CN206143704U - It destroys analogue test device to contain upper portion defect dykes and dams infiltration - Google Patents
It destroys analogue test device to contain upper portion defect dykes and dams infiltration Download PDFInfo
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- CN206143704U CN206143704U CN201621170919.6U CN201621170919U CN206143704U CN 206143704 U CN206143704 U CN 206143704U CN 201621170919 U CN201621170919 U CN 201621170919U CN 206143704 U CN206143704 U CN 206143704U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an it destroys analogue test device to contain upper portion defect dykes and dams infiltration, the device include the model groove and set up the dykes and dams model in it that the upper portion of dykes and dams model is equipped with arched simulation ant way, the dykes and dams model is close to the simulation ant of low reaches dam slope department and says that near is equipped with a spheric region, and the upper portion in model groove is equipped with the artificial rainfall simulation ware, multiunit monitor sensor has been buried underground in near simulation ant way in the dykes and dams model. The device's construction method does: at first making the soil sample with the clay, burying arched tubule underground on dykes and dams model upper portion, fill the soil sample and tamp after exceeding the tubule, then excavate the peripheral soil sample of tubule for spherical, backfilling clay layer that the soil sample of excavating made the spheric region again, to be close to this tubule more loose more, fills to extract pre -buried tubule after the completion and give birth to moulding and plan the ant way, and the edge journey of saying the simulation ant sets up multiunit monitor sensor. The utility model discloses it flows the effect and brings out infiltration destruction and send calamity mechanism to can be used to study homogeneity dykes and dams upper portion defect advantage.
Description
Technical field
This utility model is related to a kind of dykes and dams seepage failure simulation test device of defect containing top, belongs to reservoir dam protection
Technical field.
Background technology
According to statistics, it 80.53% is homogeneous earth dam that China bursts in dam, and height of dam<30m's accounts for 88%, and wherein, engineering matter
Amount problem, aging in bad repair and biological infestation hidden danger defect etc. cause earth and rockfill dam to burst and account for 40%.As after the ditch of Qinghai reservoir dam because
Storehouse water immerses the extremely strong pervious bed of dykes and dams top upstream and downstream insertion, causes seepage failure to burst；Four Sichuan Roads ditch-water storehouse are equal
Matter earth dam is also because storehouse water rises suddenly at 1/3 height of dam of dam crest because Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari. cave causes dykes and dams seepage failure to burst.Top hidden danger
The harm of defect is that its daily inspection and instrument monitoring are difficult to discover, but its presence is infiltrated for the storehouse water under high reservoir level
Passage is opened, easily causes concentration seepage failure, induced landslide even dam break.
Ancients say " ant cause harm, hidden danger difficulty is examined ", " a solid dyke can collapse because of an ant hole in it ".The especially big flood in the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River in 1998
Water, only Hubei just cause river levee piping inside the province, dissipate at the dangerous situations 6181 such as leaching, Jing verifications, and 80% dangerous situation hidden danger is that Coptotermes formosanus Shtrari. ant road is made
Into.Ant road is arch form, and up to 10cm or so, up to 8cm or so, river is filled into suitable bottom width bore from dyke upstream batter ant road
Ant road goes out ease from downstream slope, is formed and dissipates the dangerous situations such as leaching, piping, landslide, or even leads to the accident of breaching a dyke.
Model investigation has environment, boundary condition various, easy to operate, the advantages of repeatable high, it has also become water
The important means of storehouse dam, the accident study mechanism of River Embankment.As a rule, the concentration seepage flow of hidden danger defect inducing, performance
Go out uneven predominant current effect, and then cause seepage field of embankments that significant change in time and space occurs；However, traditional experiment and research or
To meet the steady seepage of Dacy seepage flow laws, or for the qualitative test of non-equilibrium seepage flow, it is difficult to reality of the reflection containing defect dykes and dams
Border observed seepage behavior and its evolution, Catastrophe Process.
The content of the invention
This utility model will solve technical problem：There is provided a kind of for studying homogenizing dykes and dams top defect predominant current effect
And its induction seepage failure causes the dykes and dams seepage failure assay device of defect containing top and its construction method of calamity mechanism, such that it is able to
Disclose the predominant current effect of homogenizing dykes and dams, seepage field spatial-temporal evolution pattern and seepage failure mechanism under defect containing top.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model proposes technical scheme be：A kind of dykes and dams of defect containing top ooze
Thoroughly crash simulation assay device, including model groove made by transparent organic glass and it is arranged in the model groove and using gluing
Dam model made by soil layer, the dam model are scaled with dykes and dams to be simulated；The dam model is included successively
Connected storehouse disk, upstream dam slope, dam crest and downstream dam slope, the top of the dam model be provided with insertion dykes and dams upstream dam slope and under
The simulation ant road of trip dam slope, the dam model are provided with the weakness zone for surrounding simulation ant road, the argillic horizon of the weakness zone
It is more loose the closer to the simulation ant road；The section in the simulation ant road is domed, and its bore is less than 10 centimetres, and bottom width is less than 8 lis
Rice；The dam model is located near the simulation ant road at the dam slope of downstream and is provided with a spheric region, the spheric region
Argillic horizon is more loose the closer to the simulation ant road, and the argillic horizon of the spheric region is also thinner compared with the argillic horizon of weakness zone
Pine；The top of the model groove is provided with sprinkler, and the model groove is provided with for discharging the draining of downstream dam slope hydrops
Pipe, the drain pipe are higher than downstream dam slope toe；Multigroup monitoring sensor is embedded near simulation ant road in the dam model,
Per group of monitoring sensor includes a matric suction sensor, a Water Content Tests in Soil Samples sensor and a pore water pressure sensing
Device.
What dam body defect predominant current effect under complicated hydraulics of assay device of the present utility model can simulating caused oozes
Destroy thoroughly, by the simulation ant road of arch is arranged on dam model top so as to form top defect, when in use, by transparent
Organic glass model groove can real-time monitored test dam body model dimensional deformation situation, sprinkler can be by predetermined reservoir level
Control condition, controls the uphill process of reservoir level by rainfall intensity, and monitoring sensor group inside real-time monitoring dam body and can lack
Sunken local soil sample volumetric water content, matric suction, pore water pressure change and hydraulic gradient distribution characteristicss.Wherein dam model is pressed
Undisturbed soil density and moisture content are filled, and top defect lays shape by the scope and orientation of setting in setting position according to test requirements document
Into, and the weakness zone for expanding is set in local, so as to more realistically simulate ant road, more accurately reflect that ant road goes out from downstream slope
Scattered leaching that ease causes, piping, dangerous situation and the accident such as landslide.
Preferably, the argillic horizon is made using the clay of dykes and dams digging in-situ to be simulated, the granular-grade of the clay
With identical with the grain composition of undisturbed soil and initial aqueous rate with initial aqueous rate.
The further improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal is：Geotechnique is pasted with the inside of the model groove side plate of the dykes and dams downstream
Cloth.So, when drain pipe discharges downstream dam slope hydrops, can prevent the soil layer of downstream dam slope from being taken away loss by current.
The further improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal is：Multiple pore water pressure sensings are embedded with the upstream dam slope
Device.
The further improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal is：The top of the downstream dam slope is disposed with photographic head.By shooting
Head can record the process of downstream dam slope seepage failure and dimensional deformation, for referring to during follow-up study.
What this utility model brought has the beneficial effect that：
1）This utility model is for defect containing top（Simulation ant road）The simulation test of homogenizing dykes and dams seepage failure, passes through
Pre-buried arch tubule, arch tubule peripheral region are backfilled after excavating and reduce compacting number of times, entirety takes out arch tubule after filling
To form dykes and dams top defect, in order to further improve the probability of seepage failure unstability, cause the sky of defect with reference to biological infestation
Between distribution situation, by defect be arranged to be inclined to downstream dam slope certain angle, and near downstream dam slope side local increase arch week
The weakness zone for enclosing forms the peripheral weakness zone of spherical expansion so that test can effectively simulation dam body upstream and downstream run through
Ant road that property defect weak floor, biological infestation cause, main nest etc., so that effective simulation predominant current effect and its induction can be stablized
Dam body seepage failure, dam slope instabilty, can reveal that predominant current effect, the seepage field Spatio-temporal Evolution of homogenizing dykes and dams under defect containing top
Rule and seepage failure mechanism, for the overall process meter set up based on the theoretical non-equilibrium seepage flow of the dykes and dams of homogenizing containing defect of predominant current
Calculate model（Dissipate leaching-predominant current effect-piping-dam body top to subside and downstream dam slope landslide）Deng there is important value.
2）This utility model is according to accident engineering（Reservoir, four Sichuan Road ditch-water storehouses, middle and lower reach of Yangtze River typical case's dike after the ditch of Qinghai
It is anti-）, according to the theory of similarity, soil sample is configured, and top defect is arranged according to described defects simulation mode, it is ensured that the success of test
The adaptability of rate and achievement；To improve weak floor head to increase its near zone osmotic pressure, and prevent storehouse water or river unrestrained
Top, about 1/3 height of dam of centre distance dam crest of the defect layer；Under drain pipe on the right side of described organic glass model groove is slightly above
Trip toe, with hydrops after simulating behind dam water level or dike.
3）This utility model is by containing high sensitivity matric suction sensor, Water Content Tests in Soil Samples sensor and pore water pressure
Multigroup monitoring sensor such as force transducer, the quantitative integrally multiple dimensioned observed seepage behavior parameter of dam hidden danger local-dam body that obtains become
Change, wherein pore pressure gauge, matric suction meter, volumetric water content meter in top defect near zone encryption arrangement, so as to
With grasped inside dam body in real time and defect local seepage flow situation, obtain its Evolution.
4）This utility model has that principle is simple, operation is convenient, monitoring is quick, can repeatedly utilize, test serious forgiveness height etc.
Advantage.
Description of the drawings
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the dykes and dams seepage failure simulation test device of defect containing top in this utility model embodiment
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view in simulation ant road in this utility model embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
The present embodiment is related to the dykes and dams seepage failure simulation test device of defect containing top, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the device
Including model groove 1 made by transparent organic glass and dam model 12 made by argillic horizon is arranged in model groove 1 and adopts,
Dam model 12 is scaled with dykes and dams to be simulated；Storehouse disk AB that dam model 12 includes being sequentially connected, upstream dam slope BC,
Dam crest CD and downstream dam slope DE, the top of dam model 12 are provided with the simulation ant of insertion dykes and dams upstream dam slope CD and downstream dam slope DE
Road 6, dam model 12 are provided with the weakness zone 7 for surrounding simulation ant road 6, and the argillic horizon of weakness zone 7 is the closer to the simulation ant road 6
It is more loose；The section in simulation ant road 6 is domed；Simulation ant road 6 of the dam model 12 at the dam slope DE of downstream is nearby provided with one
Individual spheric region 8, the argillic horizon of the spheric region 8 are more loose the closer to the simulation ant road 6, and the clay of the spheric region 8
Layer is also more loose compared with the argillic horizon of weakness zone 7, so as to form local wide weakness zone, for simulating the main nest in ant road 6.
The present embodiment middle mold type groove 1 is made up of the five pieces of poly (methyl methacrylate) plates in front, rear, left and right and base plate, in front and back two pieces of organic glass
Glass plate is identical, thickness 5cm, length 300cm, height 120cm, and two pieces of left and right poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is identical, thickness 5cm, length
150cm, height 120cm, plexiglass base plate thickness 5cm, length 300cm, width 160cm；The length of upstream and downstream dam slope BC, DE
Respectively 144cm, slope ratio are 1:The width of 1.5, dam crest CD is 15cm, and the soil sample thickness below dam foundation face is 20cm, simulates ant
6 center position crest elevation of road is 25cm, simulates 6 bottom width 6cm of ant road, the high 2cm in both sides, as local weak enlarged area
8 radius of spheric region be about 7cm.
The top of model groove 1 is provided with sprinkler 2, and sprinkler 2 includes supply tank 3 and by pipeline and water supply
The shower nozzle 13 of the connection of case 3, by Valve controlling break-make.Pipeline between connection supply tank 3 and shower nozzle 13 is provided with effusion meter 14
For precise control rainfall, and by pressure pump 15 and valve adjusting the intensity of rainfall.
Model groove 1 is provided with for discharging the drain pipe 4 of downstream dam slope DE hydrops, and drain pipe 4 is provided with valve 5, draining
Pipe 4 is higher than downstream dam slope toe, can simulate behind dam hydrops after water level or dike.
In dam model 12, simulation ant road 6 is nearby embedded with multigroup monitoring sensor, and per group of monitoring sensor includes one
11, Water Content Tests in Soil Samples sensor 9 of matric suction sensor and a pore water pressure sensor 10.Set in the present embodiment altogether
There are ten groups of monitoring sensors, wherein equidistantly burying seven group monitoring sensors along journey in simulation ant road 6；In downstream, dam slope DE is along journey etc.
Away from three groups of monitoring sensors of arrangement.In addition, each in the middle part of dam heel, upstream dam slope BC bury 1 pore water pressure sensor 11.
The present embodiment can also make following improvement：
1）Argillic horizon is made using the clay of dykes and dams digging in-situ to be simulated, the grain composition and initial aqueous rate of clay
It is identical with the grain composition of undisturbed soil and initial aqueous rate.So more can truly reflect the true shape of dam body to be simulated
Condition.
2）Geotextiles are pasted with the inside of the model groove side plate of dykes and dams downstream.So, when drain pipe discharges downstream dam slope
During hydrops, can prevent the soil layer of downstream dam slope from being taken away loss by current.
3）The top of downstream dam slope DE is disposed with photographic head.Downstream dam slope seepage failure and outer can be recorded by photographic head
The process of portion's deformation, for referring to during follow-up study.
The present embodiment is by arrangement above can more truly simulation contains the dykes and dams of top defect, and can pass through simulation
Rainfall is testing to above-mentioned dykes and dams.At the trial, the parameter evolutions of dykes and dams can be detected by multigroup monitoring sensor
Process, and can intuitively observe ant road and go out the scattered leaching, piping, the dangerous situation such as landslide that ease causes from downstream slope, provide for follow-up study
Foundation.
The process of the test of the present embodiment is as follows：
1）Water is filled in supply tank 3, valve is opened and from meter effusion meter 14, is started pressure pump 15, recording flowmeter
14 reading, controls the size of rainfall, until it reaches setting rainfall, starts rainfall, recording flowmeter initial value, and opens
The valve 5 of drain pipe 4, excludes the hydrops of downstream dam slope DE, when reservoir level reaches 1/3 height of dam, stops rainfall；
2）Interval record respectively within 30 minutes 12 miniature pore water pressure sensors, ten Water Content Tests in Soil Samples sensors,
The reading of ten matric suction sensings, meanwhile, the situation of change of upstream dam slope is persistently recorded by outside high-definition camera, until
Off-test；
3）Wait 2 days, water is filled in supply tank 3, be again started up sprinkler 2, adjust the size of rainfall, rainfall
Intensity is maintained at dam slope upstream BC faces and has overland flow all the time and do not wash away dam slope and is advisable, the reading of recording flowmeter 14, continues
When rainfall to water level reaches defect access opening top, rainfall intensity is reduced, keep water level slowly to rise, but be unlikely to unrestrained top；
4）Interval records the reading of each sensor for 10 minutes respectively, until there is seepage failure or the destruction of downstream dam slope landslide
Till, then stop rainfall, record each sensor reading, off-test again.
This utility model is not limited to the concrete technical scheme described in above-described embodiment, in addition to the implementation, this practicality
It is new to have other embodiment.The technical scheme that all employing equivalents are formed, is the guarantor of this utility model requirement
Shield scope.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of dykes and dams seepage failure simulation test device of defect containing top, it is characterised in that：Make including transparent organic glass
Model groove and be arranged in the model groove and adopt dam model made by argillic horizon, the dam model with wait to simulate
Dykes and dams it is scaled；The dam model includes storehouse disk, upstream dam slope, dam crest and the downstream dam slope being sequentially connected, described
The top of dam model is provided with the simulation ant road of insertion dykes and dams upstream dam slope and downstream dam slope, and the dam model is provided with encirclement mould
The weakness zone in Ni Yi roads, the argillic horizon of the weakness zone are more loose the closer to the simulation ant road；It is described to simulate cutting for ant road
Face is domed, and its bore is less than 10 centimetres, and bottom width is less than 8 centimetres；The dam model is located at the simulation at the dam slope of downstream
A spheric region is provided with ant road, the argillic horizon of the spheric region is more loose the closer to the simulation ant road, and the spherical region
The argillic horizon in domain is also more loose compared with the argillic horizon of weakness zone；The top of the model groove is provided with sprinkler, the model
Groove is provided with for discharging the drain pipe of downstream dam slope hydrops, and the drain pipe is higher than downstream dam slope toe；The dam model
Be embedded with multigroup monitoring sensor near interior simulation ant road, per group of monitoring sensor include a matric suction sensor, one
Water Content Tests in Soil Samples sensor and a pore water pressure sensor.
2. the dykes and dams of defect containing top seepage failure simulation test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The dike
Geotextiles are pasted with the inside of the model groove side plate of dam downstream.
3. the dykes and dams of defect containing top seepage failure simulation test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：On described
Multiple pore water pressure sensors are embedded with trip dam slope.
4. the dykes and dams of defect containing top seepage failure simulation test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Under described
The top of trip dam slope is disposed with photographic head.
5. the dykes and dams of defect containing top seepage failure simulation test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described viscous
Soil layer is made using the clay of dykes and dams digging in-situ to be simulated, the grain composition and initial aqueous rate and undisturbed soil of the clay
Grain composition it is identical with initial aqueous rate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621170919.6U CN206143704U (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | It destroys analogue test device to contain upper portion defect dykes and dams infiltration |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621170919.6U CN206143704U (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | It destroys analogue test device to contain upper portion defect dykes and dams infiltration |
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| CN206143704U true CN206143704U (en) | 2017-05-03 |
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| CN201621170919.6U Withdrawn - After Issue CN206143704U (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | It destroys analogue test device to contain upper portion defect dykes and dams infiltration |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106368165A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-02-01 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Testing device for simulating seepage failure of dam with upper part defects and construction method thereof |
| CN110716028A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-21 | 清华大学 | Centrifugal model test simulation method and system for damming dam |
| CN111175141A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2020-05-19 | 河海大学 | Method for selecting and matching particle cushion layer with reasonable particle size and free of damage to geomembrane |
| CN111855443A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-10-30 | 昆明理工大学 | Experimental device for monitoring whole process of instability and disaster of bulk material accumulation dam |
-
2016
- 2016-10-26 CN CN201621170919.6U patent/CN206143704U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106368165A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-02-01 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Testing device for simulating seepage failure of dam with upper part defects and construction method thereof |
| CN106368165B (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-05-29 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | The dykes and dams seepage failure simulation test device of defect containing top and its construction method |
| CN110716028A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-21 | 清华大学 | Centrifugal model test simulation method and system for damming dam |
| CN110716028B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-04-27 | 清华大学 | Centrifugal model test simulation method and system for damming dam |
| CN111175141A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2020-05-19 | 河海大学 | Method for selecting and matching particle cushion layer with reasonable particle size and free of damage to geomembrane |
| CN111175141B (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2021-02-09 | 河海大学 | Method for selecting and matching particle cushion layer with reasonable particle size and free of damage to geomembrane |
| CN111855443A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-10-30 | 昆明理工大学 | Experimental device for monitoring whole process of instability and disaster of bulk material accumulation dam |
| CN111855443B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2024-03-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Experimental device for monitoring whole disaster-causing process of unstability of dispersion accumulating dam |
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Granted publication date: 20170503 Effective date of abandoning: 20180529 |
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