CN205080111U - Many spaces combining medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growing water testing arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an ecological environment geotechnical engineering simulation tests technical field to a many spaces combining medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growing water testing arrangement is disclosed, plant model, rainfall analogue means, tunnel flow model in porous media including the plant, the tunnel flow model in porous media includes model boundary and the simulation seepage flow geology material of packing in model boundary, simulates seepage flow geology material and adopts the many spaces combining medium who has equivalent seepage flow characteristic with natural rock mass, is equipped with tunnel analogue means in the simulation seepage flow geology material, and plant planting model is the slope model of setting on the tunnel flow model in porous media with tunnel flow model in porous media size matching. Carry out the vegetation planting on the model of slope, rainfall simulation, the water catch bowl that corresponds slope model low side collect the domatic runoff of slope model, and the infiltration collection device of tunnel flow model in porous media collects the infiltration of tunnel flow model in porous media, test the vegetation growing water consumption in view of the above in order to study the relation between the ecological growth water requirement of rainfall, surface runoff and tunnel seepage flow and plant.

Description

Many gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water proving installation

Technical field

The utility model relates to the groundwater seepage environmental simulation of the tunnel excavation zone of influence and the proving installation of surface vegetation growth water, especially a kind of device needing hydraulic connection between water for the growth of the experimental study tunnel zone of influence rainfall generation rainwash, seepage action of ground water and vegetation ecological.

Background technology

Water plays very important role in the ecosystem, through air-vegetation-soil-rock system, is the medium of material succession and energy transport.

Basin groundwater balance is the basis maintaining vegetation ecological functions in district; building of the underground chambers such as deep and long tunnels; face a series of matter of science and technology: the precipitation in River Basin Hydrology geologic unit, vegetation, soil, the internal relation problem of hydraulic connection between rock and cavern; the mechanism problem of water fathering and underground water drainage, in ecological environmental protection, vegetation ecological function needs the quantitative evaluation problem of water.

Evaluation: Current tunnel zone of influence seepage action of ground water needs water mitigation to vegetation ecological function, the water circulation model adopted, Distributed Hydrological process simulation and seepage action of ground water level theory, independently of one another.Existing tunnel seepage flow level theory and model boundary, do not reflect the impact of natural complex geologic body many gap set feature, Penetration Signature space alternation and rainfall space-time dynamic.At present with single hole stream, Crevice gold or dissolution pore stream description Rock And Soil seepage characteristic, the gap set feature of plastid complexity natively could not be reflected.

Existing vegetation growth water requirement estimation method, is based on the empirical relationship that crops field test achievement is set up, has its limitation; Existing plant growth physical experiments measuring technology does not consider the impact of underground chamber seepage flow on plant ecological function, and inevitable have a certain distance with actual conditions.In existing tunnel engineering Ecological Evaluation, mostly have ignored the impact of underground chamber seepage flow on plant growth, and not the precedent of quantitative examination is not carried out to relation therebetween.

Utility model content

In order to make indoor Physical Experiment model closer to the true environment of the tunnel zone of influence, thus make more feasible reliable guidance for practice of construction and operation, technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of many gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water proving installation, and within the scope of the simulation tunnel zone of influence, seepage action of ground water needs water mitigation to vegetation ecological and measures vegetation ecological growth water consumption.

Proving installation of the present utility model is based on following hypothesis: the impact ignoring the factors such as transpiration effect, atmospheric humidity, temperature, then tunnel zone of influence rainfall amount is this district's flow path surface, tunnel zone of influence seepage flow and vegetation growth water consumption three sum.

The utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical matters adopts: many gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water proving installation, comprise planting model and rainfall simulator, also comprise the tunnel percolation model made according to the principle of similitude, tunnel percolation model comprises model boundary and is filled in the simulation seepage flow geological materials in model boundary, simulation seepage flow geological materials adopts many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material with natural rock mass with equivalent seepage flow characteristics, tunnel analogue means is provided with in simulation seepage flow geological materials, described planting model is the slope model mated with tunnel percolation model size, slope model is arranged on tunnel percolation model, the model boundary end face of corresponding slope model low side is provided with water leg, the bottom of tunnel percolation model is provided with infiltration bottom collection device.

Described tunnel analogue means comprises tunnel simulative tube, one step simulation pipe and two step simulative tubes, tunnel simulative tube defaults in simulation seepage flow geological materials, on its that section of tube wall being positioned at model boundary, stochastic distribution has water seepage hole, its one end mouth of pipe is exposed to beyond model boundary, the external diameter of one step simulation pipe and the internal diameter of tunnel simulative tube match, on its tube wall corresponding with the perforate pipeline section of tunnel simulative tube, random arrangement has a small amount of leaking hole, the tube wall atresia of two step simulative tubes, the internal diameter of its external diameter and tunnel simulative tube matches.

The pipeline section inwall that described tunnel simulative tube is exposed to beyond model boundary is processed with internal thread, whole tube walls of one step simulation pipe and two step simulative tubes is all processed with the external thread mated with described internal thread.

Described slope model is made up of the slope metalling of bottom and the overburden layer on it.

Many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material that described and natural rock mass has an equivalent seepage flow characteristics comprises tiling successively according to the advantage fissure direction of natural rock mass and/or advantage dissolution pore direction and successively piling to be built, through permeating the matrix of equivalent process, described matrix is can independent Mi Pu, the isotropic material block of regular shape, when filling many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material, according to fissure direction or the dissolution pore direction of natural rock mass, tiling matrix also successively piles base, between adjacent matrix, gap is set and in described gap, fills infiltration medium, and filtering layer is set between upper and lower two-layer matrix.

Further, using ordinary sinter clay brick as matrix.

Described infiltration equivalent process mode is: surperficial swabbing process forming surface pulp layer is with the matrix porosity of enclosure portion.

Described infiltration equivalent process mode is: holes drilled through process is carried out to matrix, heap sand in through hole in the advantage dissolution pore direction according to natural rock mass.

Described infiltration equivalent process mode is: between adjacent matrix, gap is set and in described gap heap sand.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: consider geologic media, tunnel excavation lining cutting etc. around natural rainfall, tunnel and need water mitigation to surface vegetation, the tunnel model under different crack dip condition can be simulated, the rainfall under the combined situation such as different ramp slope, different thickness of earth covering, rainwash and the relation between tunnel seepage flow and plant growth water requirement can be studied.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the utility model device.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the utility model device model used when not filling any geologic modelling material.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of tunnel simulative tube.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of one step simulation pipe.

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of two step simulative tubes.

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the adaptable rainfall simulator of the utility model.

Fig. 7 is the process schematic carrying out permeating equivalent process to matrix.

Fig. 8 is the equivalent process mode schematic diagram of surperficial swabbing.

Fig. 9 is the equivalent process mode schematic diagram of holes drilled through processing.

Figure 10 is the vertical view of Fig. 9.

Figure 11 be between adjacent matrix, gap is set and in gap the equivalent process mode schematic diagram of heap sand.

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of infiltration experiment device.

Figure 13 is that many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration materials application builds schematic diagram in the heap of physical experiments of the present utility model.

Be labeled as in figure: 1-slope model, 2-water leg, 3-tunnel percolation model, 4-tunnel analogue means, 5-rainfall simulator, 8-tunnel simulative tube, 9-one step simulation pipe, 10-bis-step simulative tube, 11-metalling, 12-overburden layer, 13-water seepage hole, 14-leaking hole, 31-model boundary, 32-simulates seepage flow geological materials, 33-drainpipe, 41-water seepage hole, 42-water outlet port, 51-water meter, 52-operation valve, 53-water pressure gauge, 54-shower nozzle, 55-arm, 101-water delivering orifice, 102-rising pipe, 103-beaker, 104-intake-outlet interface, 105-water inlet pipe, 106-tank, 107-vent valve, 321-matrix, 322-first EFFECTIVE MEDIUM, 323-cushion block, 324-filtering layer, 325-through hole, 326-starch adhesive layer, 327-second EFFECTIVE MEDIUM.H-overburden layer thickness, α-gradient, L ₁the tube having holes segment length of-tunnel simulative tube, L ₂-tunnel simulative tube expose segment length, H-head, β-angle.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further illustrated.

As shown in Fig. 1 ~ Figure 13, many gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water proving installation of the present utility model: comprise planting model, rainfall simulator and the tunnel percolation model 3 made according to the principle of similitude, the simulation seepage flow geological materials 32 that tunnel percolation model 3 comprises model boundary 31 and is filled in model boundary 31, determine the scope of the tunnel zone of influence for more than 6 times of usual foundation tunnel diameter, and model boundary 31 can expand on this basis and be that modeling conveniently adjusts, simulation seepage flow geological materials 32 is determined to adopt according to the principle having a similarity with field geology environment and natural rock mass has many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material of equivalent seepage flow characteristics, many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material, belong to a kind of many gap set medium, it is as a kind of filled media simulated, be filled in model boundary 31, tunnel analogue means 4 is provided with in simulation seepage flow geological materials 32, according to common revegetation measure, described planting model is the slope model 1 mated with tunnel percolation model 3 size, for simulated field geological state more accurately, slope model 1 is made up of the slope metalling 11 of bottom and the overburden layer 12 on it, slope model 1 is arranged on tunnel percolation model 3, the end face of the model boundary 31 of corresponding slope model 1 low side is provided with water leg 2, the position of water leg 2 is not higher than the lower position of overburden layer 12, guarantee to collect slope runoff all sidedly with water leg 2, and measure slope runoff amount, tunnel analogue means 4 comprises tunnel simulative tube 8, one step simulation pipe 9 and two step simulative tubes 10, thus realize for tunnel excavation, the simulation of lining cutting process construction overall process, tunnel simulative tube 8 defaults in simulation seepage flow geological materials 32, on its that section of tube wall being positioned at model boundary 31, stochastic distribution has water seepage hole 13, there is before excavation simulation the situation of percolation Structure, its one end mouth of pipe is exposed to beyond model boundary 31, for water outlet port, for the collection via tunnel analogue means 4 seepage flow, the external diameter of one step simulation pipe 9 and the internal diameter of tunnel simulative tube 8 match, on its tube wall corresponding with the perforate pipeline section of tunnel simulative tube 8, random arrangement has a small amount of leaking hole 14, described a small amount of finger is for water seepage hole, quantity is less, distribution density is less, rough handling but still have the situation of a small amount of seepage flow by tunnel in simulation of excavation process, the tube wall atresia of two step simulative tubes 10, after the complete lining cutting process of excavation simulation, substantially not by the situation of the seepage flow of tunnel, the internal diameter of its external diameter and tunnel simulative tube 8 matches, the bottom of tunnel percolation model 3 is provided with drainpipe 33, because border 31 defines the seepage flow in other place, the seepage flow of tunnel percolation model 3 is collected thus and is measured, and the water outlet port of drainpipe 33 and tunnel simulative tube 8 is jointly as the seeped water collection device of tunnel percolation model 3.

The test philosophy of the utility model device is: on slope model 1, carry out vegetation plantation, simulated rainfall, the slope runoff of slope model 1 collected by water leg 2, seeped water collection device is collected tunnel percolation model 3 and is seeped water, first utilize tunnel simulative tube 8 and one step simulation pipe 9 to simulate tunnel excavation process to test, then utilize tunnel simulative tube 8 and two step simulative tubes 10 to simulate tunnel lining processing procedure to test, one step simulation pipe 9 to be placed in tunnel simulative tube 8 and model inner length all to correspondence time be equivalent to tunnel do not excavate before situation, outwards take out one step simulation pipe 9 gradually, seepage flow enters in tunnel analogue means 4 by water seepage hole 13 and leaking hole 14, the process that simulation tunnel excavation is progressive, whole taking-up one step simulation pipe 9, the i.e. process of tunnel run-through, then, one step simulation pipe 9 is substituted with two step simulative tubes 10, oppositely inside gradually two step simulative tubes 10 are inserted in tunnel simulative tube 8, the tunnel of Anti-seeping technology is carried out in simulation gradually, until two step simulative tubes 10 and tunnel simulative tube 8 model inner length all to correspondence time water seepage hole 13 is all closed by two step simulative tubes 10, namely tunnel lining is complete, complete the vegetation growth water requirement test of tunnel construction overall process thus.

Conveniently one step simulation pipe 9, two step simulative tube 10 regulates relative to the turnover of tunnel simulative tube 8, the pipeline section inwall that tunnel simulative tube 8 is exposed to beyond model boundary 31 is processed with internal thread, whole tube walls of one step simulation pipe 9 and two step simulative tubes 10 are all processed with the external thread mated with described internal thread, and utilizing is threaded realizes connecting and regulating.

Described simulation seepage flow geological materials 32 adopts many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material with natural rock mass with equivalent seepage flow characteristics, and the preparation method of many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material is below described in detail in detail.

Be K for analog synthesis infiltration coefficient ₀the preparation method of many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material of natural rock mass: select can separately Mi Pu, the isotropic material block of regular shape is as matrix, with its close row plane of arranging for reference surface, the canal axes direction in vertical reference face is as reference direction, according to its shape, determine that close to arrange the direction arranging vertical straight joint line direction be first direction, determine that the direction all vertical with first direction, reference direction is second direction; Infiltration equivalent process is carried out to matrix, measures the initial infiltration COEFFICIENT K of matrix first direction ₁if, K ₁> K ₀then to the swabbing process of bulk portion surface, close the part hole of matrix with starch adhesive layer, make the infiltration coefficient after its first direction swabbing process equal K ₀, obtain swabbing surface area; If K ₁< K ₀then holes drilled through process is carried out to matrix, fill the first EFFECTIVE MEDIUM in hole, make the infiltration coefficient after its first direction filling through hole process equal K ₀, obtain drill hole density and the first EFFECTIVE MEDIUM packed density; Two pieces of matrixs are mutually stacked by close paving arrangement mode, and gap filling second EFFECTIVE MEDIUM between them, makes the coefficient of permeability K of its second direction ₂also K is equaled ₀, obtain gap width and the second EFFECTIVE MEDIUM packed density; The advantage fissure direction of growing according to natural rock mass and/or advantage dissolution pore direction, tiling matrix also successively piles base, between matrix, fill the second EFFECTIVE MEDIUM in the manner aforesaid when heap is built, and filtering layer is set between upper and lower two-layer matrix, obtain many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material.The combined material obtained like this, with pipeline flow field simulation dissolution pore stream, with narrow gap of plate flow field simulation Crevice gold, simulate ground water reservoir with pore media, can simulate and there is anisotropy and the complicated Penetration Signature comprising the natural rock mass of the structure characteristics such as hole, crack, solution crack.

The most complex structure of natural rock mass of meeting in rock mass engineering project, has perviousness.Below to adopt ordinary sinter clay brick, as matrix, the preparation process of the utility model many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material is described.This material is used for analog synthesis infiltration coefficient and equals K ₀natural rock mass.Ordinary sinter clay brick is rectangular parallelepiped, and it all can realize independent Mi Pu in three directions, and the direction of boring can manual control, and can flexible tiling orientation, therefore preferred using ordinary sinter clay brick as matrix.

Using ordinary sinter clay brick as matrix, first direction is chosen as its short transverse, bottom surface and/or the end face of brick are selected in surface when carrying out swabbing process, select four, brill on monolithic ordinary sinter clay brick uniform and the through hole of its bottom surface through and end face during holes drilled through.With regard to perviousness, ordinary sinter clay brick is isotropic material, and intensity, crack and its natural environment be close, cheap, easy to process, it is little to prepare site requirements.

Described first EFFECTIVE MEDIUM and the second EFFECTIVE MEDIUM are respectively the sand with adapt grating and permeability parameter.Sand uses as one infiltration medium, and be easy to obtain, different-grain diameter grain composition is easy to reach different permeability parameters, thus convenient allotment is produced and met many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material that perviousness is equivalent to natural rock concrete conditions in the establishment of a specific crime.

The above material through two direction infiltration equivalent process is suitable for making cross section model, if make large stereoscopic model, preferably also equivalent process is carried out to reference direction, that is: by mutually stacked along reference direction for two pieces of matrixs, gap filling between them the 3rd EFFECTIVE MEDIUM, makes the coefficient of permeability K of its reference direction ₃also K is equaled ₀, obtain gap width and the 3rd equivalent Filled Dielectrics density, during filling, according to gap width and the 3rd equivalent Filled Dielectrics density of gained, along described reference direction be placed with two-layer more than matrix.

Ordinary sinter clay brick standard size is length × wide × height=210mm × 115mm × 53mm, and Penetration Signature has isotropy feature, the order of magnitude about 10 of infiltration coefficient ^-6cm/s, belongs to weak seepy material.

As shown in Figure 7, the coefficient of permeability K of ordinary sinter clay brick in short transverse is first measured ₁, and coefficient of permeability K comprehensive with natural rock mass ₀compare, determine that the party upwards permeates the processing mode of equivalence, then realize the infiltration equivalence of this direction by test, i.e. K ₁=K ₀; Two brick layer folded, the gap-fill sand between brick and brick forms a composite construction unit again, and this composite construction unit of test determination is perpendicular to the coefficient of permeability K in the short transverse of brick ₂, realize infiltration equivalence on the direction vertical with short transverse, i.e. K ₂=K ₀.

As shown in Figure 8, when the perviousness of rock mass is than 10 ^-6cm/s hour, carries out swabbing process on the surface of brick, such as, brushes grout, solidifies rear forming surface pulp layer 326 with blocking portion hole, reduces the perviousness of matrix 321.

As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, when Permeability of rock is greater than 10 ^-6during cm/s, brick body 210mm × 115mm cross section drill diameter 10mm through hole 325 and make it be uniformly distributed, equally distributed object is that the many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material each several part formed after its a large amount of matrix heap is built has uniform Penetration Signature, through hole 325 should not be too large, too large then filled media easily spills and easily damaged starting material, and too little, the drill bit of holes drilled through has not easily been bought.When knowing the infiltration coefficient of the sand for filling to through hole 325, the quantity in hole be can be calculated by this condition of cross section infiltration coefficient equivalence; By the principle of the equal density that known grating and infiltrative sand are tested according to corresponding compactibility, the quality of the sand that each hole need be filled can be calculated, and all insert like this in hole.Otherwise equal to ensure homogeneity respectively in the same direction in the distance of the process mesopore with hole of building physical model for realizing, determine brill four through holes, the position in hole as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10.

The position of holes drilled through is mainly considered in the distance of the process mesopore with hole of building model equal respectively in the same direction.

As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, distance can by equation:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}2x+x+x=115mm\\ 2y+y+y=210mm\end{array}\right.$

Calculate.For standard-sized ordinary sinter clay brick, after the quantity determining holes drilled through and diameter, by calculating accordingly for infiltration coefficient and the quality of the sand to filling through hole.

As shown in figure 11, the ordinary sinter clay brick gauze after holes drilled through filling, filter paper, gauze put into the infiltration experiment device with concreting after successively wrapping up, and are shut on border with concrete, carry out infiltrative test.So just, make the penetrating power of brick short transverse and natural rock mass equivalence and K ₁=K ₀, and learn the drill hole density that the effects such as short transverse adopt and the first EFFECTIVE MEDIUM packed density thus.

As shown in figure 12, be parallel to the infiltration equivalent process of direction, brick bottom surface (vertical with brick short transverse): adopt two pieces of brick layer to fold, the mode of the gap-fill sand between brick and brick.The composite construction unit gauze formed thus, filter paper, gauze put into the infiltration experiment device with concreting after successively wrapping up, and are shut on border with concrete, carry out infiltrative test.For convenience of operation, gap width is chosen as 10mm, and namely border is the border of brick.According to the perviousness in this direction also will with natural rock mass equivalence and K ₂=K ₀, and the physical dimension in vertical this cross section, direction, the infiltration coefficient needing heap sand can be calculated, and the density of corresponding compactibility also can record, and learn the sand that the effects such as short transverse adopt and filling quality thereof thus.

As shown in figure 13, first the infiltration equivalent process to single fragment of brick is completed, namely swabbing or holes drilled through back-up sand process is carried out according to actual conditions, afterwards, according to the advantage fissure direction of natural rock mass, make the angle β of the bottom surface of brick and model bottom surface and crack dip consistent, tiling also successively piles base fragment of brick, between adjacent fragment of brick, cushion block 323 is suitably inserted when heap is built, and between matrix, fill satisfactory second EFFECTIVE MEDIUM 327, the xsect of cushion block 323 is square, its length of side is 10mm, namely gap width is 10mm, and filtering layer 324 is set between upper and lower two-layer fragment of brick, filtering layer 324 can use filter paper, or filter paper and gauze, the composite laminates of gauze makes, obtain equaling K for simulating infiltration coefficient ₀many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material of natural rock mass.

During the utility model many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration materials application used, should tile successively according to the advantage fissure direction of natural rock mass and/or advantage dissolution pore direction and successively pile the matrix built through permeating equivalent process, filtering layer is provided with between upper and lower two-layer matrix, prevent the medium of in use filling between matrix to be washed the position departing from its original place from top to bottom, change the Penetration Signature of simulation material.

Described infiltration equivalent process mode is that surperficial swabbing process forming surface pulp layer is with the matrix porosity of enclosure portion.This kind of processing mode uses when the infiltration coefficient of matrix is bigger than normal, to make it close to natural rock mass materials.

Described infiltration equivalent process mode for carry out holes drilled through process to matrix, heap sand in through hole.This kind of processing mode uses when the infiltration coefficient of matrix is less than normal, to make it close to natural rock mass materials, simulate dissolution pore in filling through hole mode simultaneously, just should be taken into account the direction of described through hole when arranging during boring, should make it basically identical with the advantage dissolution pore direction of natural rock mass.

Described infiltration equivalent process mode be between adjacent matrix, gap is set and in gap heap sand.This kind of processing mode is mainly used in the simulation of natural rock mass fracture filling situation.To ordinary sinter clay brick, due to the weak water permeability of itself, in the direction perpendicular to short transverse, no matter at first K ₂relative to K ₀bigger than normal, less than normal, all process by the mode of back-up sand, reach object quickly and easily by combination different gradation and different compactness.Namely the EFFECTIVE MEDIUM of the utility model infiltration equivalent process generally adopts the sand of different gradation and different compactness.

Due to the complicated percolation characteristic of the many gap set of original position rock mass tool, the usual conbined usage of above infiltration equivalent process mode.Utilize described material, can be implemented in the larger physical model of indoor construction, more approach the complicated percolation characteristic of the many gap set of original position rock mass tool, the basic scientific research and the engineering practice that are conducive to seepage action of ground water aspect are instructed.

Embodiment:

Choose test site, according to the principle of similitude, make the test model 8 of structure as previously mentioned, wherein the gradient α of slope model is respectively 30 °, 20 °, 10 °, 5 °, 30 °, 20 °, 10 °, 5 °.Model arranges that point two rows arrange axisymmetricly, and single moulded dimension is width × minimum constructive height × tunnel axial depth=150cm × 50cm × 20cm.Single model is divided into 5 parts, each partial width × minimum constructive height × tunnel axial depth=30cm × 50cm × 20cm, each several part overburden layer thickness h is respectively 5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, even spreading grass-seed in each part also plants selected plant, such as, arrange axis relative to model, planting plants side is ginkgo, and opposite side is Chinese pine.

Ceiling is set up in test site, get rid of natural precipitation interference, in ceiling, rainfall simulator is installed, rainfall simulator comprises water meter 51, operation valve 52 and water pressure gauge 53 on house steward, two arms 55 are connected after house steward, every root arm 55 is provided with row's shower nozzle 54, described arm 55 lays respectively at often to be arranged above model axis, slope.

Within a test period, survey rainfall data for many years according to the tunnel zone of influence, utilize rainfall simulator to carry out rainmaking to test model, metering rainfall amount, slope runoff amount, tunnel percolation model seepage flow, and the upgrowth situation of routine observation vegetation.

More than test under the condition ignoring the factor impacts such as transpiration effect, atmospheric humidity, temperature, can think that artificial precipitation equals slope runoff amount, tunnel percolation model seepage flow and vegetation growth water consumption sum, then by above test procedure, the relation between vegetation growth water consumption and flow path surface under single argument condition, tunnel zone of influence seepage flow can be studied, Indirect evaluation vegetation growth water consumption, and can in order to the tunnel construction whether healthy growth of specific vegetation in range of influence evaluating and testing ad hoc structure.

The utility model can be used for research tunnel construction to the impact of tunnel zone of influence seepage flow, investigate the relations between factor and vegetation growth water consumption such as aforementioned affect, the vegetation gradient, rainfall intensity, thickness of earth covering, vegetation pattern, for revegetation research in the tunnel zone of influence provides a kind of new quantitative evaluation mode.

Claims (9)

1. more than gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water proving installation, comprise planting model and rainfall simulator, it is characterized in that: also comprise the tunnel percolation model (3) made according to the principle of similitude, tunnel percolation model (3) comprises model boundary (31) and is filled in the simulation seepage flow geological materials (32) in model boundary (31), simulation seepage flow geological materials (32) adopts many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material with natural rock mass with equivalent seepage flow characteristics, tunnel analogue means (4) is provided with in simulation seepage flow geological materials (32), described planting model is the slope model (1) mated with tunnel percolation model (3) size, slope model (1) is arranged on tunnel percolation model (3), model boundary (31) end face of corresponding slope model (1) low side is provided with water leg (2), the bottom of tunnel percolation model (3) is provided with infiltration bottom collection device.

2. many gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water proving installation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tunnel analogue means (4) comprises tunnel simulative tube (8), one step simulation pipe (9) and two step simulative tubes (10), tunnel simulative tube (8) defaults in simulation seepage flow geological materials (32), on its that section of tube wall being positioned at model boundary (31), stochastic distribution has water seepage hole (13), its one end mouth of pipe is exposed to beyond model boundary (31), the external diameter of one step simulation pipe (9) and the internal diameter of tunnel simulative tube (8) match, on its tube wall corresponding with the perforate pipeline section of tunnel simulative tube (8), random arrangement has a small amount of leaking hole (14), the tube wall atresia of two step simulative tubes (10), the internal diameter of its external diameter and tunnel simulative tube (8) matches.

3. many gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water proving installation as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the pipeline section inwall that described tunnel simulative tube (8) is exposed to beyond model boundary (31) is processed with internal thread, whole tube walls of one step simulation pipe (9) and two step simulative tubes (10) are all processed with the external thread mated with described internal thread.

4. many gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water proving installation as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described slope model (1) is made up of the slope metalling (11) of bottom and the overburden layer on it (12).

5. as the many gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water proving installation in Claims 1 to 4 as described in any one claim, it is characterized in that: many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material (32) that described and natural rock mass has an equivalent seepage flow characteristics comprises tiling successively according to the advantage fissure direction of natural rock mass and/or advantage dissolution pore direction and successively piling to be built, through permeating the matrix (321) of equivalent process, described matrix (321) is can Mi Pu separately, the isotropic material block of regular shape, when filling many gap set geologic unit simulation of infiltration material, according to the fissure direction of natural rock mass, tiling matrix (321) also successively piles base, between adjacent matrix (321), gap is set and in described gap, fills infiltration medium, and filtering layer (324) is set between upper and lower two-layer matrix (321).

6. many gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water proving installation as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: using ordinary sinter clay brick as matrix.

7. many gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water proving installation as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: described infiltration equivalent process mode is: surperficial swabbing process forming surface pulp layer is with the matrix porosity of enclosure portion.

8. many gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water proving installation as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: described infiltration equivalent process mode is: holes drilled through process is carried out to matrix, heap sand in through hole in the advantage dissolution pore direction according to natural rock mass.

9. many gap set medium tunnel seepage flow vegetation growth water proving installation as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: described infiltration equivalent process mode is: between adjacent matrix, gap is set and in described gap heap sand.