CN105369767A - Vegetation growth water consumption testing method for simulated retaining wall supporting covering soil debris yard - Google Patents
Vegetation growth water consumption testing method for simulated retaining wall supporting covering soil debris yard Download PDFInfo
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- CN105369767A CN105369767A CN201510638650.3A CN201510638650A CN105369767A CN 105369767 A CN105369767 A CN 105369767A CN 201510638650 A CN201510638650 A CN 201510638650A CN 105369767 A CN105369767 A CN 105369767A
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- retaining wall
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- spoil disposal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of ecological environment hydrotechnics research, and discloses a vegetation growth water consumption testing method for a simulated retaining wall supporting covering soil debris yard. A test model is created on the basis of the principle of similitude, the test model comprises a rainfall simulation device and corresponding model grooves with a simulated retaining wall as the boundary, a drainage hole is formed in the simulated retaining wall, a water collection groove is formed in the surface of the simulated retaining wall, the bottoms of the model grooves are evenly paved and filled with a rubble layer, a slope debris layer and a covering soil layer, and the water collection groove is not higher than the slope bottom position of the covering soil layer. The multiple model grooves are used at the same time, artificial rainfall is performed by operating the rainfall simulation devices of the test model according to actual measurement multi-year rainfall data of the location of the debris yard, and the ground runoff volume is collected through the water collection groove, and the retaining wall body displacement amount is collected through the drainage hole. According to the water consumption testing method, the quantization testing and evaluation of the vegetation growth water requirement can be well achieved, the engineering basis is provided for vegetation ecological restoration of the debris yard, and the model testing device has reusability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological environment hydrotechnics field, especially a kind of vegetation growth water supply volume research field of retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area.
Background technology
In ecological environment geotechnical engineering field, the spoir produced because of engineering construction abandons quarrel extensively existence, abandoning quarrel is uneven due to cubic metre of earth and stone excavation and filling in engineering construction and superfluous resource that is that produce, and the stability of quarrel field drastically influence benign cycle and the sustainable development of region environment.Be at present quarrel field stability, slope texture, the spoil disposal area ecological recovery of ecologically fragile areas and domatic soil erosion amount etc. about spoil disposal area main research, the engineering control measure of existing spoil disposal area mainly contains the contents such as slope protection works, drainage works, barricade engineering, earth backing engineering, vegetation recovery engineering.
Water carries important function in spoil disposal area stability.The seepage flow abandoning water in the quarrel soil body adds the unstability risk of side slope.On the one hand, water in soil reduces the skid resistance that quarrel body slides; On the other hand, water in soil increases the sliding force that quarrel body slides.For keeping quarrel field to stablize, usually to construct the supporting barricade offering drain hole, drain hole seepage flow dewatering line according to quarrel body gliding direction, thus keeping quarrel field to stablize, avoiding geological disaster to occur.Meanwhile, abandon arbitrarily piling up of quarrel also to perch habitat to region environment and biology and cause serious threat.Therefore, also particularly important to the vegetation recovery of spoil disposal area, need to carry out vegetation recovery while engineering construction, realize engineering and natural harmony develops.
Spoil disposal area technology for recovering vegetation can be divided into the restoration and reconstitution technology, soil remediation technology, control land deterioration technology, land reclamation technology, small watershed comprehensive improvement technology etc. of vegetation according to research contents.And spoil disposal area vegetation recovery and vegetation growth water requirement closely bound up, and the maintenance of vegetation growth water requirement also exists close relationship with the seepage flow abandoning water in the soil body that is cut.And the drain hole design of existing supporting barricade often only considered barricade stability and intensity, have ignored suitable water retention to maintain the basic water requirement of vegetation healthy growth.How to maintain the balance between barricade stability and vegetation recovery water requirement, need to study accordingly.Also there is no the report about this kind of research at present.
Summary of the invention
In order to field stability and the Ecological recovery technology combination of being cut better, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of simulation retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water method of testing.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: simulation retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water method of testing, test model is built according to the principle of similitude, described test model comprises rainfall simulator and having of corresponding setting simulates the model groove of barricade as border, simulation barricade is provided with drain hole, the surface of simulation barricade is provided with catch basin, model bottom land uniform spreading is filled with macadam, macadam abandons quarrel layer for the acclive slope of tool, the overburden layer for uniform thickness on quarrel layer is abandoned on slope, catch basin is not higher than the bottom position of overburden layer side slope, according to spoil disposal area geological condition and bearing stability energy, determine fractured-rock layer thickness, determine that the gradient sequence of the quarrel layer gradient and the thickness sequence of test overburden layer thickness are abandoned in test slope, by the numerical value number of gradient sequence and the model groove of numerical value making correspondence, the model groove determined of the single gradient is divided equally by the numerical value number of overburden layer thickness sequence and numerical value correspondence and is made mini Mod groove, and in each mini Mod groove, serike seedling forms vegetation and vegetation type selects the adventitious plant of the representative plant in the locality of Project Areas or species of not having invasion and attack, survey rainfall data for many years according to spoil disposal area location, rain making when operation rainfall simulator carries out corresponding sequential, intensity and holds, collect slope runoff amount by catch basin, collect barricade body of wall displacement by drain hole.
The gradient sequence that quarrel layer is abandoned on described slope is 30 °, 20 °, 10 °, 5 °.
The thickness sequence of described overburden layer is 5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm.
Described fractured-rock layer thickness is 10cm ~ 20cm.
Serike is one or more the mixing in ginkgo, masson pine, palm, flat bamboo.Above plant is the frequently seen plants of western mountainous areas, applies when being particularly suitable for the construction evaluation study of western mountainous areas.
Test model and rainfall simulator are positioned over open area, and the top of test model and rainfall simulator is erected with transparent plastic film isolation.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can realize the quantification test of vegetation growth water requirement well and evaluate, for the vegetation recovery of the field that is cut provides engineering basis, and model test apparatus has reusability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention's model groove used.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the present invention's rainfall simulator used.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of method of testing principle of the present invention.
Be labeled as in figure: 1-drain hole, 2-simulates barricade, 3-catch basin, 4-model groove, 5-mini Mod groove, 6-macadam, and 7-abandons on slope quarrel layer, 8-overburden layer, 9-water meter, 10-control valve, 11-water pressure gauge, 12-shower nozzle, 13-arm.α-gradient, h-overburden layer thickness.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Fig. 3, simulation retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water method of testing of the present invention, first test model is built according to the principle of similitude, described test model comprises rainfall simulator and having of corresponding setting simulates the model groove 4 of barricade 2 as border, simulation barricade 2 is provided with drain hole 1, the structure of drain hole constructs similar to actual scene, the surface of simulation barricade 2 is provided with catch basin 3, the side slope bottom position of quarrel layer 7 do not abandoned by catch basin 3 higher than slope, for collecting surface runoff, the bottom even paving of model groove 4 is filled with macadam 6, so that the geological condition of quarrel stack-up-yard is abandoned in simulation better, quarrel layer 7 is abandoned on slope for having gradient α on macadam 6, in order to simulate spoil disposal area, slope is abandoned on quarrel layer 7 as the overburden layer 8 of uniform thickness is in order to planting plants, according to common spoil disposal area geological condition and design principles, determine that the thickness of macadam is 15cm, in order to study the growth conditions of vegetation under different condition, thus whether evaluate the vegetation growth water yield abundant, determine test slope abandon quarrel layer gradient sequence be 30 °, 20 °, 10 °, 5 °, determine that the thickness sequence of test overburden layer is 5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, for saving test period and paired observation, make two groups of identical totally eight model grooves, and to arrange axisymmetricly by axis be two rows, often row is four model grooves with different gradient, the transparent poly (methyl methacrylate) plate of each model groove is separated, be divided into five mini Mod grooves 5, in each mini Mod groove 5, paving fills out the rubble of 15cm thickness, form macadam 6, abandoning quarrel according to earthwork test rule backfill to form the slope with the corresponding gradient and abandon quarrel layer 7, the top paving of abandoning quarrel layer 7 on slope fills out overburden layer 8, notice that the bottom position of overburden layer 8 side slope should be not less than the position of catch basin 3, its thickness is respectively 5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, even spreading grass-seed in each mini Mod groove 5, and choose spoil disposal area advantage vegetation aheap, vegetation as common in the western mountainous areas such as ginkgo, masson pine, plant respectively and form vegetation in each mini Mod groove of two row's model grooves.
Ceiling is set up in test site, get rid of natural precipitation interference, in ceiling, rainfall simulator is installed, rainfall simulator comprises water meter 9, control valve 10 and water pressure gauge 11 on house steward, two arms 13 are connected after house steward, every root arm 13 is provided with row's shower nozzle 12, described arm lays respectively at often to be arranged above model groove axis.
Within a test period, rainfall data is surveyed for many years according to spoil disposal area location, the rainfall simulator of operational test models carries out rain making, is collected surface runoff amount, is collected barricade body of wall displacement by drain hole 1, the upgrowth situation of routine observation record vegetation by catch basin 3.
After a test period completes, change the plant of plantation, as palm, flat bamboo, repeat above test.Ginkgo, masson pine, palm and flat bamboo are the common vegetation in western mountainous areas, therefore above test is representative and can referential.
More than test under the condition ignoring the factor impacts such as transpiration effect, atmospheric humidity, temperature, following hypothesis can be made: amount of precipitation is surface runoff amount, barricade body of wall displacement and vegetation growth water supply volume sum, then by above test procedure, the relation between vegetation growth water supply volume and surface runoff amount under single argument condition, barricade body of wall displacement can be studied, Indirect evaluation vegetation growth water supply volume, and the healthy growth that whether can ensure specific vegetation in order to the retaining wall spoil disposal area evaluating and testing ad hoc structure.
The present invention can be used for vegetation growth water supply volume and gear under multifactor condition such as the research gradient, rainfall intensity, thickness of earth covering, vegetation pattern etc. and be cut wall body of wall displacement relation, for vegetation recovery research and wall-retaining structure research provide a kind of new quantitative assessment mode.
Claims (6)
1. simulate retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water method of testing, it is characterized in that:
Test model is built according to the principle of similitude, described test model comprise rainfall simulator and corresponding arrange have simulation barricade (2) as the model groove (4) on border, simulation barricade (2) is provided with drain hole (1), the surface of simulation barricade (2) is provided with catch basin (3), model groove (4) end uniform spreading is filled with macadam (6), macadam (6) is upper for abandoning quarrel layer (7) in the acclive slope of tool, the upper overburden layer (8) for uniform thickness of quarrel layer (7) is abandoned on slope, catch basin (3) is not higher than the bottom position of overburden layer (8) side slope,
According to spoil disposal area geological condition and bearing stability energy, determine fractured-rock layer thickness, determine that the quarrel gradient sequence of layer and the thickness sequence of test overburden layer are abandoned in test slope;
By the numerical value number of gradient sequence and the model groove of numerical value making correspondence, the model groove (4) determined of the single gradient is divided equally by the numerical value number of overburden layer thickness sequence and numerical value correspondence and is made mini Mod groove (5), each mini Mod groove (5) corresponding is provided with at least one drain hole (1), and each mini Mod groove (5) in, serike seedling forms vegetation and the vegetation type adventitious plant of selecting the representative plant in the locality of Project Areas or species of not having to attack;
Rainfall data is surveyed for many years according to spoil disposal area location, rain making when operation rainfall simulator carries out corresponding sequential, intensity and holds, is collected slope runoff amount by catch basin (3), is collected barricade body of wall displacement by drain hole (1).
2. simulation retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water method of testing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the gradient sequence that quarrel layer (7) is abandoned on described slope is 30 °, 20 °, 10 °, 5 °.
3. simulation retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water method of testing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness sequence of described overburden layer (8) is 5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm.
4. simulation retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water method of testing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described macadam (6) thickness is 10cm ~ 20cm.
5. simulation retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water method of testing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: serike is one or more the mixing in ginkgo, masson pine, palm, flat bamboo.
6. simulation retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water method of testing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: test model and rainfall simulator are positioned over open area, the top of test model and rainfall simulator is erected with transparent plastic film isolation.
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| CN107100195A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-08-29 | 中铁十六局集团第三工程有限公司 | A kind of soft stratum spoil disposal area supporting and retaining system construction of prevention work structure |
| CN111812147A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-23 | 浙江大学 | Design method of soil heat-moisture coupling transfer modeling experiment containing heat source |
| CN113804860A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-17 | 四川大学 | Test model and test method for combined water storage and water retention maintenance of vegetation plate groove on stony desertification side slope |
| CN116773780A (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-09-19 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Vegetation slope soil seepage erosion experiment measurement system and measurement method |
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| CN111812147A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-23 | 浙江大学 | Design method of soil heat-moisture coupling transfer modeling experiment containing heat source |
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| CN113804860A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-17 | 四川大学 | Test model and test method for combined water storage and water retention maintenance of vegetation plate groove on stony desertification side slope |
| CN116773780A (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-09-19 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Vegetation slope soil seepage erosion experiment measurement system and measurement method |
| CN116773780B (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-12-08 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Vegetation slope soil seepage erosion experiment measurement system and measurement method |
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Inventor after: Fu Wenxi Inventor after: Lei Xiaozhang Inventor after: Wei Yufeng Inventor after: Xia Min Inventor after: Zhou Hongfu Inventor after: Ye Fei Inventor after: Chen Xiangdong Inventor after: Feng Di Inventor after: Wang Lei Inventor before: Fu Wenxi Inventor before: Lei Xiaozhang Inventor before: Wang Lei |
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