CN210202432U - Electrically-driven multifunctional direct-inserting hole-sowing type seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

An electrically-driven multifunctional direct-insertion hole sowing type seeder comprises a frame arranged on a land wheel, wherein a hole forming device and a seed taking device which are matched with each other are arranged on the frame, the hole forming device comprises a plurality of hole forming rods and conical duckbills fixed to the bottoms of the hole forming rods, two row spacing control rulers are transversely arranged on the frame, the hole forming rods are connected with a first row spacing control ruler, and the hole forming rods are longitudinally connected with the frame through push rods; a cavitation shaft is arranged on the frame, a motor drives a chain wheel arranged on the cavitation shaft through a speed reducer, and the cavitation shaft drives a cavitation rod to move through a first eccentric wheel, so that the cavitation rod can do linear reciprocating motion up and down; the seed taking device comprises a second plant spacing control ruler and a plurality of seed taking sliding blocks arranged on the second plant spacing control ruler, sliding grooves are formed in the corresponding seed taking sliding blocks, a seed box is arranged on each sliding groove, and the seed taking sliding blocks perform linear reciprocating motion in the sliding grooves to achieve seed taking. The utility model has good performance of digging holes and seeding, and is suitable for various terrains.

Description

Electrically-driven multifunctional direct-inserting hole-sowing type seeder

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, concretely relates to multi-functional bunch planting formula seeder of cutting straightly of electric drive.

Background

The Chinese medicinal materials are Chinese traditional medicine prescriptions and raw materials of patent medicines, wherein the supply quantity of cultivated medicinal materials accounts for 70% of the total amount of the medicinal materials, and the planted medicinal materials become the main sources of Chinese medicinal materials. Wherein, the codonopsis pilosula is used as a traditional tonifying medicine commonly used in China, and has the effects of tonifying middle-jiao and Qi, strengthening spleen and benefiting lung, enhancing immunity, dilating blood vessels, reducing blood pressure, improving microcirculation, enhancing hematopoietic function and the like. In addition, the composition has an effect of improving leucocyte reduction caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The Gansu province Longxi county is famous for thousands of years of drug villages in China, the traditional Chinese medicine industry has long-term development, the traditional Chinese medicine industry has rich traditional Chinese medicine resources, more than 310 natural crude drugs exist, and the yield of the variety of the genuine medicinal materials such as the codonopsis pilosula and the astragalus accounts for 70-95% of the whole country. The codonopsis pilosula is mainly planted and supplied by home operation of farmers, the traditional codonopsis pilosula planting mode is field planting, after ginseng seedlings grow for one year, the ginseng seedlings are field planted in spring or autumn, wherein the ginseng seedlings are dug during transplanting, damaged and diseased seedlings are removed, the row spacing is 20-30 cm, the furrow depth is 16-18 cm, the plant spacing is 7-10 m, the ginseng roots are obliquely placed in a ditch, the roots are lifted, the roots are straightened slightly, then the soil is covered and filled, and the soil is covered preferably by more than 7 cm of the reed heads.

At present, the sowing mode of the ginseng seedlings of the codonopsis pilosula at home and abroad is the traditional sowing mode, namely seeds and equivalent fine soil are uniformly mixed and then sowed on a seedbed, the seeds are compacted to be tightly combined with soil, and the sowing mode is generally carried outThe amount of the seed is 50-60 kg/hm²The whole sowing process mainly depends on manual work, and a special codonopsis pilosula seedling mechanical sowing machine is not provided, so that the sowing efficiency is low, the labor intensity is high, and the emergence rate is low, so that the planting area cannot be scaled in a large scale, the yield cannot meet the market demand, and the codonopsis pilosula production cost is high every year; in addition, the growing environment of the ginseng seedlings is severe, especially for arid areas such as Gansu Longxi county, the traditional breeding mode restricts the development of the industrial chain and restricts the growing development of the codonopsis pilosula in situ.

Compared with the developed countries, the sowing machinery in China has obvious defects in the aspects of sowing precision, sowing reliability and sowing machinery service life. Various crops hole-digging type seeding machines such as cotton seeding machines, grain seeding machines, vegetable seeding machines and the like are newly developed in domestic markets, and the development technology is gradually mature. However, no film-covering hole-sowing type ginseng seedling sowing machine exists at present. Asynchronous dibbling seeder among current dibbling seeder is because its theory of operation limits for research work hardly has new development, and most work stops in the development of synchronous dibbling seeder. In particular to the popularization and application of the planting technology of mulching film mulching and straw returning in recent years, the method puts new requirements on seeding machines. So far, the research and development of the hole-making seeder still focuses on the hole-making principle and structure of the hole-making device and the matching relationship between seed-feeding and hole-making of the seed-metering device.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to the problem among the above-mentioned prior art, provide a multi-functional bunch planting formula seeder of cutting straightly of electric drive, have good hitting cave, seeding performance, simple structure, convenient operation is fit for multiple topography.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model comprises a frame arranged on a land wheel, a cavitation device and a seed taking device which are matched with each other are arranged on the frame, the cavitation device comprises a plurality of cavitation rods and a conical duckbill fixed at the bottom of each cavitation rod, two plant spacing control rulers are transversely arranged on the frame, the cavitation rods are connected with a first plant spacing control ruler, and the cavitation rods are longitudinally connected with the frame through push rods; a cavitation shaft is arranged on the frame, a motor drives a chain wheel arranged on the cavitation shaft through a speed reducer, and the cavitation shaft drives a cavitation rod to move through a first eccentric wheel, so that the cavitation rod can do linear reciprocating motion up and down; the seed taking device comprises a second plant spacing control ruler and a plurality of seed taking sliding blocks arranged on the second plant spacing control ruler, sliding grooves are arranged corresponding to the seed taking sliding blocks, a seed box is arranged on each sliding groove, and the seed taking sliding blocks perform linear reciprocating motion in the sliding grooves to realize seed taking.

The frame on be provided with the car handrail, the land wheel includes two preceding land wheels and two back land wheels, two preceding land wheels meet through the car front axle, two back land wheels meet through the car rear axle, link to each other through damping device between land wheel and the frame. Damping device is including setting up the spring in the middle of the sleeve, and the plantago axle is supported by UCP bearing with the car rear axle, and UCP bearing connection is fixed on the sleeve, and the spring bearing is between frame and UCP bearing, and the sleeve is slotted along vertical direction, installs the bolt on the groove, and the bolt can reciprocate along the groove.

A seed taking shaft is arranged at the rear part of the frame, the seed taking shaft obtains power from the hole forming shaft through a chain and a chain wheel, second eccentric wheels are arranged at two ends of the seed taking shaft, and the second eccentric wheels are connected with a plant spacing control ruler through a second connecting rod; the front part of the frame is provided with a cam shaft, the cam shaft obtains power from the cavitation shaft through a chain and a chain wheel, cams are arranged at two ends of the cam shaft, the push rod is sleeved on the frame, a roller is arranged at the end part of the push rod, and the roller and the cams are matched to rotate to realize longitudinal movement of the cavitation rod.

The camshaft is supported by a UCP bearing fixed on the frame, and the roller is connected to the push rod by a pin.

The cavitation rod is transversely connected into a row through a first plant spacing control ruler, two ends of the first plant spacing control ruler are connected to two sides of the frame through second guide rods, the top end of each second guide rod is hinged to the first eccentric wheel through a first connecting rod, the first guide rod is hinged to the first connecting rod, a screw motor is fixed to the first guide rod, a screw nut is fixedly connected to the second guide rod, and the screw motor and the screw nut are matched in threaded connection. The frame is provided with a storage battery, and the motor and the screw motor are powered by the storage battery.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a can carry on cavitation device and seed extractor at the frame that the field removed, the cavitation pole of cavitation device not only can carry out straight reciprocating motion from top to bottom, can vertically drive through the push rod and be horizontal straight reciprocating motion moreover, can realize the zero-speed hill-drop. Two plant spacing control rulers are transversely installed on the frame, the hole forming rod is connected with the first plant spacing control ruler, the seed taking slide block is installed on the second plant spacing control ruler, and the seeding mode can be adjusted by controlling the motor, so that the seeding machine is suitable for various seeding environmental conditions. The utility model discloses not only can be applicable to the seeding of breeding of codonopsis pilosula ginseng seedling, also can realize the multi-functionalization, realize the seeding of various seed grain type plants through the size of changing the seed case. The utility model discloses the total equipment quality of machinery is light, and is easy and simple to handle, and is with low costs, can the real-time supervision sow cave depth, avoids appearing lou seeding and invalid seeding.

Further, the utility model discloses link to each other through damping device between land wheel and the frame, damping device is including setting up the spring in the middle of the sleeve, the plantago axle is supported by UCP bearing with the car rear axle, UCP bearing connection is fixed on the sleeve, spring support is between frame and UCP bearing, the sleeve is along vertical direction fluting, installation bolt in the groove, the bolt can reciprocate along the groove, be automatically controlled variable spring suspension with the suspension design, can change the rigidity of suspension and highly in order to adapt to the seeding condition more, satisfy the requirement of accurate seeding.

Further, the utility model discloses have good cave, seeding performance, simple structure, convenient operation is fit for multiple topography, can show ground surface temperature that improves, humidity, improves illumination intensity, reduces the evaporation of surface water. The application of the seeder improves the growth environment of the ginseng seedlings, improves the quality of the codonopsis pilosula, enlarges the planting area of the codonopsis pilosula and the ginseng seedlings, improves the working efficiency and promotes the development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry. The whole machine adopts electric drive and electric seed sowing, the power configuration adopts a more environment-friendly storage battery, and the whole machine is driven by a brushless motor. Compared with the prior diesel engine or gasoline engine, the noise can be effectively reduced, and the mechanical vibration can be reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the cavitation device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the seed extractor of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of a depth adjustment portion of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the damping device of the present invention;

in the drawings: 1. a handlebar; 2. an electric motor; 3. a speed reducer; 4. a storage battery; 5. a frame; 6. a first chain; 7. a first sprocket; 8. a second sprocket; 9. a third sprocket; 10. a cavitation shaft; 11. a fourth sprocket; 12. a second strand; 13. a third strand; 14. a fifth sprocket; 15. a sixth sprocket; 16. a front axle; 17. a sleeve; 18. a bolt; 19. a spring; 20. a land wheel; 21. a camshaft; 22. a cam; 23. a roller; 24. a tapered duckbill; 25. a push rod; 26. a cavitation rod; 27. a second guide bar; 28. a lead screw nut; 29. a lead screw motor; 30. a first guide bar; 31. a first link; 32. a first eccentric wheel; 33. turning a rear axle; 34. a chute; 35. a hole is formed; 36. a seed taking slide block; 37. a plant spacing control ruler; 38. a seed box; 39. a second link; 40. a second eccentric wheel; 41. taking a seed shaft; 42. a seventh sprocket; 43. a fourth strand; UCP bearing.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, in the electrically driven direct-insert hill-drop planter of the present invention, the vehicle handle 1, the motor 2, the speed reducer 3 and the battery 4 are fixed on the frame 5 through the bolt connection, and the motor 2 and the battery 4 are used as power sources.

The cavitation shaft 10 is supported by a UCP bearing 44 which is fixed on the frame 5 through bolt connection; the first chain wheel 7, the second chain wheel 8 and the third chain wheel 9 are fixedly connected with the cavitation shaft 10 through keys; a first eccentric wheel (crank A)32 is fixed on the cavitation shaft 10 through bolt connection; the first connecting rod 31 is hinged on a first eccentric wheel (crank A)32 through bolt connection; the first guide rod 30 is hinged on the first connecting rod 31 through bolt connection; the screw motor 29 is fixed on the first guide rod 30 through a screw; the screw nut 28 is fixed on the second guide rod 27 through screw connection, and the screw motor 29 is matched with the screw nut 28 through threaded connection; the second guide rod 27 is sleeved on the push rod 25; the cavitation rod 26 is fixed on the second guide rod 27 through a row spacing control ruler 37 by adopting threaded connection; the movable cone-shaped duck bill 24 is connected to a cavitation rod (fixed duck bill) 26 through a pin; the push rod 25 is sleeved on the frame 5; the roller 23 is connected to the push rod 25 by a pin; the camshaft 21 is supported by a UCP bearing 44 which is fixed on the frame 5 through bolt connection; the fourth chain wheel 11 is fixed on the camshaft 21 through key connection; the cam 22 is connected to the cam shaft 21 through a bolt; the rotary motion of the first eccentric wheel (crank A)32 is converted into the up-and-down linear reciprocating motion of the hole forming rod 26 through the first connecting rod 31, and the continuous seeding requirement is realized. The rotational motion of the cam 22 is converted into the left-right linear reciprocating motion of the push rod 25 via the roller 23. The zero-speed sowing of the sowing machine is realized through the combination of the crank guide rod mechanism and the cam mechanism.

Referring to fig. 2-5, the seed shaft 41 of the present invention is supported by UCP bearing 44, and UCP bearing 44 is fixed on the frame 5 through bolt connection; the seventh chain wheel 42 is fixed on the seed taking shaft 41 through key connection; a second eccentric wheel (crank B)40 is fixed on the seed taking shaft 41 through bolt connection; the second connecting rod 39 is connected to a second eccentric wheel (crank B)40 through a bolt; the seed-taking slide block 36 and the plant spacing control ruler are connected on a second connecting rod 39 through bolts; the shaped hole 35 is arranged on the seed taking slide block 36; the chute 34 is fixed on the frame 5 through bolt connection; the seed box 38 is fixed on the chute 34 through bolt connection; the land wheel 20 drives the seed taking shaft 41 to rotate through chain transmission, the seed taking shaft 41 drives the second eccentric wheel (crank B)40 on the shaft to rotate, and the seed taking slide block 36 is driven to do linear reciprocating motion in the sliding groove 34 through the second connecting rod 39, so that the seed taking process is realized. The first guide rod 30 of the utility model is hinged on the first connecting rod 31 through bolt connection; the screw motor 29 is fixed on the first guide rod 30 through a screw; the screw nut 28 is fixed on the second guide rod 27 through screw connection, and the screw motor 29 is matched with the screw nut 28 through threaded connection; the second guide rod 27 is sleeved on the push rod 25; the cavitation rod 26 is fixed on the second guide rod 27 through a row spacing control ruler 37 by adopting threaded connection; the main ball screw device of the depth adjusting device is completed by adopting automatic control, namely, the flatness condition of the ground is collected by a sensor, a signal is given to a screw motor 29, the screw motor 29 drives the ball screw to rotate, the cavitation rod 26 is fixed on a screw nut 28 through bolt connection at the moment, and the screw nut 28 is in linear motion under the action of the screw, so that the depth adjusting function is realized. The spring 19 is arranged on the sleeve 17, the spring 19 is sleeved on the frame 5, and the sleeve 17 is connected with the frame 5 through the bolt 18; the front axle 16 is supported by a UCP bearing 44 which is fixed on the sleeve 17 through bolt connection; the fifth chain wheel 14 and the sixth chain wheel 15 are fixedly connected with a front axle 16 through keys; the rear axle 33 is supported by a UCP bearing 44 which is fixed on the sleeve 17 by bolt connection; four ground wheels 20 are mounted on the front axle 16 and the rear axle 33, respectively.

The utility model discloses a working process does: the motor, the storage battery 4 and the motor 2 are used as power sources; the power is transmitted to the speed reducer 3 by the motor 2 and then transmitted to the hole forming shaft 10 by the first chain 6, the hole forming shaft 10 drives the rotation motion of the first eccentric wheel (crank A)32 to be converted into the up-and-down linear reciprocating motion of the hole forming rod 26 by the first connecting rod 31, and the continuous seeding requirement is realized. The power on the cavitation shaft 10 is transmitted to the front axle 16 by the third chain 13, the power is transmitted to the cam shaft 21 by the front axle 16 through the second chain 12, and the rotary motion of the cam 22 driven by the cam shaft 21 is converted into the left-right linear reciprocating motion of the push rod 25 through the roller 23. The zero-speed sowing of the sowing machine can be realized through the combination of the crank guide rod mechanism and the cam mechanism. The power is transmitted to the seed taking shaft 41 by the hole forming shaft 10 through the fourth chain 43, the seed taking shaft 41 drives the eccentric wheel (crank B)40 on the second shaft to rotate, and the seed taking slide block 36 is driven by the second connecting rod 39 to do linear reciprocating motion in the chute 34, so that the seed taking process is realized. The specific process of seed extraction is as follows: initially, the seed taking slide block 36 is provided with a shaped hole 35, the shaped hole 35 is right opposite to the bottom of the seed box 38, the shaped hole 35 is designed according to a certain amount of seed volume, the shape is a cylindrical hole, seeds fall into the shaped hole 35 through self weight, then the seed taking slide block 36 pushes the seed falling pipe opening of the sliding groove 34, and the seeds fall into the hole forming rod through the self weight of the seeds to complete a sowing task.

Aiming at the problems of loose structure, uneven seed metering, low adaptability and the like of the traditional small-sized seeder, the utility model can increase the universality of the seeder, and can install the slide blocks with different shapes and holes according to the requirements of single seeds and multiple seeds of different varieties by simply replacing part of components, thereby realizing the seeding of the pill seeds of different varieties; the existing machine type has the problems of large volume, complex structure, inconvenient operation, unreasonable power mechanism and the like, the whole machine adopts electric drive and electric seed metering, the power configuration adopts a more environment-friendly storage battery power supply, and the whole machine adopts a brushless motor for driving. Compared with the prior diesel engine or gasoline engine, the noise and the mechanical vibration can be effectively reduced, the structure is more compact, the operation is more convenient, and the use is more reasonable; the advancing speed compensation mechanism realizes that the horizontal displacement difference of the hole forming device during the soil entering and sowing and the soil discharging is close to zero by the advancing speed compensation of the cam mechanism; the adjustable hole forming depth and depth limiting mechanism can ensure the qualified rate of the seeding depth of the hole seeder, so that the seeding is more precise and the adaptability is stronger; the film-spreading and sowing mode is characterized in that manual or simple machinery is still adopted for most sowing modes, the simple sowing machinery has the phenomena of film tearing, film picking and film hole dislocation, the labor intensity is high, the sowing efficiency is low, the phenomena of film tearing, cavities and the like easily occur during sowing, and the sowing quality is influenced. The utility model can solve the problems of high void ratio, unreliable duckbill opening, film tearing and the like through a reasonably designed mechanical structure, and improve the seeding quality; the electric control seeding plant spacing has the advantages of uniform seeding, no mixing between seeds, convenient seed cleaning and changing, simple operation, accurate seeding quantity, uniform plant spacing, good conditions for the growth and development of seeds, capability of saving a large amount of seeds and reduction of thinning labor force.

The seeder has important significance for ensuring stable yield and high yield of crops, has good hole digging and seeding performances, is simple in structure and convenient to operate, is suitable for various terrains, can obviously improve the temperature and humidity of the earth surface, improves the illumination intensity and reduces the evaporation of surface water. The application of the seeder improves the growth environment of the ginseng seedlings, improves the quality of the codonopsis pilosula, enlarges the planting area of the ginseng seedlings of the codonopsis pilosula, improves the working efficiency, promotes the development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry, and has remarkable application value.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional bunch planting formula seeder of cutting straightly of electric drive which characterized in that: the dibbling device comprises a frame (5) arranged on a land wheel (20), wherein a dibbling device and a seed extracting device are arranged on the frame (5), the dibbling device comprises a plurality of dibbling rods (26) and conical duckbills (24) fixed at the bottom of each dibbling rod (26), two plant spacing control rules (37) are transversely arranged on the frame (5), the dibbling rods (26) are connected with a first plant spacing control rule, and the dibbling rods (26) are longitudinally connected with the frame (5) through push rods (25); a cavitation shaft (10) is arranged on the frame (5), the motor (2) drives a chain wheel arranged on the cavitation shaft (10) through a speed reducer (3), and the cavitation shaft (10) drives the cavitation rod (26) to move through a first eccentric wheel (32), so that the cavitation rod (26) can do linear reciprocating motion up and down; the seed taking device comprises a second plant spacing control ruler and a plurality of seed taking sliding blocks (36) arranged on the second plant spacing control ruler, a sliding chute (34) is arranged corresponding to each seed taking sliding block (36), a seed box (38) is arranged on each sliding chute (34), and the seed taking sliding blocks (36) perform linear reciprocating motion in the sliding chutes (34) to realize seed taking.

2. The electrically driven multifunctional direct-insert hill-drop planter according to claim 1, wherein: the bicycle is characterized in that a bicycle handle (1) is arranged on the bicycle frame (5), the land wheels (20) comprise two front land wheels and two rear land wheels, the two front land wheels are connected through a bicycle front shaft (16), the two rear land wheels are connected through a bicycle rear shaft (33), and the land wheels (20) are connected with the bicycle frame (5) through a damping device.

3. The electrically driven multifunctional direct-insert hill-drop planter according to claim 2, wherein: the damping device comprises a spring (19) arranged in a sleeve (17), a front axle (16) and a rear axle (33) of the vehicle are supported by a UCP bearing (44), the UCP bearing (44) is fixedly connected on the sleeve (17), the sleeve (17) is grooved along the vertical direction, and a bolt (18) is arranged on the groove.

4. The electrically driven multifunctional direct-insert hill-drop planter according to claim 1, wherein: a seed taking shaft (41) is arranged at the rear part of the frame (5), the seed taking shaft (41) obtains power from the hole forming shaft (10) through a chain and a chain wheel, second eccentric wheels (40) are arranged at two ends of the seed taking shaft (41), and the second eccentric wheels (40) are connected with a planting distance control ruler (37) through second connecting rods (39); the front part of the frame (5) is provided with a camshaft (21), the camshaft (21) obtains power from the cavitation shaft (10) through a chain and a chain wheel, two ends of the camshaft (21) are provided with cams (22), the push rod (25) is sleeved on the frame (5), the end part of the push rod (25) is provided with a roller (23), and the roller (23) and the cams (22) are matched to rotate to realize longitudinal movement of the cavitation rod (26).

5. The electrically driven multifunctional direct-insert hill-drop planter according to claim 4, wherein: the camshaft (21) is supported by a UCP bearing (44) fixed on the frame (5), and the roller (23) is connected to the push rod (25) by a pin.

6. The electrically driven multifunctional direct-insert hill-drop planter according to claim 1, wherein: cave pole (26) transversely link into one row through first plant spacing control chi, and first plant spacing control chi both ends are connected in the both sides of frame (5) through second guide arm (27), and second guide arm (27) top articulates on first eccentric wheel (32) through first connecting rod (31), and first guide arm (30) articulate on first connecting rod (31), fixes lead screw motor (29) on first guide arm (30), and lead screw nut (28) are connected and are fixed on second guide arm (27), lead screw motor (29) cooperate through threaded connection with lead screw nut (28).

7. The electrically driven multifunctional direct-insert hill-drop planter according to claim 6, wherein: the frame (5) is provided with a storage battery (4), and the motor (2) and the screw motor (29) are powered by the storage battery (4).

Images