CN207009561U - A kind of hydrogen fuel cell system based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing - Google Patents

A kind of hydrogen fuel cell system based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing Download PDF

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CN207009561U
CN207009561U CN201720848774.9U CN201720848774U CN207009561U CN 207009561 U CN207009561 U CN 207009561U CN 201720848774 U CN201720848774 U CN 201720848774U CN 207009561 U CN207009561 U CN 207009561U
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hydrogen
fuel cell
photovoltaic
power
cell system
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王亚斌
李晓峰
史卫泽
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Beijing Xin Hong Kong Billion Technology Co Ltd
Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Xin Hong Kong Billion Technology Co Ltd
Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of hydrogen fuel cell system based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing.The utility model has three kinds of mode of operations according to light conditions, photovoltaic full power power generation mode is used when illumination is sufficient for the power consumption of load, photovoltaic battery matrix absorbs solar energy, meets load electricity consumption by photovoltaic generation, and remaining direct current is used for into hydrogen manufacturing and stored;When judging no light, using fuel cell power generation pattern, the hydrogen of storage is delivered to fuel cell power generation supply load;When light conditions are insufficient for the power consumption of load, using cogeneration pattern, photovoltaic battery matrix is delivered to fuel cell power generation by photovoltaic generation, while by the hydrogen of storage, is commonly fed load;So as to ensure that the continuity of system power supply;The utility model operating cost is low, does not pollute, and can play the generating capacity of photovoltaic system to greatest extent.

Description

A kind of hydrogen fuel cell system based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing
Technical field
It the utility model is related to hydrogen fuel cell generation technology, and in particular to a kind of hydrogen combustion based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing Expect battery system.
Background technology
Fuel cell is the 4th generation generation technology after thermoelectricity, water power and nuclear power, it be uniquely have both it is pollution-free, high Efficiency, it is applicable wide, noiseless and the power set with continuous work and modularization feature, it is considered to be most there is development 21 century The High Efficiency Low Pollution Power Generation Technology of prospect.By the source of fuel, fuel cell can be divided into three classes again.The first kind is direct-type fuel electricity Hydrogen or light alcohols are directly used in pond, i.e. its fuel;Second class is indirect type fuel cell, and its fuel is not directly to use hydrogen, but Light alcohol, natural gas, gasoline compound are transformed into after hydrogen (or mixture of hydrogen) again by some way (such as reforming) Supply fuel cell power generation;3rd class is regenerative fuel cell, and it refers to the water that fuel cell reaction is generated, by electrolysis Hydrogen and oxygen are resolved into, then hydrogen and oxygen are inputted into fuel cell power generation.As one kind of fuel cell, hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell (Hydrogen-Oxygen Fuel Cell) makees reducing agent by fuel of hydrogen, and oxygen makees oxidant, anti-by the burning of fuel Should, chemical energy is changed into the battery of electric energy, it is identical with the operation principle of galvanic cell.
As shown in figure 1, when hydrogen fuel cell works, oxygen is supplied to anode supply hydrogen, while to negative electrode.Hydrogen H2、 Oxygen O2Under catalyst action on electrode, water H is generated by electrolyte2O, now there is that excess electron is negatively charged on hydrogen electrode, Due to lacking electronics e on oxygen electrode-And positively charged, form hydrogen ion H+.After connecting circuit, this is similar to the reaction of burning Journey is with regard to that can be carried out continuously.It has following features:Product is water, clean environment firendly;Easily persistently lead to hydrogen and oxygen, produce and continue Electric current;Energy conversion rate is higher;It is few to discharge discarded object;Noise is low.Therefore, hydrogen fuel cell is in recent years by the extensive pass of people Note.
The research contents of the Patents of hydrogen fuel cell is set substantially around the structure of fuel cell both at home and abroad at present Meter, electrode material, reaction unit, electrolyte compositional optimization and the manufacture of hydrogen and stocking system etc..
By the development of more than two decades, external photovoltaic technology has huge advance, and solar cell Performance And Reliability has Large increase, cost and sale price constantly reduce, and application expands year by year, and market develops rapidly, and industrialization has reached scale Change automatic phase.The continuous reduction of solar energy power generating cost, is advantageous to the development of low-price electricity hydrogen manufacturing.A large amount of cheap lifes It is the key for realizing hydrogen utilization to produce hydrogen.
Superiority based on Hydrogen Energy in itself, in recent years, international community is more and more high to the cry for developing Hydrogen Energy.Modern science The progress of technology, particularly hydrogen manufacturing, the raising of hydrogen storage technology, the utilization for making Hydrogen Energy have not been the imagination of scientists, but respectively Project of the state all in positive planning and implementation.Such as:Libya plans to build a 5MW solar power generation in Sahara Desert Factory and a 4MW device for preparing hydrogen, carry out hydrogen utilization extensively.Hydrogen Energy is important content in the new sunlight program of Japan, They plan at sea to build university's buoyant raft, solar photovoltaic power plant are built thereon, for water electrolysis hydrogen production.
Development of China's photovoltaic power generation technology by " six or five " to " 95 " four five-year plans, its key technology with Aggregate level is all obviously improved, and has started to form industry.At present, the production capacity of domestic photocell silicon chip reaches 4.5MW. In the anhydrous Wu electricity counties in 1, Tibet, photoelectricity station has all been built up, wherein prominent 100KW.In addition, the light of multikilowatt Photovoltaic generating system is playing more and more big effect in terms of solving the power supply of oil, communication and frontier defense area without electric villages and small towns.
In Hydrogen Energy research and use aspects, China's the Implement of sustainable development strategy, actively promote clean including Hydrogen Energy The development and utilization in net energy source.In recent years, scientific research personnel is in the side such as hydrogen producing technology, hydrogen storage technology, hydrogen storage material and hydrogen utilization Face has carried out starting sex work, possesses the intellectual property in a collection of Hydrogen Energy field, low power consumption hydrogen producing technology has been reached the world advanced It is horizontal.The methods of water electrolysis hydrogen producing and biomass gasifying hydrogen making, scale is formed.Wherein, low-price electricity water electrolysis hydrogen production method It is main method prepared by current Hydrogen Energy scale, but is still further improved because power consumption is higher at present.From latest development angle Degree sees, such as use amberplex as diaphragm material, and it is simultaneous play electrolyte, while use tight structure formula electrolytic cell, Then water electrolysis hydrogen production energy consumption can substantially reduce, and realize 4.5kWh/Nm3H2It is entirely possible to.
Hydrogen storage technology is that hydrogen utilization moves towards practical, scale key.In recent years, China is in hydride hydrogen-storing Technical field achieves new progress again." 95 " national " 863 " high technology item that Zhejiang University's new material research is undertaken Have been developed that the new hydrogen bearing alloy of three classes, l.61wt%, l.8wt% and 2.1wt% its hydrogen storage ability is respectively.In addition, also set It is 700L and 4.0Nm to count and trial-produce capacity successfully3Portable hydrogen source model machine, available for lkW and 5kw proton exchange moulds fuel electricity Pond.Fuel cell generation is still to realize the applicable important channel of hydrogen.At present, China oneself develop hectowatt to multikilowatt matter Proton exchange film fuel cell, maximum battery power are 30kW.The progress of above-mentioned every Hydrogen Technology, to develop Hydrogen Energy application Create advantage.
The content of the invention
For the present situation of above hydrogen fuel cell, the utility model provides a kind of hydrogen fuel based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing Battery system, fuel cell substitute traditional batteries to store energy ring in photovoltaic generating system in a manner of solar hydrogen making energy storage Section, when sunshine is all right, is got up unnecessary electrical power storage by water electrolysis hydrogen production;Photovoltaic can not be made under sunlight conditions During electricity generation system normal work, the hydrogen of storage is converted into electric energy by fuel cell, continued to load power transmission, so as to ensure that The continuity of system power supply.
Hydrogen fuel cell system of the present utility model based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing includes:Photovoltaic battery matrix, light pass Sensor, power divider, fairing, hydrogen producer, hydrogen storage equipment, fuel cell, inverter and controller;Wherein, photovoltaic Optical sensor is set on battery array, and optical sensor is connected to controller;Power divider, hydrogen storage equipment and fuel cell also divide Controller is not connected to it;Photovoltaic battery matrix is connected to power divider;Power divider is respectively connecting to inverter and rectification Device;Inverter is connected to load;Fairing is connected to hydrogen producer;Hydrogen producer is connected to hydrogen storage equipment;Hydrogen storage equipment It is connected to fuel cell;Fuel cell is connected to inverter.
Optical sensor experiences the light conditions of sunshine, and is transferred to controller;Controller judges light according to light conditions The photovoltaic power generation quantity of battery array is lied prostrate, controller sets the threshold value of power divider, transmitted to power according to the power consumption of load Distributor;Photovoltaic power generation quantity compared with threshold value, is selected the mode of operation of hydrogen fuel cell system by controller, has three kinds Mode of operation:Photovoltaic full power power generation mode, fuel cell power generation pattern and cogeneration pattern;When controller judges illumination feelings When condition is sufficient for the power consumption of load, using photovoltaic full power power generation mode:Photovoltaic battery matrix absorbs solar energy, passes through light Volt generating converts solar energy into direct current, transmits to power divider;Power divider is according to threshold signal, by the use of load Direct current is transformed into exchange electricity output to loading by power energy allocation to inverter, inverter, is load supplying;Power divider will More than load power consumption DC power transmission to fairing;Direct current is changed into needed for hydrogen producer work by fairing Direct current, transmit to hydrogen producer;Hydrogen is delivered to hydrogen storage equipment by hydrogen producer by electrolysis water hydrogen making;Work as control When device processed judges no light, using fuel cell power generation pattern:Hydrogen is delivered to fuel cell by controller control hydrogen storage equipment; Fuel cell is using hydrogen as fuel, and using oxygen as oxidant, hydrogen is converted into electric energy, is transformed into alternating current by inverter, Transmit to the load of outside;When controller judges that light conditions are insufficient for the power consumption of load, using cogeneration mould Formula:Photovoltaic battery matrix absorbs solar energy, converts solar energy into direct current by photovoltaic generation, transmits to power divider; Direct current is transformed into exchange electricity output to load by whole DC power transmissions to inverter, inverter by power divider;Simultaneously Hydrogen storage equipment is delivered to fuel cell under the control of the controller, by hydrogen;Fuel cell is using hydrogen as fuel, using oxygen as oxygen Agent, electric energy is converted into by hydrogen, is transformed into alternating current by inverter, is transmitted to the load of outside.
Optical sensor uses sun optical sensor.
Fuel cell is hydrogen fuel cell.
The equipment that hydrogen producer uses various types of electrochemistry hydrogen manufacturing modes, such as:Industrially make on a large scale at present Water electrolyser or technically ripe ionic membrane method hydrogen manufacturing etc..
Hydrogen storage equipment uses common high-pressure hydrogen storing steel cylinder, or uses more advanced metal hydrogen storage device.
Further the utility model also includes charging machine, is arranged between hydrogen storage equipment and fuel cell, hydrogen storage equipment is led to Charging machine is crossed, hydrogen is filled to fuel cell.
The advantages of the utility model:
The utility model has three kinds of mode of operations according to light conditions, is used when illumination is sufficient for the power consumption of load Photovoltaic full power power generation mode, photovoltaic battery matrix absorb solar energy, meet load electricity consumption by photovoltaic generation, and will be remaining Direct current is used for hydrogen manufacturing and stored;When judging no light, using fuel cell power generation pattern, the hydrogen of storage is conveyed To fuel cell power generation supply load;When light conditions are insufficient for the power consumption of load, using cogeneration pattern, light Volt battery array is delivered to fuel cell power generation by photovoltaic generation, while by the hydrogen of storage, is commonly fed load;So as to protect The continuity of system power supply is demonstrate,proved.
1. energy storage density of the present utility model is high:Either high-pressure hydrogen storage or Metal hydrogen-storing, its energy density are remote high In battery.Through rough calculation, high-pressure hydrogen storage energy density is about 4 times of lead-acid battery, and Metal hydrogen-storing is about plumbic acid electricity 6 times of pond;
2. service life length of the present utility model:The storage of hydrogen does not have time restriction substantially, and lead-acid battery is as a long time Electric power storage, it is necessary to consider sulphation and self discharge problem;
3. maintenance period length of the present utility model:The maintenance workload of high-pressure hydrogen storage steel cylinder and Metal hydrogen-storing device is few, dimension The cycle is protected in terms of the several years;
4. the utility model operating cost is low, does not pollute, the generating capacity of photovoltaic system can be played to greatest extent.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of existing hydrogen fuel cell;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the hydrogen fuel cell system of the present utility model based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by specific embodiment, the utility model is expanded on further.
As shown in Fig. 2 the hydrogen fuel cell system based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing of the present embodiment includes:Photovoltaic cell side Battle array, optical sensor, power divider, fairing, hydrogen producer, hydrogen storage equipment, fuel cell, inverter and controller;Its In, optical sensor is set on photovoltaic battery matrix, and optical sensor is connected to controller;Power divider, hydrogen storage equipment and fuel Battery is also respectively connecting to controller;Photovoltaic battery matrix is connected to power divider;Power divider is respectively connecting to inversion Device and fairing;Inverter is connected to load;Fairing is connected to hydrogen producer;Hydrogen producer is connected to hydrogen storage equipment; Hydrogen storage equipment is connected to fuel cell;Fuel cell is connected to inverter.
The electricity-generating method of the hydrogen fuel cell system based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) optical sensor experiences the light conditions of sunshine, and is transferred to controller;
2) controller judges the photovoltaic power generation quantity of photovoltaic battery matrix according to light conditions;
3) power consumption of load is obtained by electric load real-time monitoring system, controller according to the power consumption of load, if Threshold value is put, is transmitted to power divider;
4) controller compares photovoltaic power generation quantity with the power consumption loaded, selects the Working mould of hydrogen fuel cell system Formula, hydrogen fuel cell system have three kinds of mode of operations:Photovoltaic full power power generation mode, fuel cell power generation pattern and joint hair Power mode;When controller judges that photovoltaic power generation quantity is sufficient for the power consumption of load, using photovoltaic full power power generation mode, enter Enter step a), when controller judges no light, or the electricity by being obtained on power divider judges, if on distributor There is no voltage, then when illustrating that photovoltaic battery matrix breaks down or battery array is connected fault with distributor and can not generated electricity, Using fuel cell power generation pattern, into step b), when controller judges that light conditions are insufficient for the power consumption of load, Using cogeneration pattern, into step c):
A) photovoltaic battery matrix absorbs solar energy, converts solar energy into direct current by photovoltaic generation, transmits to power Distributor;The power consumption of load is distributed to inverter, inverter direct current being transformed into exchange by power divider according to threshold value Electricity output is load supplying to loading;Power divider is by more than the DC power transmission of the power consumption of load to fairing;It is whole Direct current is changed into the direct current needed for hydrogen producer work by stream device, transmits to hydrogen producer;Hydrogen producer passes through electrolysis Water hydrogen making, hydrogen is delivered to hydrogen storage equipment;
B) power consumption that controller is loaded by judgement, the conveying capacity of hydrogen is controlled so that the generated energy of fuel cell is expired The power consumption loaded enough;Fuel cell is using hydrogen as fuel, using oxygen as oxidant, hydrogen is converted into electric energy, passes through inversion Device is transformed into alternating current, transmits to the load of outside;
C) photovoltaic battery matrix absorbs solar energy, converts solar energy into direct current by photovoltaic generation, transmits to power Distributor;For power divider by whole DC power transmissions to inverter, direct current is transformed into exchange electricity output to negative by inverter Carry;The photovoltaic power generation quantity that controller is exported by the power consumption and photovoltaic battery matrix that judge load simultaneously, controls the defeated of hydrogen The amount of sending so that the generated energy and photovoltaic power generation quantity of fuel cell meet the power consumption of load jointly;Hydrogen storage equipment is in controller Under control, hydrogen is delivered to fuel cell;Fuel cell, using oxygen as oxidant, hydrogen is converted into using hydrogen as fuel Electric energy, alternating current is transformed into by inverter, transmitted to the load of outside.
It is finally noted that the purpose for publicizing and implementing example is that help further understands the utility model, but originally The technical staff in field is appreciated that:Do not departing from the utility model and appended spirit and scope by the claims, it is various Substitutions and modifications are all possible.Therefore, the utility model should not be limited to embodiment disclosure of that, and the utility model will The scope of protection is asked to be defined by the scope that claims define.

Claims (7)

  1. A kind of 1. hydrogen fuel cell system based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing, it is characterised in that the hydrogen fuel cell system bag Include:Photovoltaic battery matrix, optical sensor, power divider, fairing, hydrogen producer, hydrogen storage equipment, fuel cell, inversion Device and controller;Wherein, optical sensor is set on the photovoltaic battery matrix, and optical sensor is connected to controller;The power Distributor, hydrogen storage equipment and fuel cell are also respectively connecting to controller;The photovoltaic battery matrix is connected to power divider; The power divider is respectively connecting to inverter and fairing;The inverter is connected to load;The fairing connects It is connected to hydrogen producer;The hydrogen producer is connected to hydrogen storage equipment;Store up the hydrogen storage equipment and be connected to fuel cell;The fuel electricity Pond is connected to inverter.
  2. 2. hydrogen fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the optical sensor uses sun light sensing Device.
  3. 3. hydrogen fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the fuel cell is hydrogen fuel cell.
  4. 4. hydrogen fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the hydrogen producer uses electrochemistry hydrogen manufacturing side The equipment of formula.
  5. 5. hydrogen fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the hydrogen storage equipment uses high-pressure hydrogen storing steel Bottle, or use metal hydrogen storage device.
  6. 6. hydrogen fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also set including charging machine, the charging machine Between hydrogen storage equipment and fuel cell.
  7. 7. hydrogen fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the hydrogen fuel cell system has three kinds of works Operation mode:Photovoltaic full power power generation mode, fuel cell power generation pattern and cogeneration pattern.
CN201720848774.9U 2017-07-13 2017-07-13 A kind of hydrogen fuel cell system based on photovoltaic hydrogen manufacturing Active CN207009561U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110571462A (en) * 2019-09-30 2019-12-13 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 Hydropower station direct current system based on hydrogen fuel cell
CN113994828A (en) * 2021-09-16 2022-02-01 深圳市光脉科技有限公司 Plant growth control equipment and method
WO2022217836A1 (en) * 2021-04-14 2022-10-20 西安航天动力研究所 Lunar base energy supply and application system based on technology of hydrogen production by means of water photolysis
CN115637455A (en) * 2021-11-26 2023-01-24 昆明理工大学 Proton exchange membrane PEM (proton exchange membrane) water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on solar power generation and energy supply

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110571462A (en) * 2019-09-30 2019-12-13 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 Hydropower station direct current system based on hydrogen fuel cell
CN110571462B (en) * 2019-09-30 2024-04-16 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 Hydropower station direct current system based on hydrogen fuel cell
WO2022217836A1 (en) * 2021-04-14 2022-10-20 西安航天动力研究所 Lunar base energy supply and application system based on technology of hydrogen production by means of water photolysis
CN113994828A (en) * 2021-09-16 2022-02-01 深圳市光脉科技有限公司 Plant growth control equipment and method
CN115637455A (en) * 2021-11-26 2023-01-24 昆明理工大学 Proton exchange membrane PEM (proton exchange membrane) water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on solar power generation and energy supply

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