CN213784339U - Biological multi-purpose mutual-aid farmland ecological system - Google Patents
Biological multi-purpose mutual-aid farmland ecological system Download PDFInfo
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- CN213784339U CN213784339U CN202022226306.2U CN202022226306U CN213784339U CN 213784339 U CN213784339 U CN 213784339U CN 202022226306 U CN202022226306 U CN 202022226306U CN 213784339 U CN213784339 U CN 213784339U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a biological farmland ecosystem that perches each other more belongs to agricultural ecological environment technical field, including ecological wide ridge, ecological ditch, ecological field face, earthworm cultivation area buttress, land inhaul space, ecological pond, the periphery of ecological field face sets up ecological ditch, and the periphery of ecological ditch sets up ecological wide ridge, sets up earthworm cultivation area buttress in ecological field face, sets up land inhaul space on the ecological field face, and one side outside on ecological wide ridge sets up ecological pond, and ecological pond is in farmland drainage one side. The utility model discloses furthest's improvement farmland ecosystem's utilization of resources efficiency reduces the application amount of chemical fertilizer, pesticide by a wide margin, reduces environmental damage and pollution. By utilizing different ecological niches where organisms are located, beneficial ecological service functions are exerted, species in a farmland ecosystem can live in a suitable farmland microenvironment, the competition of the same living space in the same place is avoided, and harmonious coexistence among the organisms is realized; providing high quality food and higher grain yield.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the agricultural ecological environment, specifically speaking relates to a biological multi-dwelling mutual aid farmland ecosystem.
Background
The farmland ecosystem is a complex which is used for human beings to carry out energy conversion and material circulation in farmlands centering on crops and by utilizing the interrelation between biological and non-biological environments and between biological populations through a reasonable ecological structure and high-efficiency ecological functions and carrying out material production according to the requirements of human society. It is a major sub-system in agricultural ecosystem, an ecosystem domesticated by human beings. The farmland ecosystem is not only restricted by natural laws, but also influenced by human activities; not only is governed by natural ecological laws, but also by social and economic laws.
The dependence of grain yield on chemical fertilizer is getting bigger and bigger, and the farmland uses a large amount of chemical fertilizer and pesticide; meanwhile, due to industrial development, a farmland ecosystem is seriously polluted, all organisms in the system are threatened, and the quality and the yield of grains are influenced. The utilization rate of the waste resources in the system is low, and the agricultural output value is low. Therefore, there is a need for improvements to existing farmland ecosystems to transform agriculture from high input, high pollution, low efficiency, low yield to low input, low pollution, high efficiency, high yield.
The invention content is as follows:
in order to overcome the problems existing in the background technology, the utility model provides a biological multi-dwelling mutual-aid farmland ecosystem; the resource utilization efficiency of a farmland ecosystem is improved to the maximum extent, the application amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is greatly reduced, and the environmental damage and pollution are reduced. By utilizing different ecological niches where organisms are located, beneficial ecological service functions are exerted, species in a farmland ecosystem can live in a suitable farmland microenvironment, the competition of the same living space in the same place is avoided, and harmonious coexistence among the organisms is realized; providing high quality food and higher grain yield.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
the biological multi-habitat mutual-aid farmland ecosystem comprises an ecological wide ridge 1, an ecological ditch 2, an ecological field surface 3, earthworm cultivation belt stacks 4, a land habitat space 5 and an ecological pond 6, wherein the ecological ditch 2 is arranged on the periphery of the ecological field surface 3 which is divided for planting grain crops, the ecological wide ridge 1 is arranged on the periphery of the ecological ditch 2, the earthworm cultivation belt stacks 4 are arranged in the ecological field surface 3, the land habitat space 5 is arranged on the ecological field surface 3, the ecological pond 6 is arranged on the outer side of one side of the ecological wide ridge 1, and the ecological pond 6 is positioned on one side of farmland drainage.
Further, a duck shed 12 is arranged in the middle of the ecological field surface 3, ducks 10 are cultured on the ecological field surface 3, and escape-preventing fences are arranged on the periphery of the ecological wide ridge 1.
Furthermore, the width of the ecological wide ridge 1 is not less than 1m, forage grass plants 7 are planted on the stem surface of the ecological wide ridge 1, and arbor plants 11 are planted outside the ecological wide ridge 1.
Furthermore, the number of the trees 11 planted in each mu of farmland is not more than 10.
Furthermore, the ecological field ditch 2 is a seasonal shallow ditch or a permanent deep ditch, aquatic plants are planted in the ecological field ditch 2, and fish and animals are cultured in the ecological field ditch 2.
Further, the width of the ecological field ditch 2 is not less than 1 m; when the ecological field ditch 2 is a seasonal shallow ditch, the depth of the ditch is not less than 0.5 m; when the ecological field ditch 2 is a permanent deep ditch, the depth of the ditch is not less than 1 m.
Further, the earthworm cultivation belt stack 4 is arranged in the middle of the ecological field surface 3 and is in a strip shape, the height of the earthworm cultivation belt stack is higher than the surface of the ecological field surface 3, and sprinkling irrigation or dropper equipment for supplementing water for earthworm cultivation is arranged on the earthworm cultivation belt stack 4; the surface of the earthworm breeding belt stack 4 is provided with a plastic film or a rain shelter which can ensure the humidity requirement for the proper growth of earthworms.
Further, poultry suitable for land growth are placed in the land habitation space 5, and meanwhile, arbor, shrub and grass plants are planted in the land habitation space 5; the roost space 5 is provided with a poultry house 15.
Furthermore, an ecological island 18 is arranged in the center of the ecological pond 6, aquatic plants 17 are planted in the ecological pond 6, and crustacean aquatic animals 19 are cultured in the ecological pond 6.
Further, a connecting belt 16 is arranged at the joint of the ecological pond 6 and the ecological wide ridge 1, and filling materials for adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland tail water are arranged in the connecting belt 16.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses furthest's improvement farmland ecosystem's utilization of resources efficiency reduces the application amount of chemical fertilizer, pesticide by a wide margin, reduces environmental damage and pollution. By utilizing different ecological niches where organisms are located, beneficial ecological service functions are exerted, species in a farmland ecosystem can live in a suitable farmland microenvironment, the competition of the same living space in the same place is avoided, and harmonious coexistence among the organisms is realized; providing high quality food and higher grain yield.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will explain in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding of the skilled person.
As shown in figure 1, the biological multi-habitat mutual-aid farmland ecosystem comprises an ecological wide ridge 1, an ecological ditch 2, an ecological field surface 3, an earthworm cultivation belt stack 4, a land habitat space 5 and an ecological pond 6.
An ecological field surface 3 for planting crops such as grains is divided in a farmland, a duck shed 12 is arranged in the middle of the ecological field surface 3, and ducks 10 are cultured on the ecological field surface 3. In the utility model, the dry ducks are preferably bred, and the poultry is prevented from escaping from the ecological field surface 3 easily by utilizing the habit that the poultry like the dry ducks likes and dislikes to manage. The duck can be bred in a free-range mode, and escape prevention protection is needed if the duck is bred in a free-range mode. Set up duck house 12 in the intermediate position of ecological field face 3, can effectually avoid the excrement of duck to run off, the excrement of the duck of being convenient for is to duck house 12 diffusion all around, provides nutrition for crops.
A land habitat 5 is arranged on the ecological field surface 3, and a poultry house 15 is arranged on the land habitat 5. Poultry suitable for land growth are cultivated in the land habitation space 5, meanwhile, arbor, shrub and grass plants are planted in the land habitation space 5, and a land habitation ecological space is constructed to become a good habitation space for the land poultry. 2-3 geese 13 are bred in the land-inhabited space and serve as animals with a nursing function, so that the damage of animals such as dogs, wild birds and the like to other organisms of a farmland ecosystem is avoided. The terrestrial poultry creatures mainly make 5 the terrestrial space as the habitat, and the excrement of the terrestrial poultry creatures flows into the ecological field surface 3 to be used as the fertilizer and the nutrient source of crops. A poultry house 15 is provided to provide shelter for the poultry. The land-dwelling space 5 can also serve as a temporary pipe transfer area and an operation space for aquatic poultry during harvesting.
An ecological field ditch 2 is arranged at the periphery of the ecological field surface 3, the ecological field ditch 2 is a seasonal shallow ditch or a permanent deep ditch, and the width of the ecological field ditch 2 is not less than 1 m; when the ecological field ditch 2 is a seasonal shallow ditch, the depth of the ditch is not less than 0.5 m; when the ecological field ditch 2 is a permanent deep ditch, the depth of the ditch is not less than 1 m; aquatic plants are planted in the ecological field ditches 2, and fish and animals are cultured in the ecological field ditches 2. The ecological ditch 2 is a living habitat of fishes and the like on one hand and a refuge pond of the fishes under the condition of water shortage on the other hand, meanwhile, the fishes cultured in the ecological ditch 2 can freely move back and forth between the ecological ditch 2 and the ecological field surface 3, and the flow of substances and energy of the whole farmland system is driven; and the ecological field ditch 2 can ensure long-term water storage, and can avoid influencing crop planting and leading to fish death due to water shortage of the ecological field surface 3. In order to bring the maximum ecological benefit into play, the fishes cultured in the ecological field ditches 2 are polycultured with different types of fishes, including small omnivorous fishes 8 (such as crucian carps) and large omnivorous fishes 9 (such as carps), and under the condition that the growth period of the fishes is short, the fishes with larger seedling age can be selected to ensure that the fishes can grow quickly in a short period. Adult fishes cultured in a pond can be selected for purification and fostering, and the quality of the fish products is improved. The water surface in the ecological field ditch 2 is also a water playing channel and a foraging space of ducks. The ecological trench 2 can be designed as a permanent deep trench or a seasonal shallow trench. The depth of the permanent deep ditch is not less than 1m, the width of the permanent deep ditch is not less than 1m, aquatic plants (including submerged plants and emergent plants) are arranged in the ditch, and the permanent water storage is carried out in the ditch, so that annual aquaculture can be realized. The seasonal shallow ditch has ditch depth not less than 0.5m, ditch width not less than 1m, properly reinforced ditch wall, water storage varying with plant planting season, water storage in water season, and dry water in dry season.
The utility model discloses in, duck class poultry realizes the function of class weeding through edible weeds in the life process, also eats the pest class of going out simultaneously, increases the ventilation printing opacity between crops, increases the dissolved oxygen volume of ecological field face 3 water, promotes crops and fish growth. Meanwhile, the crops also provide habitats and shelters for duck poultry, and the duck poultry is mutually beneficial and win together. The ecological field 3 is also a living space for fish, a foraging space for fish and a sports field. The fishes and the poultry can freely shuttle and swim between the ecological field surface 3 and the ecological field ditch, and the material and energy flow of the whole farmland system is driven.
An earthworm cultivation belt stack 4 is arranged in the ecological field surface 3, the earthworm cultivation belt stack 4 is arranged in the middle of the ecological field surface 3 and is in a strip shape, the height of the earthworm cultivation belt stack 4 is higher than the surface of the ecological field surface 3, and sprinkling irrigation or dropper equipment for supplementing water for earthworm cultivation is arranged on the earthworm cultivation belt stack 4; the surface of the earthworm breeding belt stack 4 is provided with a plastic film or a rain shelter which can ensure the humidity requirement for the proper growth of earthworms. The earthworms cultured on the earthworm culturing belt stack 4 can provide high-quality protein food for fishes and poultry animals, and the livestock manure converted by the earthworms is returned to the field to serve as high-quality fertilizer for crops and improve soil, so that the soil is healthier and better in quality, and a good way is provided for resource utilization of the livestock manure.
The ecological ditch 2 is provided with an ecological wide ridge 1 at the periphery, the ecological wide ridge 1 is positioned at the periphery of the whole farmland ecosystem, the width of the ecological wide ridge is not less than 1m, the ecological wide ridge 1 can provide sufficient ecological space for plant growth and organism inhabitation, forage grass plants 7 (such as leguminous forage grass and the like) are planted on the ecological wide ridge 1, and the forage grass plants 7 provide food and nutrition for organisms in the farmland ecosystem after being harvested and also provide comfortable land inhabitation fields for the organisms. Arbor 11 is planted on the outermost side of the ecological wide ridge 1 to form a field forest network, so that shading, wind prevention and the like are provided for a farmland system, microclimate of the farmland is improved, and soil erosion and drift sand damage are prevented. The trees 11 are not planted too much, if too much shading is caused, lighting of a farmland system is affected, the roots of the trees compete for nutrients and water in the soil too much, and generally not more than 10 trees per mu of farmland are suitable. An escape-proof fence can be optionally arranged on the periphery of the ecological wide ridge 1 when necessary, so that the bred poultry can be prevented from escaping and escaping.
The utility model discloses in, terrestrial poultry biology not only can be with land habitat space 5 as habitat space, also can be with ecological wide ridge 1, earthworm breed area buttress 4 as living space, seek food, life, motion etc.. Meanwhile, the biological field ditch 2 is positioned at the inner ring of the ecological wide ridge 1, and the ecological field ditch 2 is tightly connected with the ecological wide ridge 1 and is converted into a aquatic space from a terrestrial space of the organism.
An ecological pond 6 is arranged on the outer side of one side of the ecological wide ridge 1, and the ecological pond 6 is positioned on the drainage side of the farmland and flows into the ecological pond as farmland tail water. The ecological pond 6 is internally biologically configured, aquatic plants 17 are planted, crustacean aquatic animals 19 are bred, the crustacean aquatic animals 19 are crabs, lobsters and the like, ducks can also enter the ecological pond, fishes do not enter the ecological pond 6 due to strong competition with the crustacean aquatic animals 19, the crustacean aquatic animals 19 do not enter the biological field 2 and the ecological field surface 3, and space isolation among different animals is implemented. An ecological island 18 is arranged in the center of the ecological pond 6, and plants such as trees, shrubs, grass and the like are arranged on the ecological island 18 to provide sheltering space and living space for aquatic organisms. Meanwhile, the ecological pond 18 has a temporary pipe transfer area and an operation space for fish harvesting. The farmland tail water, rainwater and the like accumulated in the ecological pond 18 are pumped back to the ecological field surface 3 by a water pump for cyclic utilization, so that the reutilization efficiency of water resources and nutrient resources in water is improved.
In the utility model, a connecting belt 16 is arranged at the joint of the ecological pond 6 and the ecological wide ridge 1, and a filling material for absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland tail water is arranged in the connecting belt 16; the tail water is filtered and purified and then flows into the ecological pond 16.
The utility model discloses furthest's improvement farmland ecosystem's utilization of resources efficiency reduces the application amount of chemical fertilizer, pesticide by a wide margin, reduces environmental damage and pollution. By utilizing different ecological niches where organisms are located, beneficial ecological service functions are exerted, species in a farmland ecosystem can live in a suitable farmland microenvironment, the competition of the same living space in the same place is avoided, and harmonious coexistence among the organisms is realized; provides high-quality food and higher grain output value, and realizes the win-win of rice bags, vegetable baskets and money bags.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A biological multi-habitat mutual-aid farmland ecosystem is characterized in that: biological multi-purpose mutual-aid farmland ecosystem comprise an ecological wide ridge (1), an ecological ditch (2), an ecological field surface (3), an earthworm cultivation belt pile (4), a land habitat space (5) and an ecological pond (6), wherein the ecological ditch (2) is arranged on the periphery of the ecological field surface (3) which is divided for planting grain crops, the ecological wide ridge (1) is arranged on the periphery of the ecological ditch (2), the earthworm cultivation belt pile (4) is arranged in the ecological field surface (3), the land habitat space (5) is arranged on the ecological field surface (3), the ecological pond (6) is arranged on the outer side of one side of the ecological wide ridge (1), and the ecological pond (6) is positioned on one side of farmland drainage.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: a duck shed (12) is arranged in the middle of the ecological field surface (3), ducks (10) are cultured on the ecological field surface (3), and escape-preventing fences are arranged on the periphery of the ecological wide ridges (1).
3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the system comprises: the width of the ecological wide ridge (1) is not less than 1m, forage grass plants (7) are planted on the stem surface of the ecological wide ridge (1), and arbor trees (11) are planted outside the ecological wide ridge (1).
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the system comprises: the number of the trees (11) is not more than 10 per mu of farmland.
5. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the system comprises: the ecological field ditch (2) is a seasonal shallow ditch or a permanent deep ditch, aquatic plants are planted in the ecological field ditch (2), and fish and animals are cultured in the ecological field ditch (2).
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the system comprises: the width of the ecological field ditch (2) is not less than 1 m; when the ecological field ditch (2) is a seasonal shallow ditch, the depth of the ditch is not less than 0.5 m; when the ecological field ditch (2) is a permanent deep ditch, the depth of the ditch is not less than 1 m.
7. The system of any one of claims 1-2 and 6, wherein the system comprises: the earthworm cultivation belt pile (4) is arranged in the middle of the ecological field surface (3) and is in a strip shape, the height of the earthworm cultivation belt pile is higher than the surface of the ecological field surface (3), and sprinkling irrigation or dropper equipment for supplementing water for earthworm cultivation is arranged on the earthworm cultivation belt pile (4); the surface of the earthworm breeding belt stack (4) is provided with a plastic film or a rain shelter which can ensure the humidity requirement for the proper growth of earthworms.
8. The system of any one of claims 1-2 and 6, wherein the system comprises: poultry suitable for land growth are cultivated in the land habitation space (5), and meanwhile, arbor, shrub and grass plants are planted in the land habitation space (5); a poultry house (15) is arranged on the land-inhabiting space (5).
9. The system of any one of claims 1-2 and 6, wherein the system comprises: an ecological island (18) is arranged in the center of the ecological pond (6), aquatic plants (17) are planted in the ecological pond (6), and crustacean aquatic animals (19) are cultured in the ecological pond (6).
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the system comprises: the ecological pond (6) and the ecological wide ridge (1) are connected through a connecting belt (16), and filling materials for adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland tail water are arranged in the connecting belt (16).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022226306.2U CN213784339U (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2020-10-09 | Biological multi-purpose mutual-aid farmland ecological system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022226306.2U CN213784339U (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2020-10-09 | Biological multi-purpose mutual-aid farmland ecological system |
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| CN213784339U true CN213784339U (en) | 2021-07-27 |
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| CN202022226306.2U Active CN213784339U (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2020-10-09 | Biological multi-purpose mutual-aid farmland ecological system |
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