CN2270642Y - 汽车摆动半轴的弹簧支座 - Google Patents

汽车摆动半轴的弹簧支座 Download PDF

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CN2270642Y
CN2270642Y CN96213259U CN96213259U CN2270642Y CN 2270642 Y CN2270642 Y CN 2270642Y CN 96213259 U CN96213259 U CN 96213259U CN 96213259 U CN96213259 U CN 96213259U CN 2270642 Y CN2270642 Y CN 2270642Y
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spring
axle
swinging half
bearing
central
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布莱济科·拉迪斯拉夫
库塔克·佩维尔
斯坦尼兹科·彼得
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/04—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/26—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs
    • B60G11/28—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/32—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds
    • B60G11/34—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs
    • B60G11/46—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs and also fluid springs
    • B60G11/465—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs and also fluid springs with a flexible wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G5/00—Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements
    • B60G5/04—Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements with two or more pivoted arms, the movements of which are resiliently interrelated, e.g. the arms being rigid
    • B60G5/053—Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements with two or more pivoted arms, the movements of which are resiliently interrelated, e.g. the arms being rigid a leafspring being used as equilibration unit between two axle-supporting units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/11—Leaf spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/12—Wound spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/15—Fluid spring
    • B60G2202/152—Pneumatic spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2800/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
    • B60G2800/01—Attitude or posture control
    • B60G2800/012—Rolling condition

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

汽车摆动半轴的弹簧支座，它装在中梁式车架的中梁上以便作摆动运动，中梁式车架由至少通过主传动器壳互相连接的管制梁和横梁组成，其特征是：流体弹簧(9)的上端与托架(7)的支座(8)连接，托架(7)固定在中梁(2)上，支座(8)与中梁式车架的纵向垂直对称中心面成锐角α，流体弹簧(9)的下端与倾斜的刚性构架(11)上部相连，构架(11)的底部固定在摆动半轴(1)上。

Description

汽车摆动半轴的弹簧支座
本发明涉及汽车摆动半轴的弹簧支座，尤其用于运输车辆，它安装在中梁式车架的中梁上，以便进行摆动运动。
传统的配备有中梁式车架设计用于路外运输的汽车，它们的摆动半轴的弹簧支座，大多数装有机械弹簧，而不是单独的流体弹簧。捷克人的实用新型1455号公开了一种弹簧支座，在那里用于一对排列成串联的半轴的机械式弹簧支座与一个可调节的气垫组合，此气垫垂直地设置在辅助车架的纵梁与沿纵向的半椭圆板簧前部之间，板簧的中部与第一摆动半轴相连，板簧的后部与一个水平安装在车架上用于摆动运动的摇杆前端连接，此摇杆的后端固定在第二摆动半轴上。
这样的气垫支座无疑是有缺点的，因为当越野行驶时，由于它的离地净高较低和作用在辅助车架纵梁上附加的弯曲应力，所以会使之损坏。上述辅助车架的纵梁上装有此可调节气垫上侧的支座。
本发明的目的是提供一种用于摆动半轴的弹簧支座，在任何路外的行车期间减少了流体弹簧损坏的危险，这是由于流体弹簧倾斜的布局，流体弹簧的上端面与位于中梁上方的支座相接，此弹簧所处的在地面上方的位置，比垂直布置的流体弹簧要高得多。此外，按本发明的流体弹簧，它的下端面还受到中梁车架的保护。本发明另一个目的是，由流体弹簧产生的力，不会如流体弹簧垂直布置时的情况那样由于不恰当的弯曲损害车架，以及，除此之外，与中梁连接的托架上，水平分力互相抵消了致使托架不受弯曲应力影响。
本发明的目的是通过下述特征来达到的：本发明的汽车摆动半轴的弹簧支座，它装在中梁式车架的中梁上以便作摆运动，中梁式车架由至少通过主传动器壳互相连接的管制梁和横梁组成，其特征是，流体弹簧的上端与托架的加强支座连接，托架固定在中梁上，加强支座与中梁式车架的纵向垂直对称中心面成锐角α，流体弹簧的下端与倾斜的刚性构架上部相连，刚性构架的底部固定在摆动半轴上。
为了将流体弹簧所受的径向应力降低到最小程度，最好将流体弹簧的中央横向对称面，至少在半轴处于其原始位置时，基本上垂直于摆动半轴的旋转轴线。
对于中等载重的汽车，流体弹簧最好再附加一个平行作用的机械弹簧。
若此附加的机械式弹簧是螺旋弹簧并装在此流体弹簧里面，则是一种具有突出优点的结构。
对于大载重量的汽车并具有一对排列成串联的半轴的情况下，最好将这两根摆动半轴通过一个装在中梁的横梁上的公共的机械式弹簧互相连接起来。
另一个优点来自这样的结构，即，倾斜的刚性构架的底部伸出，构成了一个叉子，与叉子相对的底端提供一个支承面，支承面与固定在车架上的弹性止挡相接触，在叉子里面装有一个C形悬架夹，C形夹上部滚压面保持与摆动半轴接触，它的下部滚压面支承着机械式弹簧的一端。
附图表示了按照本发明一个实施例，其中：
图1一对排列成串联的半轴的弹簧支座透视图；
图2半轴弹簧支座后视图；
图3半轴弹簧支座平面图；以及
图4流体弹簧的局部纵剖面图。
由附图可见，为作摆动运动，摆动半轴1、1′装在车架中梁2上，车架中梁2由通过中间构件例如主传动器壳4、4′互相连接的管制梁3、横梁5或图中未表示的齿轮箱组成。支承汽车上部结构的辅助车架的纵梁6固定在横梁5上。为作摆动运动，摆动半轴1、1′安装在主传动器壳4、4′上，图中没有表示所包括的车轮驱动轴，它们绕车架中梁2的轴线0摆动。托架7装在车架中梁2上，更具体地说装在主传动器壳4的上部，托架7有两个彼此相对的加强支座8、8′，它们与中梁式车架的垂直面形成一个锐角α，加强支座8、8′与半轴流体弹簧9的上端连接。在本发明的此实施例中表示的流体弹簧是一个气垫，它与图中未表示的增压空气进、出口管相连，通过增压空气可以调整此气垫的刚度以及汽车的离地净高。流体弹簧9的下端可拆式地与倾斜的刚性构架11的上部连接，刚性构架11的底部固定在摆动半轴2上。锐角α、加强支座面8的支座面的位置以及流体弹簧9的倾斜度选择为这样，即，使流体弹簧9的中央横平面φ，至少在摆动半轴1处于其原始位置时(此时它们的轴线彼此平行)，基本上垂直于摆动半轴1的旋转轴线0。
如图4所示，对于中等载重的汽车，流体弹簧9可通过在气垫内装上平行作用的附加的机械式弹簧10(例如螺旋弹簧)而完善化。
对于载重量超过11吨的重载汽车，成对的排列成串联的摆动半轴的弹簧支座，可通过例如半椭圆板簧的机械式弹簧12加以完善，板簧在其中央固定在中梁式车架的横梁5上，它们伸出的端部借助于悬架C形夹14、14′分别与摆动半轴1、1′连接。在此实施例中，倾斜的刚性构架底部具有叉子形状，悬架C形夹14位于此叉子以内。在叉子的相对侧上，倾斜的刚性构架底部提供了一个支承面15，它与在它对面的设在辅助车架纵梁6上的弹性止挡16相接触，以便在重载撞击下限制此弹簧的位移量。
按本发明的摆动的半轴弹簧支座，可装在配备有中梁式车架的各种公路运输车和路界外(越野)的运输汽车中。

Claims (6)

1.汽车摆动半轴的弹簧支座，它装在中梁式车架的中梁上以便作摆运动，中梁式车架由至少通过主传动器壳互相连接的管制梁和横梁组成，其特征是，流体弹簧(9)的上端与托架(7)的加强支座(8)连接，托架(7)固定在中梁(2)上，加强支座(8)与中梁式车架的纵向垂直对称中心面成锐角α，流体弹簧(9)的下端与倾斜的刚性构架(11)上部相连，刚性构架(11)的底部固定在摆动半轴(1)上。
2.按照权利要求1所述之摆动半轴的弹簧支座，其特征是：流体弹簧(9)的中央横平面φ，至少在半轴处于其原始位置时，基本上垂直于摆动半轴(1)的旋转轴线(0)。
3.按照权利要求1所述之摆动半轴的弹簧支座，其特征是：流体弹簧(9)通过一个平行作用的机械式弹簧(10)加以完善化。
4.按照权利要求3所述之摆动半轴的弹簧支座，其特征是：附加的机械弹簧(10)是一个装在流体弹簧(9)波纹管里面的螺旋形弹簧。
5.按照权利要求1所述之摆动半轴的弹簧支座，其特征是：成对的排列成串联的半轴的摆动半轴(1、1′)，通过一个公共的机械式弹簧(12)互相连接起来。此机械式弹簧(12)在其中央与汽车的车架固定。
6.按照权利要求5所述之摆动半轴的弹簧支座，其特征是：倾斜的刚性构架(11)的底部具有叉子的形状，在此叉子的相对侧提供了一个支承面(15)，此支承面(15)与固定在车架上的弹性止挡(16)相接触，在叉子里面设有一个悬架C形夹(14)，它的上滚压面与摆动半轴(1)保持接触，而它的下滚压面支承着机械式弹簧(12)的一端。
CN96213259U 1995-06-01 1996-05-28 汽车摆动半轴的弹簧支座 Expired - Lifetime CN2270642Y (zh)

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US (1) US5755456A (zh)
CN (1) CN2270642Y (zh)
AT (1) AT1661U1 (zh)
DE (1) DE29607990U1 (zh)
FR (1) FR2736871B3 (zh)
RU (1) RU4723U1 (zh)

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CN105065544A (zh) * 2015-07-17 2015-11-18 合肥工业大学 一种带共用附加气室的双空气弹簧、其控制方法及应用
CN105691136A (zh) * 2015-12-28 2016-06-22 勾长虹 用于车辆上的弹性囊体装置

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US6062579A (en) * 1998-04-07 2000-05-16 Fortier; Paul Henri Retrofittable suspension system for the rear axle of a vehicle
WO2002074564A1 (en) 2001-03-16 2002-09-26 Holland Usa, Inc. Front steer axle suspension with inclined air springs
US20040155424A1 (en) * 2002-03-14 2004-08-12 Hicks William J. Front steer axle suspension with inclined air springs
US8561735B2 (en) * 2004-09-28 2013-10-22 Oshkosh Corporation Self-contained axle module
US7448460B2 (en) 2004-09-28 2008-11-11 Oshkosh Corporation Power takeoff for an electric vehicle
US7357203B2 (en) * 2004-09-28 2008-04-15 Oshkosh Truck Corporation Self-contained axle module
US7559403B2 (en) 2006-04-05 2009-07-14 Schmitz Geoffrey W Modular, central frame, offset, dual control arm independent suspension and suspension retrofit
DE202007015428U1 (de) * 2007-11-07 2008-01-03 Goldschmitt Techmobil Ag Fahrzeug mit luftgefederter Radaufhängung mit Lenkern
US8104288B2 (en) * 2008-09-25 2012-01-31 Honeywell International Inc. Effusion cooling techniques for combustors in engine assemblies
US20100117319A1 (en) * 2008-11-12 2010-05-13 Lockheed Martin Corporation Vehicle and Trailer Set With Interchangeable Suspension Assemblies
CN108973570B (zh) * 2018-07-25 2020-01-10 黄河科技学院 板簧与油气悬架相结合的宽体矿用车悬架系统

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105065544A (zh) * 2015-07-17 2015-11-18 合肥工业大学 一种带共用附加气室的双空气弹簧、其控制方法及应用
CN105691136A (zh) * 2015-12-28 2016-06-22 勾长虹 用于车辆上的弹性囊体装置
CN105691136B (zh) * 2015-12-28 2018-02-13 勾长虹 用于车辆上的弹性囊体装置

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FR2736871B3 (fr) 1997-05-23
FR2736871A3 (fr) 1997-01-24
US5755456A (en) 1998-05-26
RU4723U1 (ru) 1997-08-16
AT1661U1 (de) 1997-09-25
DE29607990U1 (de) 1996-10-17

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