CN109655858A - Multi-electrode improves Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus pair218The measurement chamber and method of Po collection efficiency - Google Patents
Multi-electrode improves Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus pair218The measurement chamber and method of Po collection efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN109655858A CN109655858A CN201811533105.8A CN201811533105A CN109655858A CN 109655858 A CN109655858 A CN 109655858A CN 201811533105 A CN201811533105 A CN 201811533105A CN 109655858 A CN109655858 A CN 109655858A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
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Abstract
Multi-electrode improves Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus pair218The measurement chamber and method of Po collection efficiency, measurement cavity wall is conductive layer, and bottom is metal screen, and semiconductor detector is mounted on the centre on insulated end cover, plurality of electrodes is installed on insulated end cover in a ring around semiconductor detector, and insulated end cover is fixed on the open end of cavity.Electrode after semiconductor detector, conductive layer and series connection is connect with high-pressure modular respectively, semiconductor detector is connect with secondary meter again, measurement chamber is put into radon chamber, the indoor air containing radon of radon enters cavity, so that the intracorporal radon consistence of chamber is identical as in radon chamber, high-pressure modular adjusts voltage between conductive layer and semiconductor detector and electrode surface respectively, and secondary meter obtains what semiconductor detector measured218Po decay counting rate, measurement chamber are adjusted, and measurement chamber are directly held on testing medium surface, then measure intracavitary radon consistence changing rule by secondary meter measurement, are then gone out precipitation rate of radon by data the Fitting Calculation.
Description
Technical field
It is especially a kind of that the analysis of static collection radon is effectively improved using multi-electrode the present invention relates to nuclear radiation detection technology
Extracting rate measuring instrument is to positively charged218The measurement chamber and measurement method of Po collection efficiency.
Background technique
In environment radon (222Rn) be natural radiation suffered by the mankind main source.Radon eduction based on different measuring principles
There are many rate methods and instrument, and wherein static collection Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus is due to its high degree of automation, with power spectrum point
Distinguish that ability is discharged220The interference of Rn and be widely used.So-called static collection is exactly to have a measurement chamber, measurement
Chamber is usually dome-type or cylindrical type, and a semiconductor detector is arranged at the top for measuring chamber, in measurement cavity wall and semiconductor probe
High voltage is added between device, forms electrostatic field.Radon is filtered out after daughter and is pumped to measurement chamber with the air in environment, in measurement chamber
Inside continue to decay, generate positively charged218Po, it is positively charged218Po will be collected into semiconductor probe under the action of electrostatic field
The surface of device.It is positively charged during collection218Po and the molecule in air, ion collision, if with electronegative OH-Ion
Collision is possible to be combined into the particle of electroneutral, and the surface of semiconductor detector cannot be collected by electrostatic field, so that collecting
Efficiency reduces.Current theoretical simulation and experiment all shows: the electric-field strength near the semiconductor detector surface of this kind of measurement chamber
Degree is very big, and the electric field strength near measurement chamber cavity wall is smaller.This results in the radon decay near measurement chamber cavity wall to generate
It is positively charged218Drift velocity of the Po under electrostatic field is smaller, and acquisition time is longer, during collection with it is negatively charged
OH-The ion probability of recombination is larger, so that positively charged218Po is collected into the inefficient of detector surface, electrostatic by electrostatic field
The detectivity of collecting method Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus is lower.
Summary of the invention
A kind of multi-electrode raising radon release rate is provided the purpose of the present invention is overcoming the above-mentioned insufficient of the prior art
Instrument pair218The measurement chamber and measurement method of Po collection efficiency.
The technical scheme is that multi-electrode improves Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus pair218The measurement chamber of Po collection efficiency, packet
Include cavity, insulated end cover, semiconductor detector, electrode and metal screen.
Cavity is the cylinder of both ends open, and inner wall is conductive layer, and metal screen is mounted on the bottom of cavity, and with lead
The bottom end face of electric layer is in close contact, and cavity cavity heights are 6-25 centimetres.
Semiconductor detector is mounted on the centre on insulated end cover, and plurality of electrodes is in ring around semiconductor detector
Shape is installed on insulated end cover, and first annular measurement circle is formed, and on first annular survey circle, the centre distance of two neighboring electrode is
6-15 centimetres, the center of electrode is from being 6-15 centimetres with a distance from wall conductive layer in cavity.
End cap is fixed by screws in the open end of cavity.
Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus pair is improved using above-mentioned measurement chamber218The measurement method of Po collection efficiency is as follows:
A, the conductive layer of semiconductor detector and cavity inner wall is passed through to conducting wire to connect with high-pressure modular respectively, then semiconductor is visited
It surveys device connect with secondary meter, electrode will measure chamber and be put into radon chamber, in radon chamber by connecting with high-pressure modular again after conducting wire series connection
Air containing radon enter cavity by measuring the metal screen of chamber cavity bottom so that the intracorporal radon consistence of chamber and the indoor radon of radon
Concentration is identical；
B, it by voltage between conductive layer and semiconductor detector in high-pressure modular adjusting cavity body, is partly led using secondary meter
What bulk detector measured218Po decays counting rate, and counting rate increases with the raising of voltage, counts when continuing voltage is turned up
When rate is basically unchanged, stop adjusting voltage between conductive layer and semiconductor detector；
C, by the way that voltage, utilization are secondary between conductive layer and first annular measurement circle upper electrode surface in high-pressure modular adjusting cavity body
Instrument obtains what semiconductor detector measured218Po decay counting rate stops adjusting conductive after counting rate reaches maximum value
Voltage between layer and electrode surface；
D, after measurement chamber is adjusted, measurement chamber is directly held on testing medium surface, the radon that testing medium surface is precipitated is logical
It crosses after metal screen filters out positively charged radon daughter and enters measurement chamber, intracavitary radon consistence is measured by secondary meter measurement and is changed
Then rule goes out precipitation rate of radon by data the Fitting Calculation.
Static collection Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus is improved to positively charged by the above method218Po collection efficiency.
The further technical solution of the present invention is: on insulated end cover, around first annular measurement circle, having additional by multiple
A plurality of annular measurement circles of several electrode compositions, the spacing distance of annular measurement circle is respectively 6-15 centimetres, annular measurement circle
The centre distance of upper two neighboring electrode is 6-15 centimetres, and the center of outmost turns annular measurement circle top electrode is conductive from wall in cavity
The distance of layer is 6-15 centimetres.
Electrostatic field is improved to positively charged using above-mentioned measurement chamber218The method of the collection efficiency of Po is as follows:
A, the conductive layer of semiconductor detector and cavity inner wall is passed through to conducting wire to connect with high-pressure modular respectively, then semiconductor is visited
It surveys device to connect with secondary meter, the electrode in each annular measurement circle is connect with high-pressure modular again after connecting by conducting wire, will be surveyed
Amount chamber is put into radon chamber, and the indoor air containing radon of radon enters cavity by measuring the metal screen of chamber cavity bottom, so that in cavity
Radon consistence it is identical as the indoor radon consistence of radon；
B, it by voltage between conductive layer and semiconductor detector in high-pressure modular adjusting cavity body, is partly led using secondary meter
What bulk detector measured218Po decays counting rate, and counting rate increases with the raising of voltage, counts when continuing voltage is turned up
When rate is basically unchanged, stop adjusting voltage between conductive layer and semiconductor detector；
C, voltage, benefit between conductive layer and each annular measurement circle upper electrode surface are successively distinguished in adjusting cavity body by high-pressure modular
Obtain what semiconductor detector measured with secondary meter218Po decay counting rate stops adjusting after counting rate reaches maximum value
Save voltage between conductive layer and each annular measurement circle upper electrode surface；
D, measurement chamber is adjusted, and measurement chamber is directly held on testing medium surface, the radon that testing medium surface is precipitated passes through
Metal screen enters measurement chamber after filtering out positively charged radon daughter, measures intracavitary radon consistence by secondary meter measurement and changes rule
Rule, then goes out precipitation rate of radon by data the Fitting Calculation.
Static collection Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus is improved to positively charged by the above method218Po collection efficiency.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following features:
Measurement cavity configuration provided by the invention is simple, can be improved static collection Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus to positively charged218Po
Collection efficiency improves the detectivity of static collection Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus.
Detailed construction of the invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the measurement cavity configuration schematic diagram equipped with an annular measurement circle；
Attached drawing 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view of attached drawing 1；
Attached drawing 3 is measurement chamber measurement process schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 4 is the B-B cross-sectional view of attached drawing 3；
Attached drawing 5 is to set that there are three the measurement cavity configuration schematic diagrames of annular measurement circle；
Attached drawing 6 is the schematic diagram measured using measurement chamber provided by the invention to testing medium.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one, multi-electrode improve Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus pair218The measurement chamber of Po collection efficiency, including cavity 1, absolutely
Acies lid 2, semiconductor detector 3, electrode 4 and metal screen 5.
Cavity 1 is the cylinder of both ends open, and inner wall is conductive layer 1-1, and metal screen 5 is mounted on the bottom of cavity 1,
And be in close contact with the bottom end face of conductive layer 1-1,1 cavity heights of cavity are 6 centimetres.
Semiconductor detector 3 is mounted on the centre on insulated end cover 2, and three electrodes 4 are in around semiconductor detector 3
On annular installation insulated end cover 2, first annular measurement circle 8 is formed, on first annular survey circle 8, the center of two neighboring electrode 4
Distance is 6 centimetres, and the center of electrode 4 is from being 6 centimetres with a distance from wall conductive layer 1-1 in cavity 1.
End cap 2 is fixed by screws in the open end of cavity 1.
Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus pair is improved using above-mentioned measurement chamber218The measurement method of Po collection efficiency is as follows:
A, the conductive layer 1-1 of 1 inner wall of semiconductor detector 3 and cavity is passed through conducting wire respectively to connect with high-pressure modular 6, then will be partly
Conductor detector 3 is connect with secondary meter 7, and electrode 4 is connect with high-pressure modular 6 again after being connected by conducting wire, and measurement chamber is put into
Radon chamber, the indoor air containing radon of radon enters cavity 1 by the metal screen 5 of measurement 1 bottom of chamber cavity, so that the radon in cavity 1
Concentration is identical as the indoor radon consistence of radon；
B, voltage between 1 inner conducting layer 1-1 of cavity and semiconductor detector 3 is adjusted by high-pressure modular 6, utilizes secondary meter 7
Obtain what semiconductor detector 3 measured218Po decay counting rate, counting rate are increased with the raising of voltage, electric when continuing to be turned up
Pressure and counting rate stops adjusting voltage between conductive layer 1-1 and semiconductor detector 3 when being basically unchanged；
C, voltage between 1 inner conducting layer 1-1 of cavity and 8 top electrode of first annular measurement circle, 4 surface is adjusted by high-pressure modular 6,
Obtain what semiconductor detector 3 measured using secondary meter 7218Po decay counting rate stops after counting rate reaches maximum value
Only adjust voltage between conductive layer 1-1 and 4 surface of electrode.
D, measurement chamber is adjusted, and measurement chamber is directly held on 11 surface of testing medium, 11 surface of testing medium is precipitated
Radon filtered out by metal screen 5 and enter measurement chamber after positively charged radon daughter, pass through the measurement of secondary meter 7 and measure intracavitary radon
Then concentration changing rule goes out precipitation rate of radon by data the Fitting Calculation.
Static collection Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus is improved to positively charged by the above method218Po collection efficiency.
Embodiment two, compared with embodiment one, unlike: 1 cavity heights of cavity be 15 centimetres, first annular surveys circle
On 6, the centre distance of two neighboring electrode 4 is 10 centimetres, and the center of electrode 4 is from being 10 with a distance from wall conductive layer 1-1 in cavity 1
Centimetre.
Its measurement method is identical as the measurement method in embodiment one.
Embodiment three, compared with embodiment one, unlike: 1 cavity heights of cavity be 25 centimetres, first annular surveys circle
On 6, the centre distance of two neighboring electrode 4 is 15 centimetres, and the center of electrode 4 is from being 15 with a distance from wall conductive layer 1-1 in cavity 1
Centimetre.
Its measurement method is identical as the measurement method in embodiment one.
Example IV, the present embodiment compared with embodiment one, unlike: on insulated end cover 2, around first annular
Measurement circle 8 is additionally arranged two annular measurement circles, the respectively second annular measurement circle 9 and third annular measurement circle 10, each annular
The spacing distance of measurement circle is respectively 6 centimetres, and the centre distance of two neighboring electrode 4 is 6 centimetres in annular measurement circle, third ring
The center of 10 top electrode 4 of shape measurement circle from cavity 1 with a distance from wall conductive layer 1-1 be 6 centimetres.
Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus pair is improved using above-mentioned measurement chamber218The measurement method of Po collection efficiency is as follows:
A, the conductive layer 1-1 of 1 inner wall of semiconductor detector 3 and cavity is passed through into conducting wire respectively and connect 5 with high-pressure modular, then will be partly
Conductor detector 3 is connect with secondary meter 7, the annular measurement circle 9 of first annular measurement circle 8, second and third annular measurement circle 10
On electrode 4 respectively by conducting wire connect after connect respectively with high-pressure modular 6 again, will measure chamber be put into radon chamber, radon is indoor to be contained
Radon air enters cavity 1 by the metal screen 5 of measurement 1 bottom of chamber cavity, so that radon consistence and the indoor radon of radon in cavity 1
Concentration is identical；
B, voltage between 1 inner conducting layer 1-1 of cavity and semiconductor detector 3 is adjusted by high-pressure modular 6, utilizes secondary meter 7
Obtain what semiconductor detector 3 measured218Po decay counting rate, counting rate are increased with the raising of voltage, electric when continuing to be turned up
Pressure and counting rate stops adjusting voltage between conductive layer 1-1 and semiconductor detector 3 when being basically unchanged；
C, voltage between 1 inner conducting layer 1-1 of cavity and 10 top electrode of third annular measurement circle, 4 surface is adjusted by high-pressure modular 6,
Obtain what semiconductor detector 3 measured using secondary meter 7218Po decay counting rate stops after counting rate reaches maximum value
Only adjust voltage between conductive layer 1-1 and 10 top electrode of third annular measurement circle, 4 surface；
D, voltage between 9 top electrode of the annular measurement circle of 1 inner conducting layer 1-1 of cavity and second, 4 surface is adjusted by high-pressure modular 6,
Obtain what semiconductor detector 3 measured using secondary meter 7218Po decay counting rate stops after counting rate reaches maximum value
Only adjust voltage between 9 top electrode of the annular measurement circle of conductive layer 1-1 and second, 4 surface；
E, voltage between 1 inner conducting layer 1-1 of cavity and 8 top electrode of first annular measurement circle, 4 surface is adjusted by high-pressure modular 6,
Obtain what semiconductor detector 3 measured using secondary meter218Po decay counting rate stops after counting rate reaches maximum value
Adjust voltage between conductive layer 1-1 and first 8 top electrode of annular measurement circle, 4 surface；
F, measurement chamber is adjusted, and measurement chamber is directly held on 11 surface of testing medium, the radon that 11 surface of testing medium is precipitated
Enter measurement chamber after filtering out positively charged radon daughter by metal screen 5, intracavitary radon consistence is measured by the measurement of secondary meter 7
Then changing rule goes out precipitation rate of radon by data the Fitting Calculation.
Static collection Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus is improved to positively charged by the above method218Po collection efficiency.
Embodiment five, the present embodiment compared with embodiment two, unlike: on insulated end cover 2, around first annular
Measurement circle 7 is additionally arranged two annular measurement circles, the respectively second annular measurement circle 9 and third annular measurement circle 10, each annular
The spacing distance of measurement circle is respectively 10 centimetres, and the centre distance of two neighboring electrode 4 is 10 centimetres in annular measurement circle, third
The center of annular 10 top electrode 4 of measurement circle from cavity 1 with a distance from wall conductive layer 1-1 be 10 centimetres.
Its measurement method is identical as the measurement method in example IV.
Embodiment six, the present embodiment compared with embodiment three, unlike: on insulated end cover 2, around first annular
Measurement circle 8 is additionally arranged two annular measurement circles, the respectively second annular measurement circle 9 and third annular measurement circle 10, each annular
The spacing distance of measurement circle is respectively 15 centimetres, and the centre distance of two neighboring electrode 4 is 15 centimetres in annular measurement circle, third
The center of annular 10 top electrode 4 of measurement circle from cavity 1 with a distance from wall conductive layer 1-1 be 15 centimetres.
Its measurement method is identical as the measurement method in example IV.
Claims (4)
1. multi-electrode improves Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus pair218The measurement chamber of Po collection efficiency, it is characterized in that: including cavity, insulating end
Lid, semiconductor detector, electrode and metal screen；
Cavity is the cylinder of both ends open, and inner wall is conductive layer, and metal screen is mounted on the bottom of cavity, and and conductive layer
Bottom end face be in close contact, cavity cavity heights be 6-25 centimetres；
Semiconductor detector is mounted on the centre on insulated end cover, and plurality of electrodes is pacified in a ring around semiconductor detector
It fills on insulated end cover, forms first annular measurement circle, on first annular survey circle, the centre distance of two neighboring electrode is 6-15
Centimetre, the center of electrode is from being 6-15 centimetres with a distance from wall conductive layer in cavity；
End cap is fixed by screws in the open end of cavity.
2. improving Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus pair using measurement chamber as described in claim 1218The measurement method of Po collection efficiency,
It is characterized in that:
A, the conductive layer of semiconductor detector and cavity inner wall is passed through to conducting wire to connect with high-pressure modular respectively, then semiconductor is visited
It surveys device connect with secondary meter, electrode will measure chamber and be put into radon chamber, in radon chamber by connecting with high-pressure modular again after conducting wire series connection
Air containing radon enter cavity by measuring the metal screen of chamber cavity bottom so that the intracorporal radon consistence of chamber and the indoor radon of radon
Concentration is identical；
B, it by voltage between conductive layer and semiconductor detector in high-pressure modular adjusting cavity body, is partly led using secondary meter
What bulk detector measured218Po decays counting rate, and counting rate increases with the raising of voltage, counts when continuing voltage is turned up
When rate is basically unchanged, stop adjusting voltage between conductive layer and semiconductor detector；
C, by the way that voltage, utilization are secondary between conductive layer and first annular measurement circle upper electrode surface in high-pressure modular adjusting cavity body
Instrument obtains what semiconductor detector measured218Po decay counting rate stops adjusting conductive after counting rate reaches maximum value
Voltage between layer and electrode surface；
D, measurement chamber is adjusted, and measurement chamber is directly held on testing medium surface, the radon that testing medium surface is precipitated passes through
Metal screen enters measurement chamber after filtering out positively charged radon daughter, measures intracavitary radon consistence by secondary meter measurement and changes rule
Rule, then goes out precipitation rate of radon by data the Fitting Calculation.
3. measurement chamber as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:, around first annular measurement circle, being added on insulated end cover
By a plurality of annular measurement circles being made of plurality of electrodes, the spacing distance of annular measurement circle is respectively 6-15 centimetres, annular
The centre distance of two neighboring electrode is 6-15 centimetres in measurement circle, and the center of outmost turns annular measurement circle top electrode is from cavity
The distance of wall conductive layer is 6-15 centimetres.
4. improving Radon Exhalation Rate Measuring Apparatus pair using measurement chamber as claimed in claim 3218The measurement method of Po collection efficiency,
It is characterized in that:
A, the conductive layer of semiconductor detector and cavity inner wall is passed through to conducting wire to connect with high-pressure modular respectively, then semiconductor is visited
It surveys device to connect with secondary meter, the electrode in each annular measurement circle is connect with high-pressure modular again after connecting by conducting wire, will be surveyed
Amount chamber is put into radon chamber, and the indoor air containing radon of radon enters cavity by measuring the metal screen of chamber cavity bottom, so that in cavity
Radon consistence it is identical as the indoor radon consistence of radon；
B, it by voltage between conductive layer and semiconductor detector in high-pressure modular adjusting cavity body, is partly led using secondary meter
What bulk detector measured218Po decays counting rate, and counting rate increases with the raising of voltage, counts when continuing voltage is turned up
When rate is basically unchanged, stop adjusting voltage between conductive layer and semiconductor detector；
C, voltage, benefit between conductive layer and each annular measurement circle upper electrode surface are successively distinguished in adjusting cavity body by high-pressure modular
Obtain what semiconductor detector measured with secondary meter218Po decay counting rate stops adjusting after counting rate reaches maximum value
Save voltage between conductive layer and each annular measurement circle upper electrode surface；
D, measurement chamber is adjusted, and measurement chamber is directly held on testing medium surface, the radon that testing medium surface is precipitated passes through
Metal screen enters measurement chamber after filtering out positively charged radon daughter, measures intracavitary radon consistence by secondary meter measurement and changes rule
Rule, then goes out precipitation rate of radon by data the Fitting Calculation.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113238272A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-10 | 赛睿环仪(北京)科技有限公司 | Radon exhalation rate measuring instrument |
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