CN107124814A - A kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices - Google Patents
A kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices Download PDFInfo
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- CN107124814A CN107124814A CN201710466833.0A CN201710466833A CN107124814A CN 107124814 A CN107124814 A CN 107124814A CN 201710466833 A CN201710466833 A CN 201710466833A CN 107124814 A CN107124814 A CN 107124814A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009700 powder processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
- B22F1/142—Thermal or thermo-mechanical treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/42—Plasma torches using an arc with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices, the device is made up of anode part, dynode part, cathode portion, powder feeding part and its annex;Described anode part is made up of anode casing, anode, holddown plate etc., and each several part is connected by bolt presses;Described dynode part is made up of arc ring, dead ring, dynode, dynode inner sleeve, dynode overcoat etc., is compressed jointly with anode part by cathode portion;Described cathode portion is made up of cathode shell, cathode sheath, negative electrode, negative electrode dead ring, negative electrode hold-down ring, and each several part is sequentially connected, and negative electrode hold-down ring is contacted with cathode sheath and is connected with cathode shell;Described powder feeding part is made up of powder feeding pipe and powder-feeding nozzle, and is connected successively.The powder that the present invention is carried out after nodularization, and processing using excellent specific properties such as Laminar Plasma Jet controllability is good, heat enthalpy value is high, jet length length to powder has the advantages that Oxygen potential height, uniformity are good.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices, belong to hot plasma generating means
Field.
Background technology
In recent years, the spheric granules of thermal spraying and increasing material manufacturing to the refractory metal powder such as spheroidizing of powder, especially tungsten, titanium
(Sphericity>98%th, it is few without hollow powder, satellite powder, bonded powder etc.), particle diameter distribution it is narrow(d50≤45μm), low oxygen content(<
100ppm), high apparent density, the fundamental characteristics such as low impurity content propose higher and higher requirement.Traditional spheroidizing of powder dress
Put, such as turbulent plasma spheroidizing of powder device, laser powder spheroidization device, electrical arc powder spheroidization device, or because it is used
It is with high costs, or it is difficult to the originals such as processing high-melting-point powder because its spheroidizing of powder rate and uniformity are poor, or because its temperature is limited
Cause, is increasingly difficult to meet its requirement to globular metallic powder.
In patent Muehlberger Erich, Meuhlberger Stephan E, Sickinger Albert, et al.
Modular segmented cathode plasma generator:In US5298835A [P] .1994-03-29. descriptions,
Muehlberger Erich et al. propose a kind of multi-electrode plasma system, in the case where negative electrode number is constant, pass through
Increase electric current to obtain relatively high power.But, the life-span of electrode declines, it is difficult to long-time steady operation.The present apparatus can be by adjusting
The number of section dynode reaches the requirement of power, i.e., realized with the mode of big voltage, low current it is high-power, so as to reduce electrode burning
Lose speed and the pollution to processed material.
Patent Drouet Michel.Methods and apparatuses for preparing spheroidal
powders:It can be seen that in WO2011054113A1 [P] .2011-05-12. descriptions, gas ions atomization method is using three independences
Turbulence type direct-current plasma generator, heated, melted and be atomized system to the silk material of feeding with certain angle convergence
Standby spherical powder.Due to the limitation of plasma generator own vol, convergent point is away from plasma generator outlet, therefore
The high-temperature region of plasma generator can not be made full use of to carry out powder fusing, it is necessary to which additional additional power supply is carried out in advance to silk material
Heat, constrains the ability of its powder-processed.Jet heat enthalpy value height, length length, the volume to air of present apparatus generation inhale small, axial direction
Thermograde is small, controllability is good, long lifespan, can the excellent specific property such as center powder feeding.Based on these above-mentioned excellent specific properties, many cathode layers
Stream plasma powder spheroidization device compensate for the defect of above-mentioned spheroidizing of powder device in terms of spheroidizing of powder, with wider
Application prospect.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problem of current spheroidizing of powder device is present, the invention discloses a kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasmas
Spheroidizing of powder device, can produce stable Laminar Plasma Jet, and all kinds of powder are carried out with spheroidising, and spheroidizing of powder rate
High, uniformity is good.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as described below.
A kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices, mainly by anode part, dynode part, negative pole part
Divide, powder feeding part is constituted:
Described anode part is made up of anode casing, anode, holddown plate etc., and anode casing, anode, holddown plate pass through spiral shell
Bolt compresses connection;
Described dynode part is made up of arc ring, dead ring, dynode, dynode inner sleeve, dynode overcoat etc.;Striking
Ring, dead ring, dynode, dynode inner sleeve, dynode overcoat are connected successively;Dynode part passes through dynode with cathode portion
Overcoat is connected;Dynode part is connected with anode by dead ring;Cathode portion, dynode part and anode casing are solid successively
Even;
Described cathode portion is made up of cathode shell, cathode sheath, negative electrode, negative electrode dead ring, negative electrode hold-down ring etc.;Outside negative electrode
Shell, cathode sheath, negative electrode, negative electrode dead ring are sequentially connected;Negative electrode hold-down ring is contacted with cathode sheath, and is connected with cathode shell;Its
In, described negative electrode is made up of central water-cooling pipe, cathode block, cathode taps, compressing member, central water-cooling pipe, cathode block, cathode taps,
Compressing member is connected successively;
Described powder feeding part is made up of powder feeding pipe and powder-feeding nozzle;Powder feeding pipe and powder-feeding nozzle are connected successively;Powder feeding part leads to
Powder feeding pipe is crossed to be connected with anode casing.
In said apparatus, described anode side end face it is uniform aperture identical arc channel and converge at one, and from
Processing is in horn-like nozzle arrangements at convergence, and center is provided with the circular hole coordinated with powder feeding portion gap, sideways to be spiral
Bosh.
In said apparatus, the uniform big hole in described anode casing side end face is communicated with center hole;Staggered sideways are equal
Cloth intake tunnel and backwater channel, reduces the problem of separately connecing waterway pipe.
In said apparatus, described cathode block one end is machined with water-cooled electric cable joint, is connected with plasma electrical source negative pole;
Described cathode taps are inlayed to be connected by tungsten electrode head with tungsten electrode seat to be constituted, and the nearly anode one end of tungsten electrode head rest is that semicircle is spherical;It is described
Cathode shell side be provided with air inlet pipe, be welded to each other and be integrated.
The invention has the advantages that:
1)Logical excessive voltage, the mode of low current realize it is high-power, so as to reduce electrode erosion and the pollution to processed material.
2)Multiple one anode of negative electrode and dynode partial common, finally produce a branch of Laminar Plasma Jet, it is to avoid multi beam layer
Interfered caused by stream plasma jet convergence, and then produce jet fluctuation.3)Under the conditions of rated power, using many
Negative electrode and many dynode part-structures, effectively reduce the operating current of single cathode portion, so as to reduce at Cathode arc root
The thermic load that current density and target are subject to, extends electrode life.4)Using intermediate electrode structure, not only avoid big
The generation of yardstick distributary phenomenon, improves the stability of plasma jet, and extends arc length, improves electric arc arc
Pressure, so as to reduce electric arc arc root current density under equal-wattage, extends the service life of electrode.5)Center powder-feeding nozzle
The powder of ejection is directly entered in the middle of jet, and the fluctuation to jet is small, so that Oxygen potential is high, uniformity is good.6)What is produced penetrates
Properties of flow is stable, excellent performance.The jet length length of present apparatus generation, axial-temperature gradient are small, controllability is preferable, heat enthalpy value
Height, more suitable for carrying out spheroidizing of powder processing to refractory material.7)Anode convenient disassembly, service life is long.Changing anode only needs
Compression end cap is twisted off to take out;In view of the cooling of anode, sideways using sped structure.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is three negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization device overall structure figures.
Fig. 2 is three negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization device revolved sectional views.
Fig. 3 is cathode portion and dynode phantom.
Fig. 4 is anode construction figure.
Wherein:1 anode part, 1-1 anode casings, 1-2 anodes, 1-3 holddown plates, 2 dynode parts, 2-1 draws
Arc ring, 2-2 dead rings, 2-3 dynodes, 2-4 dynode inner sleeves, 2-5 dynode overcoats, 3 cathode portions, 3-1 negative electrodes
Shell, 3-2 cathode sheaths, 3-3 negative electrodes, 3-3a central water-cooling pipes, 3-3b cathode blocks, 3-3c cathode taps, 3-3d is compressed
Part, 3-4 negative electrode dead rings, 3-5 negative electrode hold-down rings, 4 powder feeding parts, 4-1 powder feeding pipes, 4-2 powder-feeding nozzles.
Embodiment
In order to preferably illustrate the present invention, now by taking three negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices as an example, with reference to
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail accompanying drawing.
Three negative electrodes laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization device such as accompanying drawing 1 disclosed by the invention, described in 2, by anode part
(1), dynode part(2), cathode portion(3)With powder feeding part(4)Composition:
As described in accompanying drawing 2, anode part(1)By anode casing(1-1), anode(1-2), holddown plate(1-3)Deng composition, anode
Housing(1-1), anode(1-2), holddown plate(1-3)Connected by bolt presses;Anode(1-2)Structure is shown in accompanying drawing 4;
As described in accompanying drawing 3, dynode part(2)By arc ring(2-1), dead ring(2-2), dynode(2-3), dynode inner sleeve
(2-4), dynode overcoat(2-5)Deng composition;Arc ring(2-1), dead ring(2-2), dynode(2-3), dynode inner sleeve(2-
4), dynode overcoat(2-5), cathode portion(3)It is connected successively;Dynode part passes through dynode overcoat with cathode portion(2-
5)It is connected;Dynode(2-3)With anode(1-2)Pass through dead ring(2-2)Connection;Cathode portion(3), dynode part(2)With
Anode casing(1-1)It is connected successively;
As described in accompanying drawing 3, cathode portion(3)By cathode shell(3-1), cathode sheath(3-2), negative electrode(3-3), negative electrode dead ring
(3-4), negative electrode hold-down ring(3-5)Deng composition;Cathode shell(3-1), cathode sheath(3-2), negative electrode(3-3), negative electrode dead ring(3-
4)It is sequentially connected;Negative electrode hold-down ring(3-5)With cathode sheath(3-2)Contact, and and cathode shell(3-1)It is connected;Wherein, it is described
Negative electrode(3-3)By central water-cooling pipe(3-3a), cathode block(3-3b), cathode taps(3-3c), compressing member(3-3d)Composition, middle edema with the heart involved
Cold pipe(3-3a), cathode block(3-3b), cathode taps(3-3c), compressing member(3-3d)It is connected successively;
As described in accompanying drawing 2, powder feeding part(4)By powder feeding pipe(4-1)And powder-feeding nozzle(4-2)Composition;Powder feeding pipe(4-1)And powder feeding
Nozzle(4-2)It is connected successively;Powder feeding part(4)Pass through powder feeding pipe(4-1)With anode casing(1-1)It is connected.
The connection in the device water route:Cooling water is through cathode block all the way(3-3b), flow into central water-cooling pipe(3-3a)Cooling is cloudy
Cartridge(3-3c)Afterwards, cathode block is flowed out(3-3b)Through cathode sheath(3-2), flow into cathode shell(3-1)In, then through dynode inner sleeve
(2-4), it is flowed into anode casing(1-1)Inside, as shown in Figure 3.Another road cooling water is from anode casing(1-1)Intake tunnel
Flow into, through anode(1-2)Flow into anode casing(1-1)It is interior, anode casing is flowed out in the lump with water before all the way(1-1)Water outlet
Passage, final reflux tank, as shown in Figure 2.
The connection of the device gas circuit:Working gas is from cathode shell(3-1)Air inlet pipe enter, through cathode sheath(3-2)On
Inlet channel enter compressing member(3-3d)On inlet channel, subsequently into generator workspace.
The connection of the device circuit:Anode(1-2)Connect the positive pole of power supply, cathode block(3-3b)On water-cooled electric cable joint connect
Power cathode, arc ring(2-1)Connect the arc end of power supply.
Specific implementation step:1)First, regulation gas valve is passed through working gas, and gas flow is controlled by flowmeter, and
Check the air-tightness of generator;2)Open cooling water, checking device whether leak, it is ensured that can normal work;3)Turn on the power,
Apply high-frequency and high-voltage between negative electrode and arc ring, puncture two interpolars, produce electric arc;4)High-frequency and high-voltage is disconnected, applies direct current
Pressure, makes electric arc burn away, generator normal work.
Finally it is to be appreciated that above case study on implementation is merely to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, this area skill
Art personnel should be appreciated that either equivalent substitution of being modified to technical scheme, without departing from spirit of the invention
And scope, it all should cover among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices, it is characterised in that:It includes common anode part(1)、
Around multiple dynode parts of central distribution(2)With multiple cathode portions(3), center powder feeding part(4);
Described anode part(1)By anode casing(1-1), anode(1-2), holddown plate(1-3)Deng composition, anode casing
(1-1), anode(1-2), holddown plate(1-3)Connected by bolt presses;
Described anode(1-2)Side end face it is uniform aperture identical arc channel and converge at one, and processed at convergence
In horn-like nozzle arrangements, center is provided with and powder feeding part(4)The circular hole that gap coordinates, is sideways screw type cooling water
Groove;
Described dynode part(2)By arc ring(2-1), dead ring(2-2), dynode(2-3), dynode inner sleeve(2-4)、
Dynode overcoat(2-5)Deng composition;Arc ring(2-1), dead ring(2-2), dynode(2-3), dynode inner sleeve(2-4), in
Compole overcoat(2-5)It is connected successively;Dynode part(2)With cathode portion(3)Pass through dynode overcoat(2-5)It is connected;It is middle
Pole part(2)With anode(1-2)Pass through dead ring(2-2)Connection;Cathode portion(3), dynode part(2)With anode casing
(1-1)It is connected successively;
Described cathode portion(3)By cathode shell(3-1), cathode sheath(3-2), negative electrode(3-3), negative electrode dead ring(3-4), it is cloudy
Pole hold-down ring(3-5)Deng composition;Cathode shell(3-1), cathode sheath(3-2), negative electrode(3-3), negative electrode dead ring(3-4)Connect successively
Connect;Negative electrode hold-down ring(3-5)With cathode sheath(3-2)Contact, and and cathode shell(3-1)It is connected;Wherein, described negative electrode(3-
3)By central water-cooling pipe(3-3a), cathode block(3-3b), cathode taps(3-3c), compressing member(3-3d)Composition, central water-cooling pipe(3-
3a), cathode block(3-3b), cathode taps(3-3c), compressing member(3-3d)It is connected successively;
Described powder feeding part(4)By powder feeding pipe(4-1)And powder-feeding nozzle(4-2)Composition;Powder feeding pipe(4-1)And powder-feeding nozzle
(4-2)It is connected successively;Powder feeding part(4)Pass through powder feeding pipe(4-1)With anode casing(1-1)It is connected.
2. a kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Share one
Anode(1-2), dynode part(2)And cathode portion(3)Quantity is identical and adjustable.
3. a kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The present apparatus
Simply one embodiment, dynode(2-3)Number can be increased or decreased according to the requirement of power.
4. a kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Anode
(1-2)On the arc channel of anode nozzle axis same position, arc channel are converged at along the uniform multiple axial lines of peripheral direction
Axis is in X ° with anode nozzle axis, one dynode part of each arc channel correspondence(2)And cathode portion(3).
5. a kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described
Anode casing(1-1)The uniform big hole in side end face is communicated with center hole;Staggered sideways it is uniform intake tunnel and backwater it is logical
Road.
6. a kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described
Cathode shell(3-1)Air inlet pipe is provided with certain position sideways, is welded to each other and is integrated.
7. a kind of many negative electrode laminar flow plasma powder spheroidization devices according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described
Cathode taps(3-3c)By tungsten electrode head(Material:Tungsten alloy)With tungsten electrode seat(Material:Red copper)Connected composition is inlayed, and tungsten electrode head rest is near
Anode one end is that semicircle is spherical.
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Cited By (13)
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CN107896414A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-10 | 成都真火科技有限公司 | A kind of laminar flow plasma spheroidization method |
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