CN213695366U - Utilize black soldier fly normal position degradation net bed to keep back device that beasts and birds excrement is dirty - Google Patents
Utilize black soldier fly normal position degradation net bed to keep back device that beasts and birds excrement is dirty Download PDFInfo
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- CN213695366U CN213695366U CN202022372119.5U CN202022372119U CN213695366U CN 213695366 U CN213695366 U CN 213695366U CN 202022372119 U CN202022372119 U CN 202022372119U CN 213695366 U CN213695366 U CN 213695366U
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Abstract
The application discloses a device and a method for horizontally cultivating livestock and poultry manure by using black soldier flies to degrade a net bed in situ, wherein the device comprises a feeding conveying auger with a feeding hole, a discharging conveying auger with a discharging hole, a conveying belt and a transmission guide wheel, and a steel rope driven by a motor connects 2 adjacent conveying belts into a group through the transmission guide wheel; a pad material is laid on the conveying belt, and a material distribution device, a manure rake and a cultivation net bed are arranged above the pad material; a channel is arranged below the net bed; the method for culturing livestock and poultry by applying the device comprises the following steps; laying padding, putting black soldier fly larvae, stocking livestock and poultry in a net bed to enter a breeding stage, daily harrowing manure and larva management, discharging a mixed material of the insect manure, separating the insect manure, and recycling dry manure or undegraded manure; the device passes through the integrated application of technique, and degree of automation is high, adopts the conveyer belt to replace dung scraping plate discharge excrement and bedding and padding mixture, has avoided making the excrement mummification be difficult to strike off because of black soldier fly handles the excrement and dirt to through worm excrement separation and dry excrement retrieval and utilization, reduce the bedding and padding use cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural breeding technology and environmental protection, in particular to a device for flatly breeding livestock and poultry dung by utilizing a hermetia illucens in-situ degradation net bed.
Background
Resource and environmental problems are important problems which puzzle the sustainable development of the economic society of China in the twenty-first century. How to minimize the discharge amount of livestock and poultry wastes and realize the maximization of resource utilization is a problem which is headache for enterprises and governments.
The traditional breeding manure treatment mode mainly comprises a field returning treatment mode, a composting mode and a biogas fermentation mode, the treatment modes relieve various pollution and environmental pressure caused by manure to a certain extent, but a plurality of defects exist, and the traditional breeding manure treatment mode mainly comprises (1) the production period of organic fertilizer is long, in addition, the price of the organic fertilizer is low, and most pig farms cannot bear the collection and transportation costs; (2) the biogas is prepared by utilizing the culture manure, so that the requirement on equipment is high, and a high-corrosion-resistant material is required, so that the operation cost is greatly increased, and the treatment of biogas slurry and biogas residues generated after biogas power generation is a headache; (3) various factors make the breeding manure difficult to be reasonably and effectively treated. Therefore, how to develop a breeding mode suitable for in-situ degradation of the feces in the breeding house can solve the problems is a technical demand point of the whole society and the breeding industry.
Net-bed flat culture has become one of the main modes of large-scale livestock and poultry culture at present, but the excrement treatment in the culture house has a big problem at present: (1) the fermentation padding is laid under the bed, the fermentation padding needs to be cleaned manually at regular intervals, the technical management requirement is high, and the investment is large; (2) the bed is washed by hardened clear water, the frequency of cleaning the excrement is high, the working environment is severe, the concentration of the excrement is high, and the subsequent treatment difficulty is high; (3) the odor generation amount in the breeding house is large, the bad influence is easily generated on the health of livestock and poultry and breeding workers, and the serious damage is generated on the surrounding atmospheric environment. In addition, the excrement in the excrement channel under the net bed flat culture mode is usually raised a batch and even several batches of whole clear-outs, leads to breeding the interior stink of house big like this, also scabs easily and leads to being difficult to scrape out, and simultaneously, the intensity of labour of laying of new bedding and padding is very big for two batches are raised the interval time longer, are unfavorable for the requirement of the high-efficient breed of scale.
The treatment of livestock and poultry manure by utilizing the rotten characteristics of hermetia illucens becomes a new ecological breeding mode. However, the black soldier fly larvae have high requirements on the culture environment (temperature, humidity and the like), so that the heterotopic culture mode is mostly adopted at present to meet the requirement on the growth environment of the black soldier fly larvae, for example, the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN 103931562A discloses a method for treating pig manure by using black soldier flies; the pig manure and urine leak from the manure leaking plate and fall into the manure collecting groove below, the solid pig manure is converted into insect protein after being eaten by hermetia illucens larvae, and the liquid pig urine permeates into a fungus bed at the lower part of the nylon gauze and is digested by beneficial microorganisms; however, the nylon gauze is used for solid-liquid separation, the difficulty of manual cleaning is increased, the heat generation characteristic of the hermetia illucens larvae in the feeding process is not considered, and the larvae are easy to die after being directly cultured; chinese patent publication No. CN 106614398A discloses a method for recycling pig manure by black soldier fly, comprising the following steps: (1) mixing pig manure with oilseed residue to adjust the moisture content of the pig manure; (2) performing primary fermentation on the mixture by using bacillus subtilis, and further fermenting by using saccharomyces cerevisiae; (3) feeding the black soldier fly larvae into the fermented mixture according to a certain proportion for feeding; (4) collecting hermetia illucens larvae and insect sand after the breeding period is finished; chinese patent publication No. CN 106538478A discloses a method for treating livestock and poultry manure by using hermetia illucens and an ecological cycle breeding method, comprising the following steps: 1) mixing livestock and poultry feces, adjuvants and livestock and poultry urine uniformly, wherein the humidity of the mixture is 45-70%; the auxiliary materials are wheat bran, straws or oil cakes; the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the auxiliary materials is as follows: and (3) livestock and poultry manure: wheat bran or oil cake 10 (3-5), or livestock and poultry manure: the straws 10 (1-3) are thrown into the hermetia illucens larvae, and the hermetia illucens larvae are fed to the third instar by adding the mixture; 3) adding 25-40 kg of the mixture every day for feeding; (4) adding 40-60 kg of the mixed material every day for feeding; 5) adding 60-80 kg of the mixture every day for feeding until the pupa pre-stage of six years; above patent all utilizes heisui river horsefly to eat rotten characteristic and adopts the dystopy mode to handle and breed excrement and dirt, has inevitably increased and has bred labour cost. Chinese patent publication No. CN 206078673U discloses a device for in-situ treatment of chicken manure by black soldier flies, which comprises a hencoop frame, a plurality of hencoops arranged on the hencoop frame, and a bottom bracket arranged at the bottom of the hencoop frame and located below the hencoops, wherein impermeable cloth is laid on the bottom bracket, the peripheral edge of the impermeable cloth faces upward to surround the interior to form a breeding space for the gadfly maggots, a plurality of pest collecting holes are formed in the side wall of the impermeable cloth, and pest collecting bags are received outside the pest collecting holes. Although this patent has proposed the in-situ treatment notion, nevertheless because the fecaluria moisture content is high under not considering the cage culture mode, be unfavorable for the heisui river horsefly to get and eat to excrement and urine after the transformation of heisui river horsefly larva is not convenient for discharge, influences the sustainable breed of heisui river horsefly, and the automation level is lower. At present, no report is found on a method for horizontally breeding livestock and poultry excrement by using hermetia illucens in-situ degradation mesh beds.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the technical requirements, the invention provides a device and a method for flatly breeding livestock and poultry dung by using the hermetia illucens in-situ degradation net bed, so that the manpower input is reduced, and a suitable growth environment is provided for hermetia illucens larvae.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
firstly, the application provides a device for horizontally cultivating livestock and poultry dung by utilizing a hermetia illucens in-situ degradation net bed, which comprises a feeding conveying auger and a discharging conveying auger which are arranged in parallel, wherein a plurality of conveying belts (the conveying belts are preferably arranged along the direction vertical to the augers) are arranged between the feeding conveying auger and the discharging conveying auger, and the conveying belts are mutually parallel;
the outer sides of the feeding conveying auger and the discharging conveying auger are respectively provided with at least 2 transmission guide wheels, and the connecting line of the transmission guide wheels at the same side is parallel to the conveying auger; the steel rope connects 2 adjacent conveyer belts into a group through a transmission guide wheel, the front ends of the conveyer belts are arranged below the distributing device, and the tail ends of the conveyer belts are connected with the discharging auger device; each group of the conveyor belts is provided with at least one manure rake, and the motor drives the manure rake to reciprocate by using a steel rope; the guide wheel and the steel rope are used for preventing the manure rake device from deviating and move back and forth along the conveyor belt according to design requirements;
a feed port is formed in one end of the feed conveying auger, a discharge port is formed in one end of the discharge conveying auger, and the discharge port and the feed port are located on the same side; a distributing device is arranged above the end, close to the feeding and conveying auger, of the conveying belt, a spreading baffle is arranged below the distributing device, the spreading baffle is a pull-type baffle arranged on the side face of the bottom of the distributing device, the distance between the baffle and the conveying belt can be adjusted by adjusting the degree of tightness, and the spreading baffle is a conventional accessory of the distributing device;
padding is arranged on the conveyor belt, and a culture net bed is arranged above the padding; the space below the breeding net bed is a channel for storing excrement, and the bottom of the channel is a padding; the distance between the cultivation net bed and the lower padding is more than 40 cm; livestock and poultry are raised on the flat culture net bed; in addition, in practical application, automatic feeding devices (such as MH-93455 model manufactured by Shandong Jinning Huadong livestock equipment Co., Ltd.), automatic nipple drinking devices (such as bc-200 model manufactured by Bangzhou Ponci mechanical equipment Co., Ltd.), automatic egg collecting devices (such as full-automatic egg collecting machines manufactured by Zhongxing livestock machinery Co., Ltd.) and other automatic breeding devices can be arranged on the net bed to realize automatic breeding, and the automatic breeding devices are all conventional commercial devices in the breeding field.
The method for carrying out the heisui river horsefly in-situ degradation net bed flat breeding of the livestock and poultry manure by using the device comprises the following steps:
(1) laying padding, and putting hermetia illucens larvae;
uniformly distributing the padding material by a material distribution device at the front end of each conveying belt through a feeding conveying auger, wherein the thickness of the padding material is adjustable within 5-15 cm; the step of putting the black soldier fly larvae refers to that 4-6-day-old black soldier fly larvae are mixed with a small amount of bran materials and evenly added into padding, the padding is evenly laid on a conveying belt by a material distribution device, and the putting amount of the larvae is adjusted according to actual conditions.
(2) Stocking livestock and poultry on a breeding net bed and carrying out conventional breeding;
after padding is laid in the fecal sewage channel 6 below the breeding net bed 4, enabling the livestock and poultry to enter the net bed 4 in batches, and then carrying out an automatic feeding and automatic water replenishing operation mode according to a conventional breeding management mode;
the automatic feeding and automatic water replenishing operation is a conventional mode of the breeding industry, and specific settings can be found in documents of' Wangchunlin, Hanmanlin, Zhangbao, and the like.
(3) Managing daily harrow dung and black soldier fly larvae;
every 2 adjacent conveyer belts are in a group, and each group of conveyer belts is provided with at least one manure rake which reciprocates. The excrement and sewage that drops on the net bed constantly drops on the bedding surface for bedding surface moisture content is higher, obtains the dispersion and accelerates moisture to lose in the bedding in heisui river horsefly feeding activity heat production process in order to promote moisture in the excrement and sewage, sets for the excrement harrow that regularly starts on the conveyer belt every day and makes a round trip to operate, with the suitable humidity environment that the heisui river horsefly larva grows. Preferably, 2 manure rakes are arranged above the conveyor belt so as to reduce the rake-turning resistance.
(4) Discharging the insect-manure mixture and separating insect manure;
when the black soldier fly larvae are about to enter a prepupa period, starting the conveyor belt to discharge the worm and excrement mixture, and conveying the mixture into the worm and excrement separation equipment by the conveying auger to realize separation of adult black soldier fly and dry excrement; when each conveyor belt discharges materials, preparing new padding materials to carry out next batch of spreading operation through a discharging conveying auger and a material distributing device, and ensuring that excrement falling from the net bed does not directly fall onto the conveyor belt;
adult hermetia illucens are collected and used for developing high-added-value products such as high-protein feed and the like;
the insect excrement separating device can be a roller type device or a vibrating screen type device, and is a device which is conventional in the field, such as an insect excrement separating machine disclosed in patent CN 208976274U.
In the present application, the padding used is padding conventional in the art, such as one or more of wheat bran, sawdust and bran powder.
(5) Recycling dry excrement or undegraded excrement:
the dry manure separated by the worm manure separation equipment is not completely degraded generally and can be further degraded by the hermetia illucens larvae of the next batch, so that part or all of the dry manure can be recycled to the distributing device for laying the padding of the subsequent batch, and the redundant dry manure is used for producing the organic fertilizer.
The technical term of the invention, namely 'flat-bed cultivation of net bed' means that livestock and poultry are raised on a metal or other material made net sheet, such as a plastic net, a metal net or a plastic-plated net and the like on a slotted floor; the suitable livestock and poultry raised flatly by the net bed mainly comprise livestock and poultry with less urine such as chicken, duck, goose, meat pigeon, sheep, etc.
The technical term "in-situ degradation" refers to the harmless treatment of the livestock and poultry manure by using hermetia illucens in situ; the livestock and poultry adopt a flat-culture net bed culture mode, the livestock and poultry are cultured on the net bed, excrement discharged from the livestock and poultry naturally falls into packing on an excrement channel through the porous net bed, and the purpose of immediately producing and immediately treating the excrement is achieved by utilizing the food decay characteristic of hermetia illucens larvae in the packing.
Compared with the similar technology, the technical overall performance index of the invention has the advantages that: the method is simple and easy to implement, the automation degree of the equipment is high, the in-situ degradation and odor removal of the livestock and poultry manure can be realized, and the aims of changing the manure waste into valuable and converting the waste into high-value products are also realized. Through the technical integration and application, on one hand, the conveyor belt is adopted to replace a dung scraping plate to discharge dung dirt and a bedding material mixture, so that the problem that dung dirt is dried and difficult to scrape due to treatment of dung dirt by hermetia illucens is avoided, and the bedding material use cost is greatly reduced through worm-dung separation and dry-dung recycling; on the other hand, replace the dung scraping plate through the conveyer belt and when the dirty and bedding and padding mixture of discharge excrement, accomplish laying operation and the black soldier fly larva of new bedding and padding and insert for equipment degree of automation is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a net bed flat-bed livestock and poultry house.
Fig. 2 is a side view of a net bed flat rearing barn.
In the figure: 1-an electric motor; 2-steel rope; 3-a transmission guide wheel; 4-breeding net beds; 5, a conveyor belt; 6-a channel; 7-feeding conveying auger; 8-discharging conveying auger; 9-a discharge hole; 10-a feed inlet; 11-a material distribution device; 12-a manure rake; 13-padding.
Detailed Description
As can be seen from the figures 1-2, the device for horizontally cultivating the livestock and poultry excrement by utilizing the hermetia illucens in-situ degradation net bed comprises a feeding conveying auger 7 and a discharging conveying auger 8 which are arranged in parallel, wherein a plurality of conveying belts 5 are arranged between the feeding conveying auger and the discharging conveying auger, and the conveying belts 5 are mutually parallel and are arranged in the direction perpendicular to the discharging conveying auger 8;
the outer sides of the feeding conveying auger 7 and the discharging conveying auger 8 are respectively provided with at least 2 transmission guide wheels 3, the steel ropes 2 connect the adjacent 2 conveyor belts 5 into a group through the transmission guide wheels 3, the front end of each group of conveyor belts 5 is connected with the feeding conveying auger 7, and the tail end is connected with the discharging conveying auger 8; each group of the conveyor belts is provided with 2 manure rakes 12, and the motor 1 drives the two manure rakes 12 to reciprocate along the conveyor belts 5 by using the steel ropes 2;
a feeding port 10 (used for inputting dry manure or fresh padding) is arranged at one end of the feeding conveying auger 7, a material distribution device 11 is arranged on the feeding conveying auger 7 in each conveying belt direction, and a material spreading baffle is arranged below the material distribution device 11; a discharge port 9 (insect and excrement mixing outlet) is arranged on the same side of the feed port 10 of the discharge conveying auger 8; the front end of the conveyor belt 5 is arranged below the distributing device 11, and the tail end of the conveyor belt 5 is connected with the discharging auger 8;
a padding 13 is arranged on the conveyor belt 5, and a culture net bed 4 (made of polypropylene) is arranged above the padding 13; the space below the breeding net bed 4 is a channel 6 for storing excrement; the distance between the cultivation net bed 4 and the padding 13 is more than 40 cm; the livestock and poultry are raised on the breeding net bed 4; in this embodiment, the net bed 4 is provided with an automatic feeding device (MH-93455, model: from Shandong Jindong livestock Equipment Co., Ltd.) and a nipple type automatic drinking device (bc-200, model: from Bangzhi mechanical equipment Co., Ltd., Qingzhou, Japan).
The embodiment further provides a method for using the device to perform black soldier fly in-situ degradation of livestock and poultry manure by using the net bed, which comprises the following steps:
(1) laying padding, and putting hermetia illucens larvae;
firstly, adjusting the water content of prepared padding (obtained by mixing bran powder and sawdust) 13 to 40%, uniformly distributing the padding through a distributing device 11 at the front end of each conveying belt by a feeding conveying auger 7, and connecting the lower part of the distributing device 11 with a paving baffle plate to ensure that the thickness of the padding 13 paved on a conveying belt 5 is about 10 cm;
when the padding is laid, 4-6 days old black soldier fly larvae are mixed with a small amount of bran material and evenly added into the padding 13, and the padding is evenly laid on the surface of the conveying belt 5 by the material distribution device 11.
(2) Breeding livestock and poultry on a net bed and carrying out conventional breeding;
after padding is laid on the manure channels below the net bed, feeding the meat duck seedlings into the breeding net bed 4 in batches, and then carrying out an automatic feeding and automatic water supplementing operation mode according to a conventional breeding management mode; the mode is a conventional mode of the breeding industry, and specific settings can be found in documents of ' Wangchunlin, Hanmanlin, Zhangbao ', and the like, ' automatic feeding system of small and medium-sized pig farms [ J ]. control engineering, 2009(S4):14-16, ' and ' Zhang maple, Tangqingyu ' application of programmable controllers on automatic water supplement [ J ]. electrical application, 2005(5):60-61 '.
(3) Daily management of harrowing manure and black soldier fly larvae:
in the feeding process, the dung and dirt falling from the net bed 4 continuously falls on the surface of the packing material 13, so that the water content of the surface of the packing material 13 is high, the moisture in the dung and dirt needs to be promoted to be dispersed in the packing material 13, and the moisture loss is accelerated in the heat production process of the black soldier fly feeding activity; meanwhile, because the fresh duck manure has high water content, the manure rake 12 on the conveyor belt 5 is started to operate back and forth once every 2 hours;
(4) discharging the worm manure mixture and separating the worm manure:
when the hermetia illucens larvae are about to enter a prepupa period, the conveyor belt 5 is started to discharge the hermetia illucens and excrement mixed material, meanwhile, new padding is subjected to next batch of spreading and larva access operation through the feeding conveying auger and the distributing device, the excrement falling on the net bed is guaranteed not to directly fall onto the conveyor belt, the discharged hermetia illucens and excrement mixed material enters hermetia illucens and excrement separating equipment (a hermetia illucens and excrement separator disclosed by CN 208976274U) through the discharging conveying auger 8 to realize separation of hermetia illucens adults and dry excrement, and the hermetia illucens adults are collected and used for development of high-added-value products such as high-protein feeds.
(5) Recycling dry excrement or undegraded excrement:
the dry manure separated by the insect manure separation equipment can replace part of padding for the laying of the padding of the subsequent batch.
In the concrete implementation, the net bed can be additionally provided with breeding equipment according to actual needs, for example, when raising the laying hens (chicken and ducks), automatic egg collecting equipment such as a full-automatic egg collecting machine produced by Zhongxing stockbreeding machinery, ltd, in other cities is additionally provided, and under the premise of not departing from the principle of the invention, the improvement and decoration also can be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (4)
1. A device for horizontally cultivating livestock and poultry dung by utilizing a hermetia illucens in-situ degradation net bed is characterized by comprising a feeding conveying auger and a discharging conveying auger which are arranged in parallel, wherein a plurality of conveying belts are arranged between the feeding conveying auger and the discharging conveying auger;
the outer sides of the feeding conveying auger and the discharging conveying auger are respectively provided with at least 2 transmission guide wheels, and a steel rope driven by a motor connects the adjacent 2 conveyor belts into a group through the transmission guide wheels; each group of the conveyor belts is provided with at least one manure rake;
a feed port is formed in one end of the feed conveying auger, a discharge port is formed in one end of the discharge conveying auger, and the discharge port and the feed port are located on the same side; a material distribution device is arranged above the conveying belt close to the feeding conveying auger end;
padding is arranged on the conveyor belt, and a culture net bed is arranged above the padding; the space below the breeding net bed is a channel for storing the excrement.
2. The device for horizontally breeding the livestock and poultry excrement by using the hermetia illucens in-situ degradation net bed according to claim 1, wherein one or more of an automatic feeding device, a nipple type automatic water drinking device and an automatic egg collecting device are further arranged on the breeding net bed.
3. The device for flatly raising livestock and poultry manure by using the hermetia illucens in-situ degradation net bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein a paving baffle is further arranged below the distributing device.
4. The device for raising livestock and poultry manure by using the hermetia illucens in-situ degradation net bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the raising net bed and the padding is more than 40 cm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115104549A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-09-27 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Multi-flat-layer, intelligent and environment-friendly meat waterfowl breeding structure |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115104549A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-09-27 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Multi-flat-layer, intelligent and environment-friendly meat waterfowl breeding structure |
| CN115104549B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2024-01-05 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Multi-layer intelligent environment-friendly waterfowl cultivation structure |
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