CN220422483U - Traction type membrane cotton harvesting and straw returning combined working machine - Google Patents
Traction type membrane cotton harvesting and straw returning combined working machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN220422483U CN220422483U CN202322239176.XU CN202322239176U CN220422483U CN 220422483 U CN220422483 U CN 220422483U CN 202322239176 U CN202322239176 U CN 202322239176U CN 220422483 U CN220422483 U CN 220422483U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a traction type combined machine for harvesting membrane cotton and returning straw to the field, which comprises a frame (1), a transmission system, a hydraulic system, a travelling wheel (30), a residual membrane collecting and compressing device, a floor cotton collecting device, a straw crushing and returning device, a residual membrane lifting and impurity removing and recovering device and a floor cotton impurity removing and recovering device; the cotton picking and collecting machine is characterized in that a travelling wheel (30) is arranged below the frame (1), a straw smashing and returning device is arranged below the front of the frame (1), a residual film collecting and compressing device is arranged on the frame (1), the cotton picking and collecting device is located above the residual film collecting and compressing device, and the residual film lifting, impurity removing and recovering device and the cotton picking and recovering device are located behind the residual film collecting and compressing device.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a traction type membrane cotton combine and straw returning combined combine.
Background
The film-covered planting technology can raise soil temperature, maintain soil moisture, effectively prevent fertilizer loss, inhibit weed growth, improve soil structure and increase crop yield and quality, and in China, the film-covered planting technology is promoted from the last seventies of the last century, and through years of development and application, the film-covered planting technology has become an important part in agricultural production, and the film-laying rate of cotton fields reaches 100%. However, the main component of the agricultural mulching film is polyethylene substances, if the agricultural mulching film is not recycled, long-term accumulation of residual film in the field can result in: the continuity of soil pores is changed or cut off, so that larger resistance is generated when gravity water moves, and the gravity water moves downwards slowly, thereby reducing the water penetration quantity, reducing the water content of soil, weakening the drought resistance of cultivated lands, and even causing serious consequences such as difficult water infiltration; the residual film can also influence the physical properties of soil, the residual film can mechanically obstruct crops to cause difficult emergence of crops and reduced survival rate of seedlings, seeds which are planted on the residual film are difficult to absorb enough water for expansion germination to emerge, or roots cannot penetrate the film to cause unable emergence, the film cannot be ejected together after the seeds which are planted under the residual film sprout, or dead seedlings are caused by high temperature under the film, the proportion of high-quality seedlings of crops is reduced, when fertilizer is applied among crops, large residual film isolation is carried out, fertilizer efficiency is influenced, the yield is reduced, the residual film can also cause delay of the bud period of cotton and reduced plant height, the number of single plant bolls of cotton is reduced, and the boll drop rate is improved.
Cotton stalks are main cotton planting byproducts, and the advantage of returning cotton stalks to fields is achieved: the soil fertility is improved, the cotton stalk contains a large amount of organic matters and nutrient substances such as cellulose, lignin and the like, and the substances can provide nutrients in the soil after being decomposed, so that the activity of soil microorganisms is promoted, and the soil fertility is improved; the soil structure is improved, the cotton stalk is returned to the field, the organic matter content in the soil can be increased, the formation of soil aggregate structure is promoted, the structure and the air permeability of the soil are improved, and the permeability and the water retention capacity of the soil are improved; environmental pollution is reduced, and the cotton stalk is returned to the field, so that the cotton stalk can be prevented from being burnt or abandoned in the field, and the environmental pollution is reduced; the cost is saved, and the use amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides can be reduced by returning cotton stalks to the field, so that the agricultural production cost is reduced; promote sustainable development of agriculture, and cotton stalk returning is a sustainable agricultural management mode, and can promote sustainable development of agriculture and improve benefits and environmental quality of agricultural production.
The residual film pollution and straw returning are important problems which must be solved by the continuous healthy development of cotton industry, at present, the residual film recovery and straw returning machine is gradually applied to cotton production in a large quantity, the machine models are more and more, the residual film recovery rate and straw crushing qualification rate during machine operation are gradually improved, the technology is mature day by day, but the bottleneck problems of poor operation economy, long investment recovery period and the like exist in the popularization process. Under the general condition, the operation charge of the residual film recovery machine tool is about 30-35 yuan/mu, the annual work load is difficult to be stabilized at more than 3000 mu, and investors can return the cost at least for two years, so that the purchase enthusiasm of farmers is greatly reduced. With the continuous improvement of technological cotton planting level, the whole process mechanization of cotton production in China is basically realized, wherein the mechanized harvesting of cotton is about 93%, and with the popularization and application of cotton pickers, the reasons such as mechanical design, operation mode or improper maintenance exist while the operation efficiency is improved, so that some cotton cannot be effectively picked and falls to the ground to form floor cotton, the conservation estimation exceeds 45 kg/mu, the selling price is about 4.5 yuan/kg after cleaning and processing, the per mu can reach more than 200 yuan, and unnecessary economic loss is brought to farmers.
After cotton is picked, in order to improve the utilization ratio of cotton, increase soil organic matter, improve soil structure, reduce chemical fertilizer usage, improve crop stress resistance, simultaneously protect the environment and promote agriculture sustainable development, straw returning is needed to carry out to the agricultural waste, the plastic film residue is retrieved, the multichannel process is picked up to the cotton that falls to the ground, at present, there are a large amount of plastic film residue on the agricultural machinery market to pick up with plastic film residue returning all-in-one and cotton recycling machine that falls to the ground, still need plastic film residue pick up and straw returning machinery to operate again to the cotton field after the cotton that falls to the ground is picked up the operation, not only increased the number of times that rolls of machinery to the cotton field still leads to the operation cost high simultaneously, the operating efficiency is low, lead to the machines popularization difficulty. Advanced and efficient combined operation machines are urgently to be developed. If the method can recover and effectively separate the falling cotton from the residual film in the process of recovering the residual film and returning the straw to the field, the cost of recovering the residual film is reduced by back feeding by utilizing the value of the falling cotton, the operation cost is reduced, the operation benefit is increased, the mechanical technical progress of recovering the residual film and the wide application in the cotton field are forced, and the advanced and efficient combined operation machinery is urgently required to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model discloses a traction type membrane cotton harvesting and straw returning combined working machine which can finish a plurality of working procedures of picking up floor cotton, crushing straw, returning to the field and recycling residual film at one time, improves the working efficiency and reduces the working cost of machines.
The utility model discloses a traction type membrane cotton harvesting and straw returning combined operation machine which comprises a frame 1, a transmission system, a hydraulic system, a travelling wheel 30, a residual membrane collecting and compressing device, a floor cotton collecting device, a straw crushing and returning device, a residual membrane lifting and impurity removing and recycling device and a floor cotton impurity removing and recycling device.
The cotton picking and collecting device is characterized in that a travelling wheel 30 is arranged below the frame 1, a straw smashing and returning device is arranged below the front of the frame 1, a residual film collecting and compressing device is arranged on the frame 1, the cotton picking and collecting device is located above the residual film collecting and compressing device, and the residual film lifting, impurity removing and recovering device and the cotton picking and impurity removing and recovering device are located behind the residual film collecting and compressing device.
The plastic film residue collecting and compressing device comprises a film collecting box 2, a compressing mechanism and a film unloading mechanism, wherein the film collecting box 2 is provided with a film inlet 3 and a film unloading baffle 4, the compressing mechanism is arranged at the film inlet 3 and comprises a film blocking plate 5, a film blocking crank connecting rod 6, a film pressing plate 7 and a film pressing crank connecting rod 8, the film unloading baffle 4 is hinged with the film collecting box 2, the film unloading mechanism is arranged in the opposite box of the film unloading baffle 4, and the film unloading mechanism comprises a film pushing crank connecting rod and a film pushing plate.
The floor cotton collecting device comprises a cotton collecting box 11 and a cotton unloading mechanism, the cotton unloading mechanism comprises a cotton unloading baffle 15 and a turnover oil cylinder 16, the cotton unloading baffle 15 is positioned on the box body opposite to the cotton inlet 14, the cotton unloading baffle 15 is hinged with the cotton collecting box 11, one end of the turnover oil cylinder 16 is hinged with the frame 1, and the other end of the turnover oil cylinder 16 is hinged with the cotton collecting box 11. One side of a cotton discharging baffle 15 of the cotton collecting box 11 is hinged with the frame 1, when cotton stored in the cotton collecting box 11 reaches a certain value, the cotton discharging baffle 15 is opened, and an oil supply adjusting and overturning oil cylinder 16 of an oil delivery pipe drives the cotton collecting box 11 to overturn, so that automatic cotton discharging is completed.
The straw smashing and returning device comprises a rod beating machine suspension 17, a rod beating machine shell 18, a smashing cutter shaft 19, a flail knife 20, film pressing comb teeth 21, a screw conveyer 22, a hydraulic motor I23 and a depth limiting roller 24, wherein one end of the rod beating machine suspension 17 is hinged to a frame 1, the other end of the rod beating machine suspension is hinged to the rod beating machine shell 18, the smashing cutter shaft 19 and the screw conveyer 22 are arranged in the rod beating machine shell 18, the smashing cutter shaft 19 is provided with the flail knife 20 and an air deflector 26, the air deflector 26 is arranged between two fixing plates of blades of the flail knife 20 in a strip shape, the film pressing comb teeth 21 are arc-shaped rod teeth, the top ends of the film pressing comb teeth are slightly pointed, the film pressing comb teeth are densely and fixedly arranged below the smashing cutter shaft 19, a proper gap is reserved between the two comb teeth, the tail part of the film pressing comb teeth is fixed at a lower beam in the middle of the rod beating machine shell 18, the screw conveyer 22 is provided with a rod collecting box 27 and a conveying auger A28, a rod collecting box 27 is provided with a rod inlet 29 and two side rod outlets, the rod inlet 29 corresponds to the smashing cutter shaft 19, the smashing cutter shaft 19 is controlled by the hydraulic motor I23 to control the conveying the rotating direction of the auger A28 to control the film conveying the film to be enabled to fall to the ground, and the problem of the straw is avoided from being recycled, and the straw is recovered in the following the continuous falling area, and the recycling of the residual film is avoided.
The residual film lifting, cleaning and recycling device comprises a chain harrow frame 31, a chain harrow web 32, a film removing shaft 33 and a depth limiting tail wheel 34, wherein the chain harrow frame 31 is of a frame structure, a pickup mechanism is arranged on the chain harrow frame 31 and comprises a spring tooth shaft 35, a spring tooth 36 and a chain wheel 37, the chain harrow frame 31 is also provided with the film removing shaft 33, and film removing is completed when the spring tooth 36 passes through the film removing shaft 33; the chain harrow frame 1 is hinged with the chain harrow frame 31 through a chain harrow plate 32, a lifting oil cylinder 38 is arranged below the chain harrow frame 31, one end of the lifting oil cylinder 38 is connected with the chain harrow frame 31, the other end of the lifting oil cylinder 38 is connected with the frame 1, the chain harrow frame 31 is driven to rotate relative to the frame 1 along with the expansion and contraction of the lifting oil cylinder 38, a depth limiting tail wheel 34 is arranged behind the chain harrow frame 31, the depth limiting tail wheel 34 comprises a spiral lifting mechanism, and the relative position between the depth limiting tail wheel 34 and the chain harrow frame 31 can be adjusted.
The floor cotton impurity removal and recovery device comprises a floor cotton collection mechanism and a floor cotton conveying mechanism, wherein the floor cotton collection mechanism and the floor cotton conveying mechanism consist of a floor cotton conveying auger B40 and a floor cotton impurity removal grid 41, the floor cotton collection mechanism is located below a chain harrow frame 31, the floor cotton conveying mechanism is located on the side of the chain harrow frame 31, which is close to one side of a cotton inlet 14, the floor cotton collection mechanism is welded with a frame 1, an impurity removal mechanism 42 is arranged below the floor cotton collection mechanism, and the impurity removal mechanism 42 comprises an impurity removal box and an impurity removal auger.
Further, the film blocking plate 5 and the film pressing plate 7 are arranged in the inner cavity of the film collecting box 2, the film pressing crank connecting rod 8 is hinged with the film pressing plate 7, the film pressing crank connecting rod 8 drives the film pressing plate 7 to do horizontal extrusion motion in the inner cavity of the film collecting box 2, the film blocking plate 5 falls down to a film falling port to be reduced along with scraping of the residual film collected by the elastic teeth 36 to the film inlet 3 of the film collecting box 2 by the film removing shaft 33, the film pressing crank connecting rod 8 drives the film blocking crank connecting rod 6 to move upwards when pushing the film pressing plate 7 to move forwards, the film falling port is enlarged along with the film falling port, the film blocking plate 5 is completely opened when reaching the limit position of the film pressing crank connecting rod 8, and the film pressing plate 7 rotates reversely in the return motion process of the film pressing crank connecting rod 6, and the film blocking plate 5 falls down to be reduced.
Still further be equipped with side open cylinder 45 on unloading membrane baffle 4, the one end of side open cylinder 45 is connected with frame 1, and the other end is connected with unloading membrane baffle 4, it is articulated with pushing away membrane crank connecting rod, when the incomplete membrane density in the collection membrane case 2 reaches a definite value, the oil pipe fuel feeding is adjusted side open cylinder 45 and is driven to unload membrane baffle 4 and open, pushes away membrane crank connecting rod drive and pushes away the incomplete membrane in the collection membrane case 2, realizes automatic unloading the membrane.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
a. the utility model discloses a traction type membrane cotton combine and straw returning combined working machine, which belongs to a combined working machine tool, can finish a plurality of procedures of picking up floor cotton, crushing straw and returning to the field and recycling residual films at one time, improves the working efficiency, reduces the working cost and increases the working benefit, and can forcefully push the mechanical technical progress of residual film recycling and can be widely applied to cotton fields.
b. In the traction type membrane cotton combine and straw returning combined machine floor cotton collecting device disclosed by the utility model, one side of a cotton discharging baffle 15 of a cotton collecting box 11 is hinged with a frame 1, a turnover oil cylinder 16 is arranged between the cotton collecting box 11 and the frame 1, when cotton stored in the cotton collecting box 11 reaches a certain value, the cotton discharging baffle 15 is opened, and the turnover oil cylinder 16 drives the cotton collecting box 11 to realize turnover, so that automatic cotton discharging is completed.
c. The utility model discloses a 2-level impurity removal grid arranged in a floor cotton impurity removal and recovery device of a traction type membrane cotton combine and straw returning combined machine, which greatly reduces impurity content in floor cotton.
d. The straw crushing and returning device of the traction type film cotton combine and straw returning combined machine is provided with the film pressing comb teeth 21, strong wind generated by the wind plate 26 on the crushing cutter shaft 19 can blow impurities on the film cotton through the comb teeth, and proper gaps of the comb teeth can ensure that floor cotton and residual films are kept.
e. The hydraulic motor I23 in the straw crushing and returning device of the traction type film cotton combine and straw returning combined machine controls the forward and reverse rotation of the conveying auger A28 so as to control the direction of throwing the crushed straw, so that the straw is always thrown towards the area after the residual film recycling operation is performed, the problem that the crushed straw falls to the surface residual film is effectively avoided, and the recycling rate of the subsequent falling cotton and the residual film is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an isometric view a of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is an isometric view B of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is an isometric view C of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is a right side view of the present utility model.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a residual film collecting and compressing device.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the straw crushing and returning device of the utility model.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the residual film lifting impurity removing and recycling device.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the cotton collecting device for floor standing of the present utility model.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the cotton impurity removal and recovery device of the utility model.
The figure shows: 1 is a frame, 2 is a film collecting box, 3 is a film inlet, 4 is a film unloading baffle, 5 is a film baffle plate, 6 is a film baffle crank connecting rod, 7 is a film pressing plate, 8 is a film pressing crank connecting rod, 11 is a cotton collecting box, 12 is a wire netting, 13 is a hydraulic motor II,14 is a cotton inlet, 15 is a cotton unloading baffle plate, 16 is a turnover cylinder, 17 is a rod making machine suspension, 18 is a rod making machine shell, 19 is a crushing cutter shaft, 20 is a flail knife, 21 is a film pressing comb teeth, 22 is a screw conveyor, 23 is a hydraulic motor I,24 is a depth limiting roller, 25 is an oil drum, 26 is a wind deflector, 27 is a rod collecting box, 28 is a conveying auger A,29 is a rod inlet, 30 is a travelling wheel, 31 is a chain harrow frame, 32 is a chain harrow plate, 33 is a film removing shaft, 34 is a depth limiting tail wheel, 35 is a spring tooth shaft, 36 is a spring tooth, 37 is a chain wheel, 38 is a lifting cylinder, 40 is a conveying auger B,41 is a cotton impurity discharging grid, 42 is a clearing mechanism, 45 is a side door opening box, 46 is a speed changing box.
Detailed Description
The foregoing is further elaborated by the following examples, it being evident that the examples described are only some, but not all, of the examples of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1 to 9, in order to provide a schematic structural view of an embodiment 1 of the present utility model, the embodiment discloses a combined machine for both harvesting and returning straw to the field, which comprises a frame 1, a transmission system, a hydraulic system, a travelling wheel 30, a residual film collecting and compressing device, a floor cotton collecting device, a straw crushing and returning device, a residual film lifting and impurity removing and recovering device and a floor cotton impurity removing and recovering device.
The cotton picking and collecting device is characterized in that a travelling wheel 30 is arranged below the frame 1, a straw smashing and returning device is arranged below the front of the frame 1, a residual film collecting and compressing device is arranged on the frame 1, the cotton picking and collecting device is located above the residual film collecting and compressing device, and the residual film lifting, impurity removing and recovering device and the cotton picking and impurity removing and recovering device are located behind the residual film collecting and compressing device.
The plastic film residue collecting and compressing device comprises a film collecting box 2, a compressing mechanism and a film unloading mechanism, wherein the film collecting box 2 is provided with a film inlet 3 and a film unloading baffle 4, the compressing mechanism is arranged at the film inlet 3 and comprises a film blocking plate 5, a film blocking crank connecting rod 6, a film pressing plate 7 and a film pressing crank connecting rod 8, the film unloading baffle 4 is hinged with the film collecting box 2, the film unloading mechanism is arranged in the opposite box of the film unloading baffle 4, and the film unloading mechanism comprises a film pushing crank connecting rod and a film pushing plate.
The floor cotton collecting device comprises a cotton collecting box 11 and a cotton unloading mechanism, the cotton unloading mechanism comprises a cotton unloading baffle 15 and a turnover oil cylinder 16, the cotton unloading baffle 15 is positioned on the box body opposite to the cotton inlet 14, the cotton unloading baffle 15 is hinged with the cotton collecting box 11, one end of the turnover oil cylinder 16 is hinged with the frame 1, and the other end of the turnover oil cylinder 16 is hinged with the cotton collecting box 11. One side of a cotton discharging baffle 15 of the cotton collecting box 11 is hinged with the frame 1, when cotton stored in the cotton collecting box 11 reaches a certain value, the cotton discharging baffle 15 is opened, and an oil supply adjusting and overturning oil cylinder 16 of an oil delivery pipe drives the cotton collecting box 11 to overturn, so that automatic cotton discharging is completed.
The straw smashing and returning device comprises a rod beating machine suspension 17, a rod beating machine shell 18, a smashing cutter shaft 19, a flail knife 20, film pressing comb teeth 21, a screw conveyer 22, a hydraulic motor I23 and a depth limiting roller 24, wherein one end of the rod beating machine suspension 17 is hinged to a frame 1, the other end of the rod beating machine suspension is hinged to the rod beating machine shell 18, the smashing cutter shaft 19 and the screw conveyer 22 are arranged in the rod beating machine shell 18, the smashing cutter shaft 19 is provided with the flail knife 20 and an air deflector 26, the air deflector 26 is arranged between two fixing plates of blades of the flail knife 20 in a strip shape, the film pressing comb teeth 21 are arc-shaped rod teeth, the top ends of the film pressing comb teeth are slightly pointed, the film pressing comb teeth are densely and fixedly arranged below the smashing cutter shaft 19, a proper gap is reserved between the two comb teeth, the tail part of the film pressing comb teeth is fixed at a lower beam in the middle of the rod beating machine shell 18, the screw conveyer 22 is provided with a rod collecting box 27 and a conveying auger A28, a rod collecting box 27 is provided with a rod inlet 29 and two side rod outlets, the rod inlet 29 corresponds to the smashing cutter shaft 19, the smashing cutter shaft 19 is controlled by the hydraulic motor I23 to control the conveying the rotating direction of the auger A28 to control the film conveying the film to be enabled to fall to the ground, and the problem of the straw is avoided from being recycled, and the straw is recovered in the following the continuous falling area, and the recycling of the residual film is avoided.
The residual film lifting, cleaning and recycling device comprises a chain harrow frame 31, a chain harrow web 32, a film removing shaft 33 and a depth limiting tail wheel 34, wherein the chain harrow frame 31 is of a frame structure, a pickup mechanism is arranged on the chain harrow frame 31 and comprises a spring tooth shaft 35, a spring tooth 36 and a chain wheel 37, the chain harrow frame 31 is also provided with the film removing shaft 33, and film removing is completed when the spring tooth 36 passes through the film removing shaft 33; the chain harrow frame 1 is hinged with the chain harrow frame 31 through a chain harrow plate 32, a lifting oil cylinder 38 is arranged below the chain harrow frame 31, one end of the lifting oil cylinder 38 is connected with the chain harrow frame 31, the other end of the lifting oil cylinder 38 is connected with the frame 1, the chain harrow frame 31 is driven to rotate relative to the frame 1 along with the expansion and contraction of the lifting oil cylinder 38, a depth limiting tail wheel 34 is arranged behind the chain harrow frame 31, the depth limiting tail wheel 34 comprises a spiral lifting mechanism, and the relative position between the depth limiting tail wheel 34 and the chain harrow frame 31 can be adjusted.
The floor cotton impurity removal and recovery device comprises a floor cotton collection mechanism and a floor cotton conveying mechanism, wherein the floor cotton collection mechanism and the floor cotton conveying mechanism consist of a floor cotton conveying auger B40 and a floor cotton impurity removal grid 41, the floor cotton collection mechanism is located below a chain harrow frame 31, the floor cotton conveying mechanism is located on the side of the chain harrow frame 31, which is close to one side of a cotton inlet 14, the floor cotton collection mechanism is welded with a frame 1, an impurity removal mechanism 42 is arranged below the floor cotton collection mechanism, and the impurity removal mechanism 42 comprises an impurity removal box and an impurity removal auger.
Further, the film blocking plate 5 and the film pressing plate 7 are arranged in the inner cavity of the film collecting box 2, the film pressing crank connecting rod 8 is hinged with the film pressing plate 7, the film pressing crank connecting rod 8 drives the film pressing plate 7 to do horizontal extrusion motion in the inner cavity of the film collecting box 2, the film blocking plate 5 falls down to a film falling port to be reduced along with scraping of the residual film collected by the elastic teeth 36 to the film inlet 3 of the film collecting box 2 by the film removing shaft 33, the film pressing crank connecting rod 8 drives the film blocking crank connecting rod 6 to move upwards when pushing the film pressing plate 7 to move forwards, the film falling port is enlarged along with the film falling port, the film blocking plate 5 is completely opened when reaching the limit position of the film pressing crank connecting rod 8, and the film pressing plate 7 rotates reversely in the return motion process of the film pressing crank connecting rod 6, and the film blocking plate 5 falls down to be reduced.
Still further be equipped with side open cylinder 45 on unloading membrane baffle 4, the one end of side open cylinder 45 is connected with frame 1, and the other end is connected with unloading membrane baffle 4, it is articulated with pushing away membrane crank connecting rod, when the incomplete membrane density in the collection membrane case 2 reaches a definite value, the oil pipe fuel feeding is adjusted side open cylinder 45 and is driven to unload membrane baffle 4 and open, pushes away membrane crank connecting rod drive and pushes away the incomplete membrane in the collection membrane case 2, realizes automatic unloading the membrane.
Referring to fig. 1-4, when the utility model starts to work, power is transmitted to a gearbox 46 from a rear output shaft of a tractor, part of the power distributed by the gearbox 46 is transmitted to a straw crushing and returning device, a crushing cutter shaft 19 rotates at a high speed to drive a flail knife 20 to crush cotton stalks, an air plate 26 generates huge wind force along with the high speed rotation of the crushing cutter shaft 19 to blow the crushed cotton stalks to a screw conveyor 22, and a conveying auger 28 controlled by a hydraulic motor discharges the crushed cotton stalks to one side where the operation is completed. Another part of power is transmitted to a residual film lifting, impurity removing and recycling device, a spring tooth 36 in a pickup mechanism enters soil and picks up a film, the spring tooth 36 picks up the film, a spring tooth shaft 35 drives the spring tooth 36 to move obliquely upwards along a chain harrow frame 31, a set mechanical shake can shake floor cotton and impurities on the surface of the film to a floor cotton collecting mechanism, a part of impurities fall to an impurity removing box in an impurity removing mechanism 42 through a horizontal floor cotton impurity removing grid, the impurity is discharged through an impurity conveying auger, another part of impurities fall to the field through an obliquely-upwards floor cotton impurity removing grid, a hydraulic motor II13 drives a floor cotton conveying auger 28 to convey the floor cotton to a cotton collecting box 11, when a tractor driver sees that floor cotton in the cotton collecting box 11 is fully stacked in the wire netting 12, the tractor driver opens the tractor to a cotton discharging area when the cotton stored in the cotton collecting box 11 reaches a fixed value, the oil supply pipe adjusts a turnover cylinder 16 to drive the cotton collecting box 11 to realize turnover, and automatic cotton discharging is completed. When the spring tooth 36 in the picking mechanism moves to the film inlet 3 area, the spring tooth 36 contacts with the film removing shaft 33, the residual film falls to the film falling opening, the film pressing crank connecting rod 8 pushes the film pressing plate 7 to move forwards to compress the residual film, when a tractor driver sees that the residual film in the film collecting box 2 is fully piled up through the wire netting 12, the tractor is opened to the film unloading area, the oil supply adjusting side opening oil cylinder 45 of the oil delivery pipe drives the film unloading baffle 4 to be opened, and the film pushing crank connecting rod drives the film pushing plate to push the residual film in the cotton collecting box 11 out, so that the automatic film unloading is realized.
Claims (3)
1. The traction type membrane cotton harvesting and straw returning combined working machine comprises a frame (1), a transmission system, a hydraulic system, a travelling wheel (30), a residual film collecting and compressing device, a floor cotton collecting device, a straw crushing and returning device, a residual film lifting and impurity removing and recovering device and a floor cotton impurity removing and recovering device; the method is characterized in that:
a travelling wheel (30) is arranged below the frame (1), a straw smashing and returning device is arranged below the front part of the frame (1), a residual film collecting and compressing device is arranged on the frame (1), the floor cotton collecting device is positioned above the residual film collecting and compressing device, and the residual film lifting, impurity removing and recovering device and the floor cotton impurity removing and recovering device are positioned behind the residual film collecting and compressing device;
the residual film collecting and compressing device comprises a film collecting box (2), a compressing mechanism and a film unloading mechanism, wherein the film collecting box (2) is provided with a film inlet (3) and a film unloading baffle plate (4), the compressing mechanism is arranged at the film inlet (3) and comprises a film blocking plate (5), a film blocking crank connecting rod (6), a film pressing plate (7) and a film pressing crank connecting rod (8), the film unloading baffle plate (4) is hinged with the film collecting box (2), the film unloading mechanism is arranged in the opposite box of the film unloading baffle plate (4), and the film unloading mechanism comprises a film pushing crank connecting rod and a film pushing plate;
the floor cotton collecting device comprises a cotton collecting box (11) and a cotton unloading mechanism, the cotton unloading mechanism comprises a cotton unloading baffle plate (15) and a turnover oil cylinder (16), the cotton unloading baffle plate (15) is positioned on the box body opposite to the cotton inlet (14), the cotton unloading baffle plate (15) is hinged with the cotton collecting box (11), one end of the turnover oil cylinder (16) is hinged with the frame (1), and the other end of the turnover oil cylinder is hinged with the cotton collecting box (11); one side of a cotton discharging baffle (15) of the cotton collecting box (11) is hinged with the frame (1), when cotton stored in the cotton collecting box (11) reaches a certain value, the cotton discharging baffle (15) is opened, and an oil delivery pipe oil supply adjusting overturning oil cylinder (16) drives the cotton collecting box (11) to overturn, so that automatic cotton discharging is completed;
the straw crushing and returning device comprises a threshing machine hanging part (17), a threshing machine shell (18), a crushing cutter shaft (19), a flail knife (20), film pressing comb teeth (21), a screw conveyer (22), a hydraulic motor I (23) and a depth limiting roller (24), wherein one end of the threshing machine hanging part (17) is hinged with a frame (1), the other end of the threshing machine hanging part is hinged with the threshing machine shell (18), the crushing cutter shaft (19) and the screw conveyer (22) are arranged in the threshing machine shell (18), the crushing cutter shaft (19) is provided with a flail knife (20) and an air plate (26), the air plate (26) is arranged between two blade fixing plates of the flail knife (20) in a strip shape, the film pressing comb teeth (21) are arc-shaped rod teeth, the top end is slightly pointed, the screw conveyer (22) is densely and fixedly arranged below the crushing cutter shaft (19), a proper gap is reserved between two comb teeth, the tail part is fixed at the lower cross beam in the middle of the threshing machine shell (18), the screw conveyer (22) is provided with a rod collecting box (27) and a conveying auger A (28), the rod collecting box (27) is provided with a rod inlet (29) and two side rod outlet, the rod inlet (29) corresponds to the crushing cutter shaft (19), the hydraulic motor I (23) controls the forward and backward rotation of the conveying auger A (28) so as to control the direction of throwing crushed straws, so that the straws are always thrown towards the direction of the region after the residual film recycling operation is performed, the problem that broken straws fall to the ground surface residual film is effectively avoided, and the recycling rate of the subsequent falling cotton and residual film is improved;
the residual film lifting, cleaning and recycling device comprises a chain harrow frame (31), a chain harrow web (32), a film removing shaft (33) and a depth limiting tail wheel (34), wherein the chain harrow frame (31) is of a frame structure, a pickup mechanism is arranged on the chain harrow frame (31) and comprises a spring tooth shaft (35), a spring tooth (36) and a chain wheel (37), the chain harrow frame (31) is further provided with the film removing shaft (33), and the spring tooth (36) completes film removing when passing through the film removing shaft (33); the chain harrow comprises a frame (1) and a chain harrow frame (31), wherein the frame is hinged with the chain harrow frame (31) through a chain harrow plate (32), a lifting oil cylinder (38) is arranged below the chain harrow frame (31), one end of the lifting oil cylinder (38) is connected with the chain harrow frame (31), the other end of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with the frame (1), the chain harrow frame (31) is driven to rotate relative to the frame (1) along with the expansion and contraction of the lifting oil cylinder (38), a depth limiting tail wheel (34) is arranged behind the chain harrow frame (31), the depth limiting tail wheel (34) comprises a spiral lifting mechanism, and the relative position between the depth limiting tail wheel (34) and the chain harrow frame (31) can be adjusted;
the floor cotton impurity removal and recovery device comprises a floor cotton collection mechanism and a floor cotton conveying mechanism, wherein the floor cotton collection mechanism and the floor cotton conveying mechanism consist of a floor cotton conveying auger B (40) and a floor cotton impurity removal grid (41), the floor cotton collection mechanism is located below a chain harrow frame (31), the floor cotton conveying mechanism is located on the side of the chain harrow frame (31) close to one side of a cotton inlet (14), the floor cotton collection mechanism is welded with a frame (1), an impurity removal mechanism (42) is arranged below the floor cotton collection mechanism, and the impurity removal mechanism (42) comprises an impurity removal box and an impurity conveying auger.
2. The traction type membrane cotton harvesting and straw returning combined machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the film blocking plate (5) and the film pressing plate (7) are arranged in the inner cavity of the film collecting box (2), the film pressing crank connecting rod (8) is hinged with the film pressing plate (7), the film pressing crank connecting rod (8) drives the film pressing plate (7) to do horizontal extrusion motion in the inner cavity of the film collecting box (2), the film blocking crank connecting rod (6) rotates reversely along with the film stripping shaft (33) to scrape the residual film collected by the elastic teeth (36) to the film inlet (3) of the film collecting box (2), the film blocking plate (5) falls down to reduce the film falling opening, the film pressing crank connecting rod (8) drives the film blocking crank connecting rod (6) to move upwards when the film pressing plate (7) moves forwards, the film falling opening is enlarged along with the film falling opening, and when the limit position of the film pressing crank connecting rod (8) is reached, the film blocking plate (7) rotates reversely in the return motion process, and the film blocking plate (5) falls down to reduce the film falling opening.
3. The traction type membrane cotton harvesting and straw returning combined machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the film unloading baffle (4) is provided with a side opening oil cylinder (45), one end of the side opening oil cylinder (45) is connected with the frame (1), the other end of the side opening oil cylinder is connected with the film unloading baffle (4), the film pushing crank connecting rod is hinged with the film pushing plate, when the residual film density in the film collecting box (2) reaches a certain value, the oil delivery pipe oil supply adjusting side opening oil cylinder (45) drives the film unloading baffle (4) to open, and the film pushing crank connecting rod drives the film pushing plate to push out the residual film in the film collecting box (2) so as to realize automatic film unloading.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322239176.XU CN220422483U (en) | 2023-08-18 | 2023-08-18 | Traction type membrane cotton harvesting and straw returning combined working machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322239176.XU CN220422483U (en) | 2023-08-18 | 2023-08-18 | Traction type membrane cotton harvesting and straw returning combined working machine |
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|---|---|
| CN220422483U true CN220422483U (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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| CN202322239176.XU Active CN220422483U (en) | 2023-08-18 | 2023-08-18 | Traction type membrane cotton harvesting and straw returning combined working machine |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN220422483U (en) |
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