CN218994035U

CN218994035U - Smelting furnace

Info

Publication number: CN218994035U
Application number: CN202223213933.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高永亮; 陆金忠; 李栋; 李东波; 徐小锋; 李冲; 汪兴楠; 许欣; 崔大韡; 张哲铠; 冯双杰; 曹珂菲; 李海春; 郝小红
Original assignee: China ENFI Engineering Corp; China Nonferrous Metals Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: China ENFI Engineering Corp; China Nonferrous Metals Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-29
Filing date: 2022-11-29
Publication date: 2023-05-09
Anticipated expiration: 2032-11-29

Abstract

The utility model provides a smelting furnace. The smelting furnace comprises a suspension reaction tower and a sedimentation tank which are integrally arranged, wherein the top of the suspension reaction tower is provided with a mineral aggregate injection port to be smelted, the top and/or the side part of the suspension reaction tower is also provided with a plurality of first spray guns, and the first spray guns are respectively and independently connected with at least one of a reducing agent supply unit, a fuel supply unit or an oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the suspension reaction tower is used for carrying out suspension smelting reaction on the mineral aggregate to be smelted; the sedimentation tank is of a horizontal structure, and comprises a side blowing area and an electric heating area which are communicated with each other along the length direction of the sedimentation tank, wherein the top of the side blowing area is directly communicated with the bottom of the suspension reaction tower; the side wall of the side blowing area is provided with a plurality of second spray guns, and the electric heating area is provided with a heating electrode. The utility model solves the problems of unbalanced energy quality, high iron content in slag, low reaction efficiency and the like in the existing flash furnace smelting process.

Description

Smelting furnace

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a smelting furnace.

Background

At present, in the nonferrous and ferrous metallurgical industry, suspension/rotation floating smelting belongs to a modern enhanced smelting process, and smelting equipment of the suspension/rotation floating smelting belongs to a flash furnace (or rotation floating furnace) in the industry, and can be applied to smelting of various metals such as iron, copper, nickel, lead, solid waste and the like.

Taking iron making as an example, the iron making process can be divided into two types of blast furnace iron making and non-blast furnace iron making, wherein the blast furnace iron making is the main body, and the non-blast furnace iron making mainly comprises two technologies of direct reduction and smelting reduction. The direct reduction process includes rotary kiln-electric furnace, rotary hearth furnace-electric furnace, shaft furnace-electric furnace, etc. The melt reduction scheme includes HIsmelt, corex and Finex, etc. The steel production process in China mainly comprises a long process of coking-sintering-blast furnace-converter, the iron-making process mainly comprises 60% of total energy consumption, the production cost of the iron-making process mainly comprises 70% of the cost of ton steel, and the pollutant emission comprises 90% of the total amount. Therefore, the blast furnace ironmaking process has the problems of long flow, high energy consumption, serious pollution and the like, and is strongly dependent on metallurgical coke. The development of non-blast furnace ironmaking technology is mainly due to the long flow of blast furnace smelting process, the necessity of using sinter ore or pellet ore and coke in the smelting process, the shortage of coking coal resources, high energy consumption of the coking process and serious pollution.

The method has the advantages that the pellet making process and the corresponding energy consumption can be omitted by directly utilizing the powder ore, the environmental pollution is reduced, the particle diameter of the powder ore is small, the specific surface area is large, and the powder ore can be fully contacted with the reducing gas in the reducing process, so that the mass transfer and heat transfer processes between the iron oxide and the gas are enhanced, the reducing dynamics condition is greatly improved, the production efficiency is further improved, and the problems of high energy consumption, serious environmental pollution and the like of the production process are fundamentally solved. Based on this background, flash furnaces have evolved. Such as:

The Chinese patent application of application number 201610280696.7 discloses a flash furnace with a side-blown molten pool section, which comprises a reaction tower, wherein at least one molten pool is arranged at the lower part of the reaction tower, each molten pool is provided with a side-blown molten pool section with the inner width smaller than 3 meters, the side surface of the side-blown molten pool section is provided with a side-blown arrangement, the tail end of the side-blown molten pool section is provided with a slag discharge port, and the side-blown molten pool section is positioned between the slag discharge port and the reaction tower; the flash furnace also comprises a rising flue which is communicated with the reaction tower through a molten pool. The flash furnace is provided with the side blowing molten pool section with the inner width smaller than 3 meters, so that all parts of the molten pool can be directly influenced by side blowing, particularly, the central part of the molten pool can be blown through, heat is supplemented to the molten pool in the aspect of side blowing, and the molten pool forms a liquid melt environment with good fluidity, thereby realizing functions of slag formation, precipitation layering and discharge of slag and metal, and the like.

In the chinese patent application of application No. 201210179226.3, a flash metallurgical method for iron is disclosed, in which powdered dry iron ore having a large specific surface area is directly sprayed into a hot reaction tower space through a nozzle provided at the top of the reaction tower together with fuel and oxygen without pelletizing, sintering and crushing, and is lowered in a floating state, and high-valence iron oxide in the iron ore is partially reduced to low-valence iron oxide and partially metallic iron while being rapidly heated to about 1200 c, and is dropped into a molten pool at the lower part of the reaction tower. A layer of hot coke or other carbonaceous filter layer at about 1550 ℃ is arranged at the upper part in the molten pool, and a side blowing nozzle for pulverized coal or other reducing agent is arranged on the side wall of the filtering layer of the molten pool, and oxygen-enriched air at high temperature or normal temperature is adopted. The lower iron oxide is further reduced to metallic iron in the filter layer. The generated metallic iron and slag are layered in the molten pool and continuously or periodically discharged. The generated flue gas is discharged after being reburning waste heat boiler and dust removal, or is sent to a hot blast stove to be used as fuel.

The chinese patent application of application No. 201410163342.5 discloses a drying and reduction-integrated flash ironmaking apparatus and an ironmaking method, which can utilize high-temperature flue gas generated in a reduction tower to dry and prereduce wet concentrate in a prereducing drying tower, and further directly convey the dried concentrate discharged from the prereducing drying tower to the reduction tower for reduction. Therefore, the high-temperature flue gas can be recycled, energy loss and environmental pollution caused by direct discharge of the high-temperature flue gas are avoided, energy recycling can be obviously improved, energy loss and environmental pollution caused by direct discharge of the high-temperature flue gas are avoided, and energy utilization rate and ironmaking efficiency are obviously improved.

In the chinese patent application of application No. 201410163977.5, a twin-tower flash iron-making furnace and an iron-making method are disclosed, the twin-tower flash iron-making furnace comprising: a furnace bottom, wherein a molten pool is defined in the furnace bottom; the first reduction tower is internally provided with a first tower cavity; the second reduction tower is internally provided with a second tower cavity; the lower ends of the first reduction tower and the second reduction tower are connected with the furnace bottom; a partition wall is arranged in the second tower cavity and divides the second tower cavity into a rising flue and a reduction channel; the first tower cavity is communicated with the lower end of the rising flue, and the upper end of the rising flue and the upper end of the reduction channel are communicated with each other. The double-tower flash iron-smelting furnace has the advantages of low investment, high productivity and energy conservation. The iron-making method comprises the following steps: spraying fuel of dry concentrate, flux including coke, pulverized coal and oxygen into the first tower cavity through the concentrate burner; dry concentrate and flux are added into the reduction channel through a feed port; and reducing the flue gas in the first tower cavity to dry concentrate in the reduction channel. The method has high iron-making efficiency and low cost.

The traditional flash furnace comprises three parts, namely a reaction tower, a sedimentation tank and a rising flue. In the specific smelting process, powdery mixed materials and reaction gas which are dried until the water content is less than 0.3% are sprayed into a reaction tower at a high speed through a nozzle, and because the powdery materials have the advantages of large specific surface area, physical and chemical reactions such as heating, melting, oxidation/reduction, slagging and the like of the mixed materials occur quickly, the formed overheat melt falls into a sedimentation tank, and then the physical and chemical reactions which are not completely completed in the reaction tower are continued to be carried out and separated into metal products and slag, and flue gas and smoke dust generated in the reaction process are discharged from a rising flue. However, with conventional flash furnaces, the chemical kinetics in the precipitation tank is poor, the bath is calm and not agitated, so that the continued physicochemical reaction is slow. The slag containing valuable metals discharged from the sedimentation tank are higher, and the slag containing valuable metals are gradually increased along with the continuous production increase of various production factories, so that huge waste of resources is caused; further, more importantly, there are problems of mismatching of energy quality, low reduction rate, high iron content in slag and the like when treating iron-based minerals.

In addition, the poor chemical kinetics condition also causes that high-melting point substances are easy to deposit in the sedimentation tank to form a furnace knot, thereby reducing the volume of the sedimentation tank, which in turn further worsens the depletion and sedimentation of valuable metals; after the formation of the accretion, no effective means is adopted to eliminate the accretion, the accretion around the metal discharge port causes difficult burning, the slag discharge is more frequent, and the pressure of on-site operation is increased.

In view of this, the present application is specifically proposed.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model mainly aims to provide a smelting furnace to solve the problems of unbalanced energy quality, high iron content in slag, low reaction efficiency and the like in the smelting process of a flash furnace in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a suspension side-blowing electroheat smelting furnace including a suspension reaction tower and a sedimentation tank integrally provided, and further including a reducing agent supply unit, a fuel supply unit, and an oxygen-containing gas supply unit; wherein: the top of the suspension reaction tower is provided with a mineral aggregate injection port to be smelted, the top and/or the side part of the suspension reaction tower is also provided with a plurality of first spray guns, and each first spray gun is independently connected with at least one of a reducing agent supply unit, a fuel supply unit or an oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the suspension reaction tower is used for carrying out suspension smelting reaction on the mineral aggregate to be smelted; the sedimentation tank is of a horizontal structure, and comprises a side blowing area and an electric heating area which are communicated with each other along the length direction of the sedimentation tank, wherein the top of the side blowing area is directly communicated with the bottom of the suspension reaction tower; a plurality of second spray guns are arranged on the side wall of the side blowing area, and a heating electrode is arranged in the electric heating area; the second spray guns are respectively and independently connected with at least one of a reducing agent supply unit, a fuel supply unit and an oxygen-containing gas; the top of the electric heating area is also provided with a reducing agent charging port or a third spray gun connected with the reducing agent supply unit; the top of the electric heating area is also provided with a smoke outlet, the bottom is also provided with a metal discharge outlet, and the side part is also provided with an upper slag outlet and a lower slag outlet.

Further, the suspension reaction tower is sequentially divided into a preheating zone, a reduction zone and a melting zone from top to bottom, the plurality of first spray guns comprise at least three groups, each group of first spray guns respectively comprise at least two first spray guns, and at least one group of first spray guns are respectively arranged in the preheating zone, the reduction zone and the melting zone.

Further, a first spray gun arranged in the preheating zone is connected with the fuel supply unit and the oxygen-containing gas supply unit; wherein, the first spray gun arranged in the preheating zone is a double-channel spray gun, the inner channel of the first spray gun is connected with the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the outer channel of the first spray gun is connected with the fuel supply unit; or the first spray gun arranged in the preheating zone is a single-channel spray gun, one part of the first spray gun is connected with the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the other part of the first spray gun is connected with the fuel supply unit; one part of the first spray gun arranged in the reduction zone is a single-channel spray gun and is connected with the reducing agent supply unit, the other part of the first spray gun is a double-channel spray gun, the inner channel of the first spray gun is connected with the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the outer channel of the first spray gun is connected with the fuel supply unit; or the first spray gun arranged in the reduction zone is a three-way spray gun, an inner layer channel of the first spray gun is connected with a reducing agent supply unit, an intermediate layer channel of the first spray gun is connected with an oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and an outer layer channel of the first spray gun is connected with the reducing agent supply unit or a fuel supply unit; one part of the first spray gun arranged in the melting zone is a single-channel spray gun and is connected with the reducing agent supply unit, the other part of the first spray gun is a double-channel spray gun, the inner channel of the first spray gun is connected with the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the outer channel of the first spray gun is connected with the fuel supply unit; alternatively, the first lance provided in the melting zone is a three-way lance, the inner layer passage of which is connected to the reducing agent supply unit, the middle layer passage is connected to the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the outer layer passage is connected to the reducing agent supply unit or the fuel supply unit.

Further, the suspension side-blowing electric heating smelting furnace further comprises a rising flue, wherein the rising flue is arranged at the top of the side-blowing area and is communicated with the side-blowing area, the rising flue is arranged at one end of the side-blowing area, which is close to the electric heating area, and the suspension reaction tower is arranged at one end of the side-blowing area, which is far away from the electric heating area.

Further, the rising flue and the sedimentation tank are also integrally arranged, and a side wall of the rising flue, which is close to one side of the electric heating area, extends into the sedimentation tank so as to form a partition wall between the side blowing area and the electric heating area.

Further, the second lances are each independently connected to at least one of the reducing agent supply unit, the fuel supply unit and the oxygen-containing gas supply unit.

Further, the second spray gun is a three-channel integrated spray gun, an inner layer channel of the second spray gun is connected with the reducing agent supply unit, an intermediate layer channel of the second spray gun is connected with the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and an outer layer channel of the second spray gun is connected with the reducing agent supply unit or the fuel supply unit; or, in the plurality of second spray guns, part of the second spray guns are single-channel spray guns which are connected with the reducing agent supply unit, the other part of the second spray guns are double-channel spray guns, the inner channels of the second spray guns are connected with the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the outer channels of the second spray guns are connected with the reducing agent supply unit or the fuel supply unit.

Further, the top of the side blowing zone is also provided with a plurality of complementary heat burners.

Further, along the length direction of the sedimentation tank, the ratio of the length of the side blowing area to the length of the electric heating area is 0.5-3:1; and/or the side blowing area is flush with the bottom wall of the electric heating area, or the bottom wall of the electric heating area is lower than the bottom wall of the side blowing area; the top of the side blowing area is higher than the top of the electrothermal area.

Further, when the bottom wall of the electric heating area is lower than the bottom wall of the side blowing area, the height difference between the electric heating area and the side blowing area is 100-500 mm.

The suspension side-blowing electric heating smelting furnace provided by the utility model organically combines the suspension smelting technology, the side-blowing molten pool smelting technology and the electric heating temperature raising sedimentation technology, and effectively solves the problems of unbalanced energy and quality, high slag iron content, low reaction efficiency and the like in the current flash furnace smelting process.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a smelting furnace according to an embodiment of the utility model.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a suspension reaction tower; 101. mineral aggregate injection port to be smelted; 102. a first spray gun; 11. a preheating zone; 12. a reduction zone; 13. a melting zone; 20. a sedimentation tank; 21. a side blowing area; 22. an electric heating zone; 201. a second spray gun; 202. heating the electrode; 203. supplementary heating burner; 204. a smoke outlet; 205. a metal discharge port; 206. a slag loading port; 207. a slag outlet; 30. and (5) raising the flue.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

As described in the background art, the existing flash furnace smelting process has the problems of insufficient smelting, too high valuable metal content in slag and resource waste. In order to solve the above problems, the present utility model provides a smelting furnace including a suspension reaction tower 10 and a settling tank 20 integrally provided, as shown in fig. 1, and also including a reducing agent supply unit, a fuel supply unit, and an oxygen-containing gas supply unit; wherein: the top of the suspension reaction tower 10 is provided with a mineral aggregate injection port 101 to be smelted, the top and/or the side part of the suspension reaction tower 10 is also provided with a plurality of first spray guns 102, each first spray gun 102 is independently connected with at least one of a reducing agent supply unit, a fuel supply unit or an oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the suspension reaction tower 10 is used for carrying out suspension smelting reaction on the mineral aggregate to be smelted; the sedimentation tank 20 has a horizontal structure, and along the length direction of the sedimentation tank 20, the sedimentation tank 20 comprises a side blowing area 21 and an electric heating area 22 which are communicated, wherein the top of the side blowing area 21 is directly communicated with the bottom of the suspension reaction tower 10; a plurality of second spray guns 201 are arranged on the side wall of the side blowing area 21, and a heating electrode 202 is arranged in the electric heating area 22; the second lances 201 are each independently connected to at least one of a reductant supply unit, a fuel supply unit, and an oxygen-containing gas; in a preferred embodiment, the top of the electrothermal area 22 is also provided with a reducing agent charging port, or a third spray gun connected to a reducing agent supply unit; the top of the electric heating zone 22 is also provided with a smoke outlet 204, the bottom is also provided with a metal discharge outlet 205, and the side is also provided with an upper slag outlet 206 and a lower slag outlet 207 (the height of the upper slag outlet 206 is higher than that of the lower slag outlet 207).

In the actual operation process, the mineral aggregate to be smelted can be sprayed into the suspension reaction tower 10 through the mineral aggregate spraying inlet 101 to be smelted to be in a dispersion state, and a plurality of first spray guns 102 are further arranged at the top and/or the side part of the suspension reaction tower 10 and can spray reducing agent, fuel and oxygen-containing gas in different areas to realize temperature and atmosphere control of the material in different areas, so that suspension smelting reaction is realized in the suspension reaction tower 10, and primary reduction of metal in the mineral aggregate and material melting are realized. The smelting melt produced in the suspension reaction tower 10 directly falls into the side blowing zone 21, and one or more of a reducing agent, fuel and oxygen-containing gas can be further blown into the slag layer of the molten pool due to the arrangement of the second spray gun 201 in the zone, and valuable metals in the slag layer can be efficiently reduced by utilizing excellent metallurgical dynamics conditions of the smelting of the molten pool while supplementing heat. The good metallurgical dynamics condition also effectively relieves the formation of furnace knots by deposition of high-melting-point substances, ensures the volume of a sedimentation tank, further ensures the depletion and sedimentation of valuable metals, has small field operation pressure and is easier to implement. The smelting products produced in the side-blown zone 21 are further fed to an electric heating zone 22 where the heat required for reaction and temperature raising can be further provided by heating the electrodes. And the characteristics of easy heat supplement, relatively calm and weak stirring of the electric heating zone molten pool are utilized, so that the valuable metals physically lost in the slag layer can be further and efficiently settled, and the valuable metals in the slag can be further reduced, thereby realizing the deep recovery of the valuable metals.

Therefore, the suspension side-blowing electric heating smelting furnace provided by the utility model organically combines the suspension smelting technology, the side-blowing molten pool smelting technology and the electric heating temperature raising sedimentation technology, and effectively solves the problems of unbalanced energy quality, high slag iron content, low reaction efficiency and the like in the current flash furnace smelting process. The suspended side-blowing electrothermal smelting furnace can be used for treating sulfide mineral materials and oxide mineral materials.

The third spray gun can be arranged to further add a reducing agent in the electrothermal region to promote further electrothermal reduction of the slag layer, and finally settle into a metal layer and a slag layer, wherein the metal layer can be discharged from the metal discharge port 205, the slag can be discharged from the slag feeding port 206 or the slag discharging port 207, and the slag feeding port and the slag discharging port can be selected to discharge according to the liquid level in the furnace in the actual operation process

In a preferred embodiment, the suspension reaction tower 10 is divided into a preheating zone 11, a reduction zone 12 and a melting zone 13 from top to bottom in sequence, the plurality of first spray guns 102 comprises at least three groups, each group of first spray guns 102 comprises at least two first spray guns 102, wherein the preheating zone 11, the reduction zone 12 and the melting zone 13 are respectively provided with at least one group of first spray guns 102. Thus, after the ore materials to be smelted enter the suspension reaction tower 10 in a dispersion state, preheating is carried out in the preheating zone 11, preliminary reduction is carried out in the reduction zone 12, and then the ore materials enter the melting zone 13 to be melted to form a melt. In the specific implementation process, the injected materials of the first spray gun 102 can be adjusted according to the functions of different areas, preferably, the first spray gun 102 arranged in the preheating zone 11 is connected with a fuel supply unit and an oxygen-containing gas supply unit; wherein, the first spray gun 102 arranged in the preheating zone 11 is a double-channel spray gun, the inner channel of which is connected with the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the outer channel of which is connected with the fuel supply unit; alternatively, the first lance 102 disposed in the preheating zone 11 is a single-channel lance, one part of which is connected to the oxygen-containing gas supply unit and the other part of which is connected to the fuel supply unit; thus, the preheating function is realized; one part of the first spray guns 102 arranged in the reduction zone 12 is a single-channel spray gun and connected with a reducing agent supply unit, the other part is a double-channel spray gun, the inner channel of the double-channel spray gun is connected with an oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the outer channel of the double-channel spray gun is connected with a fuel supply unit; alternatively, the first lance 102 disposed in the reduction zone 12 is a three-way lance, the inner layer passage of which is connected to the reducing agent supply unit, the middle layer passage is connected to the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the outer layer passage is connected to the reducing agent supply unit or the fuel supply unit; therefore, the preliminary reduction of the preheated material is realized, and the heat can be supplemented for the preliminary reduction process, so that the reduction is more sufficient; one part of the first spray guns 102 arranged in the melting zone 13 is a single-channel spray gun and connected with a reducing agent supply unit, the other part is a double-channel spray gun, the inner channel of the double-channel spray gun is connected with an oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the outer channel of the double-channel spray gun is connected with a fuel supply unit; alternatively, the first lance 102 provided in the melting zone 13 is a three-way lance, the inner layer passage of which is connected to the reducing agent supply unit, the middle layer passage is connected to the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the outer layer passage is connected to the reducing agent supply unit or the fuel supply unit. Therefore, the primary reduced material can be melted, the reduction degree is further deepened, and the method has better promotion effect on valuable metal reduction recovery.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the suspension side-blowing electrothermal smelting furnace further comprises a rising flue 30, wherein the rising flue 30 is arranged at the top of the side-blowing zone 21 and is communicated with the side-blowing zone 21, the rising flue 30 is arranged at one end of the side-blowing zone 21 close to the electrothermal zone 22, and the suspension reaction tower 10 is arranged at one end of the side-blowing zone 21 far away from the electrothermal zone 22. Thus, the smelting melt can fall into the side blowing area 21 from one end far away from the electric heating area 22, and the flue gas is discharged from the other end, so that the smelting of a molten pool is more favorable for fully proceeding.

More preferably, the rising flue 30 and the sedimentation tank 20 are also integrally arranged, and a side wall of the rising flue 30 near the electric heating area 22 extends into the sedimentation tank 20 to form a partition wall between the side blowing area 21 and the electric heating area 22. A communication channel is provided between the partition wall and the bottom wall of the sedimentation tank to facilitate the flow of the smelting products into the electric heating zone 22.

In a preferred embodiment, the second lances 201 are each independently connected to at least one of a reductant supply unit, a fuel supply unit and an oxygen-containing gas supply unit. One or more of reductant, fuel and oxygen-containing gas may be selectively injected through second lance 201 to provide the dynamic conditions and desired atmosphere for molten bath smelting. In a specific spray gun arrangement, the second spray gun 201 is a three-channel integrated spray gun, an inner layer channel of which is connected with a reducing agent supply unit, an intermediate layer channel of which is connected with an oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and an outer layer channel of which is connected with the reducing agent supply unit or a fuel supply unit; alternatively, some of the second lances 201 are single-channel lances connected to the reducing agent supply unit, and the other is a double-channel lance, the inner channels of which are connected to the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the outer channels of which are connected to the reducing agent supply unit or the fuel supply unit.

In order to further supplement the heat in the smelting reaction process of the molten pool, the top of the side blowing area 21 is also provided with a plurality of heat supplementing burners 203. The arrangement is convenient for more sufficient reduction and recovery of valuable metals, and reduces the viscosity of the slag layer, so that the metals are easier to settle and separate.

Considering further balancing the duration of bath smelting and electrothermal settling, the settling separation of the metal and slag layer is promoted on the basis of ensuring efficient reduction of bath smelting, in a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the length of the side-blown zone 21 to the length of the electrothermal zone 22 is 0.5-3:1 along the length of the precipitation tank 20. Further, it is preferable that the side-blowing region 21 is flush with the bottom wall of the electrothermal region 22, or the bottom wall of the electrothermal region 22 is lower than the bottom wall of the side-blowing region 21; the top of the side blowing area 21 is higher than the top of the electrothermal area 22. The side blow zone 21 is higher in roof in order to accommodate the higher splash of this section. The lower roof of the electric heating zone 22 can improve the heat energy utilization efficiency and reduce the construction investment. In practice, it is preferable that the bottom wall of the electric heating zone 22 is lower than the bottom wall of the side-blowing zone 21 to facilitate melt flow, and the height difference is preferably controlled to be in the range of 100 to 500mm, and the specific connection structure between the two zones includes, but is not limited to, a step structure or a slope structure.

The suspension side-blowing electric heating smelting furnace provided by the utility model can be applied to smelting of oxide and sulfide minerals, such as various metal mineral materials including iron, copper, nickel, lead, solid waste and the like.

According to another aspect of the present utility model, there is also provided a method for smelting iron-based minerals using the above-described suspension side-blown electrothermal smelting furnace, the smelting method comprising the steps of: taking compressed air or inert gas as a carrier, spraying iron-based minerals and flux from the top of the suspension reaction tower 10 through a mineral material injection port 101 to be smelted, and simultaneously spraying at least one of a reducing agent, fuel or oxygen-containing gas into the suspension reaction tower 10 through a first spray gun 102 so as to enable the iron-based minerals to carry out suspension smelting reaction; the smelting melt obtained by the suspension smelting reaction directly falls into a side blowing area 21 of a sedimentation tank 20 through the bottom of a suspension reaction tower 10, and at least one of a reducing agent, fuel or oxygen-containing gas is further blown into a slag layer of the side blowing area 21 through a second spray gun 201 so as to enable the smelting melt to carry out a molten pool smelting reaction; the smelting product obtained by the smelting reaction of the molten pool enters an electrothermal area 22 of the sedimentation tank 20 and is subjected to electrothermal reduction under the heating of a heating electrode 202, so that molten iron and slag are obtained.

As described above, in the actual operation process, compressed air or inert gas (such as nitrogen) can spray iron-based minerals and flux into the suspension reaction tower 10 through the mineral material injection port 101 to be smelted and present dispersion state, and a plurality of first spray guns 102 are further arranged at the top and/or the side of the suspension reaction tower 10, so that reducing agent, fuel and oxygen-containing gas can be sprayed into the regions, and temperature and atmosphere control of materials in different regions can be realized, thereby realizing suspension smelting reaction in the suspension reaction tower 10, and realizing primary reduction of iron and other valuable metals in the mineral material and melting of the materials. In the suspension smelting process of the first section, the reduction rate of iron can reach more than 45 percent. The smelting melt produced in the suspension reaction tower 10 directly falls into the side blowing zone 21, and one or more of a reducing agent, fuel and oxygen-containing gas can be further blown into the slag layer of the molten pool due to the arrangement of the second spray gun 201 in the zone, and valuable metals in the slag layer can be efficiently reduced by utilizing excellent metallurgical dynamics conditions of the smelting of the molten pool while supplementing heat. The good metallurgical dynamics condition also effectively relieves the formation of furnace knots by deposition of high-melting-point substances, ensures the volume of a sedimentation tank, further ensures the depletion and sedimentation of valuable metals, has small field operation pressure and is easier to implement. By utilizing the side-blown molten pool for smelting, the reduction rate of iron can reach more than 90 percent. The smelting products produced in the side-blown zone 21 are further fed to an electric heating zone 22 where the heat required for reaction and temperature raising can be further provided by heating the electrodes. The characteristics of easy heat supplement, relatively calm and weak stirring of the electric heating area molten pool are utilized, the valuable metals physically lost in the slag layer can be further and efficiently settled, meanwhile, the valuable metals in the slag can be further reduced, the deep recovery of the valuable metals is realized, the reduction rate of iron is up to more than 99%, and finally the molten iron and the slag with extremely low valuable metal content are obtained.

The utility model organically combines the suspension smelting technology, the side-blowing molten pool smelting technology and the electric heating temperature raising sedimentation technology, and the technology directly utilizes powdery materials, and has the chemical kinetics advantages of large gas-solid contact area, rapid mass and heat transfer and rapid reaction speed in the reduction process, and the reaction speed is high, the thermal strength is high and the dynamics condition is good in the molten pool smelting process; valuable metals can be deeply recovered in the electrothermal area, and the economy is good. Therefore, the iron-based mineral can be smelted efficiently, in a short flow, with low cost and in an environment-friendly way, the full separation of metal and slag is realized, and the problems of insufficient smelting, too high valuable metal content in slag and resource waste in the existing smelting process of the flash furnace are effectively solved.

In a preferred embodiment, the suspension reaction tower 10 is divided into a preheating zone 11, a reduction zone 12 and a melting zone 13 from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the temperature of the preheating zone 11 is controlled to be 600-1000 ℃, the temperature of the reduction zone 12 is controlled to be 1000-1450 ℃ and the temperature of the melting zone 13 is controlled to be 1450-1650 ℃ in the suspension smelting reaction process. In the falling process of the iron-based minerals and fluxes in the hearth of the suspension reaction tower 10, the iron-based minerals and fluxes pass through three areas, a preheating area, a reduction area and a melting area, are heated and rapidly reduced by high-temperature reducing gas in a falling time of a few seconds, and then drop into a molten pool. The temperature of each zone is controlled within the range, which is favorable for fully completing primary reduction and melting, and has better promotion effect on the reduction and separation of iron of the whole iron-based mineral.

Preferably, the fuel and the oxygen-containing gas are injected thereinto through the first lance 102 provided in the preheating zone 11 to control the temperature of the preheating zone 11; injecting fuel, oxygen-containing gas and reducing agent into the reduction zone 12 through a first spray gun 102 arranged in the reduction zone 12 to control the temperature of the reduction zone 12 and enable the iron-based minerals to perform primary suspension smelting reaction; the iron-based minerals are subjected to a further suspension smelting reaction by injecting fuel, oxygen-containing gas and a reducing agent into the melting zone 13 through a first lance 102 provided in the melting zone 13 to control the temperature of the melting zone 13, and the resulting smelting products are melted to form a smelting melt. Therefore, the fuel injected into the preheating zone can promote the iron-based minerals and the flux to be quickly preheated, then enters the reduction zone to be subjected to preliminary reduction under the action of the fuel heat of the reducing agent, and finally, after the melt is further reduced deeply and melted into the melt, the melt falls into the sedimentation tank. Specifically, the first spray gun 102 disposed in the preheating zone 11 may be disposed at the top and/or side of the suspension reaction tower 10, and the first spray guns 102 in the other two zones may be disposed at the side of the suspension reaction tower 10.

In order to make the molten pool smelting process more efficient and further improve the reduction rate of iron, in a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the side blowing area 21 is controlled to be 1550-1650 ℃ in the molten pool smelting reaction process;

Preferably, the second lance 201 is a three-channel integrated lance, injects the reducing agent into the slag layer of the side-blowing zone 21 through its inner channel, injects the oxygen-containing gas into the slag layer of the side-blowing zone 21 through its middle channel, and injects the reducing agent or fuel into the slag layer of the side-blowing zone 21 through its outer channel; alternatively, some of the second lances 201 are single-channel lances for injecting the reducing agent into the slag layer of the side-blowing zone 21, and the other is a double-channel lance for injecting the oxygen-containing gas into the slag layer of the side-blowing zone 21 through the inner-layer channels thereof and injecting the reducing agent or fuel into the slag layer of the side-blowing zone 21 through the outer-layer channels thereof. Preferably, the side-blowing zone 21 is supplemented with heat by the supplemental heating burners 203 to maintain the temperature of the side-blowing zone 21. The second spray gun is arranged on the slag layer, so that combustion and reduction occur in slag, the heat utilization rate is improved, the stirring heat transfer rate of a molten pool can be improved, reduction of most of iron can be realized, heat absorption and heat supplement for reduction can be realized, and the bottom molten iron cannot be involved in slag again. Preferably, coke is added to the molten bath during the bath smelting reaction to carburize the material during penetration. The coke is added on the one hand to further reduce iron oxide and on the other hand as a carburant to enable the molten iron reduced by the suspension tower to pass through the coke layer, so that the carbon content of the molten iron becomes high, the melting point becomes low, and the subsequent operation and component requirements are facilitated. In the specific adding process, the mineral aggregate to be smelted can be added through an inlet 101 above the suspension reaction tower, or can be sprayed from a side blowing area 21 of the sedimentation tank 20. The addition amount of the coke can be adjusted according to the carbon content of the molten iron, and preferably, the carbon content of the molten iron is about 4%.

In a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the electric heating zone 22 is controlled to be 1550-1780 ℃ during the electric heating reduction process; preferably, during electrothermal reduction, bulk reductant is added to the electrothermal region 22 through a reductant feed port at the top thereof, or the reductant is injected into the electrothermal region through a third lance. The electrothermal sedimentation is carried out at the temperature, so that the sedimentation efficiency is better, and the electrothermal reduction can be deepened by further adding the reducing agent, so that the reduction rate of iron is improved. In the specific implementation process, the massive reducing agent is added into the slag layer through a reducing agent charging port, or the reducing agent is blown into the slag layer through a third spray gun by taking inert gas as a carrier, so that the deep reduction of valuable metal oxides such as iron in the slag and the static sedimentation of mixed metals in the slag are realized, and molten iron is obtained.

Preferably, the massive reducing agent is one or more of massive coal, coke, petroleum coke, silicomanganese, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese; the injected reducing agent is powdery reducing agent and/or gas reducing agent, preferably one or more of pulverized coal, coke powder, petroleum coke powder, graphite powder, natural gas, coal gas and hydrogen; the fuel is one or more of natural gas, heavy oil, coal dust, coal gas, hydrogen, coke powder and gasoline; the oxygen-containing gas is oxygen-enriched air (the oxygen concentration is 40-100%) or oxygen; the iron-based mineral is one or more of iron concentrate, vanadium titano-magnetite, sea sand ore, high-phosphorus iron ore, laterite-nickel ore (accompanied by iron ore) and iron-containing solid waste, preferably one or more of red mud, copper smelting slag and copper depleted slag; the flux is a calcareous flux, preferably quicklime and/or limestone.

In the above materials, if the materials are gases, the corresponding spray guns are directly adopted for spraying, and if the materials are powder solid materials, the specific spraying forms which are not mentioned above can be adopted for spraying by adopting inert gases such as nitrogen, argon and the like as carrier gases. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, they are not described in detail herein.

In a preferred embodiment, the dosing process is in accordance with the following principle: iron-based minerals and fluxes are prepared according to binary alkalinity CaO/SiO ₂ Dosing, i.e. CaO in flux weight/SiO in mineral ₂ Content=0.5 to 1.5. According to the above proportioning mode, the separation of metal and slag is more facilitated,and the melting point of the material is relatively low, thereby being beneficial to saving energy consumption and improving the reduction effect.

In order to further improve the smelting efficiency in the suspension reaction tower during actual smelting, in a preferred embodiment, the smelting process further comprises, before injecting the iron-based mineral and the flux through the mineral material injection port 101 to be smelted: dehydrating the iron-based minerals and the flux until the water content is lower than 1wt%; grinding the dehydrated iron-based mineral and flux until the granularity is less than 150 mu m.

The temperature of the flue gas produced in the smelting process is generally 1400-1700 ℃, and the flue gas can be sequentially subjected to secondary combustion to remove entrained CO and H ₂ And combustible gas, waste heat boiler recovery waste heat power generation, purification treatment (dust removal, desulfurization) and the like are performed, so that the waste gas can reach the emission standard, and the collected smoke dust can be returned to the batching stage.

In a word, the method provided by the utility model for treating the iron-based mineral has the following beneficial effects:

1. the process can be widely applied to poor iron ore, vanadium titano-magnetite, sea sand ore, high-phosphorus iron ore, common iron ore, laterite nickel ore and the like, and iron-containing solid wastes such as red mud, copper slag, various iron-containing slag and the like, and has strong raw material adaptability; the technology does not need a sintering process of a pelletizer, shortens the process flow and has high recovery rate of valuable elements.

2. The utility model relates to a novel high-efficiency short-flow iron-making technology integrating a suspension smelting technology, a molten pool smelting technology and an electrothermal reduction technology. The first section is a suspension smelting area, and has the characteristics of good dynamic conditions and high reduction speed; the second section is a smelting reduction zone of a side-blown molten pool, so that the heat efficiency is high, the stirring capability is high, and the reaction speed is high; and the third stage of electrothermal reduction zone can deeply reduce residual valuable elements and complete the sedimentation of metals in slag, so as to improve the recovery rate of metals.

The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Example 1:

the iron-based minerals (high phosphorus ores, the components and the content of which are shown in the table below) are treated by adopting the suspension side-blowing electric heating smelting furnace shown in fig. 1, and the specific process is as follows:

TABLE 1

Component (A)	TFe	P	CaO	SiO ₂	MgO
						wt％	46.65	0.81	5.52	10.02	0.76
Component (A)	Al ₂ O ₃	Fe ₂ O ₃	P ₂ O ₅
						wt％	5.97	64.34	1.90

Taking the high phosphorus ore as a raw material, taking quicklime as a flux, dehydrating to 0.5%, and grinding the granularity to 75 microns; the flux ratio is based on the binary alkalinity (CaO content in flux/SiO in material) ₂ Content), adjusting binary alkalinity CaO/SiO ₂ =0.8. The raw materials fed into the furnace are premixed according to a binary alkalinity scheme and then sprayed into a suspension reaction tower through a nozzle by means of compressed air, and are distributed in a dispersion mode. The suspension reaction tower respectively passes through a preheating zone, a reduction zone and a melting zone, the temperatures are 800 ℃, 1300 ℃ and 1550 ℃, oxygen-enriched air (70% oxygen) and natural gas are sprayed by a spray gun in the preheating zone, and oxygen-enriched air (70% oxygen), natural gas and coal dust are sprayed in the reduction zone and the melting zone. The smelting melt (the reduction rate of iron oxide to metal is controlled at 60%) from the suspension reaction tower falls into a side blowing zone in a liquid state for side blowing molten pool smelting. The temperature of the area is controlled at 1580 ℃, and an integrated spray gun is selected as the spray gun: oxygen enrichment (oxygen concentration 80%), fuel (coal dust) and reducing agent (coal dust) are sprayed by the spray gun, so that 95% reduction of metal oxide in the iron-containing material is realized; slag and molten iron generated in the side blowing area enter an electrothermal reduction section, a reducing agent adding mode can be that the reducing agent (lump coal) is added in a furnace top feeding mode, and finally, deep reduction of valuable metal oxides such as iron in slag and static sedimentation of mixed metal in slag are realized, so that molten iron is obtained; the operation temperature of the electrothermal reduction section is 1600 ℃, the reduction rate of iron is 98.5%, the recovery rate is 97%, the flue gas temperature is 1580 ℃, and molten iron and slag are discharged regularly.

Example 2:

the iron-based minerals (vanadium titano-magnetite, the components and the content of which are shown in the table below) are treated by adopting the suspension side-blowing electric heating smelting furnace shown in fig. 1, and the specific process is as follows:

TABLE 2

Component (A)	TFe	V ₂ O ₅	TiO ₂	CaO	SiO ₂	MgO
							wt％	55.08	1.74	13.78	0.07	1.46	1.00
Component (A)	Al ₂ O ₃	Fe ₂ O ₃	P ₂ O ₅	FeO
							wt％	3.83	69.6	0.3	8.24

Taking vanadium titano-magnetite as a raw material, taking limestone as a flux, dehydrating to 0.4%, and grinding the granularity to 95 microns; the flux ratio is based on the binary alkalinity (CaO content in flux/SiO in material) ₂ Content), adjusting binary alkalinity CaO/SiO ₂ =0.8. The raw materials fed into the furnace are premixed according to a binary alkalinity scheme and then sprayed into a suspension reaction tower through a nozzle to be dispersed. The suspension reaction tower respectively passes through a preheating zone, a reduction zone and a melting zone, the temperatures are 900 ℃, 1350 ℃ and 1500 ℃, oxygen enrichment (80% concentration oxygen) and coal dust are sprayed by a spray gun in the preheating zone, and oxygen enrichment (70% concentration oxygen), coal dust and hydrogen are sprayed in the reduction zone and the melting zone. The smelting melt (the reduction rate of iron oxide into metal is controlled to be 50%) from the suspension reaction tower falls into a side blowing zone in a liquid state for side blowing molten pool smelting. The temperature of the area is controlled at 1550 ℃, and a split spray gun is selected as a spray gun: a spray gun sprays coal dust by taking nitrogen as carrier gas; a spray gun is a double-channel spray gun, and oxygen enrichment (oxygen concentration is 60%) and natural gas are sprayed to realize 95% reduction of metal oxides in iron-containing materials; slag and molten iron generated in the side blowing area enter an electrothermal reduction section, a reducing agent adding mode can be that the reducing agent (lump coal) is added in a furnace top feeding mode, and finally, deep reduction of valuable metal oxides such as iron in slag and static sedimentation of mixed metal in slag are realized, so that molten iron is obtained; the operation temperature of the electrothermal reduction section is 1650 ℃, the reduction rate of iron is 99%, the recovery rate is 95.5%, the flue gas temperature is 1600 ℃, and molten iron and slag are discharged regularly.

Example 3:

the iron-based minerals (iron concentrate, the components and the content of which are shown in the table below) are treated by adopting the suspension side-blowing electric heating smelting furnace shown in fig. 1, and the specific process is as follows:

TABLE 3 Table 3

Component (A)	TFe	FeO	MgO	CaO	SiO ₂	Al ₂ O ₃
							wt％	65.27	18.36	0.17	0.06	4.86	0.39

Taking iron concentrate as a raw material, taking quicklime as a flux, dehydrating to 0.2%, and grinding the granularity to 100 microns; the flux ratio is based on the binary alkalinity (CaO content in flux/SiO in material) ₂ Content), adjusting binary alkalinity CaO/SiO ₂ =1.0. The raw materials fed into the furnace are premixed according to a binary alkalinity scheme and then sprayed into a suspension reaction tower through a nozzle to be dispersed. Respectively pass through a preheating zone, a reduction zone and a melting zone in the suspension reaction tower, and the temperature is highOxygen enriched (80% oxygen) and coal gas are blown by spray guns in the preheating area at 700 ℃, 1350 ℃ and 1600 ℃ respectively, and oxygen enriched (80% oxygen), hydrogen and coal dust are blown in the reduction area and the melting area. The smelting melt (the reduction rate of iron oxide to metal is controlled at 70%) from the suspension reaction tower falls into a side blowing zone in a liquid state for side blowing molten pool smelting. The temperature of the area is controlled at 1650 ℃, and an integrated spray gun is selected as the spray gun: the spray gun sprays oxygen-enriched (oxygen concentration 80%), fuel (natural gas) and reducing agent (hydrogen), so as to realize 93% reduction of metal oxide in the iron-containing material; slag and molten iron generated in the side blowing area enter an electrothermal reduction section, a reducing agent adding mode can be that the reducing agent (lump coal) is added in a furnace top feeding mode, and finally, deep reduction of valuable metal oxides such as iron in slag and static sedimentation of mixed metal in slag are realized, so that molten iron is obtained; the operation temperature of the electrothermal reduction section is 1650 ℃, the reduction rate of iron is 99%, the recovery rate is 97%, the flue gas temperature is 1600 ℃, and molten iron and slag are discharged regularly.

Example 4:

the iron-based minerals (red mud, the components and the content of which are shown in the table below) are treated by adopting the suspension side-blowing electric heating smelting furnace shown in fig. 1, and the specific process is as follows:

TABLE 4 Table 4

Component (A)	TFe	Na ₂ O	TiO ₂	CaO	SiO ₂	MgO
							wt％	46.77	1.02	5.35	0.19	1.93	0.14
Component (A)	Al ₂ O ₃	S	P	FeO	K2O
							wt％	12.45	0.03	0.06	0.38	0.05

Taking red mud as a raw material, taking limestone as a flux, dehydrating to 0.2%, and grinding to 65 microns; the flux ratio is based on the binary alkalinity (CaO content in flux/SiO in material) ₂ Content), adjusting binary alkalinity CaO/SiO ₂ =0.8. The raw materials fed into the furnace are premixed according to a binary alkalinity scheme and then sprayed into a suspension reaction tower through a nozzle to be dispersed. The suspension reaction tower respectively passes through a preheating zone, a reduction zone and a melting zone, the temperatures are 900 ℃, 1350 ℃ and 1500 ℃ respectively, and the suspension reaction tower is preheatedOxygen-enriched (80% concentration oxygen) and coal gas are blown by the regional spray gun, and oxygen-enriched (70% concentration oxygen), heavy oil and coal dust are blown in the reduction region and the melting region. The smelting melt (the reduction rate of iron oxide to metal is controlled at 80%) from the suspension reaction tower falls into a side blowing zone in a liquid state for side blowing molten pool smelting. The temperature of the area is controlled at 1550 ℃, and a split spray gun is selected as a spray gun: a spray gun sprays hydrogen; a spray gun is a double-channel spray gun, and oxygen enrichment (oxygen concentration is 60%) and natural gas are sprayed to realize 95% reduction of metal oxides in iron-containing materials; slag and molten iron generated in the side blowing area enter an electrothermal reduction section, a reducing agent adding mode can be that the reducing agent (lump coal) is added in a furnace top feeding mode, and finally, deep reduction of valuable metal oxides such as iron in slag and static sedimentation of mixed metal in slag are realized, so that molten iron is obtained; the operation temperature of the electrothermal reduction section is 1650 ℃, the reduction rate of iron is 99%, the recovery rate is 94%, the flue gas temperature is 1600 ℃, and molten iron and slag are discharged regularly.

Comparative example 1

On the basis of example 1, the side-blowing lance in the side-blowing zone was eliminated, the remainder remaining the same as in example 1. The reduction rate of the final iron was 80%, and the recovery rate was 78%.

Comparative example 2

On the basis of example 1, the heating electrode of the electrothermal region and the addition of the electrothermal region reducing agent were canceled, and only sedimentation treatment was performed. The reduction rate of the final iron was 93%, and the recovery rate was 90%.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The smelting furnace is characterized by comprising a suspension reaction tower (10) and a sedimentation tank (20) which are integrally arranged, and further comprising a reducing agent supply unit, a fuel supply unit and an oxygen-containing gas supply unit; wherein:

the top of the suspension reaction tower (10) is provided with a mineral aggregate injection port (101) to be smelted, the top and/or the side part of the suspension reaction tower is also provided with a plurality of first spray guns (102), each first spray gun (102) is independently connected with at least one of the reducing agent supply unit, the fuel supply unit or the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the suspension reaction tower (10) is used for carrying out suspension smelting reaction on the mineral aggregate to be smelted;

The sedimentation tank (20) is of a horizontal structure, and the sedimentation tank (20) comprises a side blowing area (21) and an electric heating area (22) which are communicated with each other along the length direction of the sedimentation tank (20), wherein the top of the side blowing area (21) is directly communicated with the bottom of the suspension reaction tower (10); a plurality of second spray guns (201) are arranged on the side wall of the side blowing area (21), and heating electrodes (202) are arranged in the electric heating area (22); the second spray guns (201) are respectively and independently connected with at least one of the reducing agent supply unit, the fuel supply unit and the oxygen-containing gas; the top of the electrothermal area (22) is also provided with a reducing agent charging port or a third spray gun connected with the reducing agent supply unit; the top of the electric heating zone (22) is also provided with a smoke outlet (204), the bottom is also provided with a metal discharge outlet (205), and the side part is also provided with an upper slag outlet (206) and a lower slag outlet (207).

2. Smelting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the suspension reaction tower (10) is divided into a preheating zone (11), a reduction zone (12) and a melting zone (13) in sequence from top to bottom, the plurality of first lances (102) comprises at least three groups, each group of first lances (102) comprises at least two first lances (102) respectively, wherein the preheating zone (11), the reduction zone (12) and the melting zone (13) are provided with at least one group of first lances (102) respectively.

3. A smelting furnace according to claim 2, wherein,

the first spray gun (102) arranged in the preheating zone (11) is connected with the fuel supply unit and the oxygen-containing gas supply unit; wherein the first spray gun (102) arranged in the preheating zone (11) is a double-channel spray gun, an inner layer channel of the first spray gun is connected with the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and an outer layer channel of the first spray gun is connected with the fuel supply unit; or alternatively, the process may be performed,

the first spray gun (102) arranged in the preheating zone (11) is a single-channel spray gun, one part of the first spray gun is connected with the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the other part of the first spray gun is connected with the fuel supply unit;

one part of the first spray gun (102) arranged in the reduction zone (12) is a single-channel spray gun and is connected with the reducing agent supply unit, the other part is a double-channel spray gun, an inner channel of the first spray gun is connected with the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and an outer channel of the first spray gun is connected with the fuel supply unit; alternatively, the first lance (102) disposed in the reduction zone (12) is a three-way lance, an inner layer passage of which is connected to the reducing agent supply unit, an intermediate layer passage of which is connected to the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and an outer layer passage of which is connected to the reducing agent supply unit or the fuel supply unit;

One part of the first spray gun (102) arranged in the melting zone (13) is a single-channel spray gun and is connected with the reducing agent supply unit, the other part is a double-channel spray gun, an inner channel of the first spray gun is connected with the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and an outer channel of the first spray gun is connected with the fuel supply unit; alternatively, the first lance (102) provided in the melting zone (13) is a three-way lance, an inner layer passage of which is connected to the reducing agent supply unit, an intermediate layer passage of which is connected to the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and an outer layer passage of which is connected to the reducing agent supply unit or the fuel supply unit.

4. A smelting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the smelting furnace further comprises a rising flue (30), the rising flue (30) is arranged at the top of the side-blowing zone (21) and is communicated with the side-blowing zone, the rising flue (30) is arranged at one end of the side-blowing zone (21) close to the electric heating zone (22), and the suspension reaction tower (10) is arranged at one end of the side-blowing zone (21) far away from the electric heating zone (22).

5. Smelting furnace according to claim 4, wherein the uptake (30) is also integrated with the sedimentation tank (20) and the side wall of the uptake (30) near the electrothermal zone (22) extends into the sedimentation tank (20) to form a partition between the side-blown zone (21) and the electrothermal zone (22).

6. A smelting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second lances (201) are each independently connected to at least one of the reductant supply unit, the fuel supply unit and the oxygen-containing gas supply unit.

7. A smelting furnace according to claim 6, wherein,

the second spray gun (201) is a three-channel integrated spray gun, an inner layer channel of the second spray gun is connected with the reducing agent supply unit, an intermediate layer channel of the second spray gun is connected with the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and an outer layer channel of the second spray gun is connected with the reducing agent supply unit or the fuel supply unit; or alternatively, the process may be performed,

and in the plurality of second spray guns (201), part of the second spray guns is a single-channel spray gun which is connected with the reducing agent supply unit, the other part of the second spray guns is a double-channel spray gun, the inner channel of the second spray gun is connected with the oxygen-containing gas supply unit, and the outer channel of the second spray gun is connected with the reducing agent supply unit or the fuel supply unit.

8. Smelting furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that the top of the side-blowing zone (21) is also provided with a plurality of complementary heat burners (203).

9. A smelting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ratio of the length of the side-blowing zone (21) to the length of the electrothermal zone (22) along the length of the sedimentation tank (20) is 0.5-3:1; and/or the side blowing area (21) is flush with the bottom wall of the electric heating area (22), or the bottom wall of the electric heating area (22) is lower than the bottom wall of the side blowing area (21); the top of the side blowing area (21) is higher than the top of the electric heating area (22).

10. Smelting furnace according to claim 9, wherein the height difference between the electric heating zone (22) and the side blowing zone (21) is 100-500 mm when the bottom wall of the electric heating zone (22) is lower than the bottom wall of the side blowing zone (21).