CN207050955U - Non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measurement apparatus - Google Patents

Non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measurement apparatus Download PDF

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CN207050955U
CN207050955U CN201720629924.7U CN201720629924U CN207050955U CN 207050955 U CN207050955 U CN 207050955U CN 201720629924 U CN201720629924 U CN 201720629924U CN 207050955 U CN207050955 U CN 207050955U
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optical system
focal length
distance
coaxial optical
resolution
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闫博
梁小伟
纪茹
张小玲
王剑
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Xi'an North Electro-Optic Technology Defense Co Ltd
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Xi'an North Electro-Optic Technology Defense Co Ltd
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Abstract

It the utility model is related to a kind of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measurement apparatus, including at least light source, parallel light tube, curved mirror, decentered lens component, measuring microscope, light source is in the front end of parallel light tube, there are glass sieve plate or resolution chart to provide object space image planes at focal plane of lens between light source and parallel light tube, outlet side of the curved mirror in parallel light tube, the object space image planes of light source irradiation are emitted collimated light beam by parallel light tube, received by curved mirror, enter the measuring microscope of image space imaging surface by decentered lens component, reading and measurement are carried out using measuring microscope.The utility model can improve the quality of measurement non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution.And adjustment efficiency can be improved, mitigate the labor intensity of adjustment personnel.

Description

Non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measurement apparatus
Technical field
The utility model belongs to optical system measuring, is related to a kind of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution Measurement apparatus.
Background technology
The characterisitic parameter of optical system is the foundation as Optical Instrument Designing, proposes technical characteristic according to requirements It is required that so as to determine the scope of application of optical system.The characterisitic parameter of measurement optical system is not only to check and accept the quantization of product Index, examine it whether to reach the means of design requirement, and be also to find to be deposited from designing, be worked into assembling whole process The defects of and problem means.
Optical system is made up of some optical lenses, and optical lens is processed after processing and assembling is completed due to existing And rigging error.The focal length value of object lens after assembling final focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution and optical system initial design, after Certain difference be present in values of intercept and resolution value.In order to obtain objective focal length, rear cut-off distance and the accuracy of resolution, it is necessary to pin Characteristic after being assembled to object lens, propose a kind of focal length for meeting its characteristic, rear cut-off distance and resolution measuring method.
Classics are added to by not coaxial (off-axis) lens, non-spherical lens and curved reflector (i.e. non-coaxial optical system) In Coaxial Spherical Optical System in geometric optics, presence always can not use focal length, rear cut-off distance and discriminating in geometric optics Rate measurement experiment method, is measured to the focal length of non-coaxial optical system, rear cut-off distance and resolution.Just with system-wide Show to measure diopter, parallax, visual field, and focal length, rear cut-off distance and the resolution of non-coaxial optical system can not be measured.It is any Focal length, rear cut-off distance and the resolution of microscope group (containing non-coaxial optical system) are (containing optics such as foregoing diopter, parallax, visual fields Performance parameter), be all the optical system important parameter, directly affect optical system image quality and assembling quality.If In the optical instrument assembling and production of non-coaxial optical system composition, non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance can not be realized With the measurement of resolution, the correctness of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measurement result can not be known, it will Cause to repair the uncertainty for the position for cutting non-coaxial optical system object space focal plane, and the quality of image quality.Cause to repeat Assemble and disassemble and repair and cut, it is time-consuming, or even scrap the phenomenon of metal working part.
Non-coaxial optical system can not focal length measurement, rear cut-off distance and the reason for resolution:
1st, decentered lens component is placed on optical bench, the object lens of its front end and parallel light tube are relative two-by-two, inclined Measuring microscope is placed at the object space focal plane of axle Lens assembly, can not be received in glass sieve plate in parallel light tube focal plane of lens The image planes of (the high y of thing) graticle.Therefore the focal length and rear cut-off distance of non-coaxial optical system can not be measured;If it is changed to resolution chart graduation Plate, the resolution of non-coaxial optical system can not also measure.
2nd, by the focal length formula of two combination computation of optical components in geometric optics
In formula:F ' --- combined objective focal length;f′1--- first group of objective focal length f '2--- second group of objective focal length; The distance between d --- first group of object lens image space principal point and second group of object lens image space principal point.
Obtained by above-mentioned analysis:The emergent ray of decentered lens group in non-coaxial optical system is not parallel rays, It is to be converging or diverging with.The parallel rays sent by the parallel light tube on optical bench can not be received, is unsatisfactory for optical system focal length Definition, the measuring condition of focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution is invalid, thus can not measure non-coaxial optical system focal length, after Intercept and resolution.
Obtained by formula 1, by the focal length f ' of decentered lens component1With the focal length f ' of the object lens of parallel light tube2, and both The distance between d constitute new optical system.Measurement result is not the focal length and rear cut-off distance of decentered lens component to be measured.Then survey Amount result is even more untrue and mistake.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measurement apparatus, To improve measurement non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and the quality of resolution.Reach and improve adjustment efficiency, mitigate adjustment The labor intensity of personnel, improve operating efficiency and the purpose increased economic efficiency.
What the purpose of this utility model was realized in, a kind of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution are surveyed Device is measured, it is characterized in that:Including at least light source, parallel light tube, curved mirror, decentered lens component, measuring microscope, light source is flat The front end of row light pipe, there are at the focal plane of lens between light source and parallel light tube glass sieve plate or resolution chart to provide object space picture Face, curved mirror parallel light tube outlet side, light source irradiation object space image planes by parallel light tube be emitted collimated light beam, by curved surface Mirror is received, and the measuring microscope of image space imaging surface is entered by decentered lens component.
Described curved mirror and decentered lens component constitutes non-coaxial optical system, and is fixed on light by clamping tooling Have on seat platform.
Described measuring microscope is fixed on regulation lifting platform.
Described regulation lifting platform includes lift adjustment mechanism, two-dimentional straight line fine motion adjustment platform and two dimension angular measurement of micromovements Platform, lift adjustment mechanism, two dimension angular measurement of micromovements platform and two-dimentional straight line fine motion adjustment platform structure are successively sequentially from bottom to up in height It is overlapped and is fixedly connected on degree, output image planes axis height of the superposition height less than parallel light tube.
The two-dimentional straight line fine motion that described measuring microscope is fixed on regulation lifting platform by fixed seat is adjusted on platform.
The clamping tooling has two faces and a base, and one is inclined-plane in two faces, and one is vertical plane, inclined-plane position Slope inwardly above vertical plane, vertical plane is fixed on base, and inclined-plane is used to fix non-coaxial optical system, and vertical plane plays height The supporting of degree.
The utility model has the advantages that:
By designing and making measuring microscope, two-dimentional straight line fine motion adjusts platform, two dimension angular adjusts platform, rising-falling tone complete machine The two-dimension adjustment measurement apparatus of structure composition, design and making non-coaxial optical system clamping tooling and the parallel light tube on optical bench Form focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measuring system.Recycle two-dimension adjustment measurement apparatus quickly and easily aobvious in measurement Read in micro mirror and non-coaxial optical system imaging (image height is passed through by glass sieve plate (the high y of thing) on parallel light tube focal plane Y '), using the magnifying power method in optical system classics focal-length measurement method, non-coaxial optical system is obtained by calculation formula Focal length and rear cut-off distance.Then resolution graticle is changed, then carries out the measurement of non-coaxial optical system resolution.Reach measurement number According to it is accurate and reliable, meet the technical requirements of inspection specification.Adjustment efficiency is improved, mitigates the labor intensity of adjustment personnel, carries High workload efficiency and the purpose increased economic efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
The utility model is further illustrated with reference to embodiment accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measuring system figure;
Fig. 2 is non-coaxial optical system focometry regulation platform schematic diagram;
The clamping tooling of Fig. 3 non-coaxial optical systems;
Fig. 4 magnifying power method focal length measurement schematic diagrams;
Fig. 5 resolution focal length measurement schematic diagrams.
In figure, 1, light source;2nd, parallel light tube;3rd, curved mirror;4th, decentered lens component;5th, measuring microscope;6th, it is not coaxial Optical system;7th, glass sieve plate;8th, lifting platform is adjusted;9th, object lens to be measured;10th, resolution chart;11st, clamping tooling.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measurement apparatus, including at least light source 1st, parallel light tube 2, curved mirror 3, decentered lens component 4, measuring microscope 5, light source 1 in the front end of parallel light tube, in light source and There are glass sieve plate 7 or resolution chart 10 to provide object space image planes at focal plane of lens between parallel light tube, curved mirror is in parallel light tube Outlet side, light source irradiation object space image planes by parallel light tube be emitted collimated light beam, received by curved mirror, by decentered lens Component 4 enters the measuring microscope 5 of image space imaging surface, and reading and measurement are carried out using the eyepiece 502 of measuring microscope 5.
Described curved mirror and decentered lens component constitutes non-coaxial optical system 6, and is fixed by clamping tooling 11 On optical bench platform.Decentered lens component and optical bench platform belong to prior art in the industry, do not illustrate excessively at this.
As shown in Fig. 2 described regulation lifting platform 8 includes lift adjustment mechanism 801, two-dimentional straight line fine motion adjustment platform 802 With two dimension angular measurement of micromovements platform 803, lift adjustment mechanism 801, two dimension angular measurement of micromovements platform 803 and two-dimentional straight line fine motion are adjusted Whole 802 structures are sequentially overlapped are fixedly connected successively in height from bottom to up, and superposition height is less than the output of parallel light tube Image planes axis height, it is easy to adjust the contour of measuring microscope optical axis and non-coaxial optical system optical axis.Lift adjustment mechanism is Prior art, just it is not described in detail here.
The two-dimentional straight line fine motion that described measuring microscope is fixed on regulation lifting platform by fixed seat is adjusted on platform.
As shown in figure 3, the clamping tooling has two faces and a base, one is inclined-plane 110 in two faces, and one is Vertical plane 111, inclined-plane, which is located above vertical plane, to slope inwardly, and vertical plane is fixed on base 112, and inclined-plane is not coaxial for fixing Optical system, vertical plane play the supporting of height.
One kind measurement non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution method, comprise the following steps:
1), formed not altogether according to the technical requirements of optical system diagram and assembly technology assembling curved mirror, decentered lens component Axle optical system;
2), non-coaxial optical system is placed on optical bench platform by clamping tooling;
3), measuring microscope is fixed on regulation lifting platform;
4) parallel light tube, is fixed by optical bench platform;
5) the curved mirror opening in non-coaxial optical system, is made towards the optical axis direction of parallel light tube object lens;
6), it is the optical axis of non-coaxial optical system by the reception optical axis of the emergent light axis of parallel light tube and curved mirror opening surface It is contour in one plane;
7), resolution graticle is accurately adjusted at the object space focal plane of parallel light tube, and puts bright light source;
8) measuring microscope, is adjusted into platform with two-dimentional straight line fine motion by fixed seat to be connected;Two two-dimentional straight line fine motions are adjusted Whole forms X and Y-direction fine motion adjustment;Two-dimentional straight line fine motion adjustment platform is fixed on above two dimension angular measurement of micromovements platform;Two Two dimension angular measurement of micromovements platform realizes X and Y-direction angle micro-positioning regulators;It is rising-falling tone below two dimension angular measurement of micromovements platform Complete machine structure;
9) high and low position of lift adjustment mechanism, is adjusted, and rotates two dimension angular measurement of micromovements platform simultaneously, makes measurement micro- The optical axis of mirror is coaxial with the optical axis of non-coaxial optical system to be measured;
10) eyepiece for, adjusting measuring microscope sees graticle and no parallax clearly, adjusts two-dimentional straight line fine motion adjustment platform, obtains The light that resolution is sent in parallel light tube object space focal plane is taken, it is burnt flat to be imaged on its object space by curved mirror, decentered lens component The picture point in face;
11) two-dimentional straight line fine motion adjustment platform, is adjusted, make resolution is poorly imaged on measuring microscope as clearly ignoring On graticle, according to resolution measuring method, the resolution of non-coaxial optical system is measured;
12) glass sieve plate, is changed at parallel light tube focal plane of lens, two-dimentional straight line fine motion adjustment platform is adjusted, makes glass sieve plate Picture clearly ignore and be poorly imaged on the graticle of measuring microscope, the microscopical micrometer handwheel of rotation measuring, to one group of quarter Line carries out line ball reading, and is denoted as A, and the other end of mobile micrometer handwheel to this group of groove carries out line ball reading and is denoted as B;Pass through Y '=A-B obtains image height y ';Using the magnifying power method in Focal Length of Optical method, to the focal length of non-coaxial optical system Measure;
13) reading, is carried out to the division line value on optical bench guide rail, along with the groove on two-dimentional straight line fine motion adjustment platform C is worth to, a mark is done on the last a piece of lens of decentered lens component, two-dimentional straight line fine motion is adjusted into the measurement on platform shows Micro mirror moves to the last a piece of lens direction of decentered lens component, makes the clear no parallax of picture of the mark on last a piece of lens Ground is imaged on the graticle of measuring microscope, reading is carried out to the division line value on optical bench guide rail again, along with two dimension Groove on straight line fine motion adjustment platform is worth to D, passes through lf'=C-D obtains the rear cut-off distance of non-coaxial optical system.
1st, the focal length of optical system and rear cut-off distance measuring principle:
The focal length of optical system is that principal point arrives the distance between focus, and rear cut-off distance is focal point to objective lens finally a piece of lens The distance between summit.Focal length is to determine the key property parameter of optical system image relation, and he can determine object through optics The characteristics such as position, size and the actual situation of system imaging.Practical focal plane refers under white-light illuminating that unlimited far object is through lens Full aperture imaging is most clear, and perpendicular to the plane of optical axis.Because principal point and focus are the insubstantial point in space, then optics The focal length of system can not be accurately obtained with vertex focal length by direct measurement.Surveyed by the optical system image relation related to focal length Correlative is measured, is obtained indirectly by calculation formula.
As shown in Figure 4, common Focal Length of Optical method is magnifying power method and precision angle method.
The principle of magnifying power method focal length measurement is that the image height y ' based on optical system is equal to optical system with the high y ratios of thing Focal length f ' and measurement standard instrument (parallel light tube) focal length f '0Ratio.
In formula:F ' is the focal length of optical system to be measured;Y ' is image height;Y is that thing is high;f′0For the focal length of parallel light tube.
Glass sieve plate 7 is placed in parallel light tube focal plane, glass sieve plate 7 is several groups of the known spacing delineated on plate glass Parallel division line is to as the high y of measurement standard thing.Its image space focal plane is imaged on by object lens 9 to be measured, is surveyed with measuring microscope The spacing and image height y ' of parallel a certain group of division line are measured, byIt is calculated.
Due to the object lens 501 of measuring microscope 5 that in focometry, use by the spacing of a certain group of parallel division line and The amplifications of image height y ' again, therefore the measure equation of optical system focal length needs the enlargement ratio β into micro objective and measurement The pitch k of the micrometer leading screw of eyepiece 502 of microscope 5, then the focometry formula of optical system be
In formula:F ' is the focal length of optical system to be measured;Y ' is image height;Y is that thing is high;f′0For the focal length of parallel light tube.β is The enlargement ratio of micro objective 501;K is the inverse of the pitch of micro eyepiece micrometer leading screw.
The measuring method of rear cut-off distance be by measurement objective lens focus position measuring microscope position, from objective lens Focal position is moved to objective lens finally the distance between a piece of lens apex.
Precision angle method does not apply to non-coaxial optical system, and measuring principle is omitted.
2nd, the resolution measuring principle of optical system:
The resolution of optical system refers to the ability that object detail can be distinguished or differentiated to optical system.Resolution is one Numerical value, measurement are easier to, and can reach quantitative analysis to the image quality of optical system.
As shown in Figure 5, the object point of object space unlimited distance two that the resolution of telescopic system represents to differentiate enters to telescopic system The subtended angle of pupil centre is penetrated, is represented with α.The resolution chart 10 made with grid-like pattern, in order to adapt to different optical instruments Detection to resolution, different comb mesh patterns is formed according to the size of grid distance in resolution pattern, with what can be differentiated It is standard that the lines of one group of grid are simultaneously clear in four direction imaging, by searching grid resolution pattern conversion table, is obtained The resolution of the optical system.
It can also be passed through by measuring the resolution pattern in the parallel light tube object space focal plane on optical benchIt is calculated.
In formula:α is the resolution of optical system to be measured;2b is the width of corresponding n-th group lines;f′0For parallel light tube Focal length, 206265 be line value and the conversion constant of angle second.
Because current non-coaxial optical system belongs to scientific research and advanced development, product quantity is less, to the mistake of measurement data Difference is analysed and the evaluation of uncertainty of measurement, has some limitations.But in existing finished product, substantial amounts of survey is carried out Amount, obtained measurement data and error analysis can meet the technical requirements of non-coaxial optical system focal length, measurement apparatus, measurement Method and measurement result are reliably true.Efficiency is improved, reduces labor intensity, ensure that product adjustment and quality.
The part and the well-known components and common structure of the structure category industry or conventional hand that the present embodiment does not describe in detail Section, is not described one by one here.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measurement apparatus, it is characterized in that:Including at least light source, put down Row light pipe, curved mirror, decentered lens component, measuring microscope, light source in the front end of parallel light tube, light source and parallel light tube it Between focal plane of lens at there is glass sieve plate or resolution chart to provide object space image planes, curved mirror is in the outlet side of parallel light tube, light source The object space image planes of irradiation are emitted collimated light beam by parallel light tube, are received by curved mirror, enter image space by decentered lens component The measuring microscope of imaging surface.
2. a kind of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measurement apparatus according to claim 1, its feature It is:Described curved mirror and decentered lens component constitutes non-coaxial optical system, and is fixed on optical bench by clamping tooling On platform.
3. a kind of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measurement apparatus according to claim 1, its feature It is:Described measuring microscope is fixed on regulation lifting platform.
4. a kind of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measurement apparatus according to claim 3, its feature It is:Described regulation lifting platform includes lift adjustment mechanism, two-dimentional straight line fine motion adjustment platform and two dimension angular measurement of micromovements platform, rises Order is entered in height from bottom to up successively for drop adjustment mechanism, two dimension angular measurement of micromovements platform and two-dimentional straight line fine motion adjustment platform structure Row superposition is fixedly connected, output image planes axis height of the superposition height less than parallel light tube.
5. a kind of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measurement apparatus according to claim 4, its feature It is:The two-dimentional straight line fine motion that described measuring microscope is fixed on regulation lifting platform by fixed seat is adjusted on platform.
6. a kind of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution measurement apparatus according to claim 2, its feature It is:The clamping tooling has two faces and a base, and one is inclined-plane in two faces, and one is vertical plane, and inclined-plane is positioned at hanging down Face top directly to slope inwardly, vertical plane is fixed on base, and inclined-plane is used to fix non-coaxial optical system, and vertical plane plays height Supporting.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107036791A (en) * 2017-06-02 2017-08-11 西安北方光电科技防务有限公司 Measure the device and method of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution
CN109883653A (en) * 2019-01-10 2019-06-14 苏州端景光电仪器有限公司 A kind of static tester and method of self-focusing lens optics rear cut-off distance

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107036791A (en) * 2017-06-02 2017-08-11 西安北方光电科技防务有限公司 Measure the device and method of non-coaxial optical system focal length, rear cut-off distance and resolution
CN107036791B (en) * 2017-06-02 2024-02-09 西安北方光电科技防务有限公司 Device and method for measuring focal length, back intercept and discrimination of different coaxial optical system
CN109883653A (en) * 2019-01-10 2019-06-14 苏州端景光电仪器有限公司 A kind of static tester and method of self-focusing lens optics rear cut-off distance

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