CN211128363U

CN211128363U - Cascade plasma generator

Info

Publication number: CN211128363U
Application number: CN201922002695.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈伦江; 曹诚志; 才来中; 程昌明; 童洪辉
Original assignee: Southwestern Institute of Physics
Current assignee: Southwestern Institute of Physics
Priority date: 2019-11-19
Filing date: 2019-11-19
Publication date: 2020-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-19

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the plasma technology, in particular to a cascade plasma generator, which comprises a cathode component, a cathode seat, an anode, a cathode seat and an anode cascade plate; the cathode base and the cascade plates are coaxially arranged, the cathode base and the plurality of cascade plates below are fixedly connected by the screw rod, and the insulating sleeve is wrapped outside the connecting screw rod. Each part of the cascade plasma generator is respectively provided with a cooling channel, and the parts are independently cooled by water without interference, so that the individual disassembly and assembly and maintenance are convenient; adopt the cascade board to pass through between the negative and positive poles, equipment during operation, working gas ionizes and forms plasma between negative pole and positive pole, and electron is followed negative pole head 23 and is launched and fallen on the cascade board after the electric field accelerates, adopts the cascade board to pass through, can solve because of the bombardment of electron leads to the loss of electrode material, effectively alleviates the electrode ablation, improves its life.

Description

Cascade plasma generator

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the plasma technology, concretely relates to cascade plasma generator for preparation of spherical powder.

Background

In recent years, additive manufacturing technologies such as 3D printing are one of the most interesting emerging technologies in the world, and are becoming a new trend for changing the traditional manufacturing mode, and particularly when parts with special shapes or complex structures are prepared, the additive manufacturing technology greatly improves the utilization rate of materials and reduces the preparation period of the parts, but the flowability of raw material powder is one of the basic requirements. The thermal plasma jet has the characteristics of high temperature, high enthalpy, high energy density and the like, is considered to be one of the most effective modes for preparing spherical powder materials, and the plasma generator is required to have the characteristics of high stability, high efficiency, long service life and the like in practical industrial application.

At present, the methods for preparing spherical powder by using a plasma technology mainly comprise a plasma rotating electrode method, a high-frequency induction coupling spheroidizing method and the like, and the plasma rotating electrode method has the defects of low fine powder yield and the like. Although the high-frequency induction coupling spheroidization method is a more ideal spherical powder preparation method, the high-frequency induction coupling spheroidization method has the risk that a high-frequency plasma torch is easy to damage and the like in the powder spheroidization process, so that the service life of the high-frequency plasma torch is short, and the process of industrial application is hindered.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a tandem type plasma generator, it is to spherical powder preparation, and the farine is received the yield and is higher and the risk is less.

The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:

a cascade plasma generator comprises a cathode component, a cathode seat arranged at the lower end of the cathode component, and an anode arranged below the cathode seat, wherein a plurality of layers of cascade plates are arranged between the cathode seat and the anode; the cathode base and the cascade plates are coaxially arranged, corresponding mounting holes are processed at the positions with the same distance from the central shaft at the two ends, the cathode base and the plurality of cascade plates below are fixedly connected by the connecting screw, insulating sleeves are placed in the mounting holes, and the insulating sleeves wrap the outside of the connecting screw.

And cascade plate sealing gaskets are arranged between the adjacent cascade plates, on the lower surfaces of the top-layer cascade plate and the cathode base, on the upper surfaces of the bottom-layer cascade plate and the anode.

The cascade plate sealing gasket is made of boron nitride.

And cascade plate insulating gaskets are arranged among the adjacent cascade plates, on the bottom layer of the cascade plates and on the upper surface of the anode for insulation.

The cascade plate insulating gasket is made of boron nitride.

The cathode seat center processing cathode mounting hole, the first section in hole be straight section of thick bamboo wall, the second section be big-end-up's cone section of thick bamboo wall, the inside cooling water passageway that is equipped with of cathode seat, its bottom circumference is equipped with cathode seat cooling water import and the top is equipped with cathode seat cooling water export, send whitewashed mouth and working gas entry.

The ring plate structure of red copper material of cascade plate, it processes square water-cooling channel along the face direction, square water-cooling channel establish ties and form the series connection cooling channel of all cascade plates together.

The anode is provided with a cooling channel, and the two symmetrical ends of the anode are provided with a cooling water channel inlet and a cooling water outlet.

The cathode assembly is externally provided with a cathode insulating sleeve through threads, the cathode assembly is fixed in a cathode mounting hole of the cathode base through the cathode insulating sleeve, and the cathode insulating sleeve and the cathode mounting hole are sealed through an O-shaped ring.

The cathode assembly comprises a cathode head, a red copper seat and a cathode cooling sleeve, the red copper seat is connected to the cathode cooling sleeve through threads, a certain gap channel is reserved between the red copper seat and the cathode cooling sleeve and is called as a cooling water channel, the top and the side of the cathode cooling sleeve are respectively provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, the red copper seat and the cathode cooling sleeve are coaxially mounted, one end of the red copper seat is processed into a stepped structure and is used for being positioned and mounted with the cathode cooling sleeve, the other end of the red copper seat is processed into a counter bore for the center of the conical surface, and the cathode head is tightly mounted in.

The utility model discloses an effect as follows:

(1) each part of the cascade plasma generator is respectively provided with a cooling channel, and the parts are independently cooled by water without interference, so that the individual disassembly and assembly and maintenance are convenient; (2) the cathode and the anode are transited by adopting the cascade plates, when the equipment works, working gas is ionized between the cathode and the anode to form plasma, electrons are emitted from the cathode head 23 and fall on the cascade plates after being accelerated by an electric field, and the transition is carried out by adopting the cascade plates, so that the loss of electrode materials caused by the bombardment of the electrons can be solved, the electrode ablation is effectively relieved, and the service life of the electrode is prolonged; (3) the cascade plate sealing gasket 8 and the cascade plate insulating gasket 9 are made of boron nitride, and can effectively insulate and seal.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cascaded plasma generator;

in the figure: 1. a cathode assembly; 2. an anode; 3. a cascade plate; 4. a powder feeding port; 5. a working gas inlet; 6. connecting a screw rod; 7. an insulating sleeve; 8. a cascade plate seal gasket; 9. a cascade plate insulating spacer; 10. a cathode base; 11. an insulating cap; 12. a cathode insulating sleeve; 13. a cathode cooling water inlet; 14. a cathode cooling water outlet; 15. a cathode cooling jacket; 16. a cathode base cooling water inlet; 17. a cathode base cooling water outlet; 18. a cascade plate cooling water inlet; 19. a cascade plate cooling water outlet; 20. a cascade plate square cooling water channel; 21. an anode cooling water inlet; 22. an anode cooling water outlet; 23. a cathode head; 24. a red copper base; 25. a nut; 26. a plasma jet outlet.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.

The cascade plasma generator comprises a cathode assembly 1, a cathode base 10 for mounting the cathode assembly 1, a plurality of layers of cascade plates 3 mounted below the cathode base 10, and an anode 2 mounted below the cascade plates 3.

The cathode assembly 1 comprises a cathode head 23, a red copper seat 24 and a cathode cooling jacket 15, the red copper seat 24 is connected to the cathode cooling jacket 15 through threads, a certain gap channel is reserved between the red copper seat 24 and the cathode cooling jacket 15 and is called as a cooling water channel for cooling the cathode, and the top and the side of the cathode cooling jacket 15 are respectively provided with a cooling water inlet 13 and a cooling water outlet 14.

The red copper seat 24 is coaxially mounted with the cathode cooling jacket 15, one end of the red copper seat is processed into a stepped structure for positioning and mounting with the cathode cooling jacket 15, the other end of the red copper seat is processed into a conical surface, a counter bore is processed at the center, a cathode head 23 is tightly mounted in the counter bore, and the red copper seat is made of tungsten. The surface of the cathode head 23 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the counter bore, the head part extends out of the end face of one end of the conical surface, and the head part of the cathode head 23 is processed into a spherical shape.

The cathode base 10 and the cascade plates 3 are coaxially arranged, corresponding mounting holes are processed at the positions, the distances between the two ends and the central shaft are the same, the cathode base 10 and the plurality of cascade plates 3 below are fixedly connected through the connecting screw rods 6, the insulating sleeves 7 are placed in the mounting holes, and the insulating sleeves 7 are wrapped outside the connecting screw rods 6.

The adjacent cascade plates 3, the lower surfaces of the top-layer cascade plates 3 and the cathode base 10, and the upper surfaces of the bottom-layer cascade plates 3 and the anode 2 are sealed by the cascade plate sealing gaskets 8.

The adjacent cascade plates 3, the bottom cascade plate 3 and the upper surface of the anode 2 are insulated by mounting a cascade plate insulating spacer 9.

The cascade plate gasket 8 and the cascade plate insulating spacer 9 are made of boron nitride.

A cathode mounting hole is machined in the center of the cathode base 10, the upper half section of the hole is a straight cylinder wall, and the lower half section of the hole is a conical section cylinder wall with a large upper part and a small lower part;

the cascade plate 3 is a ring plate structure made of red copper, and a square water cooling channel 20 is processed along the direction of the plate surface. The two ends of each square water-cooling channel are provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, and the number of the cascade plates is 4-8.

The anode 2 is a ring plate structure made of red copper, and the two symmetrical ends are provided with a cooling water channel inlet 21 and a cooling water outlet 22.

The small diameter of the conical section port at the lower end of the cathode mounting hole of the cathode base 10, the diameter of the inner ring of the cascade plate 3 and the diameter of the inner ring of the anode 2 are the same, and the three are coaxially mounted.

A cathode insulating sleeve 12 is installed outside the cathode assembly 1 through threads and fixed in a cathode installation hole of the cathode base 10 through the cathode insulating sleeve 12, and the cathode insulating sleeve 12 and the cathode installation hole are sealed through an O-shaped ring; the cathode insulating sleeve 12 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the cathode base 10 is made of red copper.

The inside cooling water passageway that is provided with of negative pole seat 10, its bottom circumference is equipped with negative pole seat cooling water inlet 16 and the top is equipped with negative pole seat cooling water outlet 17, send powder mouth 4 and working gas entry 5, and the working gas entry adopts the whirl mode of admitting air.

Cooling water enters the cathode assembly cooling channel from the cathode cooling water inlet 13 and flows out from the cathode assembly cooling channel through the cathode cooling water outlet 14 to cool the cathode; cooling water flows in through a cathode seat cooling water inlet 16 and flows out through a cathode seat cooling water outlet 17 to cool the cathode seat; the cascade plates 3 are cooled by flowing in through a cascade plate cooling water inlet 18 and then flowing out through a cascade plate cooling water outlet 19, each cascade plate 3 is provided with a square water cooling channel 20 on a symmetrical surface, and the cooling water inlets and the cooling water outlets of all the cascade plates are mutually connected in series, so that the cooling water among the cascade plates 3 is mutually connected in series; the cooling of the anode 2 is that cooling water flows in through an anode cooling water inlet 21 and then flows out through an anode cooling water outlet 22; the parts are independently cooled by water and are not interfered with each other.

The cathode assembly 1, the cathode seat 10, the cascade plate 3 and the anode 2 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, are connected by a connecting screw rod 6 sleeved with an insulating sleeve 7 and are fastened by nuts to form the cascade plasma generator. The upper end of the connecting screw rod 6 extends out of the upper surface of the cathode base 10, insulation is carried out through the insulating cap 11, the connecting screw rod is fixed through the mounting nut above the insulating cap 11, and the insulating cap 11 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

When the device works, working gas such as argon or nitrogen is introduced into the working gas inlet 5, a plasma power supply is started, an electric field formed between the cathode assembly 1 and the anode 2 ionizes the working gas to generate plasma jet, and the generated jet is ejected to the plasma jet outlet 26 along the discharge channel. The cathodes and the anodes are transited by adopting a plurality of cascade plates, so that the arc voltage and the jet length of the plasma can be effectively improved, and the electrode ablation is buffered; and the parts are independently cooled by water, so that the assembly and disassembly are convenient. By adjusting the flow rate and power of the working gas, the number of the cascade plates and the like, stable plasma jet with different lengths can be obtained. After the plasma operation state is stable, the powder material to be spheroidized is sent to the central area of the plasma jet flow through the powder feeding port 4 under the action of carrying airflow, and the powder material is rapidly melted under the action of high temperature of the plasma, and then is cooled and solidified to form spherical powder.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a cascade plasma generator, includes negative pole subassembly (1), locates negative pole seat (10) of negative pole subassembly (1) lower extreme to and locate positive pole (2) of negative pole seat (10) below, its characterized in that: a plurality of layers of cascade plates (3) are arranged between the cathode seat (10) and the anode (2); the cathode base (10) and the cascade plates (3) are coaxially installed, corresponding installation holes are processed at the positions, the distances between the two ends and the central shaft are the same, the cathode base (10) and the plurality of cascade plates (3) below are fixedly connected through the connecting screw rods (6), the insulating sleeves (7) are placed in the installation holes, and the insulating sleeves (7) are wrapped outside the connecting screw rods (6).

2. The cascade plasma generator of claim 1, wherein: and cascade plate sealing gaskets (8) are arranged between the adjacent cascade plates (3), on the lower surfaces of the top-layer cascade plates (3) and the cathode base (10), and on the upper surfaces of the bottom-layer cascade plates (3) and the anode (2).

3. The cascade plasma generator of claim 2, wherein: the cascade plate sealing gasket (8) is made of boron nitride.

4. The cascade plasma generator of claim 1, wherein: and cascade plate insulating gaskets (9) are arranged between the adjacent cascade plates (3) and on the upper surfaces of the bottom layer cascade plates (3) and the anode (2) for insulation.

5. The cascade plasma generator of claim 4, wherein: the cascade plate insulating gasket (9) is made of boron nitride.

6. The cascade plasma generator of claim 1, wherein: the cathode seat (10) central processing cathode mounting hole, the first section in hole be straight section of thick bamboo wall, the second section be big-end-up's cone section of thick bamboo wall, cathode seat (10) inside is equipped with the cooling water passageway, its bottom circumference is equipped with cathode seat cooling water inlet (16) and the top is equipped with cathode seat cooling water outlet (17), send whitewashed mouth (4) and working gas entry (5).

7. The cascade plasma generator of claim 1, wherein: the ring plate structure of cascade plate (3) red copper material, it processes square water-cooling channel (20) along the face direction, square water-cooling channel (20) establish ties and form the series connection cooling channel of all cascade plates (3) together.

8. The cascade plasma generator of claim 1, wherein: the anode (2) is provided with a cooling channel, and the two symmetrical ends are provided with a cooling water channel inlet (21) and a cooling water outlet (22).

9. The cascade plasma generator of claim 1, wherein: and a cathode insulating sleeve (12) is arranged outside the cathode assembly (1), and is fixed in a cathode mounting hole of the cathode base (10) through the cathode insulating sleeve (12), and the cathode insulating sleeve (12) and the cathode mounting hole are sealed through an O-shaped ring.

10. The cascade plasma generator of claim 1, wherein: the cathode assembly (1) comprises a cathode head (23), a red copper seat (24) and a cathode cooling sleeve (15), the red copper seat (24) is connected to the cathode cooling sleeve (15) through threads, a certain gap channel is reserved between the red copper seat (24) and the cathode cooling sleeve (15) and is called as a cooling water channel, the top and the side of the cathode cooling sleeve (15) are respectively provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, the red copper seat (24) and the cathode cooling sleeve (15) are coaxially mounted, one end of the red copper seat is processed into a stepped structure and is used for being positioned and mounted with the cathode cooling sleeve (15), the other end of the red copper seat is processed into a conical surface center, a counter bore is processed in the center of the conical surface, and the cathode head (.