CN104660171A - Improved sub-harmonic mixer based on coplanar waveguide transmission line - Google Patents
Improved sub-harmonic mixer based on coplanar waveguide transmission line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an improved sub-harmonic mixer based on a coplanar waveguide transmission line. The improved sub-harmonic mixer is characterized in that a dielectric substrate is arranged on the inner bottom surface of a main air chamber; a coupling probe, the coplanar waveguide transmission line, a local oscillator matching line and a micro-strip line structure are arranged on the dielectric substrate; the coplanar waveguide transmission line comprises a matching line, a first horizontal transmission line and a local oscillator low-pass filter matching line which are connected in sequence from left to right; the micro-strip line structure comprises a second horizontal transmission line, a third horizontal transmission line, a fourth horizontal transmission line and an intermediate-frequency low-pass filter matching line which are connected in sequence from left to right; the coplanar waveguide transmission line further comprises two grounding lines respectively positioned on the two sides of the matching line; the two grounding lines are connected with the inner wall of the main chamber. The improved sub-harmonic mixer further comprises planar Schottky anti-parallel mixer diodes, wherein an ohmic contact layer of one of the mixer diodes is connected with the front surface, far away from the dielectric substrate, of the matching line, and an ohmic contact layer of the other mixer diode is connected with the front surface, far away from the dielectric substrate, of the grounding line.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Terahertz Technology field, specifically refer to the sub-harmonic mixer of a kind of modified model based on coplanar waveguide transmission line.
Background technology
Be close in all Terahertz Technology application systems, Terahertz receiving front-end is most crucial technology in system, it has completed its frequency translation of terahertz signal.Terahertz sub-harmonic mixer is the critical component of Terahertz receiving front-end.At present, can work in the frequency mixer of Terahertz frequency range in only a few class, Terahertz sub-harmonic mixer only based on planer schottky diode can work in room temperature, and therefore sub-harmonic mixer has very consequence as frequency translation device in Terahertz application.In the prior art, sub-harmonic mixer fully contacts with upper cavity the ground connection realizing radio frequency and direct current by microstrip line at radio frequency transitioning end, which not only adds assembly difficulty and reduce circuit precision, and intermediate frequency and local oscillation signal can only realize virtual ground.Therefore a kind of modified model can effectively solve the problem based on the sub-harmonic mixer of coplanar waveguide transmission line.
Terahertz (THz) science and technology is an emerging cross discipline developing rapidly of recent two decades and study hotspot, relates to the multi-door science such as electromagnetism, optoelectronics, optics, semiconductor physics, material science, biology, medical science.Terahertz frequency range covers 0.1THz ~ 10THz frequency range of electromagnetic spectrum, is one and contains the wide-band electromagnetic radiation region of enriching physical connotation.It is the important member in electromagnetic spectrum family, between infrared waves and microwave, long-wave band and millimeter wave submillimeter wave coincide, short-wave band and infrared ray coincide, its basic theory, biology barrier are also connected with microwave, light wave two ambits and compatibility mutually, are comprehensive branch of learning branches last century Mo and the beginning of this century developing rapidly and formed.
THz ripple can be widely used in many fields, mainly comprises: radar detection, remote sensing and air and environmental monitoring, security monitoring and anti-terrorism, at a high speed high level security data communication and transmission, biotechnology and medical diagnosis etc. in real time.Terahertz science and technology has become very active front subject modern science and technology, national economy, national defense and military being had to material impact, provides a very tempting opportunity to technological innovation, the national economic development and national security.At present, countries and regions government, social organization, enterprise, university and the research institution such as the U.S., Europe, Asia, Australia has dropped among appreciable human and material resources and financial resources to the fundamental research and engineer applied technological development of Terahertz science and technology.
In recent years, Terahertz Technology, as important field of research, has at home and abroad been subjected to and has paid close attention to more and more widely.No matter THz wave is applied to which aspect and which frequency range, all be unable to do without the reception to THz wave, and for the receiver based on superhet system the most conventional, the frequency mixer realizing frequency down conversion effect is one of them critical component.At solid-state Terahertz radar with in the system such as to communicate, owing to lacking low noise amplifier, frequency mixer just becomes the first order of receiving terminal, and its index directly affects the performance of total system.Because same frequency range high performance local oscillator source realizes difficulty greatly, employing subharmonic mixing technology is the effective way of head it off.Can work in the frequency mixer of Terahertz frequency range in only a few class, the Terahertz sub-harmonic mixer only based on planer schottky diode can work in room temperature, without the need to providing if liquid helium etc. is to realize harsh low temperature environment.
Terahertz sub-harmonic mixer at present based on the GaAs Schottky diode of planar package mainly adopts the main flow circuit structure suspending micro-band, and passive circuit is made up of prevention at radio-frequency port transition, local oscillator low pass filter, local oscillator intermediate frequency duplexer (comprising the transition of local oscillator port and mid-frequency low-pass filter) two parts.Fully contact with upper cavity the ground connection realizing radio frequency and direct current by microstrip line at radio frequency transitioning end.Radio frequency and local oscillation signal are respectively from respective port feed-in, through being transitioned into the micro-band of suspension and being loaded on mixer diode after corresponding matching network, because local oscillation signal frequency is lower than prevention at radio-frequency port waveguide cutoff frequency, so local oscillation signal can not leak from prevention at radio-frequency port, and radiofrequency signal can not be leaked from local oscillator port due to the existence of local oscillator low pass filter (logical local frequency, resistance rf frequency), thus realize the isolation between these two ports; The intermediate-freuqncy signal that mixing produces is exported from local oscillator end by a Microstrip Low-Pass.
In existing technology, sub-harmonic mixer fully contacts with upper cavity the ground connection realizing radio frequency and direct current by microstrip line at radio frequency transitioning end, which not only adds assembly difficulty and reduce circuit precision, and intermediate frequency and local oscillation signal can only realize virtual ground.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of modified model based on the sub-harmonic mixer of coplanar waveguide transmission line, the present invention adopts coplanar waveguide transmission line, diode is directly ridden over cavity wall, thus realizes signal ground, and circuit structure is simply easy to assembling.
Implementation of the present invention is as follows: a kind of modified model is based on the sub-harmonic mixer of coplanar waveguide transmission line, comprise a primary air chamber, the inner bottom surface in primary air chamber is provided with medium substrate, medium substrate is provided with coupling probe, coplanar waveguide transmission line, local oscillator matched line, microstrip line construction, coplanar waveguide transmission line comprises the matched line from left to right connected successively, first lateral transport line, local oscillator low-pass filtering matched line, the right-hand member of coupling probe is connected with the left end of matched line, the right-hand member of local oscillator low-pass filtering matched line is connected with the left end of local oscillator matched line, microstrip line construction comprises the second lateral transport line from left to right connected successively, 3rd lateral transport line, 4th lateral transport line, mid-frequency low-pass filtering matched line, the left end of the second lateral transport line is connected with the right-hand member of local oscillator matched line, also comprise 2 first longitudinal transmission lines, a first longitudinal transmission line is connected between the first lateral transport line and matched line, another first longitudinal transmission line is connected between the first lateral transport line and local oscillator low-pass filtering matched line, the both sides of the first lateral transport line are also provided with the first branch road lateral transport line separately, 2 the first branch road lateral transport lines are arranged to axisymmetrical with the left and right of the first lateral transport line, 2 the first branch road lateral transport lines all pass through the longitudinal transmission line of the first branch road and are connected with the first lateral transport line, the left and right of 2 the first branch road lateral transport lines to two ends all bend sensing first lateral transport line, the length direction of the first lateral transport line is vertical with the length direction of first longitudinal transmission line, also comprise 2 " work " font transmission lines, " work " font transmission line comprises 2 transverse legs transmission lines parallel to each other and the longitudinal branch transmission line be connected between 2 transverse legs transmission lines is formed, longitudinal branch transmission line of one of them " work " font transmission line is connected between the second lateral transport line and the 3rd lateral transport line, and longitudinal branch transmission line of another " work " font transmission line is connected between the 3rd lateral transport line and the 4th lateral transport line, coplanar waveguide transmission line also comprises the earth connection that 2 lay respectively at matched line both sides, and 2 earth connections are all connected with the inwall in primary air chamber, also comprise planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode, planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode is the combining structure of 2 mixer diodes in parallel, the front of 2 mixer diodes is ohmic contact layer, the ohmic contact layer of one of them mixer diode is connected with the front of matched line away from medium substrate, and the ohmic contact layer of another one mixer diode is connected with the front of earth connection away from medium substrate, also comprise with the cross-coupled radio frequency input transition waveguide of primary air chamber and with primary air chamber cross-coupled local oscillator port transition waceguide, the overlapping region in the waveguide of radio frequency input transition and primary air chamber is region M, coupling probe prolongs and extends in the M of region through the waveguide of radio frequency input transition, the overlapping region in local oscillator port transition waceguide and primary air chamber is region N, and local oscillator port match line is positioned at region N, first lateral transport line and first longitudinal transmission line, the longitudinal transmission line of the first branch road, the first branch road lateral transport line form local oscillator low pass filter, and the 3rd lateral transport line and " work " font transmission line, the 4th lateral transport line, the second lateral transport line form mid-frequency low-pass filter.
The operation principle of said structure is: local oscillator port transition waceguide and mid-frequency low-pass filter form a local oscillator intermediate frequency duplexer, local oscillator port transition waceguide is standard waveguide WR-4, local oscillator port transition waceguide is as local oscillator input input local oscillation signal, the waveguide of radio frequency input transition is standard waveguide WR-2.2, the waveguide of radio frequency input transition is as rf inputs input radio frequency signal, when local oscillation signal and radiofrequency signal are by planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode, abundant harmonic signal will be produced, intermediate-freuqncy signal exports via after local oscillator low pass filter and the screening of mid-frequency low-pass filter, radiofrequency signal and local oscillation signal are respectively from respective port feed-in, through being transitioned into coplanar waveguide transmission line and being loaded on planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode after corresponding matching network, because local oscillation signal frequency is lower than prevention at radio-frequency port waveguide cutoff frequency, so local oscillation signal can not leak from prevention at radio-frequency port, and radiofrequency signal can not be leaked from local oscillator port due to the existence of local oscillator low pass filter (logical local frequency, resistance rf frequency), thus realize the isolation between these two ports, radiofrequency signal and local oscillation signal recycle at planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode place and make required intermediate-freuqncy signal energy enough large, the intermediate-freuqncy signal that mixing produces is exported from local oscillator end by a mid-frequency low-pass filter, and the impedance that match circuit is used for mating mixer diode makes signal better transmit.Wherein planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode is pasted through high-temperature baking by back-off form conducting resinl.
The radiofrequency signal of radio frequency input transition waveguide to the transient process of coplanar waveguide transmission line is: it is inner that the sidewall utilizing coupling probe to pass the waveguide of radio frequency input transition extend into the waveguide of radio frequency input transition, by the coupling of coupling probe, signal energy in the waveguide of radio frequency input transition is coupled on coplanar waveguide transmission line, size, through optimizing, avoids the appearance of higher mode and transmission zero.
Local oscillator low pass filter have employed a kind of compact resonant element structure as said structure.Compact resonant element is a kind of by lithography corrosion technology, the special circuit structure of the special pattern formed in standard 50 ohm transmission line.Owing to having etched away a part of metal in normal 50 ohm transmission line, the carefully narrow transmission line be connected up and down of formation will increase the series inductance of its equivalence.On the contrary, two gaps etched then add its equivalent parallel electric capacity.Said structure can be equivalent to RLC resonant circuit, presents band-stop response.By regulating the compact length of resonant element structure and the structure of etch pattern, the band inhibition effect under different frequency range can be obtained.The effect of local oscillator low pass filter makes local oscillation signal arrive diode pair to drive mixer tube with less loss, and suppress radiofrequency signal, prevent radiofrequency signal from leaking from local oscillator port, improve interport isolation, not allowing radiofrequency signal lose because of leaking simultaneously, energy can be concentrated on diode pair to carry out mixing yet.
The setting principle of planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode is: in microwave and millimeter wave frequency range, because the package dimension of planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode pipe is much smaller than wavelength, it encapsulates Effect Field distribution hardly, and the linear equivalent-circuit model of SPICE parameter that therefore different operating frequency lower plane Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode extracts can be thought accurately.But rise to Terahertz frequency range along with frequency, sharply rising due to frequency makes shielding cavity size die-off, and the restriction of planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode manufacture craft, planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode package dimension is made to reduce limited extent, far below the amplitude that operating frequency rises.Therefore the conventional planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode equivalent model in ADS, at Terahertz frequency range existing defects, needs the foundation re-starting equivalent model.The mode that the present invention adopts back-off to paste arranges planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode, namely adopts back-off form conducting resinl to paste through high-temperature baking.
Mid-frequency low-pass filter adopts " work " character form structure.Design this I-shaped filter very simple, the transmission line wide up and down of " work " word is equivalent to electric capacity, and the thin transmission line of centre is equivalent to inductance, and electric capacity and inductance in parallel are to ground.The stool and urine of control capacittance and inductance can produce outward a transmission zero at the band of filter.The effect of mid-frequency low-pass filter is extracted from circuit the intermediate-freuqncy signal that mixing produces, and the signal to unwanted frequency, mainly stronger to energy local oscillation signal suppresses, prevent its from intermediate frequency port export cause the loss of local oscillation signal energy and intermediate frequency output spectrum impure.Intermediate-frequency filter needs the insertion loss reduced as far as possible in passband, and intermediate-freuqncy signal can be exported with less loss, and improves the degree of suppression not needing frequency, particularly to the suppression of local frequency.
Local oscillator port transition waceguide and mid-frequency low-pass filter form a local oscillator intermediate frequency duplexer, local oscillation signal is inputted by standard waveguide WR-4 and enters mixer diode and radiofrequency signal mixing via coplanar waveguide transmission line, the intermediate-freuqncy signal produced is via local oscillator low pass filter, because local oscillator input waveguide cut-off frequency is far above IF-FRE, thus intermediate-freuqncy signal can not enter local oscillator waveguide, local oscillation signal ends as to the suppression device of high-frequency signal by intermediate-frequency filter, makes it can not be exported by intermediate frequency port.
The concrete structure of mixer diode is: mixer diode comprises resilient coating, resilient coating is provided with ohmic contact layer and epitaxial loayer, epitaxial loayer is provided with silicon dioxide layer, ohmic contact layer is connected with metal anode bridge, the metal anode bridge of a mixer diode in 2 mixer diodes penetrates the silicon dioxide layer of another one mixer diode, and the resilient coating of 2 mixer diodes is arranged on substrate layer simultaneously.
Ohmic contact layer conducting resinl is pasted on earth connection and matched line through high-temperature baking.
All structures that coplanar waveguide transmission line comprises away from medium substrate one side all with the upper surface flush of medium substrate.
Coupling probe, matched line, earth connection, the first lateral transport line, local oscillator low-pass filtering matched line, local oscillator matched line, the second lateral transport line, the 3rd lateral transport line, the 4th lateral transport line, mid-frequency low-pass filtering matched line, first longitudinal transmission line are all the transmission line of rectangle.
Primary air chamber is rectangular tube.
Local oscillator port transition waceguide is reducing waveguide.
The waveguide of radio frequency input transition is rectangular tube.
The long limit of earth connection is parallel with the long limit of matched line, and the long edge lengths of earth connection equals the distance of local oscillator port transition waceguide to the waveguide of radio frequency input transition simultaneously.
Because the size of planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode is larger, therefore the mixer diode be connected with earth connection extends to outside, primary air chamber through the wall in primary air chamber, be provided with the arc air chamber be connected with primary air cavity outer wall at this mixer diode place, this mixer diode extends in arc air chamber.
Advantage of the present invention is: this invention adopts coplanar waveguide transmission line, without the need to radio frequency ground connection, reduces assembly difficulty and human error increase circuit precision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the Facad structure schematic diagram of planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode.
Fig. 3 is that structural representation is cutd open in the side of planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode.
Fig. 4 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of local oscillator low pass filter
Fig. 5 is the simulation parameter schematic diagram of local oscillator low pass filter.
Fig. 6 is the simulation parameter schematic diagram of mid-frequency low-pass filter.
Fig. 7 is the simulation parameter schematic diagram of local oscillator intermediate frequency duplexer local oscillator frequency range.
Fig. 8 is the simulation parameter schematic diagram of local oscillator intermediate frequency duplexer intermediate-frequency band.
Fig. 9 is the simulation parameter schematic diagram of radio frequency input transition waveguide.
Figure 10 is the result in ADS software after overall simulation optimization.
Label in figure is expressed as: 1, primary air chamber; 2, medium substrate; 3, radio frequency input transition waveguide; 4, coupling probe; 5, matched line; 6, earth connection; 7, the first lateral transport line; 71, first longitudinal transmission line; 72, the longitudinal transmission line of the first branch road; 73, the first branch road lateral transport line; 8, local oscillator port transition waceguide; 9, the second lateral transport line; 91, " work " font transmission line; 93, the 3rd lateral transport line; 94, the 4th lateral transport line; 92, mid-frequency low-pass filtering matched line; 10, local oscillator port match line; 11, planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode; 12, arc air chamber; 13, local oscillator low-pass filtering matched line; 21, ohmic contact layer; 22, silicon dioxide layer; 23, epitaxial loayer; 24, metal anode bridge; 25, resilient coating; 26, substrate layer.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
As shown in Figures 1 to 9.
A kind of modified model is based on the sub-harmonic mixer of coplanar waveguide transmission line, comprise a primary air chamber 1, the inner bottom surface in primary air chamber 1 is provided with medium substrate 2, medium substrate 2 is provided with coupling probe 4, coplanar waveguide transmission line, local oscillator matched line 10, microstrip line construction, coplanar waveguide transmission line comprises the matched line 5 from left to right connected successively, first lateral transport line 7, local oscillator low-pass filtering matched line 13, the right-hand member of coupling probe 4 is connected with the left end of matched line 5, the right-hand member of local oscillator low-pass filtering matched line 13 is connected with the left end of local oscillator matched line 10, microstrip line construction comprises the second lateral transport line 9 from left to right connected successively, 3rd lateral transport line 93, 4th lateral transport line 94, mid-frequency low-pass filtering matched line 92, the left end of the second lateral transport line 9 is connected with the right-hand member of local oscillator matched line 10, also comprise 2 first longitudinal transmission lines 71, a first longitudinal transmission line 71 is connected between the first lateral transport line 7 and matched line 5, another first longitudinal transmission line 71 is connected between the first lateral transport line 7 and local oscillator low-pass filtering matched line 13, the both sides of the first lateral transport line 7 are also provided with the first branch road lateral transport line 73 separately, 2 the first branch road lateral transport lines 73 are arranged to axisymmetrical with the left and right of the first lateral transport line 7, 2 the first branch road lateral transport lines 73 are all connected with the first lateral transport line 7 by the longitudinal transmission line 72 of the first branch road, the left and right of 2 the first branch road lateral transport lines 73 to two ends all bend sensing first lateral transport line 7, the length direction of the first lateral transport line 7 is vertical with the length direction of first longitudinal transmission line 71, also comprise 2 " work " font transmission lines 91, " work " font transmission line 91 comprises 2 transverse legs transmission lines parallel to each other and the longitudinal branch transmission line be connected between 2 transverse legs transmission lines is formed, longitudinal branch transmission line of one of them " work " font transmission line 91 is connected between the second lateral transport line 9 and the 3rd lateral transport line 93, and longitudinal branch transmission line of another " work " font transmission line 91 is connected between the 3rd lateral transport line 93 and the 4th lateral transport line 94, coplanar waveguide transmission line also comprises 2 earth connection 6,2 earth connections 6 laying respectively at matched line 5 both sides and is all connected with the inwall in primary air chamber, also comprise planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode 11, planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode 11 is the combining structure of 2 mixer diodes in parallel, the front of 2 mixer diodes is ohmic contact layer 21, the ohmic contact layer 21 of one of them mixer diode is connected with the front of matched line 5 away from medium substrate 2, and the ohmic contact layer 21 of another one mixer diode is connected with the front of earth connection 6 away from medium substrate 2, also comprise with primary air chamber cross-coupled radio frequency input transition waveguide 3 and with primary air chamber cross-coupled local oscillator port transition waceguide 8, radio frequency input transition waveguide 3 is region M with the overlapping region in primary air chamber, coupling probe prolongs and extends in the M of region through radio frequency input transition waveguide 3, local oscillator port transition waceguide 8 is region N with the overlapping region in primary air chamber, and local oscillator port match line is positioned at region N, first lateral transport line 7 and first longitudinal transmission line 71, first branch road longitudinal transmission line 72, first branch road lateral transport line 73 form local oscillator low pass filter, and the 3rd lateral transport line 93 and " work " font transmission line the 91, the 4th lateral transport line 94, second lateral transport line 9 form mid-frequency low-pass filter.
The operation principle of said structure is: local oscillator port transition waceguide 8 and mid-frequency low-pass filter form a local oscillator intermediate frequency duplexer, local oscillator port transition waceguide 8 is standard waveguide WR-4, local oscillator port transition waceguide 8 is as local oscillator input input local oscillation signal, radio frequency input transition waveguide 3 is standard waveguide WR-2.2, radio frequency input transition waveguide 3 is as rf inputs input radio frequency signal, when local oscillation signal and radiofrequency signal are by planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode 11, abundant harmonic signal will be produced, intermediate-freuqncy signal exports via after local oscillator low pass filter and the screening of mid-frequency low-pass filter, radiofrequency signal and local oscillation signal are respectively from respective port feed-in, through being transitioned into coplanar waveguide transmission line and being loaded on planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode 11 after corresponding matching network, because local oscillation signal frequency is lower than prevention at radio-frequency port waveguide cutoff frequency, so local oscillation signal can not leak from prevention at radio-frequency port, and radiofrequency signal due to local oscillator low pass filter lead to local frequency, resistance rf frequency existence and can not leak from local oscillator port, thus realize the isolation between these two ports, radiofrequency signal and local oscillation signal recycle at planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode 11 place and make required intermediate-freuqncy signal energy enough large, the intermediate-freuqncy signal that mixing produces is exported from local oscillator end by a mid-frequency low-pass filter, and the impedance that match circuit is used for mating mixer diode makes signal better transmit.Wherein planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode 11 is pasted through high-temperature baking by back-off form conducting resinl.
The radiofrequency signal of radio frequency input transition waveguide 3 to the transient process of coplanar waveguide transmission line is: it is inner that the sidewall utilizing coupling probe to pass radio frequency input transition waveguide 3 extend into the waveguide 3 of radio frequency input transition, by the coupling of coupling probe, signal energy in radio frequency input transition waveguide 3 is coupled on coplanar waveguide transmission line, size, through optimizing, avoids the appearance of higher mode and transmission zero.
Local oscillator low pass filter have employed a kind of compact resonant element structure as said structure.Compact resonant element is a kind of by lithography corrosion technology, the special circuit structure of the special pattern formed in standard 50 ohm transmission line.Owing to having etched away a part of metal in normal 50 ohm transmission line, the carefully narrow transmission line be connected up and down of formation will increase the series inductance of its equivalence.On the contrary, two gaps etched then add its equivalent parallel electric capacity.Said structure can be equivalent to RLC resonant circuit, presents band-stop response.By regulating the compact length of resonant element structure and the structure of etch pattern, the band inhibition effect under different frequency range can be obtained.The effect of local oscillator low pass filter makes local oscillation signal arrive diode pair to drive mixer tube with less loss, and suppress radiofrequency signal, prevent radiofrequency signal from leaking from local oscillator port, improve interport isolation, not allowing radiofrequency signal lose because of leaking simultaneously, energy can be concentrated on diode pair to carry out mixing yet.
The setting principle of planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode is: in microwave and millimeter wave frequency range, because the package dimension of planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode pipe is much smaller than wavelength, it encapsulates Effect Field distribution hardly, and the linear equivalent-circuit model of SPICE parameter that therefore different operating frequency lower plane Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode extracts can be thought accurately.But rise to Terahertz frequency range along with frequency, sharply rising due to frequency makes shielding cavity size die-off, and the restriction of planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode manufacture craft, planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode package dimension is made to reduce limited extent, far below the amplitude that operating frequency rises.Therefore the conventional planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode equivalent model in ADS, at Terahertz frequency range existing defects, needs the foundation re-starting equivalent model.The mode that the present invention adopts back-off to paste arranges planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode, namely adopts back-off form conducting resinl to paste through high-temperature baking.
Mid-frequency low-pass filter adopts " work " character form structure.Design this I-shaped filter very simple, the transmission line wide up and down of " work " word is equivalent to electric capacity, and the thin transmission line of centre is equivalent to inductance, and electric capacity and inductance in parallel are to ground.The stool and urine of control capacittance and inductance can produce outward a transmission zero at the band of filter.The effect of mid-frequency low-pass filter is extracted from circuit the intermediate-freuqncy signal that mixing produces, and the signal to unwanted frequency, mainly stronger to energy local oscillation signal suppresses, prevent its from intermediate frequency port export cause the loss of local oscillation signal energy and intermediate frequency output spectrum impure.Intermediate-frequency filter needs the insertion loss reduced as far as possible in passband, and intermediate-freuqncy signal can be exported with less loss, and improves the degree of suppression not needing frequency, particularly to the suppression of local frequency.
Local oscillator port transition waceguide 8 and mid-frequency low-pass filter form a local oscillator intermediate frequency duplexer, local oscillation signal is inputted by standard waveguide WR-4 and enters mixer diode and radiofrequency signal mixing via coplanar waveguide transmission line, the intermediate-freuqncy signal produced is via local oscillator low pass filter, because local oscillator input waveguide cut-off frequency is far above IF-FRE, thus intermediate-freuqncy signal can not enter local oscillator waveguide, local oscillation signal ends as to the suppression device of high-frequency signal by intermediate-frequency filter, makes it can not be exported by intermediate frequency port.
The concrete structure of mixer diode is: mixer diode comprises resilient coating 25, resilient coating 25 is provided with ohmic contact layer 21 and epitaxial loayer 23, epitaxial loayer is provided with silicon dioxide layer 22, ohmic contact layer 21 is connected with metal anode bridge 24, the resilient coating 25 that the metal anode bridge of a mixer diode in 2 mixer diodes penetrates silicon dioxide layer 22,2 mixer diodes of another one mixer diode is arranged on substrate layer 26 simultaneously.
Ohmic contact layer 21 conducting resinl is pasted on earth connection and matched line 5 through high-temperature baking.
All structures that coplanar waveguide transmission line comprises away from medium substrate 2 one side all with the upper surface flush of medium substrate 2.
Coupling probe 4, matched line 5, earth connection 6, first lateral transport line 7, local oscillator low-pass filtering matched line 13, local oscillator matched line 10, second lateral transport line 9, the 3rd lateral transport line 93, the 4th lateral transport line 94, the longitudinal transmission line 71 of mid-frequency low-pass filtering matched line 92, first are all the transmission line of rectangle.
Primary air chamber is rectangular tube.
Local oscillator port transition waceguide is reducing waveguide.
The waveguide of radio frequency input transition is rectangular tube.
The long limit of earth connection is parallel with the long limit of matched line, and the long edge lengths of earth connection equals the distance of local oscillator port transition waceguide to the waveguide of radio frequency input transition simultaneously.
The mixer diode be connected with earth connection extends to outside, primary air chamber through the wall in primary air chamber, and be provided with the arc air chamber 12 be connected with primary air cavity outer wall at this mixer diode place, this mixer diode extends in arc air chamber 12.
As Fig. 5: the parameter in this figure shows: local oscillator low pass filter simulation result as shown in Figure 5, lead to in-band insertion loss at 0 ~ 250GHz and be less than 0.2dB, return loss is better than 10dB, and is greater than 20dB at 350GHz with the suppression of upper frequency, meets the requirement that radio frequency frequency suppresses.In 0 ~ 250GHz free transmission range, insertion loss is less, local oscillation signal can be made to be utilized effectively, the Terahertz frequency range that this is being difficult to obtain larger local oscillator power source seems especially important, and the matched well that broad passband also realizes in relative broad range for local oscillation signal simultaneously provides necessary guarantee.。
As Fig. 6: the parameter in this figure shows: as shown in Figure 6, be less than 0.2dB at the logical in-band insertion loss of 0 ~ 40GHz scope, return loss is better than 20dB to mid-frequency low-pass filter simulation result.The suppression of local frequency 210GHz place is greater than 20dB.Can be good by intermediate-freuqncy signal, suppress local oscillation signal.
As Fig. 7,8: the parameter in this figure shows: local oscillator intermediate frequency duplex simulation result as shown in Figure 7,8.In Fig. 7, in the scope of local frequency 140 ~ 200GHz, local oscillator input waveguide is less than 0.5dB to the insertion loss of local oscillator low-pass filtering output port, and return loss and S11 are better than 10dB substantially.In fig. 8, in the scope of intermediate frequency 0 ~ 25GHz, the return loss of medium frequency output end mouth is better than 10dB, and the insertion loss of local oscillator low-pass filtering output port is less than 0.5dB.
As Fig. 9: the parameter in this figure shows: Fig. 9 is the simulation result of radio-frequency plumbing transition.Return loss and the S11 of rf inputs mouth are substantially better than 20dB in 390GHz-450GHz, and insertion loss S21 is less than 0.2dB, have established good basis for frequency mixer realizes less conversion loss in a broad frequency range.
As Figure 10: the S parameter of each several part passive circuit obtained by above-mentioned simulation optimization imports ADS simulation software with SNP file, connects the ideal diode model that ADS builds, carries out nonlinear optimization emulation so as to harmonic wave equilibrium method, to obtain best conversion loss.ADS simulation result is presented within the scope of 400-445GHz, and conversion loss is less than 8dB.Conversion loss is that input radio frequency signal power represents with dB with the ratio exporting intermediate-freuqncy signal power.This frequency mixer of simulation results show is respond well.
As mentioned above, then well the present invention can be realized.
Claims (10)
1. a modified model is based on the sub-harmonic mixer of coplanar waveguide transmission line, it is characterized in that: comprise a primary air chamber (1), the inner bottom surface in primary air chamber (1) is provided with medium substrate (2), medium substrate (2) is provided with coupling probe (4), coplanar waveguide transmission line, local oscillator matched line (10), microstrip line construction, coplanar waveguide transmission line comprises the matched line (5) from left to right connected successively, first lateral transport line (7), local oscillator low-pass filtering matched line (13), the right-hand member of coupling probe (4) is connected with the left end of matched line (5), the right-hand member of local oscillator low-pass filtering matched line (13) is connected with the left end of local oscillator matched line (10), microstrip line construction comprises the second lateral transport line (9) from left to right connected successively, 3rd lateral transport line (93), 4th lateral transport line (94), mid-frequency low-pass filtering matched line (92), the left end of the second lateral transport line (9) is connected with the right-hand member of local oscillator matched line (10), also comprise 2 first longitudinal transmission lines (71), a first longitudinal transmission line (71) is connected between the first lateral transport line (7) and matched line (5), another first longitudinal transmission line (71) is connected between the first lateral transport line (7) and local oscillator low-pass filtering matched line (13), the both sides of the first lateral transport line (7) are also provided with the first branch road lateral transport line (73) separately, 2 the first branch road lateral transport lines (73) are arranged to axisymmetrical with the left and right of the first lateral transport line (7), 2 the first branch road lateral transport lines (73) all pass through the longitudinal transmission line (72) of the first branch road and are connected with the first lateral transport line (7), the left and right of 2 the first branch road lateral transport lines (73) to two ends all bend sensing first lateral transport line (7), the length direction of the first lateral transport line (7) is vertical with the length direction of first longitudinal transmission line (71), also comprise 2 " work " fonts transmission line (91), " work " font transmission line (91) comprises 2 transverse legs transmission lines parallel to each other and the longitudinal branch transmission line be connected between 2 transverse legs transmission lines is formed, longitudinal branch transmission line of one of them " work " font transmission line (91) is connected between the second lateral transport line (9) and the 3rd lateral transport line (93), and longitudinal branch transmission line of another " work " font transmission line (91) is connected between the 3rd lateral transport line (93) and the 4th lateral transport line (94), coplanar waveguide transmission line also comprises the earth connection (6) that 2 lay respectively at matched line (5) both sides, and 2 earth connections (6) are all connected with the inwall in primary air chamber, also comprise planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode (11), planar Schottky reverse parallel connection mixer diode (11) is the combining structure of 2 mixer diodes in parallel, the front of 2 mixer diodes is ohmic contact layer (21), the ohmic contact layer (21) of one of them mixer diode is connected with the front of matched line (5) away from medium substrate (2), and the ohmic contact layer (21) of another one mixer diode is connected with the front of earth connection (6) away from medium substrate (2), also comprise with primary air chamber cross-coupled radio frequency input transition waveguide (3) and with primary air chamber cross-coupled local oscillator port transition waceguide (8), radio frequency input transition waveguide (3) is region M with the overlapping region in primary air chamber, coupling probe prolongs and extends in the M of region through radio frequency input transition waveguide (3), local oscillator port transition waceguide (8) is region N with the overlapping region in primary air chamber, and local oscillator port match line is positioned at region N, first lateral transport line (7) and first longitudinal transmission line (71), the longitudinal transmission line (72) of the first branch road, the first branch road lateral transport line (73) form local oscillator low pass filter, and the 3rd lateral transport line (93) and " work " font transmission line (91), the 4th lateral transport line (94), the second lateral transport line (9) form mid-frequency low-pass filter.
2. a kind of modified model according to claim 1 is based on the sub-harmonic mixer of coplanar waveguide transmission line, it is characterized in that: mixer diode comprises resilient coating (25), resilient coating (25) is provided with ohmic contact layer (21) and epitaxial loayer (23), epitaxial loayer is provided with silicon dioxide layer (22), ohmic contact layer (21) is connected with metal anode bridge (24), the metal anode bridge of a mixer diode in 2 mixer diodes penetrates the silicon dioxide layer (22) of another one mixer diode, the resilient coating (25) of 2 mixer diodes is arranged on substrate layer (26) simultaneously.
3. a kind of modified model according to claim 1 is based on the sub-harmonic mixer of coplanar waveguide transmission line, it is characterized in that: ohmic contact layer (21) conducting resinl is pasted on earth connection and matched line (5) through high-temperature baking.
4. a kind of modified model according to claim 1 is based on the sub-harmonic mixer of coplanar waveguide transmission line, it is characterized in that: all structures that coplanar waveguide transmission line comprises away from medium substrate (2) one side all with the upper surface flush of medium substrate (2).
5. a kind of modified model according to claim 1 is based on the sub-harmonic mixer of coplanar waveguide transmission line, it is characterized in that: coupling probe (4), matched line (5), earth connection (6), the first lateral transport line (7), local oscillator low-pass filtering matched line (13), local oscillator matched line (10), the second lateral transport line (9), the 3rd lateral transport line (93), the 4th lateral transport line (94), mid-frequency low-pass filtering matched line (92), first longitudinal transmission line (71) are all the transmission line of rectangle.
6. a kind of modified model according to claim 1 is based on the sub-harmonic mixer of coplanar waveguide transmission line, it is characterized in that: primary air chamber is rectangular tube.
7. a kind of modified model according to claim 1 is based on the sub-harmonic mixer of coplanar waveguide transmission line, it is characterized in that: local oscillator port transition waceguide is reducing waveguide.
8. a kind of modified model according to claim 1 is based on the sub-harmonic mixer of coplanar waveguide transmission line, it is characterized in that: the waveguide of radio frequency input transition is rectangular tube.
9. a kind of modified model according to claim 1 is based on the sub-harmonic mixer of coplanar waveguide transmission line, it is characterized in that: the long limit of earth connection is parallel with the long limit of matched line, the long edge lengths of earth connection equals the distance of local oscillator port transition waceguide to the waveguide of radio frequency input transition simultaneously.
10. according to the sub-harmonic mixer of a kind of modified model in claim 1-9 described in any one based on coplanar waveguide transmission line, it is characterized in that: the mixer diode be connected with earth connection extends to outside, primary air chamber through the wall in primary air chamber, be provided with the arc air chamber (12) be connected with primary air cavity outer wall at this mixer diode place, this mixer diode extends in arc air chamber (12).
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