CN206922720U - Terahertz harmonic mixer based on Schottky diode - Google Patents
Terahertz harmonic mixer based on Schottky diode Download PDFInfo
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- CN206922720U CN206922720U CN201720629487.9U CN201720629487U CN206922720U CN 206922720 U CN206922720 U CN 206922720U CN 201720629487 U CN201720629487 U CN 201720629487U CN 206922720 U CN206922720 U CN 206922720U
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Abstract
A kind of Terahertz harmonic mixer based on Schottky diode disclosed in the utility model, it is desirable to provide a kind of simple in construction, conversion loss is low, and the frequency mixer of down coversion reception can be carried out to terahertz signal.The utility model is achieved by following technical proposals：High waveguide is subtracted by the radio frequency input perpendicular to it radio frequency and direct current, sequentially pass through Schottky diode (3), local oscillator filter (4) is connected, local oscillator filter subtracts high waveguide (5) by the local oscillator input of the mixer waveguide cavity perpendicular to it, intermediate-frequency filter (6) in sequential series and intermediate frequency delivery outlet (7), reduce radio frequency and direct current because Schottky diode is asymmetric and caused by direct current signal, local oscillation signal carries out down coversion after local oscillator filter matches and produces intermediate-freuqncy signal in feed-in Schottky diode, the isolation radiofrequency signal of intermediate-frequency filter is exported by intermediate frequency delivery outlet.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is on that can be applied to image objects, environmental monitoring, medical diagnosis, radio astronomy, broadband
Mobile communication, safety inspection, anti-terrorism detection, near space communication/satellite communication and radar detection etc. and national economy and society
Develop a kind of Terahertz harmonic mixer based on Schottky diode in closely related field.
Background technology
Terahertz (THz) science and technology is the emerging cross discipline and study hotspot developed rapidly in the late two decades,
It is related to the multi-door science such as electromagnetism, photoelectronics, optics, semiconductor physics, material science, biology, medical science.Terahertz frequency range
0.1THz~10THz frequency ranges of electromagnetic spectrum are covered, are the wide-band for containing an abundant physical connotation electromagnetic radiation
Region, both ends connect microwave and millimeter wave and infrared visible ray respectively.In Terahertz frequency range, the local oscillator working frequency of frequency mixer is very
Height, while the difficulty for obtaining Terahertz local vibration source is also very big.In recent years, Terahertz Technology is as important field of research, in state
It is inside and outside to be subjected to more and more extensive concern.No matter THz wave is applied to which aspect and which frequency range, all be unable to do without
Reception to THz wave, for the most commonly used receiver based on superhet system, realize that frequency down conversion acts on
Frequency mixer be one of critical component, its index directly affects the performance of Terahertz reception system.The work(of mixing
Can be that signal frequency is changed into another value from a value, the circuit with this function is normally referred to as frequency mixer.
Frequency mixer can carry out down coversion or up-conversion, belong to one kind of frequency converter, and its effect is that the faint high frequency that will be received is penetrated
Frequency signal and the local oscillation frequency signal of input are added on nonlinear device together, it is produced mixed frequency signal, and output difference frequency is realized
Conversion from radio frequency to intermediate frequency, that is, the conversion that frequency is subtracted each other.Its most essential element of frequency mixer is non-linear element, reason
It is because non-linear element could cause frequency transformation, diode and transistor to be got over as the mixer-system of non-linear element
Come more universal.Diode is understood along with conversion loss as non-linear element in optical mixing process, although so, its structure
Simply, it is easy to integrate, noise is low, working stability, and dynamic range is big.The nonlinear interaction of diode is the pass for producing mixing effect
Key essence.When the big signal that frequency is LOf is added on diode, each order harmonic frequency signal of local oscillation signal will be produced,
When the less radio frequency f signals of amplitude are added on diode simultaneously, many new combination of frequencies, that is, LOf will be produced
With the combination of RFf each harmonic frequencies, on this basis, a circuit with frequency selectivity is recycled (usually to filter
Ripple device) frequency component is extracted.By selecting LOf and n values, n is the positive integer more than 1, with regard to required for obtaining us
Intermediate-freuqncy signal.It can realize that the frequency mixer of this frequency transformation is just referred to as nth harmonic frequency mixer.
2007, University of Electronic Science and Technology Li Kai have developed one using the coplanar ripple of suspension using anti-pair diodes
- microstrip structure is led, the 140GHz sub-harmonic mixers of mixing device, radiofrequency signal RF are used as using the DBES105a of UMS companies
With local oscillation signal LO respectively by WR7 and WR12 standard waveguide feed-ins, then by probe transitions to coplanar waveguide transmission line, pass through
Match circuit is loaded into anti-pair diodes.After intermediate-freuqncy signal IF is produced by diode pair, by local oscillator intermediate frequency duplex
Mid-frequency low-pass wave filter exports.But in conversion process redistributing along with signal energy, it is low to result in intermediate-freuqncy signal amplitude
In radio frequency signal amplitude, it is possible that conversion gain when mixing device is three terminal device.Optical mixing process can produce noise simultaneously
Superposition in the output signal, shows as output signal-to-noise ratio variation.The upper side band and lower sideband signal of frequency mixer.Dynamic range is mixed
The input signal power scope of frequency device energy normal work.The lower limit of frequency mixer dynamic range is decided by that the equivalent inpnt of frequency mixer is made an uproar
Acoustical power.Dynamic range headroom is decided by input power corresponding to the saturation state of frequency mixer.Interport isolation frequency mixer is becoming
While frequency, signals leakiness can be also produced.The index for characterizing the signals leakiness order of severity is the isolation between port.Frequency mixer every
From in degree index it is important be local oscillator-radiofrequency signal interport isolation, radiofrequency signal-intermediate frequency port isolation, local oscillator-in
Frequency interport isolation and radiofrequency signal-local oscillator interport isolation.Because frequency mixer works in 118GHz frequency ranges, circuit performance is to chi
Very little change is sensitive, so circuit structure makes every effort to simple and compact, is easy to process and assembles, and reduces as far as possible due to circuit structure sheet
Unnecessary loss caused by body and process and assemble error.
In nearly all Terahertz Technology application system, Terahertz receiving front-end is the most crucial technology of system, it
Complete the frequency transformation of terahertz signal.Terahertz sub-harmonic mixer is the critical component of Terahertz receiving front-end.In solid-state
In the system such as Terahertz radar and the THz wave communication technology, due to lacking low-noise amplifier, frequency mixer just becomes terahertz
The hereby first order of receiver receiving terminal.Front-end devices of the Terahertz harmonic mixer as Terahertz system, are superheterodyne receptions
Critical component in machine, its index have been largely fixed the performance of whole reception system.At present, can in only several classes
Work in the frequency mixer of Terahertz frequency range, the Terahertz sub-harmonic mixer only based on planer schottky diode can work
In room temperature, without providing such as liquid helium with the harsh low temperature environment of realization.Schottky diode work operates in high temperature and low temperature ring
In border, and it can cover direct current to frequency ranges all 2THz, under the excitation of local oscillation power, the letter of diode mixing
Number there is suitable transmission line transmit and extraction useful signal.The characteristics of Schottky diode frequency mixer is to enable to entirely
The structure of frequency mixer is simple, and is easy to integrate, the stable working state of diode mixer, the function admirable of frequency mixer.This
It is crucial element in frequency mixer and frequency doubler that a little equipment, which are,.At present, it is main using point humorous based on Schottky diode
Wave mixing technology, due to being limited by Schottky diode self-characteristic, sub-harmonic mixer be limited primarily to 2 times and 4 times it is humorous
Wave mixing, and more the conversion loss of high reps harmonic mixing is then very big.Schottky diode frequency mixer maximum feature is need not
Run in low temperature environment, but it needs larger intrinsic power, and sensitivity is relatively low.In addition, with the rise of frequency, for
For Schottky diode frequency mixer, it is extremely difficult to make minimum waveguide component.Single tube is mixed:Only with two poles
Pipe carries out signal mixing, and the circuit structure of this frequency mixer is simple, due to only needing a diode, so the cost of frequency mixer
It is relatively low.But research shows:The shortcomings that very big be present in this frequency mixer:It is mixed isolation, noise coefficient and suppresses interference energy
Power is poor, and caused clutter component is more, and power dissipation is big, it is necessary to additional designs DC channel.Therefore, single tube mixing is suitable for requirement
In not high signal mixing.Frequency mixer output frequency have it is infinite multinomial, in order to extract the signal for wanting to obtain, it is necessary to by it
It is filtered out, so also to design match circuit and filter circuit when design frequency mixer.
If according to the harmonic component extracted, frequency mixer can be divided into two categories below:The first kind:Fundamental mixer.Fundamental wave
It is exactly first harmonic in fact.The most power output of fundamental mixer non-linear element is all concentrated on fundamental wave.Using fundamental wave
The most important shortcoming of fundamental wave is to need a high-power local oscillator, the output frequency base of local oscillator in frequency mixer
This is close to the frequency of signal, therefore the thus complexity and cost of increased system, particularly Terahertz field this
Shortcoming is more serious.In Terahertz receiver, fundamental mixer such as is used, then local oscillation signal source realizes that difficulty is larger, and uses
Harmonic mixing scheme, the manufacture difficulty in local oscillation signal source can be reduced.Second class:Harmonic mixer.The output frequency of frequency mixer
For the harmonic combinations of incoming frequency (radio frequency and local frequency), thus harmonic mixer is got, and most common of which is that even is humorous
Wave mixing device.The characteristics of maximum of even harmonic mixer is the frequency requirement for reducing local vibration source, reduces the cost of circuit, still
Its cost is conversion loss increase.If it has been segmented into again using different nonlinear devices, frequency mixer according to during mixing
Source and passive frequency mixer:1) active mixer.Active to refer to needing additionally to add direct current biasing, active mixer generally use is brilliant
Body pipe or FET etc. are used as nonlinear device.The advantages of active mixer is can to obtain conversion gain and its combination
Dry, 2) passive frequency mixer is under normal circumstances using planer schottky diode as non-linear element.By by technical merit institute
Limit, radio frequency and local oscillator input port transition are using adjustable short face form, simultaneously because lacking the anti-of planar package at that time
To parallel diode pair, it is mixed device and is connected to form loop by two single tube diodes and cavity wall, is formed reversely simultaneously with this
Union pair.If classified according to circuit structure to frequency mixer, frequency mixer has monofocal mixing again, and singly balanced is mixed, double
The diversified forms such as balanced mixing.The net conversion loss of nonlinear conductance is that mixing is intrinsic, typically useless group of frequency mixer output
Close caused by frequency component, that is, the net conversion loss of nonlinear conductance.The knot loss of diode core is reason caused by diode
Show by research:The non-linear junction resistance chi of diode, being only the mismatch loss for the parametric circuit for really causing frequency transformation is
The loss of signal energy caused by the mismatch of signal transmission line middle impedance；The transmission loss of circuit is due to actual
Transmission line and nonideal transmission line, inevitably presence loss used by circuit in.Frequency mixer has three ports:
RF signal input end mouth, local oscillation signal input port and medium frequency output end mouth.Signal can mutually go here and there between these three ports
Disturb, the size of the crosstalk of signal is generally characterized with interport isolation.Low noise, highly sensitive Terahertz receiver are played to pass
Important effect, the quality of its performance are related to the quality of whole Terahertz reception system service behaviour.In Terahertz receiver
In, frequency mixer serves the function that frequency spectrum is moved downwards, and radiofrequency signal that will be higher is transformed into relatively low by nonlinear device
Intermediate-freuqncy signal.
Utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is part in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of simple in construction, high sensitivity,
Working band is wide, and conversion loss is low, and the Terahertz harmonic mixer structure of down coversion reception can be carried out to terahertz signal.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present utility model can be achieved by the following technical programs, and one kind is based on Schottky diode
Terahertz harmonic mixer, including：Radio frequency input subtracts high waveguide (1) while provides DC channel and Terahertz radio frequency letter
The radio frequency and direct current on number ground ground (2), the Schottky diode (3) for the reverse parallel connection structure type being placed in mixer waveguide cavity
With local oscillator filter (4), it is characterised in that：Radio frequency and direct current (2) high waveguide (1) is subtracted by the radio frequency input perpendicular to it,
It is connected to sequentially pass through Schottky diode (3), local oscillator filter (4), local oscillator filter (4) passes through the frequency mixer ripple perpendicular to it
The local oscillator input of guide cavity body subtracts high waveguide (5), intermediate-frequency filter (6) in sequential series and intermediate frequency delivery outlet (7), with local oscillator filter
(4) the Dual input isolator composition harmonic mixing mode in the wave filter group, intermediate-frequency filter (6) in, is exported by intermediate frequency
The isolation radiofrequency signal of mouth (7) output intermediate-frequency filter (6).
The utility model has the advantages that compared to other Terahertz mixer architectures：
It is simple in construction.The utility model subtracts high waveguide (1) using radio frequency input while provides DC channel and Terahertz
The radio frequency and direct current on radiofrequency signal ground ground (2), the Schottky two for the reverse parallel connection structure type being placed in mixer waveguide cavity
Pole pipe (3), local oscillator filter (4) filter construction of compact, intermediate-frequency filter (6) and intermediate frequency delivery outlet (7) form humorous
Wave mixing mode, compared to other Terahertz fundamental mixer structure types, structure is more simple, reliable, more efficient, more surely
It is fixed.
High sensitivity, conversion loss are low.The utility model is inputted using low local frequency, by outside Terahertz radiofrequency signal
High waveguide (1) is subtracted by radio frequency input, (2) reduce caused because Schottky diode (3) is asymmetric through radio frequency and direct current
Direct current signal enters Schottky diode (3), lifts the receiving efficiency of terahertz signal, realizes the down coversion to terahertz signal
Output, with high sensitivity, stably.By carrying out subtracting height, required local oscillator input signals to radio frequency and local oscillator input waveguide
Frequency requirement it is lower, be also easier to realize.Ensure that main mould transmit, it is therefore prevented that signals between ports crosstalk, improve port every
From degree.The local oscillation signal of outside input is subtracted into high waveguide (5) by local oscillator input simultaneously, rear feed is matched through local oscillator filter (4)
Enter Schottky diode (3), be directly realized by the impedance matching with Schottky diode, ensure that Terahertz radiofrequency signal and local oscillator
Signal can enter Schottky diode as far as possible, and simplifying the structure of frequency mixer reduces harmonic signal transmission line loss, so as to
Reduce the conversion loss of Terahertz harmonic mixer.This is that existing Terahertz fundamental mixer is difficult to realize.This practicality is new
Type solves the problem for realizing that low noise, highly sensitive terahertz signal receive in engineer applied.
Down coversion reception can be carried out to terahertz signal.The utility model can freely adjust this in simulation modeling
Polarization filter (4) arrives the distance of Schottky diode (3), and local oscillator filter can be enable local oscillation signal and intermediate frequency is smoothly led to
Cross, isolate radiofrequency signal, improve matching of the local oscillation signal to Schottky diode (3).
The utility model is especially suitable for realizing that the radiofrequency signal of 0.1THz~0.5THz Terahertz frequency ranges exports.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural perspective of Terahertz harmonic mixer of the utility model based on Schottky diode.
In figure：The input of 1 radio frequency subtracts high waveguide, 2 radio frequencies and direct current, 3 local oscillator low pass filters, 4 local oscillator filters, 5 shake
Input subtracts high waveguide, 6 intermediate-frequency filters, 7 intermediate frequency delivery outlets.
Embodiment
Refering to Fig. 1.In embodiment described below, a kind of Terahertz harmonic mixer based on Schottky diode,
Including：Radio frequency input subtracts high waveguide (1) while with providing radio frequency and the direct current of DC channel and Terahertz radiofrequency signal ground
(2) Schottky diode (3), local oscillator filter (4), intermediate-frequency filter (6) and the intermediate frequency, being placed in mixer waveguide cavity are defeated
Export (7), local oscillator input subtracts high waveguide (5).Radio frequency and direct current (2) high waveguide (1) is subtracted by the radio frequency input perpendicular to it,
It is connected to sequentially pass through Schottky diode (3), local oscillator filter (4), local oscillator filter (4) passes through the frequency mixer ripple perpendicular to it
The local oscillator input of guide cavity body subtracts high waveguide (5), intermediate-frequency filter (6) in sequential series and intermediate frequency delivery outlet (7), is exported by intermediate frequency
The isolation radiofrequency signal of mouth (7) output intermediate-frequency filter (6).
Outside Terahertz radiofrequency signal subtracts high waveguide (1) by radio frequency input and enters Schottky diode (3), radio frequency and directly
Stream ground (2) with can providing DC channel and radiofrequency signal simultaneously, reduces caused because Schottky diode (3) is asymmetric
Influence of the direct current signal to circuit performance.Radio frequency input subtracts high waveguide (1) and uses low local frequency, and outside Terahertz radio frequency is believed
Number input radio frequency and direct current (2) to reduce Schottky diode (3) asymmetric and be sent into Schottky two after caused direct current signal
Pole pipe (3), down coversion is carried out to terahertz signal and exports the Terahertz radiofrequency signal to local oscillator filter (4), being externally received
Down coversion is carried out in the Schottky diode (3) with local oscillation signal and produces intermediate-freuqncy signal, while by the local oscillation signal of outside input
High waveguide (5) is subtracted by local oscillator input, the feed-in Schottky diode (3) after local oscillator filter (4) matching, directly and Schottky
Diode (3), impedance matching, radio frequency and local oscillator input waveguide are carried out subtracting height, by the Terahertz radio frequency being externally received believe
Number and local oscillation signal down coversion is carried out in the Schottky diode (3) and produces intermediate-freuqncy signal, intermediate-freuqncy signal is through intermediate-frequency filter (6)
After isolating radiofrequency signal, exported by intermediate frequency delivery outlet (7).
Radio frequency input subtract high waveguide (1) by the faint high frequency radio signals received and input local oscillation frequency signal together
It is added on those nonlinear devices and produces mixed frequency signal, the difference frequency of output realizes the conversion from radio frequency to intermediate frequency.
Specific implementation can use following steps：
(1), according to Terahertz circuit band requirement, it is determined that the size of input rectangular waveguide, selects suitable dielectric substrate
Broadband, the width for subtracting high waveguide is may thereby determine that, using microwave circuit CASE(Computer Aided Software Engineering), to local oscillator filter to two poles
Transmission characteristic design object needed for the size setting of distance and input waveguide-microstrip transition structure of pipe, passes through software
Optimized Program, so that it is determined that the parameter of input each unit.
(2) matching optimization, is carried out with IF interface position to output par, c, including intermediate-frequency filter, local oscillator.Utilize microwave
Circuit computer aids in software, and the size setting of distance and middle microstrip transmission line to wave filter to output waveguide is required
Transmission characteristic design object, by the Optimized Program of software, so that it is determined that the parameter of input each unit.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of Terahertz harmonic mixer based on Schottky diode, including：Radio frequency input subtracts high waveguide (1) while carried
For DC channel and Terahertz radiofrequency signal ground radio frequency and direct current (2), be placed in mixer waveguide cavity it is reverse simultaneously
Join the Schottky diode (3) and local oscillator filter (4) of structure type, it is characterised in that：Radio frequency and direct current (2) by vertical
Subtract high waveguide (1) in its radio frequency input, sequentially pass through Schottky diode (3), local oscillator filter (4) is connected, local oscillator filtering
Device (4) subtracts high waveguide (5), intermediate-frequency filter (6) in sequential series by the local oscillator input of the mixer waveguide cavity perpendicular to it
With intermediate frequency delivery outlet (7), pass through the isolation radiofrequency signal of intermediate frequency delivery outlet (7) output intermediate-frequency filter (6).
2. the Terahertz harmonic mixer based on Schottky diode as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Radio frequency inputs
Subtract high waveguide (1) and use low local frequency, (2) reduce Schottky two by outside Terahertz radiofrequency signal input radio frequency and direct current
Pole pipe (3) is asymmetric and is sent into Schottky diode (3) after caused direct current signal, and down coversion output is carried out to terahertz signal
High waveguide (5) is subtracted by local oscillator input to local oscillator filter (4), while by the local oscillation signal of outside input, through local oscillator filter
(4) match after feed-in Schottky diode (3), directly with Schottky diode (3), impedance matching, it is defeated to radio frequency and local oscillator
Enter waveguide to carry out subtracting height, the Terahertz radiofrequency signal being externally received and local oscillation signal are carried out in Schottky diode (3)
Down coversion produces intermediate-freuqncy signal, and intermediate-freuqncy signal is exported after intermediate-frequency filter (6) isolates radiofrequency signal by intermediate frequency delivery outlet (7).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201720629487.9U CN206922720U (en) | 2017-06-01 | 2017-06-01 | Terahertz harmonic mixer based on Schottky diode |
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| CN201720629487.9U CN206922720U (en) | 2017-06-01 | 2017-06-01 | Terahertz harmonic mixer based on Schottky diode |
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| CN111030600A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-17 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Active bias terahertz harmonic mixer |
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| CN112332780A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-05 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Broadband low-frequency conversion loss terahertz frequency mixer |
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| CN109870831A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-11 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of direct modulator of containment portion loaded type adjustable metal line THz wave |
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| CN112332780A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-05 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Broadband low-frequency conversion loss terahertz frequency mixer |
| CN112803897A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 四川德骏智造科技有限公司 | Terahertz fundamental wave frequency mixing module |
| CN112803897B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-11-18 | 四川德骏智造科技有限公司 | Terahertz fundamental wave frequency mixing module |
| CN113098401A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Terahertz D-band fourth harmonic mixer |
| CN113098401B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-09-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Terahertz D-band fourth harmonic mixer |
| CN114123979B (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-03 | 电子科技大学 | Terahertz full-duplex common local oscillator solid-state front-end transmitting circuit |
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