CN207498325U - For the plasma nozzle and gasification furnace of coal water slurry gasification - Google Patents
For the plasma nozzle and gasification furnace of coal water slurry gasification Download PDFInfo
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- CN207498325U CN207498325U CN201721651205.1U CN201721651205U CN207498325U CN 207498325 U CN207498325 U CN 207498325U CN 201721651205 U CN201721651205 U CN 201721651205U CN 207498325 U CN207498325 U CN 207498325U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of plasma nozzle and gasification furnace for coal water slurry gasification.The nozzle includes nozzle body and cooling system；Nozzle body includes the cathode jet pipe, anode nozzle, middle ring jet pipe and the outer shroud jet pipe that are sequentially coaxially arranged from inside to outside, sequentially forms the first gasifying agent channel, water-coal-slurry channel and the second gasifying agent channel between any two；It is realized and sealed by the first insulated connecting piece in the end of first gasifying agent channel；The inside of cathode jet pipe and anode nozzle is equipped with cooling medium channel, and inner wall surface thereof is equipped with heat conductive insulating coating；The outside wall surface of anode nozzle is equipped with the insulating sleeve being bonded therewith；The front end of anode nozzle and cathode taps forms discharge space；Cooling system for reducing outer shroud nozzle temperature.The direct-fire that water-coal-slurry can be realized without preheating for the nozzle starts, and saves furnace drying time, reduces energy consumption, improves reaction rate, efficiency of carbon con version and gasification efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of plasma nozzles and gasification furnace for coal water slurry gasification.
Background technology
The cleaning of coal with efficiently using be current China's using energy source with the important topic in field of environment protection and I
One of key technology of state's national sustained economic development.It is prepared by one of the core technology of Coal Gasification Technology as clean coal technology
Synthesis gas be development coal-based chemicals, Coal-based Liquid Fuel, advanced IGCC power generations, polygenerations systeme, hydrogen manufacturing, fuel cell
The basis of process industrials is waited, is the leading technology of these industries.Wherein, entrained flow bed gasification technology because with coal adaptability it is strong,
The advantages that production capacity and efficient gasification, has worldwide obtained rapid popularization and has been widely applied.According to feed side
The difference of formula, airflow bed gasification furnace can be divided into two classes：One kind is fed for dry method, by the direct Geldart-D particle of coal dust to nozzle；It is another
Class is fed for wet method, and water-coal-slurry is delivered to nozzle.One of critical component indispensable as this two classes gasification furnace, nozzle skill
The development of art directly determines operation stability, high efficiency and the reliability of airflow bed gasification furnace.
In the prior art, coal slurry gasifier ignition process is as follows：First use pre- hot nozzle by furnace temperature rise to 1200 DEG C with
Upper and constant temperature, then Replacement procedure nozzle feed intake.There are following defects for above-mentioned ignition process：It is needed in ignition process repeatedly more
Nozzle is changed, therefore its process is relative complex, the time of driving is longer, and the safety for being unfavorable for device in Chemical Manufacture feeds intake and stablize fortune
Row；In addition, ignition process needs to consume a large amount of energy to promote fire box temperature, and contain a large amount of water in water-coal-slurry, and aqueous vapor
Turning to vapor needs to absorb a large amount of heat, and coal and vapor, CO2Gasification reaction also can consume a large amount of heat
Reaction temperature, can not be reached higher level, therefore can greatly affect gasification efficiency by amount using nozzle of the prior art.
Currently, plasma technique is widely used to weld, cuts, lights a fire, at metal smelt, waste incineration and waste
The fields such as reason, plasma are a kind of states of matter under high temperature or specific incentives, are the ions of partly or completely full-ionization
The gaseous state shape substance of change is made of a large amount of charged particle (ion, electronics) and neutral particle (atom, molecule), and temperature can
To be up to degree up to ten thousand.
It is existing in the prior art that plasma technique is applied to coal dust gasification field, such as：Chinese patent literature
CN104869741A discloses a kind of plasma torch for gasification, and Chinese patent literature CN103200757A discloses one
Kind arc plasma gun, but above-mentioned spray gun is only applicable to solid powder fuel (coal dust), and working gas is only applicable to water
Steam, complicated other than above-mentioned limitation, system is huge, can not be suitable for coal water slurry gasification；Chinese patent literature
CN1478869A discloses the method and apparatus that a kind of plasma carries out coal gasification, is equally also only applicable to the gas of fine coal
Change, and plasma generator is individually separated with charging gear so that system is excessively complicated and huge.
Therefore, seek what a kind of direct-fire that can be suitable for water-coal-slurry, water-coal-slurry can be realized without preheating started
Nozzle is current the technical issues of being badly in need of solving.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to overcome the nozzle for being used for coal water slurry gasification in the prior art
The defects of the starting and there is no the plasma nozzle suitable for coal water slurry gasification that could light a fire must be first preheated, and is provided a kind of
For the plasma nozzle and gasification furnace of coal water slurry gasification.The plasma nozzle, it is simple in structure, it makes with easy to maintain,
Applied widely, service life is long, and atomization is excellent.The straight of water-coal-slurry can be realized without preheating in the plasma nozzle
Contact fire starts, and can greatly save furnace drying time, reduces energy expenditure, and can greatly improve reaction rate, efficiency of carbon con version
And gasification efficiency.
The utility model solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technical proposals：
A kind of plasma nozzle for coal water slurry gasification, including nozzle body；The nozzle body includes cathode
Jet pipe, anode nozzle, middle ring jet pipe and outer shroud jet pipe；The cathode jet pipe, the anode nozzle, the middle ring jet pipe and described
The axis of outer shroud jet pipe is on the same line；
The cathode jet pipe has the first front end and first end, and first front end is cathode taps, the cathode taps tool
Have along the first end to the tapered frustum cone structure of first front end orient diameter；The cathode jet pipe is internally provided with confession
The first cooling medium channel that cooling medium stream enters and flows out, and the internal face of first cooling medium channel is led equipped with first
Thermal insulation coating；The anode nozzle is set in outside the cathode jet pipe, shape between the anode nozzle and the cathode jet pipe
Into the first gasifying agent channel, the end of the first gasifying agent channel is realized by the first insulated connecting piece to be sealed；The anode
The front end of jet pipe is anode nozzle, and the anode nozzle is tapered along the first end to first front end orient diameter；Institute
The front end face for stating anode nozzle opens up the first spout, and first spout is connected with the first gasifying agent channel, for inciting somebody to action
Gasifying agent is sprayed into stove；The outside wall surface of the anode nozzle is equipped with the insulating sleeve being bonded therewith；The inside of the anode nozzle
Equipped with the second cooling medium channel for entering and flowing out for cooling medium stream, and the internal face of second cooling medium channel is equipped with
Second heat conductive insulating coating；
The middle ring jet pipe is set in outside the anode nozzle, and water is formed between the middle ring jet pipe and the anode nozzle
Coal slurry channel；The front end of the middle ring jet pipe is middle ring nozzle, before the middle ring nozzle is along the first end to described first
Extreme direction tapered diameter；The front end face of the middle ring nozzle opens up the second spout, second spout and the water-coal-slurry channel
It is connected, for water-coal-slurry to be sprayed in stove；
The outer shroud jet pipe is set in outside the middle ring jet pipe, and is formed between the outer shroud jet pipe and the middle ring jet pipe
Two gasifying agent channels；The front end of the outer shroud jet pipe is outer shroud nozzle, and the outer shroud nozzle is along the first end to described the
One front end orient diameter is tapered；The front end face of the outer shroud nozzle opens up third spout, the third spout and second gas
Agent channel is connected, for gasifying agent to be sprayed into stove；
First spout has electric arc implantation side wall, and the height of the electric arc implantation side wall is 50-100mm；The sun
The distance between the front end face of pole nozzle and the front end face of the middle ring nozzle are 10-40mm.
Preferably, the material of the cathode jet pipe is zirconium or copper.Using the nozzle of the material, it can be achieved that cycle stability work
Make, and can prolong the service life.
Preferably, the end of the cathode jet pipe is equipped with the first cooling medium inlet and the first cooling media outlet；It is described
First cooling medium inlet is used to provide cooling medium to first cooling medium channel；The first cooling media outlet is used
It is discharged in by the cooling medium in first cooling medium channel.
More preferably, the first reinforcing member and the first waterproof short circuit cylinder are additionally provided with inside the cathode jet pipe, described first reinforces
Part extends to the front end of the cathode jet pipe from the end of the cathode jet pipe, and the first waterproof short circuit cylinder is sheathed on described
On the outside of one reinforcing member, and stretch to from the end of the cathode jet pipe front end of the cathode jet pipe, and with the cathode jet pipe
Front end does not contact.
Preferably, the plasma nozzle is additionally provided with cyclone and the second insulated connecting piece, the cyclone is used for will
Gasifying agent is tangentially passed through in the first gasifying agent channel, and second insulated connecting piece is used to implement the cyclone and institute
State the insulation between anode nozzle.
More preferably, the number of the cyclone is 4, and is laid in the end side wall of the first gasifying agent channel.
At this point, gasifying agent tangentially enters the first gasifying agent channel through cyclone along four, eddy flow is formed around cathode, reaches the first gasification
During agent channel outlet, the electric arc ionization formed between cathode taps and anode nozzle is the plasma of high temperature.
Further more preferably, the internal diameter of the cyclone is equal with the outer diameter of the first gasifying agent channel.
Preferably, the end of the anode nozzle is equipped with the second cooling medium inlet and the second cooling media outlet；It is described
Second cooling medium inlet is used to provide cooling medium to second cooling medium channel；The second cooling media outlet is used
It is discharged in by the cooling medium in second cooling medium channel.
More preferably, it is additionally provided with the second waterproof short circuit cylinder inside the anode nozzle, the second waterproof short circuit cylinder is from described
The front end of the anode nozzle is stretched in the end of cathode jet pipe, and is not contacted with the front end of the anode nozzle.
Preferably, the end of the water-coal-slurry channel and the anode nozzle by flanged joint, are set between the flange
There is insulated enclosure gasket.
Preferably, the end of the outer shroud jet pipe passes through flanged joint with the middle ring jet pipe.
Preferably, the side wall of the middle ring jet pipe is equipped with water-coal-slurry entrance, the water-coal-slurry entrance is used to lead to water-coal-slurry
Enter the water-coal-slurry channel.
Preferably, the side wall of the outer shroud jet pipe is equipped with gasification agent inlet, the gasification agent inlet is used to lead to gasifying agent
Enter the second gasifying agent channel.
Preferably, the thermal conductivity factor of the first heat conductive insulating coating and the second heat conductive insulating coating is 8W/ (m
K more than).
Preferably, the thickness of the first heat conductive insulating coating and the second heat conductive insulating coating is 1-10mm, such as
Can be 2mm.
Preferably, the material of the insulating sleeve is ceramics.
In the utility model, the height of the electric arc implantation side wall may be, for example, 75mm, the cathode taps and the electric arc
The discharge space is formed between implantation side wall, plasma is generated for gasifying agent to be ionized.During work, the cathode taps
Electric arc is formed between the anode nozzle, gasifying agent is ionized and generates plasma.
Preferably, the circumferential surface that first spout is cylindrical namely the electric arc implantation side wall is the cylinder.
Preferably, the lateral wall of the cathode taps is parallel with the madial wall of the anode nozzle；The anode nozzle
Lateral wall is parallel with the madial wall of the middle ring nozzle；The madial wall of the lateral wall of the middle ring nozzle and the outer shroud nozzle
It is parallel；The distance between the front end face of the cathode taps and the top of first spout are equal in the outside of the cathode taps
The width of the first gasifying agent channel between the madial wall of wall and the anode nozzle.
More preferably, the contract angle of the outer angle of throat of the cathode taps and the anode nozzle is equal, and is 50-80 °, example
It such as can be 65 °；The outer angle of throat of the anode nozzle is equal with the contract angle of the middle ring nozzle, and is 45-80 °, such as
It can be 55 °；The outer angle of throat of the middle ring nozzle is equal with the contract angle of the outer shroud nozzle, and is 45-80 °, such as can
It is 55 °.
Wherein, the outer angle of throat of the cathode taps is the lateral wall of the cathode taps and the angle of horizontal plane；The anode
The contract angle of nozzle is the madial wall of the anode nozzle and the angle of horizontal plane；The outer angle of throat of the anode nozzle is institute
State the lateral wall of anode nozzle and the angle of horizontal plane；The contract angle of the middle ring nozzle is the madial wall of the middle ring nozzle
With the angle of horizontal plane；The outer angle of throat of the middle ring nozzle is the lateral wall of the middle ring nozzle and the angle of horizontal plane；Institute
The contract angle for stating outer shroud nozzle is the madial wall of the outer shroud nozzle and the angle of horizontal plane.
In the utility model, the distance between the front end face of the anode nozzle and the front end face of the middle ring nozzle are for example
Can be 30mm.
Preferably, the front end face of the middle ring nozzle and the front end face of the outer shroud nozzle are flush.
Preferably, the material of the anode nozzle, the middle ring nozzle and the outer shroud nozzle is UMCo-50 alloy materials
Material.Using the nozzle of the material, it can be achieved that long period steady operation, and can prolong the service life.
Preferably, the plasma nozzle further includes cooling system, the cooling system is for reducing the outer ring spray
The temperature of head；The cooling system includes cooling chamber and cooling coil, and the cooling chamber is set to the outside of the outer shroud nozzle,
The cooling chamber is equipped with third cooling medium inlet and third cooling media outlet, the third cooling media outlet and cooler pan
Pipe is connected, and the cooling coil coiled coil is on the outer wall of the outer shroud jet pipe.
More preferably, the cooling chamber coaxial arrangement is in the outside of the outer shroud nozzle.
In the utility model, the position of the anode nozzle and the cathode jet pipe can be interchanged.
The utility model also provides a kind of gasification furnace, and the gasification furnace includes aforementioned plasma nozzle.
In the utility model, the plasma nozzle is connected preferably by flange with the gasification furnace.
In the utility model, one can be set at the top of the furnace body of the gasification furnace or in some plane of side wall or multiple planes
A or multiple plasma nozzles.
In the utility model, the gasification furnace is preferably airflow bed gasification furnace；More preferably, the gasification furnace is vertical gas
Fluidized gas producer.
On the basis of common knowledge of the art, above-mentioned each optimum condition, can arbitrarily combine to get the utility model respectively compared with
Good example.
The positive effect of the utility model is：The utility model provides a kind of plasma for coal water slurry gasification
Body nozzle and gasification furnace.The plasma nozzle, it is simple in structure, it makes with easy to maintain, applied widely, service life is long,
Atomization is excellent, there are higher promotion and application to be worth, and can improve efficiency of carbon con version.Using the plasma nozzle,
Water-coal-slurry can directly be lighted under relatively low fire box temperature by high-temperature oxygen plasma, and the igniting for completing gasification furnace is driven, section
Save gasification furnace furnace drying time and energy expenditure.The arrangement of nozzle can be adjusted flexibly in gasification furnace equipped with plasma nozzle, into
And it conveniently matches to form suitable flow field with furnace body.Using the plasma nozzle, oxygen can be ionized high for temperature
Up to 5000 DEG C or more of plasma, the water in water-coal-slurry can be directly decomposed into hydrogen, oxygen, hydrogen atom, oxygen atom and
Hydrogen-oxygen atomic group isoreactivity substance, these active materials directly carry out gasification reaction with coal again, greatly improve reaction rate, carbon
Conversion ratio and gasification efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is sectional view of the plasma nozzle of embodiment 1 along central axis；
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 plasma nozzle sectional view along A-As；
Fig. 3 is the close-up schematic view on the plasma nozzle head of embodiment 1；
Reference sign：
Outer shroud nozzle 1
Middle ring nozzle 2
Anode nozzle 3
Cooling chamber 4
Cathode taps 5
Cooling coil 6
Insulating sleeve 7
Outer shroud jet pipe 8
Middle ring jet pipe 9
First flange 10
Third cools down medium inlet 11
Third cools down media outlet 12
Second gasifying agent channel 13
Water-coal-slurry channel 14
First gasifying agent channel 15
Outer shroud gasification agent inlet 16
Second flange 17
Anode nozzle 18
Cathode jet pipe 19
Water-coal-slurry entrance 20
Third flange 21
Second cooling medium channel 22
Second cooling medium inlet 23
Second cooling media outlet 24
Second insulated connecting piece 25
Cyclone 26
First insulated connecting piece 27
First cooling medium channel 28
First cooling medium inlet 29
First cooling media outlet 30
Tangential swirl air inlet 31
The front end face 32 of anode nozzle
The front end face 33 of middle ring nozzle
The front end face 34 of outer shroud nozzle
Electric arc implantation side wall 35
The top 36 of first spout
Specific embodiment
The utility model is further illustrated below by the mode of embodiment, but be not therefore limited in the utility model
Scope of embodiments among.
Embodiment 1
(1) for the plasma nozzle of coal water slurry gasification
Plasma nozzle for coal water slurry gasification as shown in Figure 1, including nozzle body and cooling system；Nozzle
Main body includes cathode jet pipe 19, anode nozzle 18, middle ring jet pipe 9 and the outer shroud jet pipe 8 of coaxial arrangement；The material of cathode jet pipe 19
For zirconium, the material of anode nozzle 3, middle ring nozzle 2 and outer shroud nozzle 1 is UMCo-50 alloy materials；Cathode jet pipe 19 has first
Front end and first end, the first front end are cathode taps 5, and cathode taps 5 have tapered along first end to the first front end orient diameter
Frustum cone structure；Cathode jet pipe 19 is internally provided with the first cooling medium channel 28, and the inner wall of the first cooling medium channel 28
Face is equipped with the first heat conductive insulating coating；Anode nozzle 18 is set in outside cathode jet pipe 19, anode nozzle 18 and cathode jet pipe 19 it
Between form the first gasifying agent channel 15, the end of the first gasifying agent channel 15 passes through the first insulated connecting piece 27 and realizes sealing；Sun
The front end of pole jet pipe 18 is anode nozzle 3, and anode nozzle 3 is tapered along first end to the first front end orient diameter；Anode nozzle 3
Front end face open up the first spout, the first spout is connected with the first gasifying agent channel 15, for will gasifying agent spray into stove in；Sun
The outside wall surface of pole jet pipe 18 is equipped with the insulating sleeve 7 being bonded therewith, and the material of insulating sleeve 7 is ceramics；Anode nozzle 18 it is interior
Portion is equipped with the second cooling medium channel 22, and the internal face of the second cooling medium channel 22 is equipped with the second heat conductive insulating coating；It is cloudy
Discharge space is formed between the front end face of cartridge 5 and the front end face of anode nozzle 3, for the gasifying agent in first passage to be ionized
And generate plasma；Middle ring jet pipe 9 is set in outside anode nozzle 18, and water coal is formed between middle ring jet pipe 9 and anode nozzle 18
Starch channel 14；The front end of middle ring jet pipe 9 be middle ring nozzle 2, middle ring nozzle 2 along first end to the first front end orient diameter gradually
Contracting；The front end face of middle ring nozzle 2 opens up the second spout, and the second spout is connected with water-coal-slurry channel 14, for water-coal-slurry to be sprayed
Into stove；Outer shroud jet pipe 8 is set in outside middle ring jet pipe 9, and the second gasifying agent channel is formed between outer shroud jet pipe 8 and middle ring jet pipe 9
13；The front end of outer shroud jet pipe 8 is outer shroud nozzle 1, and outer shroud nozzle 1 is tapered along first end to the first front end orient diameter；Outer shroud
The front end face of nozzle 1 opens up third spout, and third spout is connected with the second gasifying agent channel 13, for gasifying agent to be sprayed into stove
It is interior；Cooling system for reducing outer shroud nozzle 1 temperature.Wherein：
The end of cathode jet pipe 19 is additionally provided with the first cooling medium inlet and the first cooling media outlet 30；First cooling is situated between
Matter import is used to provide cooling medium to the first cooling medium channel 28；First cooling media outlet 30 is used to the first cooling being situated between
Cooling medium discharge in matter channel 28.
It is additionally provided with the first reinforcing member and the first waterproof short circuit cylinder inside cathode jet pipe 19, the first reinforcing member is from cathode jet pipe 19
End extend to the front end of cathode jet pipe 19, the first waterproof short circuit cylinder is sheathed on the outside of the first reinforcing member, and from cathode jet pipe
The front end of cathode jet pipe 19 is stretched in 19 end, and is not contacted with the front end of cathode jet pipe 19.
Plasma nozzle is additionally provided with 26 and second insulated connecting piece 25 of cyclone, and cyclone 26 is used to cut on gasifying agent edge
To being passed through in the first gasifying agent channel 15, the second insulated connecting piece 25 is used to implement between institute's cyclone 26 and anode nozzle 18
Insulation.
As shown in Fig. 2, the number of cyclone 26 is 4, the outer diameter of the internal diameter of cyclone 26 and the first gasifying agent channel 15
It is equal, and it is laid in the end side wall of the first gasifying agent channel 15.At this point, gasifying agent tangentially enters through cyclone 26 along four
First gasifying agent channel 15 forms eddy flow around cathode, when reaching the outlet of the first gasifying agent channel 15, by cathode taps 5 and anode
Plasma of the electric arc ionization formed between nozzle 3 for high temperature.
The end of anode nozzle 18 is additionally provided with the second cooling medium inlet and the second cooling media outlet 24；Second cooling is situated between
Matter import is used to provide cooling medium to the second cooling medium channel 22；Second cooling media outlet 24 is used to the second cooling being situated between
Cooling medium discharge in matter channel 22.Be additionally provided with the second waterproof short circuit cylinder inside anode nozzle 18, the second waterproof short circuit cylinder from
The front end of anode nozzle 18 is stretched in the end of cathode jet pipe 19, and is not contacted with the front end of anode nozzle 18.
The end of water-coal-slurry channel 14 is also connect with anode nozzle 18 by third flange 21, is equipped between third flange 21
Insulated enclosure gasket.The end of outer shroud jet pipe 8 is also connect with middle ring jet pipe 9 by second flange 17.The side wall of middle ring jet pipe 9 is set
There is water-coal-slurry entrance 20, water-coal-slurry entrance 20 is used to water-coal-slurry being passed through water-coal-slurry channel 14.The side wall of outer shroud jet pipe 8 is equipped with gas
Agent entrance, gasification agent inlet are used to gasifying agent being passed through the second gasifying agent channel 13.First heat conductive insulating coating and second is led
The thermal conductivity factor of thermal insulation coating is 8W/ (mK).The thickness of first heat conductive insulating coating and the second heat conductive insulating coating is
2mm。
The circumferential surface that first spout is cylindrical namely electric arc implantation side wall 35 is the cylinder, electric arc implantation side wall 35 are used for
Electric arc implantation, the height h of electric arc implantation side wall 35 is 75mm；Discharge space is formed between cathode taps 5 and electric arc implantation side wall 35,
Plasma is generated for gasifying agent to be ionized.During work, electric arc is formed between cathode taps 5 and anode nozzle 3, by gasifying agent
It ionizes and generates plasma.
The lateral wall of cathode taps 5 is parallel with the madial wall of anode nozzle 3；The lateral wall of anode nozzle 3 and middle ring nozzle 2
Madial wall it is parallel；The lateral wall of middle ring nozzle 2 is parallel with the madial wall of outer shroud nozzle 1；The front end face of cathode taps 5 and
The distance between top 36 of one spout is equal to the first gas between the lateral wall of cathode taps 5 and the madial wall of anode nozzle 3
The width of agent channel 15.
As shown in figure 3, the outer angle of throat α of cathode taps 5 and the contract angle α of anode nozzle 3 are equal, and it is 65 °；Anode sprays
First 3 outer angle of throat β is equal with the contract angle beta of middle ring nozzle 2, and is 55 °；The outer angle of throat δ of middle ring nozzle 2 and outer ring spray
First 1 contract angle δ is equal, and is 55 °.
Wherein, the outer angle of throat of cathode taps 5 is the lateral wall of cathode taps 5 and the angle of horizontal plane；The interior receipts of anode nozzle 3
Contracting angle is the madial wall of anode nozzle 3 and the angle of horizontal plane；The outer angle of throat of anode nozzle 3 is the lateral wall of anode nozzle 3
With the angle of horizontal plane；The contract angle of middle ring nozzle 2 is the madial wall of middle ring nozzle 2 and the angle of horizontal plane；Middle ring nozzle 2
Outer angle of throat for middle ring nozzle 2 lateral wall and horizontal plane angle；The contract angle of outer shroud nozzle 1 is outer shroud nozzle 1
The angle of madial wall and horizontal plane.
The distance between the front end face 32 of anode nozzle and the front end face 33 of middle ring nozzle be 30mm, the front end of middle ring nozzle
Face 33 and the front end face 34 of outer shroud nozzle are flush.
Cooling system includes cooling chamber 4 and cooling coil 6, and cooling chamber 4 is coaxially disposed in the outside of outer shroud nozzle 1, cooling
Room 4 is equipped with third cooling medium inlet 11 and third cooling media outlet 12, and third cooling medium inlet 11 and third cooling
Media outlet 12 is fixed on through first flange 10 on the side wall of outer shroud jet pipe 8；Third cools down media outlet 12 and 6 phase of cooling coil
Connection, 6 coiled coil of cooling coil is on the outer wall of outer ring spray pipe 8.
(2) gasification furnace
Above-mentioned plasma nozzle is fixed on by first flange 10 on vertical airflow bed gasification furnace.
Application Example 1
Coal water slurry gasification is carried out using said flow bed gasification furnace, is as follows：
It is the water-coal-slurry of 61% (wt%) for fuel using solid content, using 99.8% oxygen as gasifying agent.Part of oxygen
Enter the first gasifying agent channel 15 by four tangential swirl air inlets 31 of cyclone 26, form eddy flow around cathode, reach the
When one gasifying agent channel 15 exports, the electric arc formed between cathode taps 5 and anode nozzle 3 is ionized as oxygen gas plasma, oxygen
The temperature of gas plasma is up to 5000 DEG C or more, and muzzle velocity also improves rapidly.Water-coal-slurry is entered by water-coal-slurry entrance 20 sprays
Mouth is sheared by the oxygen plasma jet stream of high temperature and high speed at middle ring nozzle 2 and is atomized, and the moisture in water-coal-slurry is decomposed into rapidly hydrogen
Gas, oxygen, hydrogen atom, oxygen atom and hydrogen-oxygen atomic group isoreactivity substance, coal in water-coal-slurry and high-temperature oxygen plasma and
These active materials enter in gasification furnace, and directly lighted in nozzle exit after being sufficiently mixed, and form stable gasification flame
Concurrent first portion burning and gasification reaction.Another part oxygen enters the second gasifying agent channel 13 by outer shroud gasification agent inlet 16,
So that atomizing effect is more preferably, gasification is more abundant.It drives at this point, gasification furnace is done directly igniting in low-temperature condition.Work as plasma
Nozzle continuous service for a period of time after, fire box temperature rises to about 1450 DEG C, and gasification operation pressure is 4.0MPa.
Wherein：Control oxygen be in the flow proportional of the first gasifying agent channel 15 and the second gasifying agent channel 13：70% He
30%；The oxygen gas flow rate of first gasifying agent channel 15 and the second gasifying agent channel 13 is 30m/s, and the exit velocity of water-coal-slurry is
0.5m/s, the exit velocity of oxygen gas plasma is about 340m/s.
The cooling system of the plasma nozzle is cooled down using 250 DEG C of saturated vapors as cooling medium through third
Medium inlet 11 enters cooling chamber 4, enters back into cooling coil 6, flow 3.5kg/s, cooling water outlet temperature is about 252.5
℃。
Effect data：The plasma nozzle, it is simple in structure, it makes and easy to maintain, applied widely, service life
Long, atomization is excellent, there are higher promotion and application to be worth, and can improve efficiency of carbon con version.
Gasification furnace equipped with the plasma nozzle, can be adjusted flexibly the arrangement of nozzle, so conveniently with stove
Body matches to form suitable flow field.
Using the plasma nozzle, water-coal-slurry can be under relatively low fire box temperature by the direct point of high-temperature oxygen plasma
Combustion, the igniting for completing gasification furnace are driven, and save gasification furnace furnace drying time and energy expenditure.
Using the plasma nozzle, oxygen can be ionized and 5000 DEG C or more of plasma is up to for temperature, gasification furnace
Effective gas (CO+H in the synthesis gas of output2) ingredient is about 89%, efficiency of carbon con version reaches more than 99%, compared to common water-coal-slurry gas
Change nozzle to significantly improve.
The effect of the prior art：
1st, using Chinese patent literature CN1478869A, CN104869741A, CN103200757A, CN202281222U,
Nozzle disclosed in CN103589459A and CN102534458A can not all put combusting coal water slurry；
2nd, plasma coal gasifying method and apparatus disclosed in Chinese patent literature CN1478869A, the synthesis finally obtained
Effective gas (CO+H in gas2) less than 45%, (different embodiment contents slightly have difference, but be below 45%) to ingredient.
Comparison the utility model and the prior art technique effect it is found that the nozzle of the utility model enable to it is final
Effective gas (CO+H in synthesis gas2) ingredient is about 89%, significantly larger than Chinese patent literature CN1478869A, therefore the utility model
Transformation efficiency higher.
Although the foregoing describe specific embodiment of the present utility model, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that
This is merely illustrative of, and the scope of protection of the utility model is defined by the appended claims.Those skilled in the art
Under the premise of the principle and essence without departing substantially from the utility model, many changes and modifications may be made,
But these change and modification each fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of plasma nozzle for coal water slurry gasification, which is characterized in that it includes nozzle body；The nozzle body
Including cathode jet pipe, anode nozzle, middle ring jet pipe and outer shroud jet pipe；The cathode jet pipe, the anode nozzle, the middle ring spray
The axis of pipe and the outer shroud jet pipe is on same straight line；
The cathode jet pipe has the first front end and first end, and first front end is cathode taps, and the cathode taps have edge
The first end is to the tapered frustum cone structure of first front end orient diameter；The cathode jet pipe to be internally provided with first cold
But medium channel, and the internal face of first cooling medium channel is equipped with the first heat conductive insulating coating；
The anode nozzle is set in outside the cathode jet pipe, and the first gas is formed between the anode nozzle and the cathode jet pipe
Agent channel, the end of the first gasifying agent channel is realized by the first insulated connecting piece to be sealed；Before the anode nozzle
It holds as anode nozzle, the anode nozzle is tapered along the first end to first front end orient diameter；The anode spray
The front end face of head opens up the first spout, and first spout is connected with the first gasifying agent channel, for gasifying agent to be sprayed
Enter in stove；The outside wall surface of the anode nozzle is equipped with the insulating sleeve being bonded therewith；The anode nozzle is internally provided with second
Cooling medium channel, and the internal face of second cooling medium channel is equipped with the second heat conductive insulating coating；
The middle ring jet pipe is set in outside the anode nozzle, and water-coal-slurry is formed between the middle ring jet pipe and the anode nozzle
Channel；The front end of the middle ring jet pipe is middle ring nozzle, and the middle ring nozzle is along the first end to the first front end side
To tapered diameter；The front end face of the middle ring nozzle opens up the second spout, and second spout is connected with the water-coal-slurry channel
It is logical, for water-coal-slurry to be sprayed in stove；
The outer shroud jet pipe is set in outside the middle ring jet pipe, and the second gas is formed between the outer shroud jet pipe and the middle ring jet pipe
Agent channel；The front end of the outer shroud jet pipe is outer shroud nozzle, before the outer shroud nozzle is along the first end to described first
Extreme direction tapered diameter；The front end face of the outer shroud nozzle opens up third spout, the third spout and second gasifying agent
Channel is connected, for gasifying agent to be sprayed into stove；
First spout has electric arc implantation side wall, and the height of the electric arc implantation side wall is 50-100mm；The anode spray
The distance between the front end face of head and the front end face of the middle ring nozzle are 10-40mm.
2. plasma nozzle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the cathode jet pipe is zirconium or copper；
And/or the material of the anode nozzle, the middle ring nozzle and the outer shroud nozzle is UMCo-50 alloy materials.
3. plasma nozzle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the plasma nozzle be additionally provided with cyclone and
Second insulated connecting piece, gasifying agent for being tangentially passed through in the first gasifying agent channel by the cyclone, and described second
Insulated connecting piece is used to implement the insulation between institute's cyclone and the anode nozzle；The number of the cyclone is 4, and
It is laid in the end side wall of the first gasifying agent channel；The outer diameter of the internal diameter of the cyclone and the first gasifying agent channel
It is equal.
4. plasma nozzle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the end of the water-coal-slurry channel and the anode
Jet pipe is equipped with insulated enclosure gasket by flanged joint between the flange.
5. plasma nozzle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the first heat conductive insulating coating and described second
The thickness of heat conductive insulating coating is 1-10mm；And/or the material of the insulating sleeve is ceramics.
6. plasma nozzle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that first spout is cylindrical, the cathode
The lateral wall of head is parallel with the madial wall of the anode nozzle；The lateral wall of the anode nozzle is interior with the middle ring nozzle
Side wall is parallel；The lateral wall of the middle ring nozzle is parallel with the madial wall of the outer shroud nozzle；The front end of the cathode taps
The distance between face and the top of first spout are equal to the inside of the lateral wall and the anode nozzle in the cathode taps
The width of the first gasifying agent channel between wall.
7. plasma nozzle as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the outer angle of throat and the anode of the cathode taps
The contract angle of nozzle is equal, and is 50-80 °；The contract angle of the outer angle of throat of the anode nozzle and the middle ring nozzle
It is equal, and be 45-80 °；The outer angle of throat of the middle ring nozzle is equal with the contract angle of the outer shroud nozzle, and is 45-
80°。
8. such as claim 1-7 any one of them plasma nozzles, which is characterized in that the front end face of the middle ring nozzle with
The front end face of the outer shroud nozzle is flush.
9. plasma nozzle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the plasma nozzle further includes cooling system
System, the cooling system for reducing the outer shroud nozzle temperature；The cooling system includes cooling chamber and cooling coil, institute
Cooling chamber coaxial arrangement is stated in the outside of the outer shroud nozzle, the cooling chamber is equipped with third cooling medium inlet and third cooling
Media outlet, the third cooling media outlet are connected with cooling coil, and the cooling coil coiled coil is described outer
On the outer wall of ring spray pipe.
10. a kind of gasification furnace, which is characterized in that the gasification furnace includes such as claim 1-9 any one of them plasmas
Nozzle, and the gasification furnace is airflow bed gasification furnace.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721651205.1U CN207498325U (en) | 2017-12-01 | 2017-12-01 | For the plasma nozzle and gasification furnace of coal water slurry gasification |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721651205.1U CN207498325U (en) | 2017-12-01 | 2017-12-01 | For the plasma nozzle and gasification furnace of coal water slurry gasification |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109826724A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-05-31 | 厦门大学 | The gel propellant atomization method of plasma enhancing |
| CN109868160A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-11 | 华东理工大学 | Plasma nozzle, gasification furnace and gasification process for coal water slurry gasification |
| CN113684064A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-23 | 郝梅 | Fluidized bed gasification furnace |
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2017
- 2017-12-01 CN CN201721651205.1U patent/CN207498325U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109868160A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-11 | 华东理工大学 | Plasma nozzle, gasification furnace and gasification process for coal water slurry gasification |
| CN109868160B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2024-01-26 | 华东理工大学 | Plasma nozzle for gasifying coal water slurry, gasifier and gasification method |
| CN109826724A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-05-31 | 厦门大学 | The gel propellant atomization method of plasma enhancing |
| CN113684064A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-23 | 郝梅 | Fluidized bed gasification furnace |
| CN113684064B (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2024-03-22 | 郝梅 | Fluidized bed gasification furnace |
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