Detachable heat-resistant wheat identification shed
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the crops cultivation, specifically, relate to a can dismantle heat-resisting appraisal canopy of wheat.
Background
Wheat is one of the most important grain crops in the world, and the yield and quality of wheat are seriously influenced by high temperature, particularly high temperature stress in the flowering period and the filling period. With global warming, in the later growth stage of wheat, disastrous weather such as dry hot air frequently occurs, in northern China, high-temperature weather frequently occurs in the later growth stage of wheat, particularly under the dry condition, typical dry hot air is formed, so that the wheat is forced to mature at high temperature, the yield reduction range can reach 10% -30%, and the method becomes one of main stress factors for wheat production in northern wheat regions. Therefore, the breeding and identification of the wheat variety with high temperature resistance and dry hot wind resistance are important ways for increasing the yield of the wheat. The heat resistance identification of wheat is developed in many researches, and the determination method mainly comprises direct identification methods such as field direct identification, artificial simulation climate condition identification and the like and indirect identification methods of physiological and biochemical indexes. The direct identification method is used for directly identifying the heat resistance of different wheat varieties in a field or a greenhouse simulated field environment, has the characteristic of objective evaluation, but has the defects of easy change of environmental temperature, poor test repeatability, generally multi-year and multi-point design of tests, labor and time consumption. The indirect identification method is characterized by physiological and biochemical indexes such as cell membrane thermal stability, canopy temperature, chlorophyll content and the like, compared with the direct identification method, the identification is fast and is not influenced by the growing season of plants, but the indirect identification method has the defects that a single index cannot objectively reflect the heat resistance of wheat, needs to be comprehensively considered, and finally needs field test. The greenhouse for simulating the climate generally uses a large-scale artificial climate chamber or a plastic greenhouse, and has large volume, fussy operation and higher cost.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a can dismantle heat-resisting appraisal canopy of wheat. The appraisal canopy can be dismantled, and is small, and the facility is nimble, prevents long-pending rain, prevents the strong wind, and the humiture is controlled in real time, is convenient for observe the record, can effectively improve the heat-resisting appraisal effect of wheat.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the specific scheme that:
a detachable wheat heat-resistant identification shed comprises a main frame, a shed cover matched with the main frame and a remote real-time temperature and humidity sensor; the main frame comprises a top arched shed, a middle supporting frame and a bottom supporting structure; the top arched shed is of a roof type and comprises a main beam and four oblique beams; the oblique beams are symmetrically distributed at two ends of the main beam in pairs, and the two oblique beams positioned at the same end of the main beam are arranged in an angle; the middle support frame is of a square structure and comprises two long rods arranged oppositely and two short rods arranged oppositely, and the short rods and the long rods are sequentially and vertically connected; the free ends of the four oblique beams are respectively connected with four corners of the middle supporting frame; the bottom supporting structure consists of four supporting columns which are arranged in parallel;
the canopy cover is a transparent plastic film, the thickness is about 0.1 mm, the light transmittance is more than 80-90%, the canopy cover is covered on the main frame, and the top of the canopy cover is provided with an operation window; an open angle is arranged at the position of the shed cover corresponding to the support column and is closed by a zipper or a knotted rope;
the main frame is inserted into field soil, the canopy covers the main frame to form an internal sealed space, and a remote real-time temperature and humidity sensor is arranged in the internal sealed space;
the length of the identification shed is 2.0-2.5 meters, the width of the identification shed is 1.5-2.0 meters, and the height of the identification shed is 1.6-2.0 meters.
As a further optimization of the scheme, the bottom end of the supporting column is provided with an extending tip, so that the bottom of the supporting column can be conveniently inserted into field soil.
As a further optimization of the scheme, the supporting columns are of telescopic structures, and the height of the identification shed is convenient to adjust.
Furthermore, the supporting column is composed of a plurality of single telescopic joints which are sequentially overlapped; the upper end of the single telescopic joint is provided with an internal thread, and the lower end of the single telescopic joint is provided with an external thread; the external thread at the lower end of the single telescopic joint at the morphological upper end is connected with the internal thread at the upper end of the single telescopic joint at the morphological lower end through threads. Or, the support column is made by last telescopic joint and lower telescopic joint, go up telescopic joint and lower telescopic joint and be hollow structure and all set up a plurality of jacks along the vertical direction on the festival body, go up the telescopic joint and insert and establish in telescopic joint down and fix through bolt II.
As a further optimization of the scheme, two oblique beams positioned at the same end of the main beam are rotatably connected with the main beam, at least two groups of insertion bayonets are oppositely arranged on the inner sides of the two oblique beams, and the two groups of insertion bayonets are positioned at different vertical heights; the angle between the two oblique beams is adjusted by fixing the angle adjusting rod between each group of inserting bayonets; the short rod is a telescopic rod and is matched with two oblique beams at the same end of the main beam at different angles.
Furthermore, the short rod is made by left telescopic joint and right telescopic joint, left telescopic joint and right telescopic joint are hollow structure and all set up a plurality of jacks along the vertical direction on the festival body, left telescopic joint is inserted and is established in right telescopic joint and pass through bolt I fixed.
Furthermore, the shed cover comprises a main cover and two identical side covers, the main cover is equally covered on two sides of the main frame structure by taking the main beam as a boundary, and zippers I are arranged at the front edge and the rear edge of the main cover; the top end of the sideshield is fixed on the main beam and comprises a triangular top and a square bottom, a first edge and a second edge are sequentially arranged on the left side and the right side of the top in an extending mode, and a third edge and a fourth edge are sequentially arranged on the left side and the right side of the bottom in a extending mode; and zippers II matched with the zippers I are arranged on the outer edge edges of the first edge, the second edge, the third edge and the fourth edge.
Has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses a through many times field test practice research invention can dismantle, nimble flexible quick-witted small-size heat-resisting canopy, go the installation promptly during the use, directly insert and establish in field soil, can build a good intensification environment for the heat-resisting appraisal of wheat, can improve the heat-resisting appraisal effect of wheat, in time breed out heat-resisting wheat new variety. Compare the problem of the periodic transplanting that exists in general big-arch shelter, the utility model discloses move traditional big-arch shelter seedling transplantation into and move the canopy, need not the periodic transplanting plant, make things convenient for specific period to observe the research to the wheat. Secondly, when the tradition carries out heat-resisting appraisal to wheat, transplant the wheat seedling to the big-arch shelter in, most growth cycle of wheat need be in the canopy internal growth, can increase the service pressure of big-arch shelter, and adopt appraisal canopy, through practice appraisal, only need in the later stage raise the temperature about ten days can, shortened the time cost greatly, moreover, promptly adorn promptly for the heat-resisting appraisal of wheat, convenient and fast, labour saving and time saving, easy operation can compress the cost greatly.
The top hunch canopy is room shape structure, and the angle accessible that is located between two sloping of girder same end fixes the angle adjusting lever between the not bayonet socket of inserting of co-altitude, and this is because geographical condition is different, the sun orbit changes in one day, and for make full use of solar radiation, the accessible is adjusted the top and is encircleed the canopy and adjust appraisal canopy daylighting angle, improves the effect of heating.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a main frame according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the evaluation shelter of example 1 after covering the shelter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the main frame according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the evaluation shelter of example 2 after covering the shelter;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the main frame according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the canopy of example 2 after it is fully deployed;
FIG. 7 is a view showing a structure of a telescopic structure of a short bar according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 8 is a view showing a telescopic structure of the supporting column;
FIG. 9 is a view showing a telescopic structure of the telescopic column;
in the figure: 1. a main beam; 2. an oblique beam; 3. a long rod; 4. a short bar; 41. a left expansion joint; 42. a bolt I; 43. a right expansion joint; 5. a support pillar; 51. an upper expansion joint; 52. a bolt II; 53. a lower telescopic joint; 54. a single expansion joint 6 and a shed cover; 61. a main cover; 62. a sideshield; 621. a top portion; 6211. a first extending edge; 6212. second extending; 622. a bottom; 6221. third edge extension; 6222. fourth edge extension; 7. opening an angle; 8. an angle adjusting rod; 9. a bayonet; 10. an operating window;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
A detachable wheat heat-resistant identification shed comprises a main frame, a shed cover matched with the main frame and a remote real-time temperature and humidity sensor; as shown in fig. 1, the main frame comprises a top shed, a middle support frame and a bottom support structure; the top arched shed is of a roof type and comprises a main beam 1 and four oblique beams 2; the oblique beams 2 are symmetrically distributed at two ends of the main beam 1 in pairs, and the two oblique beams 2 positioned at the same end of the main beam 1 are arranged at an angle; the middle support frame is of a square structure and comprises two long rods 3 arranged oppositely and two short rods 4 arranged oppositely, and the short rods 4 and the long rods 3 are sequentially and vertically connected; the free ends of the four oblique beams 2 are respectively connected with four corners of the middle supporting frame; the bottom support structure consists of four support columns 5 arranged in parallel.
Due to the design of the top arched shed, the accumulated water at the top of the shed after raining can be effectively avoided, and the heat-resistant identification deviation after raining is avoided.
The shed cover 6 is a transparent plastic film, plays a role in heating, is covered on the main frame, and is provided with an operation window 10 at the top; an open angle 7 is arranged at the position of the shed cover 6 corresponding to one of the support columns 5, and the open angle 7 is closed by a zipper or a knotted rope;
the main frame is inserted in field soil, the shed cover 6 covers the main frame to form an internal sealed space, a remote real-time temperature and humidity sensor is arranged in the internal sealed space, temperature and humidity changes can be acquired in real time, and the heat-resistant characteristics of varieties can be observed conveniently at instantaneous high temperature.
The length of the identification shed is 2.0 meters, the width of the identification shed is 1.5 meters, and the height of the identification shed is 1.6 meters.
The bottom of the support column 5 is provided with an extending tip, so that the bottom of the support column 5 can be conveniently inserted into field soil.
The support column 5 is of a telescopic structure, and the height of the identification shed can be conveniently adjusted. The telescopic structure is realized by two modes: the supporting column 5 consists of a plurality of single telescopic joints 54 which are sequentially overlapped; the upper end of the single telescopic joint 54 is provided with an internal thread, and the lower end of the single telescopic joint is provided with an external thread; the external thread at the lower end of the single telescopic joint at the morphological upper end is connected with the internal thread at the upper end of the single telescopic joint at the morphological lower end through threads. Or, the support column is made of an upper telescopic joint 51 and a lower telescopic joint 53, the upper telescopic joint 51 and the lower telescopic joint 53 are both of a hollow structure, a plurality of insertion holes are formed in the joint body along the vertical direction, and the upper telescopic joint 51 is inserted into the lower telescopic joint 53 and is fixed through a bolt II 52.
Example 2
A detachable wheat heat-resistant identification shed comprises a main frame, a shed cover matched with the main frame and a remote real-time temperature and humidity sensor; as shown in fig. 1, the main frame comprises a top shed, a middle support frame and a bottom support structure; the top arched shed is of a roof type and comprises a main beam 1 and four oblique beams 2; two liang of symmetric distributions of sloping 2 are at the both ends of girder 1, and two sloping 2 that are located girder 1 with the end are the angle setting, and this angle can be adjusted, and concrete structure is as follows: two oblique beams 2 positioned at the same end of the main beam 1 are rotatably connected with the main beam 1, three groups of insertion bayonets 9 are oppositely arranged at the inner sides of the two oblique beams 2, and the three groups of insertion bayonets 9 are positioned at different vertical heights; the angle between the two oblique beams 2 is adjusted by fixing the angle adjusting rod 8 between each group of inserting bayonets 9; after the angle between two sloping 2 changes, the length of the short rod 4 used for connecting between these two sloping 2 also changes, consequently will the short rod 4 sets up to the telescopic link to cooperate the different angles between two sloping 2 of the same one end of main girder 1. The short rod 4 is made by left telescopic joint 41 and right telescopic joint 43, left telescopic joint 41 and right telescopic joint 43 are hollow structure and all set up a plurality of jacks along the vertical direction on the festival body, left telescopic joint 41 inserts and establishes in right telescopic joint 43 and passes through bolt I42 fixedly.
The middle support frame is of a square structure and comprises two long rods 3 arranged oppositely and two short rods 4 arranged oppositely, and the short rods 4 and the long rods 3 are sequentially and vertically connected; the free ends of the four oblique beams 2 are respectively connected with four corners of the middle supporting frame; the bottom supporting structure consists of four supporting columns 5 which are arranged in parallel;
the shed cover 6 is a transparent plastic film and covers the main frame, and the top of the shed cover is provided with an operation window 10; when the angle of the top arched shed changes, the shed cover 6 covered on the main frame also needs to be adaptively changed. The shed cover 6 comprises a main cover 61 and two identical side covers 62, the main cover 61 is equally covered on two sides of the main frame structure by taking the main beam 1 as a boundary, and the front edge and the rear edge of the main cover 61 are provided with zippers I; the top end of the side cover 62 is fixed on the main beam 1 and comprises a triangular top 621 and a square bottom 622, the left side and the right side of the top 621 are respectively provided with a first edge 6211 and a second edge 6212 in an extending mode, and the left side and the right side of the bottom 622 are respectively provided with a third edge 6221 and a fourth edge 6222 in a extending mode; and the outer edge edges of the first edge 6211, the second edge 6212, the third edge 6221 and the fourth edge 6222 are all provided with zippers II matched with the zippers I. As shown in fig. 3 and 5, when the angle adjusting rod 8 is fixed at the position of the lowest group of the inserting bayonets 9, the angle between the two oblique beams 2 at the same end of the main beam 1 is minimum, at this time, no extending edge is needed, the canopy cover 6 is closed only by matching and closing the zipper I at the edge of the main cover 61 and the zipper at the edge of the side cover 62, and the extending edge can be rolled at the boundary; if the angle adjusting rod 8 is fixed on the middle group of the inserting bayonets 9, the zipper I at the edge of the main cover 61 is matched with the zipper II at the edge of the first extending edge 6211 and the third extending edge 6212 during closing so as to adapt to the change of the main frame.
The main frame is inserted into field soil, the shed cover 6 covers the main frame to form an internal sealed space, and a remote real-time temperature and humidity sensor is arranged in the internal sealed space;
the bottom of the support column 5 is provided with an extending tip, so that the bottom of the support column 5 can be conveniently inserted into field soil.
The support column 5 is of a telescopic structure, and the height of the identification shed can be conveniently adjusted. The telescopic structure is realized by two modes: the supporting column consists of a plurality of single telescopic joints 54 which are sequentially overlapped; the upper end of the single telescopic joint 54 is provided with an internal thread, and the lower end of the single telescopic joint is provided with an external thread; the external thread at the lower end of the single telescopic joint at the morphological upper end is connected with the internal thread at the upper end of the single telescopic joint at the morphological lower end through threads. Or, the support column 5 is made by last telescopic joint 51 and lower telescopic joint 53, go up telescopic joint 51 and lower telescopic joint 53 and all set up a plurality of jacks along the vertical direction on the festival body and hollow structure and the festival body, it is fixed through bolt II 52 that the telescopic joint is inserted 51 and is established in lower telescopic joint 53.
Example section: by utilizing the heat-resistant identification shed, a group of wheat variety heat-resistant tests are set, and the tested varieties comprise 10 varieties such as luomai 37, luomai 45, luomai 46, bainong 207, Zhoumai 18, Zhengmai 22, luomai 34, luomai 27, Xike 918, Xinmai 35 and the like. The detection time is 10 days (2019.5.17-2019.5.26), the daily average temperature is respectively 26 degrees, 25 degrees, 21.5 degrees, 21 degrees, 24.5 degrees, 27.5 degrees, 28.5 degrees, 28 degrees, 28.5 degrees, 27.5 degrees and the ten-day average temperature is 25.8 degrees; the average temperature in the shed per day is 34.2 degrees, 33.6 degrees, 31.7 degrees, 32 degrees, 34.6 degrees, 36.4 degrees, 37.1 degrees, 38.6 degrees, 38.7 degrees and 37.8 degrees, and the average temperature in the shed per day is 35.47 degrees. The temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the shed is 10 degrees, and finally, the thousand-grain weight of grains outside the shed in the shed after different varieties are mature is weighed, the sensible heat index of the variety is calculated according to the 11 th Lizhuan Xinjiang spring wheat variety heat resistance evaluation in 2017 of the wheat crop academic newspaper, and the heat resistance of the variety is evaluated according to the calculation.
The heat-sensitive index (S) = (1-stress environment thousand kernel weight/non-stress environment thousand kernel weight)/(1-stress environment thousand kernel weight average value of all varieties/non-stress environment thousand kernel weight average value of all varieties) S is less than 1, and is a heat-resistant variety, and S is more than 1, and is a heat-sensitive variety.
TABLE 1 evaluation of wheat varieties for Heat resistance
As can be seen from the table, Romai 46, Bainong 207, Zhouma 18, Zhengmai 22 and Romai 34 were heat-resistant varieties, and Romai 37, Romai 45, Romai 27, Xike 918 and Xinmai 35 were heat-sensitive varieties.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that certain insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.