CN213665310U - 用于电生理学应用的导管 - Google Patents

用于电生理学应用的导管 Download PDF

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CN213665310U
CN213665310U CN202020688542.3U CN202020688542U CN213665310U CN 213665310 U CN213665310 U CN 213665310U CN 202020688542 U CN202020688542 U CN 202020688542U CN 213665310 U CN213665310 U CN 213665310U
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catheter
distal portion
electrodes
ridge
ring
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T.塞尔基
K.杜塔
T.阮
A.饶
R.彭德坎蒂
M.巴-塔尔
R.帕迪拉
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Biosense Webster Israel Ltd
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Abstract

本实用新型题为“用于电生理学应用的导管”。本实用新型描述了一种导管,所述导管具有端部执行器,所述端部执行器在三个环上具有密集排列的电极,当所述端部执行器不受约束时,所述三个环以各种平坦构型排列。所述端部执行器具有第一环构件、第二环构件和第三环构件,每个环构件包括两个脊和连接器,所述连接器连接所述两个脊以限定延伸远离所述导管的管状构件的环,使得所述第一环构件、所述第二环构件和所述第三环构件被构造成使得所述第一环构件、所述第二环构件和所述第三环构件中的每一者的每个连接器与相邻环构件的仅一个连接器接触。

Description

用于电生理学应用的导管
优先权
本专利申请根据巴黎公约以及35 USC§§119和120要求先前提交的名称为“Mapping Grid with High Density”且提交于2019年4月30日的美国临时专利申请S.N.62/841,154(代理人案卷号BIO6150USPSP1)的权益,该临时专利申请据此以引用方式并入,如同在本文全面所述。
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种用于电生理学应用的导管。
背景技术
当心脏组织区域异常地向相邻组织传导电信号时,将发生诸如房颤等心率失常,从而扰乱正常的心动周期并导致心律不齐。不期望的信号的重要来源位于组织区域中,例如,心房中的一个或心室中的一个。无论来源如何,无用信号在别处传导通过心脏组织,在心脏组织中这些信号可引发心律失常或使心律失常继续。
用于治疗心律失常的规程包括以外科的方式扰乱造成心律失常的信号源,以及扰乱用于此类信号的传导通路。最近,已发现通过标测心内膜和心脏容积的电性质,并通过施加能量选择性地消融心脏组织,可停止或改变无用电信号从心脏的一部分到另一部分的传播。消融方法通过形成非导电消融灶来破坏不需要的电通路。
在这个两步规程中(标测,然后消融),通常通过将包括一个或多个电传感器的导管推进到心脏中并获取多个点处的数据来感测并测量心脏中各点处的电活动。然后利用这些数据来选择将要进行消融的目标区域。
为了实现更好的标测分辨率,期望标测导管通过使用感测小面积(例如,一平方厘米)内的电活动的多个电极来提供非常高密度的信号标测。对于心房或心室(例如,心室的顶点)内的标测,期望导管在较短时间跨度内收集较大量的数据信号。还期望的是此类导管适于不同的组织表面,例如,平坦、弯曲、规则或非平面的表面组织,并且针对通过患者脉管系统的无创伤推进和抽出为可塌缩的。
实用新型内容
本文所述的各种实施方案允许借助用于电生理学应用的导管对心脏 (包括心房或心室)中的组织表面进行高密度标测和/或消融。所述导管包括管状构件和端部执行器。所述管状构件沿着纵向轴线从近侧部分延伸到远侧部分。所述端部执行器联接到所述远侧部分。所述端部执行器包括第一环构件、第二环构件和第三环构件,每个环构件包括两个脊和连接所述两个脊的连接器,并且所述第一环构件、所述第二环构件和所述第三环构件被构造成使得所述第一环构件、所述第二环构件和所述第三环构件中的每一者的每个连接器与相邻环构件的仅一个连接器接触。
在另一个实施方案中,导管被设计用于电生理学应用,其包括管状构件和端部执行器。所述管状构件沿着纵向轴线从近侧部分延伸到远侧部分。所述管状构件的所述远侧部分包括围绕所述纵向轴线设置的横截面。所述横截面与沿着所述纵向轴线延伸的第一正交平面和第二正交平面相交。所述远侧部分的所述横截面包括第一开口和第二开口,所述第一开口和所述第二开口与所述第一正交平面相交并且沿着所述纵向轴线延伸,所述开口中的每个开口被构造成接纳牵拉线,并且六个孔设置在所述第一开口和所述第二开口之间,其中四个孔与所述第二正交平面相交。所述孔中的每个孔被构造成接纳脊构件。所述端部执行器联接到所述远侧部分。所述端部执行器包括三个闭环构件,其中每个环包括两个脊,使得所述三个闭环构件的六个脊构件设置在所述导管的所述远侧部分的相应六个孔中。
在另一个实施方案中,提供了用于电生理学应用的导管。所述导管包括管状构件和端部执行器。所述管状构件沿着纵向轴线从近侧部分延伸到远侧部分。所述管状构件的所述远侧部分具有围绕所述纵向轴线设置的横截面,其中所述横截面与沿着所述纵向轴线延伸的第一正交平面和第二正交平面相交。所述远侧部分的所述横截面包括第一开口和第二开口,所述第一开口和所述第二开口与所述第一正交平面相交并且沿着所述纵向轴线延伸,所述开口中的每个开口被构造成接纳牵拉线,并且六个孔设置在所述第一开口和所述第二开口之间,其中四个孔与所述第二正交平面相交。所述孔中的每个孔被构造成接纳脊构件。所述端部执行器联接到所述管状构件的所述远侧部分。所述端部执行器包括第一闭环构件、第二闭环构件和第三闭环构件。所述端部执行器具有无约束构型,其中:所述第一闭环构件包括第一脊,所述第一脊利用第一环连接器部分连接到第二脊,以在所述第一脊、第一环和所述第二脊之间限定第一大体平坦的表面,使得所述第一大体平坦的表面与所述第一正交平面和所述第二正交平面相交,所述第二闭环构件包括第三脊,所述第三脊利用环连接器部分连接到第四脊,以在所述第三脊、所述第二环连接器部分和所述第四脊之间限定第二大体平坦的表面,使得所述第二大体平坦的表面与所述第一正交平面和所述第二正交平面相交,并且所述第三闭环构件包括第五脊,所述第五脊利用第三环连接器部分连接到第六脊以限定第三大体平坦的表面,所述第三大体平坦的表面与所述第一正交平面和所述第二正交平面中的仅一者相交。
在另一个实施方案中,提供了用于电生理学应用的导管。所述导管包括管状构件、端部执行器和联接器块。所述管状构件沿着纵向轴线从近侧部分延伸到远侧部分。所述端部执行器联接到所述远侧部分。所述端部执行器包括第一环构件、第二环构件和第三环构件,每个环构件包括两个脊和连接所述两个脊的连接器;所述联接器块连接到所述第一环构件、所述第二环构件和所述第三环构件的每个连接器。所述联接器被构造成具有延伸穿过所述联接器块的通道,以允许接纳所述第一环构件、所述第二环构件和所述第三环构件的相应连接器中的每个连接器。
在用于电生理学应用的导管的另一个实施方案中,所述导管包括管状构件、端部执行器和联接器块。所述管状构件沿着纵向轴线从近侧部分延伸到远侧部分。所述端部执行器联接到所述远侧部分,所述端部执行器包括第一环构件和第二环构件,每个环构件包括两个脊和连接所述两个脊的连接器;所述联接器块连接到所述第一环构件和所述第二环构件的每个连接器。所述联接器被构造有延伸穿过所述联接器块的直通通道,以允许接纳所述第一环构件和所述第二环构件的相应连接器中的每个连接器。
在前述实施方案中的任一个中,以下特征可与实施方案以及彼此以各种排列进行组合,其中每个脊可包括:细长构件,所述细长构件为脊提供结构支撑,每个细长构件被构造成具有矩形横截面,所述矩形横截面从所述远侧部分延伸以限定环;所述细长构件包括形状记忆材料;所述形状记忆材料包括镍钛诺;所述镍钛诺包括冷加工的镍钛诺,并且在组装到所述远侧部分的所述孔中期间卷曲;每个脊包括为每个脊提供支撑的细长结构;联接到每个细长结构的多个电极,所述多个电极相对于每个细长结构上的相邻电极并且相对于相邻细长结构上的电极以预先确定的间距间隔开,并且所述多个电极包括总共约30至约100个电极,其中每个细长结构的电极的数量包括约5至约15个电极,并且所述多个电极中的至少一个电极是不透射线的;每个脊包括为每个脊提供支撑的细长结构;设置在每个脊上的多个电极,所述多个电极相对于每个脊上的相邻电极并且相对于相邻脊上的电极以预先确定的间距间隔开,并且所述多个电极包括总共约30 至约100个电极,其中每个脊的电极的数量包括约5至约15个电极;用于每个环构件的每个连接器包括设置在所述连接器构件上的至少一对电极,所述一对电极被构造用于心脏信号的双极感测;一对参考电极,所述一对参考电极设置在所述远侧部分上;至少一个磁传感器,所述至少一个磁性传感器设置为靠近所述远侧部分,使得能够在所述磁场下确定所述远侧部分的位置;至少一个阻抗位置传感器,所述至少一个阻抗位置传感器设置为靠近所述管状构件的所述远侧部分,以允许基于所测量的生物受检者体内的阻抗来确定所述远侧部分的位置;所述磁性传感器包括三个单轴磁性传感器。每个环构件被构造成用作磁性传感器,使得能够在所述磁场下确定每个环相对于磁场的位置。至少一根牵拉线,所述至少一根牵拉线设置在所述管状部中并且连接到所述远侧部分,使得所述至少一根牵拉线使所述远侧部分相对于所述纵向轴线偏转;所述至少一根牵拉线包括大体平行的第一牵拉线和第二牵拉线,所述第一牵拉线和所述第二牵拉线设置在所述管状构件中并且连接到所述远侧部分,使得所述第一牵拉线和所述第二牵拉线使所述远侧部分相对于所述纵向轴线在两个方向上偏转。
在一些实施方案中,拖动远侧电极矩阵可包括保持矩阵的平行布置方式和/或保持矩阵的至少一部分在组织表面上为平的。所述拖动远侧电极矩阵还可包括保持电极在矩阵上的预定相对间距。值得注意的是,“抵靠”、“上”、“放置”和“位于”用于本文中,但不限制远侧电极矩阵和组织表面的相对取向,包括例如矩阵和组织表面中的一者或另一者是在另一者上方、下方还是附近。
附图说明
虽然在说明书之后提供了特别指出和清楚地要求保护本文所述主题的权利要求书,但是据信通过对下面某些示例的描述并结合附图可以更好地理解本主题,附图中类似的参考标号表示相同的元件,并且在附图中:
图1示出了从导管的远侧部分处的执行器到近侧柄部的导管;
图2A、图2B和图2C分别示出图1的端部执行器的三个其他变型;
图2D和图2E分别示出了导管的中间节段14的侧面剖视图和中间节段14的剖视图E-E,以示出各种管腔和管腔中的部件;
图2F示出了图1的端部执行器的另一个变型;
图3示出了设置在图1的导管的中间节段14中的各种部件的透视图;
图4A、图4B、图4C、图4D和图4E示出了当从导管的近侧端部观察时端部执行器的闭环构件的空间构型;
图5A、图5B、图5C、图5D、图5E、图5F示出了当端部执行器不被约束用于递送护套时可用于确保端部执行器的环构件可保持在期望的空间构型中的各种联接器;
图6A和6B示出了每个脊的结构主干的特写透视图,所述脊延伸出位于构件14的远侧部分中的插入构件和用于脊的各种线材和覆盖件以及安装在每个脊上的电极;
图6C、图6D和图6E示出了第一环构件和第三环构件的脊的非对称结构主干以及必要的横截面;
图6F、图6G和图6H示出了用于第二环构件的脊的大致对称的结构主干以及必要的横截面;
图7A、图7B、图7C和图7D示出了每个脊上的电极的各种“网格状”构型和尺寸;并且
图8示出了具有牵拉线的中间节段14的偏转能力。
具体实施方式
应结合附图来阅读下面的具体实施方式,其中不同附图中相同元件的编号相同。附图(未必按比例绘制)示出所选择的实施方案,并不旨在限制本实用新型的范围。详细描述以举例的方式而非限制性方式示出本实用新型的原理。此描述将明确地使得本领域技术人员能够制备和使用本实用新型,并且描述了本实用新型的若干实施方案、适应型式、变型形式、替代形式和用途,包括目前据信是实施本实用新型的最佳方式。
如本文所用,针对任何数值或范围的术语“约”或“大约”指示允许部件或元件的集合实现如本文所述的其预期要达到的目的的合适的尺寸公差。更具体地,“约”或“大约”可指列举值的值±10%的范围,例如“约 90%”可指81%至99%的值范围。另外,如本文所用,术语“患者”、“宿主”、“用户”和“受检者”是指任何人或动物受检者,并不旨在将系统或方法局限于人使用,但本主题实用新型在人类患者中的使用代表优选的实施方案。术语“近侧”和“远侧”用于参考各种部件相对于柄部的位置,该柄部被指定为操作该柄部的使用者的最近侧。
如图1所示,导管10包括细长导管主体12、中间偏转节段14、远侧电极组件或端部执行器100以及附接到导管主体12的近侧端部的偏转控制柄部16。根据本实用新型的特征,端部执行器100具有多个脊1A、1B、 2A、2B、3A、3B,该多个脊大致位于类似于扫帚的共用平面内,该扫帚具有大致位于共用平面内的刷毛。中间节段呈管状构件14的形式,该管状构件沿着纵向轴线L-L从近侧部分12延伸到远侧部分14A。远侧电极38D和近侧电极38P被提供为靠近远侧部分14A,使得电极38D和38P两者可配合(通过掩蔽一个电极的一部分并且掩蔽另一个电极上的不同部分)以限定参考电极(不与组织接触的电极)。还提供了一个或多个阻抗感测电极 38R以允许经由阻抗位置感测技术进行位置感测,如美国专利5,944,022; 5,983,126;和6,445,864中所述,其副本提供于优先权美国临时专利申请 62/841,154中,并且以引用方式并入本文。
远侧部分14A联接到图1中的端部执行器100。端部执行器100具有第一闭环构件1、第二闭环构件2和第三闭环构件3。每个环构件(1、2或 3)具有两个脊(A、B)和连接所述两个脊(nA、nB,其中n表示一个环的脊)的连接器(C)。因此,第一环构件1、第二环构件2和第三环构件 3被配置成使得第一环构件1、第二环构件2和第三环构件3中的每一者的每个连接器(C)与相邻环构件1、2、3的仅一个连接器(C)接触。例如,如图1所示,脊1A经由连接器环1C连接到脊1B以限定第一环构件 1;脊2A经由连接器环2C连接到脊2B以限定第二环构件2;脊3A经由连接器环3C连接到脊3B以限定第三环构件3。参见图2A,仅一个连接器 3C可接触两个其他连接器1C和2C,而在图2B中,每个连接器(1C、2C 或3C)可接触两个其他连接器(1C接触连接器2C和3C;2C接触连接器 1C和3C两者;3C接触连接器2C和1C)。在图2C所示的另选的实施方案中,三个环1、2和3可经由缝合线150附接,使得当端部执行器100不受约束或完全伸展时,环保持其空间构型。如下文将讨论,存在48个以网格状构型设置的电极37,其中至少四个附加电极37R设置在连接器1C、 2C和3C上,并且附加电极37S设置在端部执行器的近侧上。电极37R和 37S允许在网格电极无法到达所需空间位置的构型中进行信号覆盖。此外,三个环的空间构型允许电极环37限定网格(虚线),使得由于端部执行器 100的网格(正方形或矩形)性质,以最高分辨率捕获以正交方式(W1和 W2)传播的电信号。图2F示出了另一个实施方案,其中在端部执行器 100'的远侧端部处穿过弯曲连接器环1C、2C和3C的整个长度提供附加电极37R。
参照图2D,导管主体12可为具有单轴通道或中心管腔18的细长管状构造。导管主体12是柔性的,即可弯曲的,但是沿其长度基本上不可压缩。导管主体12可具有任何合适的构造并且可由任何合适的材料制成。在一些实施方案中,导管主体12包括由聚氨酯或PEBAX制成的外壁20。外壁20可包括不锈钢等的嵌入式编织网,以增大导管主体12的扭转刚度,使得当旋转控制柄部16时,导管10的中间节段14将以对应的方式进行旋转。
导管主体12的外径不是关键的,但优选地为不大于约8F(弗伦奇),更优选地约7F。同样,外壁20的厚度也不是关键的,但要足够薄,使得中心管腔18可容纳至少一根牵拉线、一根或多根引线和任何其他所需的线材、缆线或管。如果需要,外壁20的内表面衬有刚性管22,以提供改善的扭转稳定性。在一些实施方案中,外壁20具有约0.090英寸至约0.94 英寸的外径和约0.061英寸至约0.065英寸的内径。
如图2D和图2E所示,中间节段14包括管19的较短节段,该管具有多个管腔,例如,四个偏轴管腔31、32、33和34。第一管腔31承载脊 1A、1B、2A、2B、3A、3B上所承载的环形电极37的多根引线40S。第二管腔32承载第一牵拉线24。第三管腔33承载用于电磁方位传感器42的缆线36以及用于在端部执行器100近侧的导管上所承载的远侧环形电极38D 和近侧环形电极38P的多根引线40D和40P。电磁位置感测技术描述于美国专利5,391,199;5,443,489;5,558,091;6,172,499;6,590,963;和 6,788,967中。磁性位置传感器42可与阻抗感测电极38R在以下专利中描述的称为ACL的混合磁性和阻抗方位感测技术中一起使用:美国专利7,536,218;7,756,567;7,848,787;7,869,865;和8,456,182,其副本提供于优先权美国临时专利申请62/841,154中,并且以引用方式并入本文。
参见图2D和图2E,第四管腔34(例如,在例示的实施方案中与第二管腔32沿直径相对)承载第二牵拉线26。管19由合适的非毒性材料制成,所述材料优选地比导管主体12更具柔性。用于管19的一种合适的材料为编织聚氨酯,即具有嵌入的编织不锈钢等的网孔的聚氨酯。每个管腔的尺寸并非关键,但足以容纳引线、牵拉线、缆线和任何其他部件。
导管的可用长度即除端部执行器以外可以插入身体中的部分可以根据需要变化。优选地,可用长度在约110cm至约120cm的范围内。中间节段 14的长度是可用长度的相对较小部分,并且优选地在约3.5cm至约10cm的范围内,更优选地在约5cm至约6.5cm的范围内。
导管主体12可附接到中间节段14,如美国专利9,820,664的图2A和图2B所示和所述(其副本提供于优先权美国临时专利申请62/841,154中,并且以引用方式并入本文)。如果需要,可在导管主体内将间隔件(未示出)定位在刚性管(如果提供)的远侧端部与中间节段的近侧端部之间。该间隔件在导管主体和中间节段的接合部处提供柔性过渡区,柔性过渡区允许此接合部平滑地弯曲而不折叠或扭结。具有此类间隔件的导管描述于美国专利5,964,757中,其副本的公开内容提供于优选权美国临时专利申请 62/841,154中,并且以引用方式并入本文。
如图3的透视图所示,端部执行器100包括连接器管46,该连接器管安装在具有插入件200的中间节段14的管19的远侧端部上,以用于将脊连接到管状构件14(图4B)。连接管46具有容纳各种部件的中心管腔48。管19的远侧端部中的外周边凹口27(图2D)可用于附接连接管46和中间节段14,该外周边凹口接纳连接管46的近侧端部的内表面。中间节段 14和连接管46通过胶等附接。
同样如图3所示,连接管46容纳各种部件,包括电磁方位传感器42 和用于牵拉线24的远侧锚定杆51A以及用于线材26的另一个锚定杆51B (图3中仅可见用于线材26的锚定件51B)。在靠近中间偏转节段14的远侧端部的管19的外表面上所承载的远侧环形电极38D连接到形成于管19 的侧壁中的引线。引线的远侧端部被焊接到或以如在本领域中已知的其他方式附接到远侧环形电极38D。
端部执行器100从连接管46的远侧端部延伸,如图4A所示,其中多个脊1A、1B、2A、2B、3A、3B全部在不同的平面中延伸(图4C和图 4D)。每个脊1A、1B、2A、2B、3A或3B的长度可在约5mm和50mm之间的范围内,优选在约10mm和35mm之间的范围内,并且更优选地为约28mm。每个脊1A、1B、2A、2B、3A或3B(1A、1B、2A、2B、3A、 3B)的平行远侧部分17D可彼此间隔开如下距离,该距离在约1mm和 20mm之间的范围内,优选在约2mm和10mm之间的范围内,并且更优选地为约4mm。
用于无约束构型的环1、2和3的脊1A、1B、2A、2B、3A和3B的构型值得关于图4B、4C、4D和4E的深入讨论。如图4B所示,其为从管状构件14的近侧端部观察的剖视图,提供了其中心与纵向轴线L-L重合的管状插入件200。正交平面P1和P2与纵向轴线对齐以限定插入件200中的四个象限。在图4B所示的插入件200中,孔202、204、206、208、210和 212被提供用于插入相应的脊1A、2A、3A、3B、1B和2B。应当注意,脊 1A、3A、3B和2B大致设置在正交平面P2上,而脊2A和1B从正交平面 P1和P2偏移。开口214和216设置在正交平面P1上,以用于将牵拉线或电线以及任何其他部件插入到端部执行器100以及从端部执行器100插入。利用孔202、204、206、208、210和212的这种布置,环构件1、2和 3因此被排列成独特的无约束布置,如图4C的剖视图所示(当从近侧端部观察时),从而环3限定与正交平面P1相交的平面P3(由脊3A和脊3B 与连接器3C界定),并且环1具有与正交平面P1和P2两者相交的平面P4(由脊1A和脊1B与连接器3C界定),该环P2与具有与正交平面P1 和P2两者相交的平面P5(由脊2A和脊2B以及连接器2C界定)。
在图4D中显示为插入件200'的插入件200的一个另选实施方案中,孔 202、204、206、208、210和212的布置不同于图4B中孔的布置。具体地,环1的脊1A和脊1B现在被接纳到孔202和208中,使得孔202和 208(以及脊1A和1B)被布置成与正交平面P2在同一平面上(而不是如图4B中那样偏移)。脊3A和3B被接纳在正交平面P2上的孔206和212 中。脊2A和2B被接纳在相对于正交平面P2偏移的孔204和210中。由于脊在图4D的孔中的布置,因此环1、2和3被布置在图4D的截面图中(当从近侧端部观察时)。在图4D中,环1、2和3不受约束(图4A的平面图中所示)或从递送护套释放。在无约束构型中,第三环3限定与正交平面 P1和P2两者相交的平面P3(在脊3A和3B之间延伸);第一环1限定与正交平面P1和P2两者相交的平面P4(在脊1A和1B之间延伸);并且第二环2限定仅与正交平面P1相交的第五平面P5(在脊2A和2B之间延伸)。总而言之,在远侧部分14D附近提供插入件200(或200'),该插入件具有第一开口214和第二开口216,该第一开口和第二开口与第一正交平面P1相交并且沿着纵向轴线L-L延伸,使得开口214和216中的每一者被构造成接纳牵拉线(24或26)。插入件200(或200')包括设置在第一开口214和第二开口216之间的六个孔202、204、206、208、210、212,其中四个孔(206、208)与第二正交平面P2相交,孔中的每个孔被构造成接纳共同限定联接到远侧部分14D的端部执行器100的脊构件。端部执行器100具有三个闭环构件,其中每个环具有两个脊,使得三个闭环构件的六个脊构件设置在导管的远侧部分的相应六个孔中。
应当注意,本文提供的环1、2和3及其平面取向使得能够对环本身进行位置感测,因为每个环充当单轴磁线圈。利用排列成三个空间配置的三个环,环可用作三轴磁性传感器以感测使用Carto3标测系统在患者周围生成的磁场。简而言之,每对脊A和脊B是导电的并且经由连接器C连接,终止于不同的平面取向(图4C或图4E中的P3、P4、P5),并且包封由环(1、2或3)限定的区域。应当理解,特定的环充当具有单匝的线圈。因此,当由单匝线圈(一个环)封闭的区域被来自设置在受检者周围的辐射器的交变磁场穿过时,法拉第感应定律规定在所述对的不同第二端子上产生感应电压,并且该电压取决于封闭的区域面积、该区域的磁场强度以及该区域相对于磁场的取向。
具有多匝线圈的单轴传感器(SAS)在本领域中是已知的,并且如果它们位于已经被空间映射的交变磁场中,将会理解,SAS线圈两边产生的电压可以用于找到SAS线圈在磁场中的位置和取向。US20180344202(其副本提供于优选权美国临时专利申请62/841,154中,并且以引用方式并入本文)的图6描述了一种用于在映射磁场中找到SAS的方位和取向的算法,并且本领域技术人员将能够使用该算法的描述,经过必要的修改,来找到单匝线圈的方位和取向,诸如由一对脊(或环)限定的特定单匝线圈。对于n个导体,其中n是等于或大于2的整数,存在形成生成
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003068729720000111
个相应电压的单匝线圈的
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0003068729720000112
个不同可能的导体对。因此,对于这里考虑的6个导体(在它们各自的花键中),有至少3个可能不同的单匝线圈。每个单匝线圈两端的电压给出线圈的方位和取向,这是已知的或可估计的。根据几何关系,并且根据由各种单匝线圈产生的电压,CARTO3系统中的处理器可以估计端部执行器100的方位和取向。每对相对的导电脊通常形成总共三个平面椭圆的平面椭圆。由于脊和环的构型是已知的(如本文所提供),三个环1、2和3相对于彼此的取向将是已知的,因此该取向可用于计算端部执行器100的总体形状的取向。在美国专利申请S.N. 15/971,966中提供了单个导电构件(诸如用作单轴磁性感测线圈的环)与其他环结合的细节,该专利申请以US20180344202公布,其副本的全部内容在优先权美国临时专利申请62/841,154中提供,并且以引用方式并入本文。
图4A至图4D中的端部执行器100的独特平面构型呈现了当端部执行器100不受约束时在脊之间保持大致恒定的间距的一些挑战。具体地,在连接器1C、2C和3C会聚的情况下,有益的是用独立构件诸如例如夹具 500将环连接在一起,所述夹具在此处被示出为在图5A中在单一连接点中将连接器1C、2C和3C耦接在一起。夹具500可以是图5B的透视图中所示并且与端部执行器100组装在一起的细长曲线构件。另选地,夹具500 可为圆环的形式。在环1、2和3处于空间上固定的布置(诸如图5D所示的布置)的情况下,联接块504可用于确保连接器1C、2C和3C被布置成固定的空间构型,从而第一连接器1C延伸穿过第一通道504A,第二连接器延伸穿过通道504B,并且第三连接器3C延伸穿过第三通道504C。通道 504A、504B和504C在图5E中以联接块504的放大透视图示出。联接块 504包括延伸穿过块504的中心的纵向轴线L1。平面PA(类似于正交平面 P1)被取向成使得平面PA沿着纵向轴线L1(类似于纵向轴线L-L)延伸,并且正交平面PA平分第二通道504B。沿轴线L1(类似于正交平面 P2)延伸并且正交于平面PB的另一个平面PB被限定为使得四个象限 Q1、Q2、Q3和Q4可定义如下:象限Q1为与平面PB邻接或平面PB左侧并与平面PA邻接或平面PA上方的左上扇区,象限Q2为与平面PA邻接或平面PA右侧并与平面PB邻接或平面PB上方的右上扇区;象限Q3为介于平面PA右侧和与平面PB邻接或在平面PB下方之间的右下扇区;并且象限Q4为平面PA左侧并与平面PB邻接或平面PB下方的扇区。通道 504A从象限Q2延伸穿过联接块504到象限Q4;通道504B沿着平面PA 延伸穿过平面PB,使得通道504B延伸穿过所有象限;并且通道504C从象限Q1延伸到象限Q3。应当注意,夹具500、环502或联接块504可由生物相容性材料诸如例如镍钛诺或聚合物形成。可将生物制剂(诸如例如肝素或合适的血液稀释剂)添加到镍钛诺或聚合物中,以在生物受检者的器官或动脉中时进行洗脱。
如图6A和图6B所示,示出了四个脊1A、1B、2A和2B,其中脊1B 和2B上的覆盖件被移除,使得可看到环1的结构构件600。即,具有脊 (1A、1B、1C、2A、2B、2C、3A、3B、3C)的每个环具有细长形状记忆构件600,该细长形状记忆构件延伸穿过脊的长度到插入构件200和从插入构件200延伸。虽然优选的实施方案具有由单个单一材料形成的环的所有三个区段(例如,具有区段1A、区段1B和区段1C的环1),但三个区段可为彼此附连的分立部件也在本实用新型的范围内。每个环结构构件602 或604的近侧部分延伸到连接器管46的远侧端部部分中,并且在管腔48 中锚固到插入件200中(图4B和图4D)。为了确保环1、2、3可被压缩成用于递送到血管中的非常小的形状,我们设计了第一环1和第三环3具有图6C所示的不对称构型的结构构件602,而第二环2的结构构件604具有图6F的对称构型。结构构件602具有第一部分602A(形成第一脊1A或第三脊3A)、第二部分602B(形成第二脊1B或第三脊3B),以及连接到两个部分604A和604B的连接器部分602C(形成连接器1C或连接器3C)。结构构件604(图6F)具有第一部分604A(形成脊2A)和第二部分604B(形成脊2B),以及连接两个部分604A和604B的连接器部分 604C(形成连接器2C)。如图6D所示,连接器部分604C具有面积为大约0.41平方毫米的矩形横截面,而第一部分604A和第二部分604B具有大约0.41平方毫米的正方形横截面。鉴于镍钛诺线材是冷形成的,横截面积没有显著变化。因此,镍钛诺的面积惯性矩(沿着X轴和Y轴)在正方形镍钛诺部分处相等,并且在镍钛诺半径的冷形成部分处的抗弯刚度比为约 4:1。因此,在环半径处在一个平面中弯曲镍钛诺比在另一个平面中弯曲镍钛诺所花费的力少约四倍。镍钛诺由线材压缩成型以获得矩形或正方形横截面。优选的压缩镍钛诺半径尺寸为大约0.127mm(约0.005英寸)厚乘 0.33mm(约0.013英寸)宽。在厚度方面,厚度范围为0.101mm至约 0.152mm(约0.004英寸至约0.006英寸),并且在宽度方面,宽度范围为约0.28mm至约0.46mm(约0.011英寸至约0.019英寸)。形成环的优选镍钛诺线材形式的横截面为约0.21mm(约0.008英寸×0.008英寸)的正方形。可用于形成环的镍钛诺线材的范围为约0.18mm至约0.25mm(约 0.007英寸至0.010英寸)的正方形。直径在0.18mm至约0.25mm(0.007 英寸-0.010英寸)范围内的圆形线材也可用于形成环。
每个脊1A、1B、2A、2B、3A或3B1A、1B、2A、2B、3A或3B还具有覆盖形状记忆构件600的非导电覆盖件64,并且每个脊1A、1B、 2A、2B、3A或3B承载多个环形电极37,所述多个电极可为总共48至 124个电极。因此,端部执行器100承载约48至64个的多个电极,优选地在约48和100个之间的电极,并且更优选地约48个电极。端部执行器100 的表面积可在约10cm2至50cm2之间的范围内,优选地在约15cm2和25cm2之间的范围内,并且更优选地为约22.4cm2。在一些实施方案中,电极密度为每平方厘米约5个电极并且尺寸为约0.7mm×0.7mm。
在其脊1A、1B、2A、2B、3A、3B中具有形状记忆的情况下,端部执行器100可呈现至少两种构型:部署构型,其中脊1A、1B、2A、2B、3A、3B以图4B、4C、4D和4E所示的构型之一展开,以及塌缩构型,其中脊可大致沿着纵向轴线L-L捆绑在一起。
支撑构件600由具有形状记忆(即在施加力时可从其初始形状暂时变直或弯曲并能够在不存在该力或移除该力后基本恢复至其初始形状)的材料制成。一种适用于支撑构件的材料是镍/钛合金。此类合金通常包含约 55%的镍和45%的钛,但也可包含约54%至约57%的镍,剩余为钛。镍/钛合金为具有优异的形状记忆性以及延展性、强度、耐腐蚀性、电阻率和温度稳定性的镍钛诺。非导电覆盖件64可由任何合适的材料制成,并且优选地由生物相容性塑料诸如聚氨酯或PEBAX制成。如果需要,可去除支撑构件600,并且非导电覆盖件64的远侧端部可预成形为具有期望的曲率或构型。
延伸穿过其相应的非导电覆盖件64的每个形状记忆支撑构件600具有近侧端部,该近侧端部由合适的耦合器(例如,图5A至图5F)接纳并锚固在连接器管46的远侧端部中。脊电极37的引线40S延伸穿过保护性远侧聚合管68D。它们在连接器管46的远侧端部处分开,并且在其相应的形状记忆构件600旁边延伸到其相应的脊1A、1B、2A、2B、3A、3B的其相应的非导电覆盖件64中。每根引线40S通过形成于覆盖件64的侧壁中的相应开口(未示出)连接至其相应脊环形电极37,引线的远侧端部通过所述开口到达覆盖件64的外部并被焊接或以其他方式附接到其脊环形电极 37,如本领域所已知的。
在端部执行器100和连接器管46的接合部处,每个脊1A、1B、2A、 2B、3A或3B的非导电覆盖件64通过聚氨酯粘合剂等在其近侧端部处附接并密封到管46。如果需要,支撑构件600的近侧端部可进一步朝近侧延伸到连接器管46中。另外将聚氨酯等施加到每个脊的远侧端部,以密封该远侧端部并提供无创伤圆顶。
如上所述,端部执行器100可呈现至少两种构型:部署的膨胀构型 (图5A)和塌缩构型(未示出)。在端部执行器100处于部署的膨胀构型的情况下,每个脊的近侧部分17P展开并且大致在各种平面中延伸,如关于图4C和图4E所述,其中外脊1A和3B以远离导管的纵向轴线L-L的较大角度向外展开,并且内脊3A和1B以远离纵向轴线L-L的较小角度向外展开。在端部执行器100处于塌缩构型的情况下,脊捆绑成大致圆柱形形式以用于经由合适的护套递送穿过患者的解剖结构。
引线40S和40D的近侧端部电连接到控制柄部16的远侧端部中的合适连接器(未示出),该连接器连接到输入装置以感测在组织中产生的电信号(例如,心电图),从而允许端部执行器成为用于标测心电图信号的标测导管。另选地,电极37可连接到消融能量(例如RF能量)源以执行组织的消融,如本领域所已知的。
在示出的实施方案中(图3),延伸穿过导管主体12的中心管腔18以及偏转节段14中的管腔的引线40S可包封在保护性护套内,以防止与导管中的其他部件接触。保护性护套可由任何合适的材料,优选聚酰亚胺制成。正如本领域的技术人员可认识到的,护套可根据需要被消除。
环形电极37和38D、38P和38R可由任何合适的固体导电材料诸如铂或金,优选地铂和铱的组合制成,并且可用胶等安装到非导电覆盖件64和连接器管46上。另选地,环形电极可通过用导电材料如铂、金和/或铱涂覆非导电覆盖件64和连接器管46而形成。可使用溅射、离子束沉积或等同技术来施加涂层。
脊1A、1B、2A、2B、3A、3B上的环形电极37可沿每个脊大约均匀地间隔开。它们可形成任何所期望的图案,例如,“矩形网格”图案(图 7A中的100或图7C中的100”)或“正方形网格”图案(图7B中的100'和图7D中的100”')。在图7A的矩形网格中,电极37沿着纵向轴线L-L以大约2mm的间隔“i”间隔开,并且横向于纵向轴线L-L以大约2.7mm的间隔“t”间隔开,而在图7C的实施方案中,间隔“i”为大约2mm并且横向间隔“t”为大约2.4mm。在图7B的正方形网格中,间隔“i”为大约 2.7mm并且间隔“t”为大约2.4mm,而在图7D中,间隔“i”等于约 2.4mm的间隔“t”。
在另一个实施方案中,每个脊可具有“成对”电极,其由紧密间隔的环形电极对构成。如本文所用,术语“环形电极对”指一对环形电极,相较于它们与其他相邻的环形电极,它们彼此更紧密设置。在一些实施方案中,电极对的两个电极之间的距离小于约3mm,更优选地小于约2mm,还更优选地为约0.5mm至约1.5mm。电极对的数量可根据需要而变化,并且优选地范围为3至36对,更优选地为24对。
端部执行器100可承载例如24对(图1、2A、2B、2C或2D中的4对电极×6个脊),其中每对的两个电极之间的间距为大约1mm至大约 2mm。优选地,每个环形电极37相对较短,具有范围为约0.4mm至约 0.75mm的长度37L。无论环形电极37的尺寸和数量如何,电极对都沿着端部执行器100大约均匀地间隔开。紧密间隔的电极对允许更准确地检测相对于远场心房信号的近场肺静脉电势,这在试图治疗心房纤颤时是非常重要的。具体地,近场肺静脉电势为极小的信号,而位于极接近肺静脉处的心房提供大得多的信号。因此,甚至当标测阵列被放置于肺静脉区域中时,医师仍可能难以确定信号是小的近电势(来自肺静脉)还是更大的更远电势(来自心房)。紧密间隔的双极允许医师更准确地确定他正看着近信号还是正看着远信号。因此,通过具有紧密间隔的电极,能够精确瞄准具有肺静脉电势的心脏组织的位置,因此允许临床医生将疗法递送至特定组织。此外,紧密间隔的电极允许医师通过电信号确定心门的精确解剖位置。
电磁方位传感器42容纳在非导电覆盖件46的管腔中(图3)。传感器缆线36从方位传感器42的近侧端部延伸,并且穿过导管主体12的中心管腔18。缆线36附接到控制柄部16中的如在本领域中已知的印刷电路板。
牵拉线24和26(无论作为两个独立的拉伸构件还是单个拉伸构件的部件)被提供用于实现中间节段14的双向偏转。牵拉线24(图6A)和26 (图3)由控制柄部16中的机构致动,所述机构响应于拇指控制旋钮或偏转控制旋钮11。合适的控制柄部公开于以下专利中:美国专利6,123,699; 6,171,277;6,183,435;6,183,463;6,198,974;6,210,407和6,267,746中,这些副本的全部公开内容提供于优选权美国临时专利申请62/841,154中,并且以引用方式并入本文。
牵拉线(包括经由中间节段14处的T形杆的锚定件)的构造的细节如本领域中已知并且描述于例如美国专利8,603,069和9,820,664中,这些专利的全部内容以引用方式并入本文。在任一种情况下,牵拉线24和26均由任何合适的金属制成,诸如不锈钢或镍钛诺,并且各自优选地涂覆有特氟隆等。涂层赋予牵拉线润滑性。牵拉线的直径优选地在约0.006英寸至约 0.010英寸的范围内。
在使用中,将合适的引导护套(未示出)插入到患者体内,其中该引导护套的远侧端部定位在用于诊断诸如标测和/或治疗诸如消融的所需组织位置处或附近。可与本实用新型有关使用的合适的引导护套的示例为 Preface Braided Guiding Sheath,其可从Biosense Webster,Inc.(Irvine,Calif.) 商购获得。导管10穿过引导护套并穿过其推进到所需组织位置。具体地,端部执行器100的脊1A、1B、2A、2B、3A、3B是塌缩且拉直的,并且馈送到引导护套的近侧端部中。在端部执行器100已到达所需组织位置之后,根据需要朝近侧牵拉引导护套,从而至少暴露脊1A、1B、2A、2B、 3A、3B(如果不是也暴露可偏转中间阶段14)。在引导护套36的外部,脊1A、1B、2A、2B、3A、3B呈现部署构型,其中每个脊展开并且大致在图4C和图4D的多平面构型中延伸。端部执行器100具有第一侧100A和第二侧100B(图4C、图4D和图8)。这允许使用者抵靠组织表面放置第一侧100A(或100B),其中至少中间节段14(如果也不是导管主体12的远侧部分)大致垂直于组织表面,并且致动控制柄部以使中间偏转节段14 偏转以获得各种偏转或曲率半径(例如,图8中的箭头D1和D2),使得第二侧100B朝导管偏转回去,这可允许在节段14偏转时将包括环1、2和 3的端部执行器100的第二侧100B跨组织表面拖动。
在使用中,脊电极37与组织表面接触,从而在脊跨组织表面拖动以用于高密度电极感测和均匀且可预测的标测时,在远侧电极矩阵内大致保持彼此一致的分离间距。根据本实用新型的特征,端部执行器100具有“n×m”电极布局或布置,例如,四个脊,其中每个脊上八个电极,以实现总共48个紧密间隔的脊电极以用于标测。
在一些实施方案中,远侧环形电极38D和近侧环形电极38P用作3-D 标测系统(诸如CARTO)上的导管的可视化的参考电极。购自Biosense Webster,Inc.的3SYSTEM自动定位电磁性传感器42,处理来自电极38D 和38P的参考位置值,它们相对于电磁性传感器42处于恒定位置,并且确定脊电极37的位置并使电极端部执行器100的其余部分可视化。
已参考本实用新型的当前优选实施方案来呈现前述描述。本实用新型所属技术领域内的技术人员将会知道,在不有意背离本实用新型的原则、实质和范围的前提下,可对所述结构作出更改和修改。如本领域的技术人员所理解的,附图未必按比例绘制。另外,不同实施方案的不同特征可按需或适当地组合。此外,本文所述的导管可被配置成施加各种能量形式,包括微波、激光、射频和/或冷冻剂。因此,上述的具体实施方式不应当解读为仅适合附图所述和所示的精密结构,而是应当解读为符合下述的权利要求并且支持下述的权利要求,下述的权利要求具有本实用新型的充分和公平的范围。

Claims (25)

1.一种用于电生理学应用的导管,其特征在于,所述导管包括:
管状构件,所述管状构件沿着纵向轴线从近侧部分延伸到远侧部分;以及
端部执行器,所述端部执行器联接到所述远侧部分,所述端部执行器包括第一环构件、第二环构件和第三环构件,每个环构件包括两个脊和连接所述两个脊的连接器,并且所述第一环构件、所述第二环构件和所述第三环构件被构造成使得所述第一环构件、所述第二环构件和所述第三环构件中的每一者的每个连接器与相邻环构件的仅一个连接器接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的导管,其中每个脊包括:
细长构件,所述细长构件为脊提供结构支撑,每个细长构件被构造成具有矩形横截面,所述矩形横截面从所述远侧部分延伸以限定环。
3.根据权利要求2所述的导管,其中所述细长构件包括形状记忆材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的导管,其中所述形状记忆材料包括镍钛诺。
5.根据权利要求4所述的导管,其中所述镍钛诺包括冷加工的镍钛诺,并且在组装到所述远侧部分的所述孔中期间卷曲。
6.根据权利要求1所述的导管,其中每个脊包括:
细长结构,所述细长结构为每个脊提供支撑;
多个电极,所述多个电极联接到每个细长结构,所述多个电极相对于每个细长结构上的相邻电极并且相对于相邻细长结构上的电极以预先确定的间距间隔开,并且所述多个电极包括总共约30至约100个电极,其中每个细长结构的电极的数量包括约5至约15个电极;并且
所述多个电极中的至少一个电极是不透射线的。
7.根据权利要求1所述的导管,其中每个脊包括:
细长结构,所述细长结构为每个脊提供支撑;
多个电极,所述多个电极设置在每个脊上,所述多个电极相对于每个脊上的相邻电极并且相对于相邻脊上的电极以预先确定的间距间隔开,并且所述多个电极包括总共约30至约100个电极,其中每个脊的电极的数量包括约5至约15个电极。
8.根据权利要求7所述的导管,其中用于每个环构件的每个连接器包括:
至少一对电极,所述至少一对电极设置在所述连接器构件上,所述一对电极被构造用于心脏信号的双极感测。
9.根据权利要求8所述的导管,其中至少一对电极在连接每个环的所述两个脊的每个连接器构件上包括至少两对电极。
10.根据权利要求7所述的导管,还包括设置在所述远侧部分上的一对参考电极。
11.根据权利要求1所述的导管,还包括至少一个磁性传感器,所述至少一个磁性传感器设置为靠近所述远侧部分,使得能够在磁场下确定所述远侧部分的位置。
12.根据权利要求1或10中任一项所述的导管,还包括至少一个阻抗位置传感器,所述至少一个阻抗位置传感器设置为靠近所述管状构件的所述远侧部分,以允许基于所测量的生物受检者体内的阻抗来确定所述远侧部分的位置。
13.根据权利要求11所述的导管,其中所述磁性传感器包括三个单轴磁性传感器。
14.根据权利要求1所述的导管,其中每个环构件被构造成用作磁性传感器,使得能够在磁场下确定每个环相对于所述磁场的位置。
15.根据权利要求1所述的导管,还包括至少一根牵拉线,所述至少一根牵拉线设置在所述管状部中并且连接到所述远侧部分,使得所述至少一根牵拉线使所述远侧部分相对于所述纵向轴线偏转。
16.根据权利要求15所述的导管,其中所述至少一根牵拉线包括大体平行的第一牵拉线和第二牵拉线,所述第一牵拉线和所述第二牵拉线设置在所述管状构件中并且连接到所述远侧部分,使得所述第一牵拉线和所述第二牵拉线使所述远侧部分相对于所述纵向轴线在两个方向上偏转。
17.根据权利要求16所述的导管,其中所述第一牵拉线使所述远侧部分相对于所述纵向轴线偏转以限定第一曲率半径,并且所述第二牵拉线使所述远侧部分相对于所述纵向轴线偏转以限定小于所述第一曲率半径的第二曲率半径。
18.一种用于电生理学应用的导管,其特征在于,所述导管包括
管状构件,所述管状构件沿着纵向轴线从近侧部分延伸到远侧部分,所述远侧部分具有围绕所述纵向轴线设置的横截面,所述横截面与沿着所述纵向轴线延伸的第一正交平面和第二正交平面相交,所述远侧部分的所述横截面包括
第一开口和第二开口,所述第一开口和所述第二开口与所述第一正交平面相交并且沿着所述纵向轴线延伸,所述第一开口和所述第二开口中的每个开口被构造成接纳牵拉线;
六个孔,所述六个孔设置在所述第一开口和所述第二开口之间,其中四个孔与所述第二正交平面相交,所述孔中的每个孔被构造成接纳脊构件;以及
端部执行器,所述端部执行器联接到所述远侧部分,所述端部执行器包括三个闭环构件,其中每个环包括两个脊,使得所述三个闭环构件的六个脊构件设置在所述导管的所述远侧部分的相应六个孔中。
19.根据权利要求18所述的导管,还包括至少一个阻抗位置传感器,所述至少一个阻抗位置传感器设置为靠近所述管状构件的所述远侧部分,以允许基于所测量的生物受检者体内的阻抗来确定所述远侧部分的位置。
20.一种用于电生理学应用的导管,其特征在于,所述导管包括
管状构件,所述管状构件沿着纵向轴线从近侧部分延伸到远侧部分,所述远侧部分具有围绕所述纵向轴线设置的横截面,所述横截面与沿着所述纵向轴线延伸的第一正交平面和第二正交平面相交,所述远侧部分的所述横截面包括
第一开口和第二开口,所述第一开口和所述第二开口与所述第一正交平面相交并且沿着所述纵向轴线延伸,所述第一开口和所述第二开口中的每个开口被构造成接纳牵拉线;
六个孔,所述六个孔设置在所述第一开口和所述第二开口之间,其中四个孔与所述第二正交平面相交,所述孔中的每个孔被构造成接纳脊构件;
端部执行器,所述端部执行器联接到所述远侧部分,所述端部执行器包括第一闭环构件、第二闭环构件和第三闭环构件,所述端部执行器具有无约束构型,其中:
所述第一闭环构件包括第一脊,所述第一脊利用第一环连接器部分连接到第二脊,以在所述第一脊、第一环和所述第二脊之间限定第一大体平坦的表面,使得所述第一大体平坦的表面与所述第一正交平面和所述第二正交平面相交,
所述第二闭环构件包括第三脊,所述第三脊利用第二环连接器部分连接到第四脊,以在所述第三脊、所述第二环连接器部分和所述第四脊之间限定第二大体平坦的表面,使得所述第二大体平坦的表面与所述第一正交平面和所述第二正交平面相交,并且
所述第三闭环构件包括第五脊,所述第五脊利用第三环连接器部分连接到第六脊以限定第三大体平坦的表面,所述第三大体平坦的表面与所述第一正交平面和所述第二正交平面中的仅一者相交。
21.根据权利要求20所述的导管,还包括至少一个阻抗位置传感器,所述至少一个阻抗位置传感器设置为靠近所述管状构件的所述远侧部分,以允许基于所测量的生物受检者体内的阻抗来确定所述远侧部分的位置。
22.一种用于电生理学应用的导管,其特征在于,所述导管包括:
管状构件,所述管状构件沿着纵向轴线从近侧部分延伸到远侧部分;
端部执行器,所述端部执行器联接到所述远侧部分,所述端部执行器包括第一环构件、第二环构件和第三环构件,每个环构件包括两个脊和连接所述两个脊的连接器;以及
联接器块,所述联接器块连接到所述第一环构件、所述第二环构件和所述第三环构件的每个连接器,所述联接器被构造成具有延伸穿过所述联接器块的通道,以允许接纳所述第一环构件、所述第二环构件和所述第三环构件的相应连接器中的每个连接器。
23.根据权利要求22所述的导管,还包括至少一个阻抗位置传感器,所述至少一个阻抗位置传感器设置为靠近所述管状构件的所述远侧部分,以允许基于所测量的生物受检者体内的阻抗来确定所述远侧部分的位置。
24.一种用于电生理学应用的导管,其特征在于,所述导管包括:
管状构件,所述管状构件沿着纵向轴线从近侧部分延伸到远侧部分;
端部执行器,所述端部执行器联接到所述远侧部分,所述端部执行器包括第一环构件和第二环构件,每个环构件包括两个脊和连接所述两个脊的连接器;以及
联接器块,所述联接器块连接到所述第一环构件和所述第二环构件的每个连接器,所述联接器被构造有延伸穿过所述联接器块的直通通道,以允许接纳所述第一环构件和所述第二环构件的相应连接器中的每个连接器。
25.根据权利要求24所述的导管,还包括至少一个阻抗位置传感器,所述至少一个阻抗位置传感器设置为靠近所述管状构件的所述远侧部分,以允许基于所测量的生物受检者体内的阻抗来确定所述远侧部分的位置。
CN202020688542.3U 2019-04-30 2020-04-29 用于电生理学应用的导管 Active CN213665310U (zh)

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