CN211185232U - Production facility of tea-oil camellia matrix of growing seedlings - Google Patents
Production facility of tea-oil camellia matrix of growing seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN211185232U CN211185232U CN201921796151.7U CN201921796151U CN211185232U CN 211185232 U CN211185232 U CN 211185232U CN 201921796151 U CN201921796151 U CN 201921796151U CN 211185232 U CN211185232 U CN 211185232U
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- forming cylinder
- inner core
- camellia oleifera
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a production device of oil tea seedling raising matrix, which comprises a forming cylinder and an inner core cylinder, wherein the forming cylinder is provided with a cover body and a sieve plate, and a filtrate chamber is provided with a water feeding pipe, a dropping liquid pipe and a blow-off pipe; the inner core cylinder is connected with the hydraulic rod and is sleeved with the plastic bag through the annular groove and the fastening rope; the filtrate chamber is provided with a thermometer, and the sewage discharge pipe is connected with a pump; based on the production equipment, the utility model discloses still develop a preparation method of tea-oil camellia matrix of growing seedlings, including preparation, the laying of water-retaining layer E, the establishment of consumption fungus layer F and the shaping of matrix finished product I of growing seedlings steps such as of fiber drum body D. The utility model combines chemical methods such as a steam extraction method, a suction filtration method and the like, and utilizes agricultural wastes as raw materials to obtain a practical mixed nutrient G and a seedling substrate finished product I, wherein the mixed nutrient G can be used as a growth promoter of the oil tea seedlings; the finished seedling culture medium I is used as a planting cylinder of the camellia oleifera seedlings, has the microbial degradation characteristic, and achieves the effect of protecting the root systems of the camellia oleifera seedlings in the early stage of transplantation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a tea planting technical field especially relates to a production facility of tea-oil camellia matrix of growing seedlings.
Background
The camellia oleifera is propagated by seeds, cuttings or grafting. In order to maintain the excellent properties of the parents, cuttings or grafting seedling are mostly adopted, and then planting and afforestation are carried out. The sowing and seedling raising work of the oil tea can be carried out in winter and spring, and the drilling mode is more suitable.
The planting land of the camellia oleifera is preferably a slightly acidic soil distribution area which has a flat terrain, is sheltered from wind and faces the sun, has fertile texture and has good water retention and drainage performance. Before sowing, the seedbed is well prepared, sufficient base fertilizer is applied, then a layer of fine fertile soil is covered after sowing, and a layer of thin grass is covered on the fine fertile soil so as to keep the soil moist and enable the seeds to sprout and come out of the soil as soon as possible. When the seeds germinate and come out of the earth, thin grass needs to be uncovered in cloudy days or at evening, and weeding and soil loosening work can be carried out in time.
During transplanting, the camellia oleifera and the seedling culture medium thereof are generally transplanted into soil of a planting field, and due to the fact that the camellia oleifera planting field has more rainwater, nutrients, beneficial bacterial colonies or other water retention components in the seedling culture medium are easily washed away by the rainwater, weak and small camellia oleifera seedlings are caused to have adverse phenomena of inclination, insufficient nutrition and even lodging, development and growth of the camellia oleifera seedlings are influenced, and transplanting failure of the camellia oleifera seedlings is more likely to be caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at solving the defects existing in the prior art and providing production equipment of oil tea seedling raising matrix.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the production equipment of the camellia oleifera seedling raising matrix comprises a forming cylinder and an inner core cylinder, wherein the forming cylinder is a high-temperature-resistant high-strength glass cylinder body with an opening at the top, a cover body is arranged at the opening of the forming cylinder, screw holes are formed in the outer edge of the cover body, corresponding screw holes are also formed in the top of the outer wall of the forming cylinder, a handle is arranged on the top surface of the cover body, a fluoroplastic layer is lined on the inner wall of the cover body, the cover body is fastened at the opening of the forming cylinder through screws, and a heating plate is arranged;
the wall thickness of the forming cylinder is 6-13mm, a sieve plate is fixedly arranged in the middle of the forming cylinder and divides the forming cylinder into two parts, the upper half part of the forming cylinder is a forming chamber, and the lower half part of the forming cylinder is a filtrate chamber;
the top of the outer wall of the filtrate chamber is communicated with a water adding pipe and a liquid dropping pipe, the bottom of the outer wall of the filtrate chamber is communicated with a sewage discharge pipe, the water adding pipe, the liquid dropping pipe and the sewage discharge pipe are all provided with regulating valves, one end of the water adding pipe, which is far away from the forming cylinder, is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank, and one end of the liquid dropping pipe, which is far away from the forming cylinder, is connected to the;
the inner core cylinder is arranged right above the opening of the forming cylinder, the top end face of the inner core cylinder is fixedly connected with a hydraulic rod, the top of the side wall of the inner core cylinder is provided with an annular groove, the bottom of the inner core cylinder is sleeved with a plastic bag, the plastic bag is attached to the inner core cylinder, a fastening rope is bound at the bag opening of the plastic bag, and the fastening rope is clamped in the annular groove;
the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the inner core cylinder and the sieve plate is 30-70 mm;
the top of the filtrate chamber is provided with a thermometer, and the drain pipe is connected with a pump.
Preferably, a plurality of circular sieve holes are uniformly distributed on the sieve plate, the sieve plate has 7-12 circular sieve holes in total, and the size range of the circular sieve holes is 1-3 mm.
Preferably, the plastic bag is made of degradable polylactic acid plastic.
Preferably, the heating plate is in particular a GWB high temperature heating plate, which is connected to an electrical resistance heater.
Preferably, the lower half of the forming cylinder is provided with a fixing strip for erecting a sieve plate, and nylon pull ropes are arranged around the sieve plate.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
1. the final purpose of the utility model is to prepare a seedling substrate finished product I with a cultivation cylinder shape, and use the seedling substrate finished product I as a planting cylinder of oil tea seedlings, in the natural growth process of the oil tea seedlings, the water absorption and water retention of the cylinder wall of the seedling substrate finished product I can be higher, sufficient water and nutrient solution can be fully ensured in the seedling substrate finished product I, and the growth and development of the root system to the cylinder wall can be promoted; simultaneously the section of thick bamboo wall has certain protectiveness, can protect weak little oil tea seedling root system, also can guarantee that cultivation soil H is not washed away by the rainwater, avoids the soil erosion and water loss of root system department, guarantees that oil tea seedling is not blown askew and emptys, further guarantees the sufficiency of nutrition and moisture.
2. The utility model adopts the processes of high temperature alkali distillation and acid neutralization to soften the fiber branch A, extract the organic matters in the fiber branch A and the fiber powder B, and add plant nutrient solution as the nutrient substances of the strain to obtain the mixed nutrient G; the method comprises the steps of adopting waste such as camellia oleifera branches and leaves, camellia oleifera shells and the like as a fiber cylinder body D of a porous matrix, using the waste as a filtering material, then respectively adding a water retention layer E and a bacterium consumption layer F, adopting a filtering method to fill water retention agent particles, organic nutritional plants and strains into the fiber cylinder body D, sequentially adopting sodium alginate aqueous solution and calcium chloride aqueous solution for washing and filtering, using the two as adhesives to form a solidified calcified hydrogel, finally performing suction filtration and draining to obtain a seedling culture matrix finished product I, and taking the seedling culture matrix finished product I out of production equipment easily after dehydration and shrinkage.
3. The utility model combines chemical methods such as a steam extraction method, a suction filtration method and the like, fully utilizes the agricultural wastes, obtains a more practical mixed nutrient G and a seedling substrate finished product I, and the mixed nutrient G can be used as a growth promoter of the oil tea seedlings; the finished seedling substrate I is used as a planting cylinder of the camellia oleifera seedlings, and along with the decomposition of microorganisms and the growth force of root systems, the final structure of the planting cylinder collapses and is integrated with soil, so that the effect of protecting the root systems of the camellia oleifera seedlings at the initial stage of transplantation is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an assembly structure diagram of a production device of a camellia oleifera seedling raising substrate provided by the utility model;
fig. 2 is a simple schematic diagram of the use principle of the production equipment of the camellia oleifera seedling raising matrix provided by the utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a finished product I of the seedling substrate made by the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a forming cylinder 1, a forming chamber 101, a liquid chamber 102, an inner core cylinder 2, a cover body 3, a screw hole 301, a handle 302, a screw 303, a heating plate 4, a sieve plate 5, a water adding pipe 6, a dropping liquid pipe 7, a sewage discharge pipe 8, an adjusting valve 9, a water storage tank 10, a liquid adding funnel 11, a hydraulic rod 12, an annular groove 13, a plastic bag 14, a fastening rope 15, a thermometer 16, a pump 17 and a nylon pull rope 18.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a preparation method of a camellia oleifera seedling raising substrate comprises the following steps:
s1, processing a straw substrate, namely taking crushed branches of camellia oleifera, crushed leaves of camellia oleifera, barks and crushed shells of camellia oleifera as fiber waste, cutting the fiber waste obtained by processing the crushed branches of camellia oleifera through a chopper, screening the fiber waste by a separating screen to obtain fiber branches A and fiber powder B, filling 10kg of the fiber branches A into a forming chamber of a forming cylinder until the volume of the fiber branches A accounts for 93%, paving 0.83kg of potassium hydroxide powder on the surface layer of the fiber branches A, covering a cover body, fastening the cover body at an opening of the forming cylinder through screws, opening a water feeding pipe to fill 50% of the volume of water in a filtrate chamber, fastening each adjusting valve, starting a heating plate, controlling the heating temperature range to be 230 ℃, sealing and heating and steaming for 2 hours under high pressure, closing the heating plate, cooling for 9 minutes to make the temperature in the filtrate chamber reach 143.6 ℃, opening a liquid dropping pipe, adding 36% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution of 3L into the liquid feeding funnel, continuing to react for 4 hours, cooling to make the temperature in the chamber reach 24.7 ℃, obtaining a fiber cylinder C, fastening the inner core of the fiber cylinder by fastening a fastening rope in advance, opening a plastic bag, and pressing the central cylinder body to obtain;
s2, laying a water retention layer: taking water retention agent particles, fully absorbing water and swelling, draining surface water, mixing fiber powder B to make the fiber powder B adhere to the surface of the water retention agent particles, laying the water retention agent particles on the top surface of a fiber cylinder body D, and covering a thin layer of the fiber powder B to obtain a water retention layer E;
s3, establishing a consumed bacterium layer, namely taking 100g of peat soil, 450g of coconut husk, 80g of rice bran, 90g of yeast and 10g of nitrobacteria, fully stirring and mixing, laying the mixture on a water-retaining layer E, laying a layer of laterite layer, slightly flattening the laterite layer, taking 0.5L% of starch water solution, pouring the starch water solution into the laterite layer, and obtaining a consumed bacterium layer F after the moisture in the laterite layer is drained;
s4, forming a seedling substrate, namely opening a blow-off pipe and a pump machine, taking out filtrate, pouring the filtrate on a laterite layer, draining, repeating for 5-7 times, preparing 0.15L of 2-3% sodium alginate aqueous solution, adding trace citric acid, pouring the filtrate on the laterite layer, pouring the filtrate into the laterite layer after the laterite layer is drained, draining, pouring 0.15L of 5-10% calcium chloride aqueous solution onto the laterite layer, standing for 5-15min after the water is drained, adding a large amount of filtrate into the laterite layer, starting the pump machine, carrying out negative pressure suction filtration on a forming cylinder, draining most of water, receiving the filtrate at one end of the pump machine, collecting the filtrates, adding plant nutrient solution to obtain a mixed nutrient G, carrying out suction filtration for 10-20min, enabling a plastic bag to be tightly attached to soil, tearing off a fastening rope, starting a hydraulic rod, slowly taking out an inner core cylinder, lifting a hole plate by a nylon sieve, slowly lifting a pull rope, sequentially adding 3Kg of soil powder, 25G of a water-retaining agent, 270G of fiber powder B and 270G of plant ash powder B into a groove, and planting the final seedling substrate I.
During planting, the camellia oleifera is sprayed in the cultivation soil H, and the mixed nutrient G is sprayed on the cultivation soil H until the camellia oleifera germinates and grows; or planting the camellia oleifera seedlings in the cultivation soil H, and spraying the mixed nutrient G on the cultivation soil H until the root systems of the camellia oleifera seedlings grow; transplanting the planted seedling raising substrate finished product I into soil of a planting field after the camellia oleifera seedlings grow to a certain degree, and spraying part of mixed nutrient G, wherein the water absorbability and the water retentivity of the cylinder wall of the seedling raising substrate finished product I are higher in the natural growth process of the camellia oleifera seedlings, so that enough water and nutrient solution can be fully ensured to be contained in the seedling raising substrate finished product I, and the root system is promoted to grow and develop towards the cylinder wall; simultaneously the section of thick bamboo wall has certain protectiveness, can protect weak little oil tea seedling root system, also can guarantee that cultivation soil H is not washed away by the rainwater, avoids the soil erosion and water loss of root system department, guarantees that oil tea seedling is not blown askew and emptys, further guarantees the sufficiency of nutrition and moisture.
After the oil tea seedlings are transplanted for a period of time, along with the growth of strains, organic matters (such as straws, plant powder, organic substances and the like) in the finished seedling substrate I are gradually consumed, ions (mainly calcium ions, sodium ions and potassium ions) are absorbed by the root system and surrounding soil, and along with the growth force of the root system, the solidified structure of the finished seedling substrate I is finally collapsed and is blended into the soil, and finally the finished seedling substrate I becomes soil crumbled, but the soil crumbled finished seedling substrate I still has certain water retention capacity and beneficial bacterial colonies, so that the root system of the oil tea seedlings is further protected, namely when the root system of the oil tea seedlings completely develops, namely the structure of the finished seedling substrate I is collapsed, and at the moment, the finished seedling substrate I basically loses the protection capacity on the root system.
Degradation test of seedling substrate finished product I:
preparing 10 finished seedling culture substrates I with the inner diameter of planting holes of 19.6cm and the outer diameter of a planting cylinder of 36.4cm by adopting the same components and the method, selecting 10 groups of camellia oleifera seedlings with the heads of 5-7cm long and the root systems of 2-3cm, and respectively planting the camellia oleifera seedlings in the culture soil H of the 10 finished seedling culture substrates I, applying a small amount of potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer in the initial stage of planting, adopting the same batch of mixed nutrient G with the same components, pouring 3L mixed nutrient G once, burying the mixed nutrient G in the soil of the same ridge, pouring the mixed nutrient G once every two days, properly watering and applying humic acid fertilizer according to weather and growth conditions, continuing for 10 days, spraying the mixed nutrient G once per week and spraying water to dilute the nutrient, keeping the natural moisture of the camellia oleifera seedlings after the period of planting, applying pesticide and fertilizer according to weather and growth conditions, observing the number of bacterial colonies and the growth conditions of the finished seedlings, and observing the growth conditions of the finished seedlings at the surfaces, wherein the culture soil I and the culture soil I are as follows:
the determination of the total number of bacterial colonies comprises the steps of taking 25g of finished seedling substrate I, placing the finished seedling substrate I in a sterilized glass bottle of 225m L sterilized normal saline, fully grinding the finished seedling substrate I to prepare 1: 10 uniform diluent, continuously diluting the diluent, taking out 1m L of each diluent, placing the diluent in a sterilized plate, mixing the diluent with a nutrient agar culture medium, culturing the diluent for 48 hours at a certain temperature, recording the number of bacterial colonies formed in each plate, calculating the total number of bacterial colonies contained in each gram of original samples according to the dilution times, and finally taking the average value.
Test of tensile breaking Strength: taking the cylinder wall of a seedling substrate finished product I with the length of 5cm and the width of 2cm, (note: after 120 days, the whole cylinder wall cannot be taken, slightly compacting and then testing the tensile force), clamping two ends, fixing one end, connecting the other end with a spring dynamometer, shooting by digital codes, observing and recording the force when the seedling substrate is broken,
TABLE 1 degradation test of finished seedling substrate I at different growth times
| Growth cycle/d | 30 | 45 | 60 | 90 | 105 | 120 | 135 | 150 | 165 | 180 |
| Total colony count CUF/106g | 1.21 | 1.32 | 1.43 | 1.64 | 5.81 | 18.1 | 16.9 | 17.4 | 6.1 | 6.5 |
| Tensile breaking strength/N | 35.1 | 34.7 | 35.6 | 32.1 | 27.4 | 10.1 | 4 | 1 | <0.1 | <0.1 |
The above, only be the concrete implementation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art is in the technical scope of the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and the utility model, the concept of which is equivalent to replace or change, should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The production equipment of the camellia oleifera seedling raising matrix comprises a forming cylinder (1) and an inner core cylinder (2), and is characterized in that the forming cylinder (1) is a high-temperature-resistant high-strength glass cylinder with an open top, a cover body (3) is arranged at an opening of the forming cylinder (1), a screw hole (301) is formed in the outer edge of the cover body (3), a corresponding screw hole (301) is also formed in the top of the outer wall of the forming cylinder (1), a handle (302) is arranged on the top surface of the cover body (3), a fluoroplastic layer is lined on the inner wall of the cover body (3), the cover body (3) is fastened at the opening of the forming cylinder (1) through a screw (303), and a heating plate (4) is arranged on the bottom wall of the forming cylinder (1);
the wall thickness of the forming cylinder (1) is 6-13mm, a sieve plate (5) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the forming cylinder (1), the sieve plate (5) divides the forming cylinder (1) into two parts, the upper half part of the forming cylinder (1) is a forming chamber (101), and the lower half part of the forming cylinder (1) is a filtrate chamber (102);
the top of the outer wall of the filtrate chamber (102) is communicated with a water adding pipe (6) and a liquid dropping pipe (7), the bottom of the outer wall of the filtrate chamber (102) is communicated with a sewage discharge pipe (8), the water adding pipe (6), the liquid dropping pipe (7) and the sewage discharge pipe (8) are respectively provided with an adjusting valve (9), one end of the water adding pipe (6) far away from the forming cylinder (1) is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank (10), and one end of the liquid dropping pipe (7) far away from the forming cylinder (1) is connected to the bottom of the liquid adding funnel (11);
the inner core cylinder (2) is arranged right above an opening of the forming cylinder (1), a hydraulic rod (12) is fixedly connected to the top end face of the inner core cylinder (2), an annular groove (13) is formed in the top of the side wall of the inner core cylinder (2), a plastic bag (14) is sleeved at the bottom of the inner core cylinder (2), the plastic bag (14) is attached to the inner core cylinder (2), a fastening rope (15) is bound at the bag opening of the plastic bag (14), and the fastening rope (15) is clamped in the annular groove (13);
the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the inner core cylinder (2) and the sieve plate (5) is 30-70 mm;
a thermometer (16) is arranged at the top of the filtrate chamber (102), and the sewage discharge pipe (8) is connected with a pump (17).
2. The production equipment of the camellia oleifera seedling raising matrix according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of circular sieve holes are uniformly distributed on the sieve hole plate (5), the sieve hole plate (5) has 7-12 circular sieve holes in total, and the size range of the circular sieve holes is 1-3 mm.
3. The production equipment of the camellia oleifera seedling raising matrix according to claim 1, wherein the plastic bag (14) is made of degradable polylactic acid plastic.
4. A production facility of camellia oleifera seedling raising substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating plate (4) is a GWB high temperature heating plate, and the heating plate (4) is connected with a resistance heater.
5. The production equipment of the camellia oleifera seedling raising matrix according to claim 1, wherein the lower half part of the forming cylinder (1) is provided with a fixing strip for erecting a sieve plate (5), and nylon pull ropes (18) are arranged around the sieve plate (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921796151.7U CN211185232U (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2019-10-24 | Production facility of tea-oil camellia matrix of growing seedlings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921796151.7U CN211185232U (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2019-10-24 | Production facility of tea-oil camellia matrix of growing seedlings |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN211185232U true CN211185232U (en) | 2020-08-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921796151.7U Withdrawn - After Issue CN211185232U (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2019-10-24 | Production facility of tea-oil camellia matrix of growing seedlings |
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| CN (1) | CN211185232U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110574660A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2019-12-17 | 安徽德昌苗木有限公司 | production equipment and preparation method of camellia oleifera seedling raising matrix |
| CN112429341A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-02 | 安徽万秀园生态农业集团有限公司 | Mechanism for sealing end of columnar seedling culture substrate |
-
2019
- 2019-10-24 CN CN201921796151.7U patent/CN211185232U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110574660A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2019-12-17 | 安徽德昌苗木有限公司 | production equipment and preparation method of camellia oleifera seedling raising matrix |
| CN112429341A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-02 | 安徽万秀园生态农业集团有限公司 | Mechanism for sealing end of columnar seedling culture substrate |
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