CN112695268A - Annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying - Google Patents
Annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying Download PDFInfo
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- CN112695268A CN112695268A CN202110048810.4A CN202110048810A CN112695268A CN 112695268 A CN112695268 A CN 112695268A CN 202110048810 A CN202110048810 A CN 202110048810A CN 112695268 A CN112695268 A CN 112695268A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 200
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 103
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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Abstract
The invention discloses an annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying, which comprises a cylindrical anode, an anode sleeve, a powder feeding ring, a gas focusing ring, an annular end cover and a nozzle, wherein the cylindrical anode is arranged on the anode sleeve; powder is injected from a powder feeding hole in the annular end cover and enters the jet flow channel through an annular slit with the distance L3; the focusing gas is injected from a focusing gas inlet hole on the annular end cover and is converged to the external jet flow through a focusing gas annular slit with the distance of L4; the powder feeding annular slit and the central line of the main shaft form an acute angle alpha; the focusing gas annular slit forms an acute angle beta with the central line of the main shaft; the generatrix of the powder feeding hole and the focusing gas inlet hole on the same part is respectively tangent with the inner walls of the powder feeding annular groove and the focusing gas annular groove which are connected with the generatrix; the powder feeding device is simple in structure, does not need water cooling, can continuously and uniformly feed powder into jet flow along the circumferential direction, reduces jet flow disturbance, improves powder feeding efficiency and powder heating uniformity, and avoids powder overflow through focusing gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plasma spraying, in particular to an annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying.
Background
The plasma spraying has the advantages of wide spraying material range, convenient adjustment, strong adaptability, easy control of spraying atmosphere, strong coating binding force, adjustable porosity and the like, is widely applied to various fields of military affairs, aviation, aerospace, machinery, electric power, textile, biology, medical treatment and the like, and is a thermal spraying technology with quite wide application. However, with the rapid development of modern industry, high-end equipment and key parts have higher requirements on the density, strength and reliability of the coating, so that supersonic plasma spraying becomes the development direction of the thermal spraying technology at home and abroad.
The mode of powder injection jet flow is a key factor influencing the coating quality, and the prior supersonic speed plasma spraying gun mainly adopts two modes to feed powder: 1) the powder is axially fed by the powder feeding pipe, and the plasma jet is axially injected into the powder through the powder feeding pipe in the cathode or in the convergence center of a plurality of cathodes, so that the powder is fed by adopting the mode, the powder heating efficiency is high, but the powder and the carrier gas can influence the arc discharge characteristic and stability, and the arc channel and the nozzle are easily blocked; 2) the powder feeding pipe is used for feeding powder in the radial direction, one or more powder feeding pipes are arranged at a certain angle in the radial direction of the jet flow in or outside the gun, the powder is injected into the plasma jet flow in the radial direction through the powder feeding pipe, the powder feeding method is simple in structure, the powder feeding parameters are convenient to adjust, but the powder feeding efficiency, the deposition efficiency and the heating efficiency of the powder are low, the powder is heated unevenly, and the disturbance of the powder and carrier gas to the jet flow is large, so that the unpredictable change of the relative positions of the axis for spraying the powder and the jet flow, the axis of the spray gun and the surface of a workpiece is caused, and the stability, the uniformity and the consistency of a coating are poor. In addition, regardless of the manner of powder delivery, the molten or unmelted powder can easily escape from the plasma jet after leaving the spray gun nozzle, forming a free-floating powder, resulting in overspray, resulting in material waste, increased process costs, powder mixing into the coating, and affecting coating quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of unstable discharge, easy blockage of a discharge channel and a nozzle, low powder feeding efficiency, low deposition efficiency and heating efficiency, nonuniform powder heating, large jet flow disturbance and excessive spraying of the conventional supersonic plasma spraying device.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.
An annular powder feed and gas focusing apparatus for supersonic plasma spraying, comprising: the device comprises a cylindrical anode 1, an anode sleeve 2, a powder feeding ring 3, a gas focusing ring 4, an annular end cover 5 and a nozzle 6; the device is characterized in that the centers of the cylindrical anode 1, the anode sleeve 2, the powder feeding ring 3, the gas focusing ring 4, the annular end cover 5 and the nozzle 6 are coaxial and form a main shaft central line 101; the cylindrical anode 1 and the anode sleeve 2 are fixedly connected through threads at the front ends; a powder feeding ring 3 and a gas focusing ring 4 are sequentially arranged behind the anode sleeve 2 and are in compression connection with the anode sleeve 2 through threads between an annular end cover 5 and the anode sleeve; the material of the nozzle 6 is tungsten or graphite; the outer circumferential surface of the nozzle 6 is fixedly embedded with the axial central hole of the powder feeding ring 3; the cylindrical anode 1, the anode sleeve 2, the powder feeding ring 3, the gas focusing ring 4 and the annular end cover 5 are sealed by an O-shaped sealing ring 7; a first section of powder feeding hole 501 and a first section of focusing gas inlet hole 503 are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the annular end cover 5, and a first section of powder feeding annular groove 502 and a first section of focusing gas annular groove 504 are arranged on the inner circumferential surface; a second section of powder feeding hole 301 is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the powder feeding ring 3, and a second section of powder feeding annular groove 302 is formed in the inner circumferential surface; a second section of focused gas inlet hole 401 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the gas focusing ring 4, and a second section of focused gas annular groove 402 is arranged on the inner circumferential surface; the front end face of the axial central hole of the powder feeding ring 3 and the front end face of the nozzle 6 are in a coplanar surface and are parallel to the rear end face of the cylindrical anode 1, and a powder feeding annular slit 303 with the distance of L3 is formed; the front conical surface of the gas focusing ring 4 and the rear conical surface of the powder feeding ring 3 form a first section of focusing gas annular slit 403; the conical inner wall of the axial central hole of the gas focusing ring 4 is parallel to the outer conical surface of the nozzle 6, and a second section of focusing gas annular slit 404 with the interval of L4 is formed; the first-section powder feeding hole 501 is communicated with the powder feeding annular slit 303 sequentially through a first-section powder feeding annular groove 502, a second-section powder feeding hole 301 and a second-section powder feeding annular groove 302; the first section of focused gas inlet hole 503 is communicated with the second section of focused gas annular slit 404 sequentially through a first section of focused gas annular groove 504, a second section of focused gas inlet hole 401, a second section of focused gas annular groove 402 and a first section of focused gas annular slit 403; the rear conical surface of the cylindrical anode 1 forms an acute angle alpha with the central line 101; the outer conical surface of the nozzle 6 forms an acute angle beta with the center line 101; the length of the pore passage of the nozzle 6 is L1, and the wall thickness of the tail end of the nozzle 6 is L2.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, the length L1 of the pore passage of the nozzle 6 is 20-50 mm. By adopting the design, the heating and accelerating time of the powder 10 can be prolonged, and the phenomenon that the powder is deposited on the nozzle and blocks the nozzle due to the overlong nozzle is avoided.
As an improvement to the above technical solution, the wall thickness L2 at the end of the nozzle 6 is 2-5 mm. By the design, on one hand, the generated conical focusing gas ring 11 is surrounded around the plasma jet 12 as close as possible, so that overflowing powder is restrained and corrected better, and excessive spraying and material waste are prevented; on the other hand, to prevent the nozzle from being too thin, resulting in premature wear and ablation damage of the nozzle.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, the distance L3 between the powder feeding annular slits 303 is 1-2 mm. So design, under lower carrier gas and powder flow condition, can improve powder and carrier gas acceleration and the equipartition effect in the slit, guarantee that the powder evenly injects the efflux paraxial high temperature region along circumference, continuously.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, the distance L4 between the second section of the focusing gas annular slit 404 is 1-3 mm. By the design, the amount of the focusing gas can be saved, and the speed and the rigidity of the focusing gas ring are improved, so that the constraint effect on overflowing powder is improved.
As an improvement to the above technical scheme, the acute angle alpha is 15-85 degrees. So design, can improve the concentration that the powder got into the jet flow paraxial region, reduce powder, carrier gas to the disturbance of jet flow, improve the heating of powder, accelerate efficiency, guarantee simultaneously that jet flow and powder are leaving behind the spray gun nozzle with the coaxial distribution of spray gun axis.
As an improvement to the above technical scheme, the acute angle beta is 15-45 degrees. So design can reduce the disturbance of focused air current to the efflux, provides the toper gas ring for the powder simultaneously, assembles the efflux again with excessive powder, improves deposition efficiency, prevents the overspray.
As an improvement to the above technical solution, the first powder feeding hole 501 and the first focusing gas inlet 503 are respectively provided with two holes and are respectively arranged oppositely. And the generatrix of the powder feeding hole and the focusing gas inlet hole on the same part is tangent with the inner walls of the powder feeding annular groove and the focusing gas annular groove which are connected with the generatrix. The second section powder feeding hole 301 and the second section focusing gas inlet holes 401 are respectively provided with 4-6 holes and are respectively and uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction at intervals. By the design, the powder carrier gas 8 and the focusing gas 9 can be distributed in the front annular groove and the rear annular groove in a highly uniform manner, so that the powder, the carrier gas and the gathering gas can be continuously and uniformly injected into the annular slit along the circumferential direction, and further the powder, the carrier gas and the gathering gas can be uniformly injected into the plasma jet or a target area around the jet from the annular slit in a highly uniform manner.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects in the following aspects.
(1) The structure is simple, the nozzle is cooled by using focusing gas, a water cooling device is not required to be additionally arranged, and the installation, the disassembly and the inspection are convenient.
(2) The powder is fed at the tail end of the anode, the arc discharge characteristic is not influenced, the length of the nozzle is short, and the spraying material is not easy to adhere to the pore channel of the nozzle.
(3) The powder can be circumferentially, continuously and uniformly fed into the plasma jet, the powder is uniformly heated, the powder feeding efficiency and the heating efficiency are high, the concentration of the powder in a jet paraxial region is high, the jet flow disturbance is small, and the coating quality is good.
(4) The powder is prevented from escaping from the jet flow outside the spray gun, the deposition efficiency is improved, the over-spraying is avoided, and the stability of the coating is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the direction A-A of the annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a B-B sectional view of the annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the powder and focused gas flow of the annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1 a cylindrical anode; 101, a central line of a main shaft; 2 an anode sleeve; 3, feeding powder; 301 a second section of powder feeding hole; 302 second section powder feeding ring groove; 303, a powder feeding annular slit; 4, a gas focusing ring; 401 second section of focused gas inlet hole; 402 a second section of a focused gas annular groove; 403 a first segment focused gas annular slit; 404 a second segment of focused gas annular slit; 5, an annular end cover; 501 a first section powder feeding hole; 502 a first stage powder feed annular groove; 503 a first section of a focused gas inlet aperture; 504 a first section of a focused gas annular groove; 6, a nozzle; 7, sealing rings; 8, powder carrier gas; 9 focusing the gas; 10 of powder; 11 a focusing gas ring; 12 plasma jet.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived from the embodiments of the present invention by a person skilled in the art without any creative effort, should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides an annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying, which comprises a cylindrical anode 1, an anode sleeve 2, a powder feeding ring 3, a gas focusing ring 4, an annular end cover 5 and a nozzle 6. The centers of the cylindrical anode 1, the anode sleeve 2, the powder feeding ring 3, the gas focusing ring 4, the annular end cover 5 and the nozzle 6 are coaxial, and a main shaft central line 101 is formed; the cylindrical anode 1 and the anode sleeve 2 are fixedly connected through threads at the front ends; a powder feeding ring 3 and a gas focusing ring 4 are sequentially arranged behind the anode sleeve 2 and are in compression connection with the anode sleeve 2 through threads between an annular end cover 5 and the anode sleeve; the material of the nozzle 6 is tungsten or graphite; the outer circumferential surface of the nozzle 6 is fixedly embedded with the axial central hole of the powder feeding ring 3; the cylindrical anode 1, the anode sleeve 2, the powder feeding ring 3, the gas focusing ring 4 and the annular end cover 5 are sealed by an O-shaped sealing ring 7; a first section of powder feeding hole 501 and a first section of focusing gas inlet hole 503 are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the annular end cover 5, and a first section of powder feeding annular groove 502 and a first section of focusing gas annular groove 504 are arranged on the inner circumferential surface; a second section of powder feeding hole 301 is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the powder feeding ring 3, and a second section of powder feeding annular groove 302 is formed in the inner circumferential surface; a second section of focused gas inlet hole 401 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the gas focusing ring 4, and a second section of focused gas annular groove 402 is arranged on the inner circumferential surface; the front end face of the axial central hole of the powder feeding ring 3 and the front end face of the nozzle 6 are in a coplanar surface and are parallel to the rear end face of the cylindrical anode 1, and a powder feeding annular slit 303 with the distance of L3 is formed; the front conical surface of the gas focusing ring 4 and the rear conical surface of the powder feeding ring 3 form a first section of focusing gas annular slit 403; the conical inner wall of the axial central hole of the gas focusing ring 4 is parallel to the outer conical surface of the nozzle 6, and a second section of focusing gas annular slit 404 with the interval of L4 is formed; the first-section powder feeding hole 501 is communicated with the powder feeding annular slit 303 sequentially through a first-section powder feeding annular groove 502, a second-section powder feeding hole 301 and a second-section powder feeding annular groove 302; the first section of focused gas inlet hole 503 is communicated with the second section of focused gas annular slit 404 sequentially through a first section of focused gas annular groove 504, a second section of focused gas inlet hole 401, a second section of focused gas annular groove 402 and a first section of focused gas annular slit 403; the rear conical surface of the cylindrical anode 1 forms an acute angle alpha with the central line 101; the outer conical surface of the nozzle 6 forms an acute angle beta with the center line 101; the length of the pore passage of the nozzle 6 is L1, and the wall thickness of the tail end of the nozzle 6 is L2.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, the length L1 of the pore passage of the nozzle 6 is 20-50 mm. By adopting the design, the heating and accelerating time of the powder 10 can be prolonged, and the phenomenon that the powder is deposited on the nozzle and blocks the nozzle due to the overlong nozzle is avoided.
As an improvement to the above technical solution, the wall thickness L2 at the end of the nozzle 6 is 2-5 mm. By the design, on one hand, the generated conical focusing gas ring 11 is surrounded around the plasma jet 12 as close as possible, so that overflowing powder is restrained and corrected better, and excessive spraying and material waste are prevented; on the other hand, to prevent the nozzle from being too thin, resulting in premature wear and ablation damage of the nozzle.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, the distance L3 between the powder feeding annular slits 303 is 1-2 mm. By the design, under the condition of lower carrier gas and powder flow, the acceleration and uniform distribution efficiency of the powder and the carrier gas in the slit can be improved, and the powder is uniformly and continuously injected into a jet flow paraxial high-temperature area along the circumferential direction.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, the distance L4 between the second section of the focusing gas annular slit 404 is 1-3 mm. By the design, the amount of the focusing gas can be saved, and the speed and the rigidity of the focusing gas ring are improved, so that the constraint effect on overflowing powder is improved.
As an improvement to the above technical scheme, the acute angle alpha is 15-85 degrees. So design, can improve the concentration that the powder got into the jet flow paraxial region, reduce powder, carrier gas to the disturbance of jet flow, improve the heating of powder, accelerate efficiency, guarantee simultaneously that jet flow and powder are leaving behind the spray gun nozzle with the coaxial distribution of spray gun axis.
As an improvement to the above technical scheme, the acute angle beta is 15-45 degrees. So design can reduce the disturbance of focused air current to the efflux, provides the toper gas ring for the powder simultaneously, assembles the efflux again with excessive powder, improves deposition efficiency, prevents the overspray.
As shown in fig. 2, two first section focusing gas inlet holes 503 are provided and are oppositely arranged, and the generatrix of the first section focusing gas inlet hole 503 is tangent to the inner wall of the first section focusing gas annular groove 504 connected with the first section focusing gas inlet hole; the number of the second section of focused gas inlet holes 401 is 6, and the second section of focused gas inlet holes 401 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction at intervals, and the generatrix of each second section of focused gas inlet hole 401 is tangent to the inner wall of the second section of focused gas annular groove 402 connected with the generatrix. By the design, the focusing gas 9 can be uniformly distributed in the first and second sections of focusing gas annular grooves, so that the focusing gas can be uniformly and continuously injected into the focusing gas annular slit along the circumferential direction, a continuous and uniform conical gas ring is generated from the focusing gas annular slit and surrounds around the jet flow, and powder is prevented from escaping from the jet flow outside the spray gun.
As shown in fig. 3, two first-stage powder feeding holes 501 are arranged and are arranged oppositely, and a generatrix of the first-stage powder feeding hole 501 is tangent to an inner wall of a first-stage powder feeding annular groove 502 connected with the first-stage powder feeding hole; the number of the second-section powder feeding holes 301 is 6, the second-section powder feeding holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction at intervals, and the generatrix of each second-section powder feeding hole 301 is tangent to the inner wall of the second-section powder feeding annular groove 302 connected with the generatrix. By the design, the powder carrier gas 8 can be distributed in the first and second powder feeding annular grooves uniformly, so that the powder and the carrier gas are uniformly and continuously injected into the powder feeding annular slit along the circumferential direction, and the powder is continuously and uniformly fed into the plasma jet from the powder feeding annular slit.
As shown in fig. 4, according to the requirement of the actual working condition during spraying, N2 and Ar are selected as powder carrier gas, N2, Ar, He and Air are selected as focusing gas, the powder carrier gas 8 enters from two first-stage powder feeding pipes 501 arranged oppositely on the annular end cover, and sequentially passes through the first-stage powder feeding annular groove 502, the second-stage powder feeding pipe 301, the second-stage powder feeding annular groove 303 and the powder feeding annular slit 303, and the powder 10 is continuously and uniformly fed into the plasma jet 12 along the circumferential direction. The focused gas 9 enters from two first section focused gas inlet holes 503 which are oppositely arranged on the annular end cover, sequentially passes through a first section focused gas annular groove 504, a second section focused gas inlet hole 401, a second section focused gas annular groove 402, a first section focused gas annular slit 403 and a second section focused gas annular slit 404 to form a conical focused gas ring 11 with certain speed and rigidity, and uniformly and continuously surrounds the plasma jet 12.
When spraying is performed, the parameters are selected as follows.
Plasma forming gas N2 flow: 100-250L/min.
Pressure of plasma forming gas N2: 0.8-2.5 MPa.
Working current: 150-.
Working voltage: 200-450V.
Powder feeding amount: 150-250 g/min.
Powder carrier gas N2 flow: 8-30L/min.
Powder carrier gas N2 pressure: 0.5-1.2 MPa.
Flow rate of focusing gas N2: 50-150L/min.
Focusing gas N2 pressure: 0.5-2.5 MPa.
Spraying distance: 100-.
The annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying provided by the invention has the following advantages.
(1) The structure is simple, the nozzle is cooled by using focusing gas, a water cooling device is not required to be additionally arranged, and the installation, the disassembly and the inspection are convenient.
(2) The powder is fed at the tail end of the anode, the arc discharge characteristic is not influenced, the length of the nozzle is short, and the spraying material is not easy to adhere to the pore channel of the nozzle.
(3) The powder can be circumferentially, continuously and uniformly fed into the plasma jet, the powder is uniformly heated, the powder feeding efficiency and the heating efficiency are high, the concentration of the powder in a jet paraxial region is high, the jet flow disturbance is small, and the coating quality is good.
(4) The powder is prevented from escaping from the jet flow outside the spray gun, the deposition efficiency is improved, the over-spraying is avoided, and the stability of the coating is improved.
Claims (10)
1. An annular powder feed and gas focusing apparatus for supersonic plasma spraying, comprising: the device comprises a cylindrical anode 1, an anode sleeve 2, a powder feeding ring 3, a gas focusing ring 4, an annular end cover 5 and a nozzle 6; the device is characterized in that the centers of the cylindrical anode 1, the anode sleeve 2, the powder feeding ring 3, the gas focusing ring 4, the annular end cover 5 and the nozzle 6 are coaxial and form a main shaft central line 101; the cylindrical anode 1 and the anode sleeve 2 are fixedly connected through threads at the front ends; a powder feeding ring 3 and a gas focusing ring 4 are sequentially arranged behind the anode sleeve 2 and are in compression connection with the anode sleeve 2 through threads between an annular end cover 5 and the anode sleeve; the material of the nozzle 6 is tungsten or graphite; the outer circumferential surface of the nozzle 6 is fixedly embedded with the axial central hole of the powder feeding ring 3; the cylindrical anode 1, the anode sleeve 2, the powder feeding ring 3, the gas focusing ring 4 and the annular end cover 5 are sealed by an O-shaped sealing ring 7; a first section of powder feeding hole 501 and a first section of focusing gas inlet hole 503 are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the annular end cover 5, and a first section of powder feeding annular groove 502 and a first section of focusing gas annular groove 504 are arranged on the inner circumferential surface; a second section of powder feeding hole 301 is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the powder feeding ring 3, and a second section of powder feeding annular groove 302 is formed in the inner circumferential surface; a second section of focused gas inlet hole 401 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the gas focusing ring 4, and a second section of focused gas annular groove 402 is arranged on the inner circumferential surface; the front end face of the axial central hole of the powder feeding ring 3 and the front end face of the nozzle 6 are in a coplanar surface and are parallel to the rear end face of the cylindrical anode 1, and a powder feeding annular slit 303 with the distance of L3 is formed; the front conical surface of the gas focusing ring 4 and the rear conical surface of the powder feeding ring 3 form a first section of focusing gas annular slit 403; the conical inner wall of the axial central hole of the gas focusing ring 4 is parallel to the outer conical surface of the nozzle 6, and a second section of focusing gas annular slit 404 with the interval of L4 is formed; the first-section powder feeding hole 501 is communicated with the powder feeding annular slit 303 sequentially through a first-section powder feeding annular groove 502, a second-section powder feeding hole 301 and a second-section powder feeding annular groove 302; the first section of focused gas inlet hole 503 is communicated with the second section of focused gas annular slit 404 sequentially through a first section of focused gas annular groove 504, a second section of focused gas inlet hole 401, a second section of focused gas annular groove 402 and a first section of focused gas annular slit 403; the rear conical surface of the cylindrical anode 1 forms an acute angle alpha with the central line 101; the outer conical surface of the nozzle 6 forms an acute angle beta with the center line 101; the length of the pore passage of the nozzle 6 is L1; the wall thickness at the end of the nozzle 6 is L2.
2. The annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein: the length L1 of the pore passage of the nozzle 6 is 20-50 mm.
3. The annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein: the wall thickness L2 at the tail end of the nozzle 6 is 2-5 mm.
4. The annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein: the distance L3 between the powder feeding annular slits 303 is 1-2 mm.
5. The annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein: the distance L4 between the second section of the focusing gas annular slit 404 is 1-3 mm.
6. The annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein: the acute angle alpha is 15-85 degrees.
7. The annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein: the acute angle beta is 15-45 degrees.
8. The annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein: the first section powder feeding hole 501 and the first section focusing gas inlet hole 503 are respectively provided with two holes and are respectively arranged oppositely.
9. The annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein: and the generatrix of the powder feeding hole and the focusing gas inlet hole on the same part is tangent with the inner walls of the powder feeding annular groove and the focusing gas annular groove which are connected with the generatrix.
10. The annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein: the second section powder feeding hole 301 and the second section focusing gas inlet holes 401 are respectively provided with 4-6 holes and are respectively and uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction at intervals.
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| CN202110048810.4A CN112695268B (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | Annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying |
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| CN202110048810.4A CN112695268B (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | Annular powder feeding and gas focusing device for supersonic plasma spraying |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113677081A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-19 | 四川大学 | Reversed polarity plasma spraying gun for ultra-low pressure plasma spraying |
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| CN113677081B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2022-06-03 | 四川大学 | Reversed polarity plasma spraying gun for ultra-low pressure plasma spraying |
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| CN115505864B (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2023-12-29 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | Small-size axial powder feeding inner hole plasma spraying gun |
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