CN101778526B - Crossed transferred-arc plasma torch - Google Patents
Crossed transferred-arc plasma torch Download PDFInfo
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- CN101778526B CN101778526B CN2010101096022A CN201010109602A CN101778526B CN 101778526 B CN101778526 B CN 101778526B CN 2010101096022 A CN2010101096022 A CN 2010101096022A CN 201010109602 A CN201010109602 A CN 201010109602A CN 101778526 B CN101778526 B CN 101778526B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crossed transferred-arc plasma torch, which comprises two torch bodies with the same structure, the two torch bodies are arranged in the form of a splayed structure, the included angle between the axes of the two torch bodies is 10 degrees to 170 degrees, main electrodes of the two torch bodies are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of a power supply through cables, auxiliary electrodes of the two torch bodies are connected together through a cable or a mechanical mechanism to become equipotential, and a high-frequency arc striking device is connected between the main electrode and the auxiliary electrode of each torch body. When the torch is operated, a non-transferred arc is formed between the main electrode and the auxiliary electrode of each torch body, the two auxiliary electrodes are disconnected from each other after the non-transferred arcs in the two torch bodies become stable, and under the effect of working gas, the non-transferred arcs in the two torch bodies are drawn out of the auxiliary electrodes to form a transferred arc which starts from the main electrode of one torch body, meets the intersection point of the axes of the two torch bodies and ends at the main electrode of the other torch body. Since the main electrodes of the two independent torch bodies are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the power supply, part of the electric arc is transferred out of the torch bodies, the electric arc directly heats a targeted object, and thereby the invention solves the problem that the conventional transferred-arc torch only acts on conductive materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plasma arc torch, particularly a kind of crossed transferred-arc plasma torch belongs to the plasma technology field.
Background technology
Plasma arc torch is a kind of industrial equipment that is widely used in purposes such as metal and nonmetal smelting, pulverized coal boiler ignition, hot plasma coating technology, plasma waste processing, material preparation and screening.Its main function is that the raw material of industry, material, rubbish or process object such as refuse, industrial semi-finished product are carried out high-temperature heating treatment, makes to be processed a kind of special equipment that object obtains burning (plasma ignition and junk are handled purposes), fusing (metal, nonmetal smelting, cutting and purposes such as material preparation, screening) or coating (plasma coating).
The jet temperature that plasma arc torch produced can be up to thousands of degrees centigrade, exceeded molten (combustion) point that nature has been found all material.Therefore, it has the irreplaceable effect of other heat forms as a kind of special high temperature heat source.Compare with traditional combustion formula high temperature spray gun, plasma arc torch has the temperature height, temperature regulating range wide (hundreds of to several thousand degrees centigrade), concentration of energy, advantage such as air stream contamination is little, and air velocity is adjustable (ultra, subsonic speed), and cost is cheap relatively, and is easy to use.
At present, China's plasma arc torch commonly used is generally the single gun type of direct current, and spray gun has only an independent rifle body, and the spray gun of this form is divided into two types of transferred arc and untransferable arcs again according to its electric arc arc location of root difference.Electrode in the negative electrode of existing transferred arc spray gun and the anode is not the male or female of rifle body itself, but has been transferred on one's body the subject matter, utilizes electric arc directly to the subject matter heating, and the object that this type of spray gun is directed against is mainly electric conducting material.The negative electrode of untransferable arc spray gun and anode be rifle body self with negative electrode and anode; Electric arc mainly moves between the negative electrode of rifle body and anode; Not to utilize electric arc itself that base number of a tender thing is heated; But a kind of mode that the high-temperature gas that utilizes arc heating heats subject matter, the object that this type of spray gun is directed against is mainly non-conducting material.Because electric arc itself has high temperature, so the transferred arc spray gun can reach the higher temperature and the heat efficiency with respect to the untransferable arc spray gun.But a restrictive condition of transferred arc spray gun is that subject matter is necessary for electric conducting material; Non-conducting material then can not be with arc transfer to itself; Therefore at present can't adopt the higher temperature and the transferred arc spray gun of rate more on to the processing of non-conducting material, make its use receive certain restriction.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: the deficiency that overcomes prior art; Provide a kind of and can satisfy purposes such as metal and nonmetal smelting, pulverized coal boiler ignition, ultra (Asia) velocity of sound spraying, waste incineration, waste disposal and material screening with the external electric arc that directly utilizes of arc transfer to rifle to the crossed transferred-arc plasma torch that subject matter heats, temperature is higher, parameter regulation is wider, efficient is higher, pollution rate is lower and the life-span is longer.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of crossed transferred-arc plasma torch, form by two identical rifle bodies of structure, and be the splayed structure distribution between the two rifle bodies; Two rifle body axis angles are 10～170 °, and the main electrode of two rifle bodies is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of power supply respectively through cable, is joined together to form equipotential through cable or mechanical mechanism between the auxiliary electrode of two rifle bodies; Be connected with the high-frequency arc strike device between the main electrode of each rifle body and the auxiliary electrode; In spray gun when work, form untransferable arc between the main electrode of each rifle body and auxiliary electrode, treat that untransferable arc in two rifle bodies is stable after; Break off the connection between two auxiliary electrodes; Untransferable arc in two rifle bodies elongates and pulls out auxiliary electrode under the effect of working gas, form the main electrode that originates in a rifle body; Be intersected in the crossing point of axes place of two rifle bodies, end at the transferred arc of the main electrode of another rifle body.
Described rifle body comprises additional-air inlet chamber, main electrode, primary induction chamber, auxiliary electrode, primary induction chamber's body, inner core, urceolus, isolated insulation tube, forward flange, insulator, rear flange and tail flange; Main electrode and auxiliary electrode lay respectively at the rear end and the front end of rifle body, and with primary induction chamber's body mechanical connection, the cavity that forms between main electrode, auxiliary electrode and the primary induction chamber's body is a primary induction chamber respectively; The additional-air inlet chamber is arranged on the afterbody of main electrode; Be spaced from each other through the isolated insulation tube between main electrode and the primary induction chamber's body, primary induction chamber's body, inner core, urceolus and forward flange are welded as a whole, and the tail end of main electrode and tail flange weld together; The tail flange is connected with rear flange through bolt; Rear flange is connected with forward flange with insulator through bolt, and auxiliary electrode is positioned at the exit of rifle body, is connected with the primary induction chamber body through screw thread.
The inner chamber wall of described additional-air inlet chamber and primary induction chamber is provided with the air admission hole of 1～4 row and inner chamber circumference tangential, and the quantity in every row's tangential admission hole is for being uniformly distributed with 2～8, and the additional-air inlet chamber of each rifle body and the tangential admission direction of primary induction chamber are consistent.
The internal diameter of described auxiliary electrode is for to be collapsed shape along airflow direction, and the end outlet of contraction is less than or equal to the internal diameter of main electrode, and the minimum diameter of auxiliary electrode is 0.3～1 times a main electrode internal diameter.
Described main electrode and auxiliary electrode adopt anti-oxidant red copper material or Cu alloy material to process, and are coated with ORC at inner surface.
Described main electrode and auxiliary electrode are double-deck hollow tubular electrode, and the outer wall of interior pipe has the bosh of logical cooling water.
The length of described auxiliary electrode is 2～5 times of main electrode internal diameter.
The present invention compared with prior art beneficial effect is:
(1) the present invention is through being connected two independent spray gun main electrodes respectively with the both positive and negative polarity of power supply; It is external to make the part of electric arc be transferred to rifle; Directly subject matter is heated by electric arc, improved the efficient of arc heating, solved the difficult problem that traditional transferred arc spray gun can only act on electric conducting material; Make also being applied on the non-conducting material of transferred arc spray gun, enlarged the range of application of transferred arc spray gun;
(2) the present invention adopts transferred arc, and the jet that the traditional untransferable arc spray gun of transferred arc jet ratio produces has higher temperature, can act on the subject matter that needs the higher temperature heating;
(3) the indoor chamber of primary induction chamber of the present invention and additional-air inlet wall is provided with the air admission hole of 1～4 row and inner chamber circumference tangential; The tangential admission direction of additional-air inlet chamber and primary induction chamber is consistent; Can quicken the electric arc rotary speed, obtain better electric arc compression effectiveness, reduce electric arc electrode over-burning;
(4) auxiliary electrode internal diameter of the present invention is for to be collapsed shape along airflow direction, and the end outlet of contraction is less than or equal to the internal diameter of main electrode, makes the air velocity of the outlet of flowing through obtain further to quicken, and makes it to flow out auxiliary electrode fast with bigger momentum;
(5) the present invention can regulate arc voltage very easily through the angle and the distance that change two rifle bodies, thereby can obtain the change of arc power on a large scale, makes spray gun compared with parameters conventional lance have broader adjustable range;
(6) the present invention adopts main electrode and auxiliary electrode to be anti-oxidant Cu alloy material to process; And be coated with ORC at inner surface, in the use loss of electrode own little, even under oxidation environment, use; Also can obtain longer useful life, the working service cost is low;
(7) the present invention is provided with the additional-air inlet chamber, can not only avoid electric arc arc root to get to the main electrode afterbody, can also regulate electric arc arc location of root thereby the flow of adjusting air inlet and speed reach through changing the quantity and the size of additional-air inlet chamber air admission hole simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a starting the arc principle schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a rifle body mechanical structure sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a main electrode structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a primary induction chamber of the present invention structural representation.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, crossed transferred-arc plasma torch is made up of two identical rifle bodies of structure.The axis of two rifle bodies is " eight " font to be placed, and axis angle can be regulated between 10 degree～170 degree, and the position of each rifle body can be regulated along self axial direction front and back.The positive pole of power supply is connected with the main electrode of two rifle bodies respectively with negative pole.Working gas is injected by primary induction chamber and additional-air inlet chamber that two rifle bodies get respectively.Core of the present invention is placement location and the rifle body of two the spray gun rifle bodies connected mode with power supply.Each rifle body of two rifle bodies all can be used as single spray gun independent operating; Be equipped with parts such as additional-air inlet chamber, primary induction chamber, anode and negative electrode; Main electrode during independent operating is as anode (negative electrode); Auxiliary electrode is as negative electrode (anode), and the both positive and negative polarity of power supply is connected with negative electrode with the anode of rifle body respectively.As a complete crossed transferred-arc plasma torch; Two rifle bodies no longer are spray guns independently, but respectively as intersecting the anode and the negative electrode of spray gun, auxiliary electrode only comes into operation when the starting the arc; After electric arc starts; Electric arc opens the anode that starts from a rifle body, is intersected in the intersection point of two rifle body axis, ends at the negative electrode of another rifle body.The mid portion of the electric arc arc column that between two rifle body anodes and negative electrode, produces just has been transferred to outside the rifle body.
Fig. 2 is the mechanical construction drawing of the single rifle body portion of the present invention; As shown in Figure 2, the rifle body is made up of additional-air inlet chamber 1, main electrode 2, primary induction chamber 3, auxiliary electrode 4, primary induction chamber's body 5, inner core 6, urceolus 7, isolated insulation tube 8, forward flange 9, insulator 10, rear flange 11 and tail flange 12.
Through having primary air inlet and auxilairy air intake to enter in primary induction chamber 3 and the additional-air inlet chamber 1, the airintake direction of the two is the tangential and injects working gas (Q), and direction of rotation is identical respectively.The direction of rotation of the primary induction chamber of working gas in same rifle body and additional-air inlet chamber is identical.
The structure of main electrode 2 is the double-deck hollow tubular structure of an end opening, end sealing, is electric arc and gas passage in the pipe, and pipe is outer to be cooling-water duct.Blind end is provided with additional-air inlet chamber 1, and openend links to each other with primary induction chamber body 5.Main electrode 2 is as shown in Figure 3, pipe 31 and outer tube 32 in comprising, and the outer wall of interior pipe 31 is processed with guiding gutter 33 longitudinally.These guiding gutters 33 can increase the flow of cooling water on the one hand, can enlarge the heat exchange area of electrode on the other hand, improve the heat exchange efficiency of cooling water, help to prolong the useful life of electrode.The material of main electrode is processed by oxygen-free copper or anti-oxidant Cu alloy material.If working gas is an oxidizing atmosphere, can also be at electrode inner surface coating ORC.
Additional-air inlet chamber 1 is arranged on the main electrode afterbody, and the cavity of main electrode 2 blind ends both capable of using also can be provided with separately.Its basic structure is similar with primary induction chamber 3, processing tangential admission hole on internal chamber wall.The purpose one that the additional-air inlet chamber is set is to avoid electric arc arc root to get to the main electrode afterbody, the 2nd, and through changing the quantity and the size of air admission hole,, the flow of adjusting air inlet and speed regulates electric arc arc location of root thereby reaching.
For the direction of rotation that guarantees the primary induction chamber of working gas in same rifle body and additional-air inlet chamber is identical; The tangential admission hole machine direction of processing is consistent on same rifle body primary induction chamber 3 and the additional-air inlet chamber 1; Promptly be all clockwise direction or be all counter clockwise direction, Fig. 4 is that primary induction chamber 3 is according to the tangential admission hole that counterclockwise processes.
The high frequency arc starter is the electric arc starting drive that offers major loop when starting spray gun.As shown in Figure 1, the high frequency arc starter is installed between the main electrode 2 and auxiliary electrode 4 of two rifle bodies.Because the high-frequency arc strike device belongs to publicly-owned technology, does not describe in detail at this.
Cooling water is the concentric structure that is combined by multi-layer piping with work air inlet conveyance conduit; Cooling water is flowed out by delivery port after water inlet flows into cooling main electrode and auxiliary electrode, and the work air inlet is delivered to additional-air inlet chamber 1 and primary induction chamber 2 respectively through pipeline.
Operation principle: as shown in Figure 1; During the spray gun operate as normal; The positive and negative electrode of power supply is connected through the main electrode 2 of cable with two rifle bodies respectively; The auxiliary electrode 4 of two rifle bodies links together through cable or mechanical mechanism and makes it into equipotential, and the high frequency arc starter is connected between main electrode 2 and the auxiliary electrode 4.When spray gun starts, at first to logical cooling water of spray gun and work air inlet, treat the two stable after; Connect the high frequency arc starter; Electric arc forms between the main electrode 2 of two rifle bodies and auxiliary electrode 4 respectively, treat arc stability after, break off the cable that connects two auxiliary electrodes 4 or utilize mechanical structure separately the two rifle bodies that connect; Two sections electric arcs that are distributed in two rifle bodies finally under the compression of swirling eddy electric arc be elongated and be intersected in the intersection point place of two rifle body axis; Form by the complete electric arc (electric arc originate in and positive source, be intersected in the crossing point of axes of two rifles, closed in negative pole) of a rifle body main electrode to another rifle body main electrode.
Concrete structure of the present invention has proved the unique features that the present invention had; Not only can satisfy purposes such as metal smelt, pulverized coal boiler ignition, ultra (Asia) velocity of sound spraying, waste incineration, waste disposal, material preparation and screening as traditional plasma gun; And, also can be widely used in melting or smelting of nonmetal and exotic material as its unique transferred arc and the wide characteristics of range of operation.
Plasma gun temperature of the present invention can reach more than the 10000K; The heat efficiency is up to more than 90%; Range of operation is wide, and parameter regulation is convenient, and is stable; Long service life can be widely used in purposes such as metal and nonmetal smelting, pulverized coal boiler ignition, ultra (Asia) velocity of sound spraying, waste incineration, waste disposal, material preparation and screening etc.
The unspecified part of the present invention belongs to general knowledge as well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. a crossed transferred-arc plasma torch is characterized in that: be made up of two identical rifle bodies of structure, be the splayed structure distribution between the two rifle bodies; Two rifle body axis angles are 10～170 °, and the main electrode of two rifle bodies (2) is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of power supply respectively through cable, and the auxiliary electrode of two rifle bodies is joined together to form equipotential through cable or mechanical mechanism between (4); Be connected with the high-frequency arc strike device between main electrode of each rifle body (2) and the auxiliary electrode (4); In spray gun when work, form untransferable arc between the main electrode (2) of each rifle body and auxiliary electrode (4), treat that untransferable arc in two rifle bodies is stablized after; Break off the connection between two auxiliary electrodes (4); Untransferable arc in two rifle bodies elongates and pulls out auxiliary electrode under the effect of working gas, form the main electrode that originates in a rifle body; Be intersected in the crossing point of axes place of two rifle bodies, end at the transferred arc of the main electrode of another rifle body.
2. a kind of crossed transferred-arc plasma torch according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described rifle body comprises additional-air inlet chamber (1), main electrode (2), primary induction chamber (3), auxiliary electrode (4), primary induction chamber's body (5), inner core (6), urceolus (7), isolated insulation tube (8), forward flange (9), insulator (10), rear flange (11) and tail flange (12); Main electrode (2) and auxiliary electrode (4) lay respectively at the rear end and the front end of rifle body; Respectively with primary induction chamber's body (5) mechanical connection; The cavity that forms between main electrode (2), auxiliary electrode (4) and the primary induction chamber's body (5) is primary induction chamber (3), and additional-air inlet chamber (1) is arranged on the afterbody of main electrode (2), is spaced from each other through isolated insulation tube (8) between main electrode (2) and the primary induction chamber's body (5); Primary induction chamber's body (5), inner core (6), urceolus (7) and forward flange (9) are welded as a whole; The tail end of main electrode (2) and tail flange (12) weld together, and tail flange (12) is connected with rear flange (11) through bolt, and rear flange (11) is connected with forward flange (9) with insulator (10) through bolt; Auxiliary electrode (4) is positioned at the exit of rifle body, is connected with primary induction chamber's body (5) through screw thread.
3. a kind of crossed transferred-arc plasma torch according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the inner chamber wall of described additional-air inlet chamber (1) and primary induction chamber (3) is provided with the air admission hole of 1～4 row and inner chamber circumference tangential; The quantity in every row's tangential admission hole is for being uniformly distributed with 2～8, and the additional-air inlet chamber (1) of each rifle body is consistent with the tangential admission direction of primary induction chamber (3).
4. a kind of crossed transferred-arc plasma torch according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: the internal diameter of described auxiliary electrode (4) is for to be collapsed shape along airflow direction; The end outlet that shrinks is less than or equal to the internal diameter of main electrode (2), and the minimum diameter of auxiliary electrode (4) is 0.3～1 times main electrode (a 1) internal diameter.
5. a kind of crossed transferred-arc plasma torch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described main electrode (2) and auxiliary electrode (4) adopt anti-oxidant red copper material or Cu alloy material to process, and are coated with ORC at inner surface.
6. a kind of crossed transferred-arc plasma torch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described main electrode (2) and auxiliary electrode (4) are double-deck hollow tubular electrode, and the outer wall of interior pipe has the bosh of logical cooling water.
7. a kind of crossed transferred-arc plasma torch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the length of described auxiliary electrode (4) is 2～5 times of main electrode (2) internal diameter.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101096022A CN101778526B (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2010-02-09 | Crossed transferred-arc plasma torch |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010101096022A CN101778526B (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2010-02-09 | Crossed transferred-arc plasma torch |
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| CN101778526A CN101778526A (en) | 2010-07-14 |
| CN101778526B true CN101778526B (en) | 2012-01-11 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104202899B (en) * | 2012-08-19 | 2017-09-15 | 衢州昀睿工业设计有限公司 | A kind of interior arc plasma gun for gasification furnace |
| CN104202900B (en) * | 2012-08-19 | 2016-05-04 | 衢州昀睿工业设计有限公司 | A kind of interior arc plasma gun that adds thermal decomposition purposes |
| CN104703376A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-10 | 新疆天业（集团）有限公司 | Large-power V-shaped plasma torch |
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Owner name: AEROSPACE SHENJIE (BEIJING) ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTI Free format text: FORMER OWNER: CHINA AEROSPACE AERODYNAMIC TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE Effective date: 20140312 |
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Effective date of registration: 20140312 Address after: 100048, 16, Fu Cheng Road, Beijing, 5 floor, Room 501, Haidian District Patentee after: Aerospace God Jie (Beijing) Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 100074 Beijing, Fengtai District Yungang West Road, No. 17 Patentee before: China Aerospace Aerodynamic Technology Institute |
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Address after: Room 501, 5th floor, 16 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048 Patentee after: Aerospace Shenjie (Beijing) Technology Development Co., Ltd. Address before: Room 501, 5th floor, 16 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048 Patentee before: Aerospace God Jie (Beijing) Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. |