CN105369767B - Simulate retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water test method - Google Patents
Simulate retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105369767B CN105369767B CN201510638650.3A CN201510638650A CN105369767B CN 105369767 B CN105369767 B CN 105369767B CN 201510638650 A CN201510638650 A CN 201510638650A CN 105369767 B CN105369767 B CN 105369767B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
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Abstract
The present invention relates to ecological environment hydrotechnics research fields, disclose a kind of simulation retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water test method, test model is built according to the principle of similitude, the test model includes rainfall simulator has model slot of the simulation barricade as boundary with what is be correspondingly arranged, it is provided with osculum on simulation barricade, the surface of simulation barricade is provided with catch basin, uniformly paving is filled with metalling to model slot bottom, quarrel layer and overburden layer are abandoned in slope, and catch basin is not higher than the bottom position of overburden layer side slope；Come into operation multiple model slots simultaneously, and rainfall data is surveyed for many years according to spoil disposal area location, and the rainfall simulator of operational test models carries out rain making, collects surface runoff amount by catch basin, collects barricade wall displacement by osculum.The quantization test and evaluation of vegetation growth water requirement can be well realized in the present invention, provides engineering basis for the vegetation ecological recovery of spoil disposal area, and model test apparatus has reusability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological environment hydrotechnics field, especially a kind of vegetation growth of retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area
Water consumption research field.
Background technology
In ecological environment geotechnical engineering field, abandons quarrel because of the spoir that engineering construction generates and be widely present, it is due to work to abandon quarrel
Cubic metre of earth and stone excavation and filling is uneven in Cheng Jianshe and the superfluous resource that generates, the stability for the field that is cut drastically influence region environment
Benign cycle and sustainable development.It is crisp for quarrel field stability, slope texture, ecology about spoil disposal area main research at present
The spoil disposal area ecological recovery in weak area and slope surface soil erosion amount etc., the engineering control measure of existing spoil disposal area mainly has bank protection work
The contents such as journey, drainage system, barricade engineering, earth backing engineering, vegetation recovery engineering.
Water carries important function in terms of spoil disposal area stability.The seepage flow for abandoning water in the quarrel soil body increases the unstability of side slope
Risk.On the one hand, Tu Zhongshui reduces the skid resistance of quarrel body sliding；On the other hand, Tu Zhongshui increases the downslide of quarrel body sliding
Power.To keep quarrel field to stablize, the supporting barricade for offering osculum, osculum seepage flow are usually constructed according to quarrel body gliding direction
Lowering of watertable line avoids geological disaster to keep quarrel field to stablize.Meanwhile abandoning arbitrarily piling up also to region for quarrel
Ecological environment and biology inhabit habitat and cause to seriously threaten.Therefore, also particularly important to the revegetation of spoil disposal area, it is built in engineering
If while need to carry out revegetation, realize that engineering and natural harmony develop.
Spoil disposal area technology for recovering vegetation can be divided into recovery and reconstruction technique, the soil remediation skill of vegetation according to research contents
Art, prevention land deterioration technology, land reclamation technology, small watershed comprehensive improvement technology etc..And spoil disposal area revegetation and vegetation
Grow that water requirement is closely bound up, and the holding of vegetation growth water requirement with abandon in the soil body that is cut that there is close passes for the seepage flow of water
System.And the osculum design of existing supporting barricade often only considered barricade stability and intensity, have ignored water-retaining property appropriate
To maintain the basic water requirement of vegetation healthy growth.How balance barricade stability and revegetation water requirement between is maintained,
It needs to be studied accordingly.There is presently no the reports in relation to this kind of research.
Invention content
For field stability and the Ecological recovery technology combination of being preferably cut, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to carry
For a kind of simulation retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water test method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：Simulate retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth
With water test method, test model is built according to the principle of similitude, the test model includes rainfall simulator and is correspondingly arranged
Have model slot of the simulation barricade as boundary, be provided with osculum on simulation barricade, the surface for simulating barricade is provided with and catchments
Slot, uniformly paving is filled with metalling to model slot bottom, is to have acclive slope to abandon quarrel layer on metalling, it is uniform that slope, which is abandoned on quarrel layer,
The overburden layer of thickness, catch basin are not higher than the bottom position of overburden layer side slope；According to spoil disposal area geological condition and bearing stability
Can, it determines fractured-rock layer thickness, determines that the thickness of the gradient sequence and experiment earthing layer thickness of the quarrel layer gradient is abandoned in experiment with slope
Sequence；Corresponding model slot is made by the numerical value number and numerical value of gradient sequence, the model slot that the single gradient determines presses overburden layer
The numerical value number and numerical value of thickness sequence, which correspond to divide equally, makes mini Mod slot, and serike seedling is formed in each mini Mod slot
Vegetation and vegetation type select the representative plant in the locality of Project Areas or do not have the adventitious plant of species invasion；According to spoil disposal area institute
Rain making when rainfall data is surveyed on ground for many years, and operation rainfall simulator carries out corresponding sequential, intensity and holds, passes through
Catch basin collects slope runoff amount, collects barricade wall displacement by osculum.
The gradient sequence that quarrel layer is abandoned on the slope is 30 °, 20 °, 10 °, 5 °.
The thickness sequence of the overburden layer is 5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm.
The fractured-rock layer thickness is 10cm~20cm.
Serike is the mixing of one or more of ginkgo, masson pine, palm, flat bamboo.The above plant is west
The frequently seen plants in portion mountain area, when construction evaluation study for being particularly suitable for western mountainous areas, are applied.
Test model and rainfall simulator are positioned over open area, and the top of test model and rainfall simulator is set up
There is transparent plastic film isolation.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The quantization test and evaluation of vegetation growth water requirement can be well realized, for quarrel
The revegetation of field provides engineering basis, and model test apparatus has reusability.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of model slot used in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of rainfall simulator used in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of test method principle of the present invention.
In figure label for：1- osculums, 2- simulation barricades, 3- catch basins, 4- model slots, 5- mini Mod slots, 6- metallings,
7- abandons on slope quarrel layer, 8- overburden layers, 9- water meters, 10- control valves, 11- water pressure gauges, 12- nozzles, 13- branch pipes.α-the gradient, h- cover
Soil thickness.
Specific implementation mode
The following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, simulation retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water test method of the invention,
Test model is built according to the principle of similitude first, the test model includes rainfall simulator has simulation to keep off with what is be correspondingly arranged
Model slot 4 of the wall 2 as boundary simulates and is provided with osculum 1 on barricade 2, the construction of osculum and actual scene construction phase
Seemingly, the surface of simulation barricade 2 is provided with catch basin 3, and catch basin 3 abandons the side slope bottom position of quarrel layer 7 not higher than slope, for receiving
Collecting surface runoff, uniformly paving is filled with metalling 6 for the bottom of model slot 4, so that more preferable simulation abandons the geological state of quarrel stack-up-yard,
Quarrel layer 7 is abandoned for the slope with gradient α on metalling 6, to simulate spoil disposal area, covering for uniform thickness on quarrel layer 7 is abandoned on slope
Soil layer 8 is to planting plants；According to common spoil disposal area geological condition and design principle, determine that the thickness of metalling is 15cm,
It is whether abundant to evaluate vegetation growth water in order to study the growth conditions of vegetation under different condition, determine experiment slope
Abandon quarrel layer gradient sequence be 30 °, 20 °, 10 °, 5 °, determine the thickness sequence of experiment overburden layer be 5cm, 10cm, 20cm,
30cm、40cm；To save test period and paired observation, two groups of identical totally eight model slots are made, and be in axis pair by axis
Arrangement is referred to as two rows of, and often row is four model slots with different gradient, and each model slot is separated with transparent organic glass plate,
Five mini Mod slots 5 are divided into, paving fills out the rubble of 15cm thickness in each mini Mod slot 5, forms metalling 6, according to geotechnique
Testing regulations backfill is abandoned quarrel and formed, and there is the slope of the corresponding gradient to abandon quarrel layer 7, and the top paving that quarrel layer 7 is abandoned on slope fills out overburden layer 8,
Pay attention to 8 side slope of overburden layer bottom position should be not less than catch basin 3 position, thickness be respectively 5cm, 10cm, 20cm,
30cm、40cm；The uniform spreading grass-seed in each mini Mod slot 5, and spoil disposal area aheap advantage vegetation is chosen, such as ginkgo, horse
The common vegetation in the western mountainous areas such as tail pine is planted form vegetation in each mini Mod slot of two rows of model slots respectively.
Ceiling is set up in test site, excludes natural precipitation interference, rainfall simulator, rainfall simulator are installed in ceiling
Including water meter 9, control valve 10 and the water pressure gauge 11 on manifold, two branch pipes 13 are connected after manifold, are equipped on every branch pipe 13
One row's nozzle 12, the branch pipe are located above every row's model slot central axes.
Within a test period, rainfall data, the rainfall of operational test models are surveyed according to spoil disposal area location for many years
Simulator carries out rain making, collects surface runoff amount by catch basin 3, collects barricade wall displacement by osculum 1,
Routine observation records the upgrowth situation of vegetation.
After the completion of a test period, the plant of plantation is replaced, such as palm, flat bamboo, repeats the above experiment.Ginkgo, horse
Tail pine, palm and flat bamboo are the common vegetation in western mountainous areas, therefore test the representative and property of can refer to above.
The above experiment under conditions of ignoring the influence of the factors such as transpiration effect, atmospheric humidity, temperature, can make with
Lower hypothesis：Rainfall is the sum of surface runoff amount, barricade wall displacement and vegetation growth water consumption, then by testing step above
Suddenly, the relationship between vegetation growth water consumption and surface runoff amount, barricade wall displacement under the conditions of single argument can be studied,
Evaluation vegetation growth water consumption is connect, and whether the retaining wall spoil disposal area that can be used to evaluate and test specific structure can ensure specific vegetation
Healthy growth.
The present invention can be used for studying the gradient, rainfall intensity, thickness of earth covering, vegetation pattern etc. it is multifactor under the conditions of vegetation growth
Water consumption drains magnitude relation with gear quarrel wall wall, and a kind of quantifying and comment newly is provided for revegetation research and barrier wall structure research
Valence mode.
Claims (2)
1. retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water test method is simulated, it is characterized in that：
Test model is built according to the principle of similitude, the test model includes rainfall simulator has simulation to keep off with what is be correspondingly arranged
Model slot (4) of the wall (2) as boundary, simulates and is provided with osculum (1) on barricade (2), and the surface of simulation barricade (2) is provided with
Catch basin (3), uniformly paving is filled with metalling (6) at model slot (4) bottom, is to have acclive slope to abandon quarrel layer on metalling (6)
(7), the overburden layer (8) for uniform thickness on quarrel layer (7) is abandoned on slope, and catch basin (3) is not higher than the bottom position of overburden layer (8) side slope
It sets；
According to spoil disposal area geological condition and bearing stability energy, determines metalling (6) thickness, determine that experiment abandons quarrel layer with slope
(7) thickness sequence of gradient sequence and experiment overburden layer (8)；
Wherein, metalling (6) thickness be 10cm~20cm, the slope abandon quarrel layer (7) gradient sequence be 30 °, 20 °,
10 °, 5 °, the thickness sequence of the overburden layer (8) is 5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm；
Corresponding model slot is made by the numerical value number and numerical value of gradient sequence, the model slot (4) that the single gradient determines presses earthing
The numerical value number and numerical value of thickness degree series, which correspond to divide equally, makes mini Mod slot (5), each corresponding mini Mod slot (5) is provided with
At least one osculum (1), the plant that vegetation and plantation are formed in the interior serike seedling of each mini Mod slot (5) be ginkgo,
The mixing of one or more of masson pine, palm, flat bamboo；
Rainfall data is surveyed for many years according to spoil disposal area location, and operation rainfall simulator carries out corresponding sequential, intensity and holds
When rain making, slope runoff amount is collected by catch basin (3), passes through osculum (1) and collects barricade wall displacement.
2. simulation retaining wall earthing spoil disposal area vegetation growth water test method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Examination
It tests model and rainfall simulator is positioned over open area, the top of test model and rainfall simulator is erected with transparent plastic
Film is isolated.
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| CN105369767B true CN105369767B (en) | 2018-08-07 |
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| CN107100195B (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2023-01-31 | 中铁十六局集团第三工程有限公司 | Retaining protection construction structure for soft stratum waste residue field |
| CN111812147B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-03-22 | 浙江大学 | Design method of soil heat-moisture coupling transfer modeling experiment containing heat source |
| CN113804860B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-10-25 | 四川大学 | Test model and test method for combined water storage and water retention maintenance of vegetation plate groove on stony desertification side slope |
| CN116773780B (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-12-08 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Vegetation slope soil seepage erosion experiment measurement system and measurement method |
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| DE202011109910U1 (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2012-07-02 | Sächsisches Textilforschungsinstitut e.V. | Apparatus for evaluating the disintegration of nonwovens in fluid media |
| CN102401825B (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2014-06-18 | 华北电力大学 | Integrated slope runoff simulation and monitoring device |
| CN102393312B (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2013-09-18 | 刘元雪 | Side slope tunnel coupling simulation test system and application method thereof |
| CN102976557B (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-25 | 华东师范大学 | Underground percolation and purification simulating device of urban natural type bank belt rainfall radial flow |
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Inventor after: Fu Wenxi Inventor after: Lei Xiaozhang Inventor after: Wei Yufeng Inventor after: Xia Min Inventor after: Zhou Hongfu Inventor after: Ye Fei Inventor after: Chen Xiangdong Inventor after: Feng Di Inventor after: Wang Lei Inventor before: Fu Wenxi Inventor before: Lei Xiaozhang Inventor before: Wang Lei |
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