The system of the organic waste catalytic pyrolysis gasification with built-in dust arrester
Technical field
This utility model is related to chemical field, more particularly to a kind of catalysis of the organic waste with built-in dust arrester pyrolysis
The system of gasification.
Background technology
With the continuous improvement of living standard, the yield of house refuse is also all therewith to be increased, and garbage disposal has become one
Individual problem demanding prompt solution.
At present, the processing mode of organic waste is mainly based on burning, compost, landfill, recycling etc..Wherein, rubbish
Burning can produce violent in toxicity bioxin , bioxin remove cost it is high, burning method not only causes certain environment and health problem,
Also result in certain economic loss;Garbage compost is primarily adapted for use in changing food waste, as China's rubbish is classified, and rubbish
The rubbish compost treatment time is longer, can only alleviate garbage problem;Garbage loading embeading can change soil property, produce underground heat, and then cause
Soil cannot growing plant.
Organic waste is carried out into pyrolysis processing, is to realize organic waste resource, the maximally effective side of innoxious, minimizing
Formula, while also produce Wu bioxin, with certain economic benefit.However, current refuse pyrolysis technology generally existing treating capacity
Low, dustiness is high, the problem of high energy consumption.
Utility model content
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, this utility model aims to provide a kind of organic waste with built-in dust arrester and urges
The system for changing pyrolytic gasification.The system can effectively extract the energy substance in organic waste, and reduce the dustiness of thermal decomposition product,
With higher efficiency of energy utilization.
The utility model discloses a kind of system of the organic waste catalytic pyrolysis gasification with built-in dust arrester, described
System includes:Reactor, cyclone separator, first-class heat exchanger;
The reactor has organic waste entrance, pyrolysis gas outlet, pyrolytic carbon outlet;
The cyclone separator has pyrolysis gas entrance, and the pyrolysis gas entrance is used to receive by the pyrolysis gas of the reactor
The pyrolysis gas that outlet is discharged;
The first-class heat exchanger has pyrolytic carbon entrance, and the pyrolytic carbon entrance is used to receive by the pyrolytic carbon of the reactor
The pyrolytic carbon that outlet is discharged;
Wherein, with the dividing plate arranged along the height for reactor direction in the reactor, the dividing plate will be described anti-
Device is answered to be divided into pyrolysis zone and dedusting area;The pyrolysis zone and the dedusting area bottom communicate;
Catalyst jetting device is provided with the top of the pyrolysis zone;
The reactor has side wall a positioned opposite and side wall a ', wherein, the dedusting area includes institute positioned opposite
State side wall a and the dividing plate;Also, multiple swash plates are disposed with the side wall a and the dividing plate;
The swash plate has end b and end b ', and its medial end portions b is fixed on the dividing plate or the side wall a, end b '
Vacantly;The end b of two adjacent swash plates is separately fixed on the dividing plate and the side wall a so that described two adjacent
Swash plate is arranged in a crossed manner.
Further, the swash plate in the reactor and the angle of horizontal direction are 45 °~75 °.
Further, the swash plate in the horizontal direction be projected as the 4/5~9/10 of the dedusting sector width.
Further, the end b ' of the swash plate and the vertical dimension of the dividing plate of opposite side or the side wall a are institute
State the 1/10~1/5 of dedusting sector width.
Further, the angle between described two adjacent swash plates is 30 °~90 °.
Further, the dedusting area cross-sectional area is the 1/32~1/4 of the pyrolysis zone cross-sectional area.
Further, the bottom of the dividing plate is provided with level-sensing device;The level-sensing device it is vertical with the dividing plate lower end away from
From for 100~500 ㎜.
Further, the top of the catalyst jetting device is provided with feed auger;The feed auger is urged with described
The vertical dimension of agent jetting device is 200~500 ㎜.
Further, radial canal is provided with from top to bottom in the pyrolysis zone;The radial canal and fuel gas inlet and flue gas
Outlet connection.
In above-mentioned system, including pyrolysis gas unit, pyrolytic carbon unit, flue gas unit;
Reactor that the pyrolysis gas unit includes being sequentially connected, cyclone separator, secondary heat exchanger, secondary drying device,
Purifier, gas holder, fuel gas inlet;
Reactor that the pyrolytic carbon unit includes being sequentially connected, first-class heat exchanger, coke quencher;
Reactor that the flue gas unit includes being sequentially connected, first-class heat exchanger, secondary heat exchanger, one-level exsiccator.
This utility model can effectively extract the energy substance in organic waste, using built-in dust arrester, effectively can reduce
The dustiness of pyrolysis gas, enormously simplify subsequent treatment operation.Sensible heat inside this utility model utilisation system, to organic waste
Process is dried, efficiency of energy utilization is high.
Catalyst jetting device can spray into catalyst in reactor and organic waste is mixed uniformly simultaneously, help
Machine rubbish realizes uniform distribution.
This utility model treatment scale is big, is conducive to commercial Application.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system stream of the organic waste catalytic pyrolysis gasification with built-in dust arrester in this utility model embodiment
Journey schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the schematic device of pyrolysis reactor in this utility model embodiment.
Reference in accompanying drawing is as follows:
1st, one-level rotary kiln;
2nd, two-stage rotary kiln exsiccator;
3rd, feed bin;
4th, feed auger;
5th, pyrolysis reactor;5a, pyrolysis zone;5b, dedusting area;5-1, radial canal;5-2, fuel gas inlet;5-3, pyrolysis gas go out
Mouthful;5-4, swash plate;5-5, dividing plate;5-6, exhanst gas outlet;5-7, level-sensing device;
6th, catalyst jetting device;
7th, whirlwind cyclone separator;
8th, grey room;
9th, discharge spiral;
10th, first-class heat exchanger;
11st, secondary heat exchanger;
12nd, coke quencher;
13rd, purifier;
14th, gas holder.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in more details, with
Just better understood when the advantage of scheme of the present utility model and its various aspects.However, specific implementations described below
Mode and embodiment are only descriptive purposes, rather than to restriction of the present utility model.
The organic waste that this utility model has built-in dust arrester can be urged by the schematic flow sheet according to Fig. 1
The system for changing pyrolytic gasification is divided into three units:Pyrolysis gas unit, pyrolytic carbon unit, flue gas unit.
This utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the flow chart of three units.
1. it is pyrolysis gas unit includes being sequentially connected reactor, cyclone separator, secondary heat exchanger, secondary drying device, net
Makeup is put, gas holder, fuel gas inlet.
In this utility model embodiment, said apparatus are respectively pyrolysis reactor 5, cyclone separator 7, secondary heat exchanger
11st, two-stage rotary kiln exsiccator 2, purifier 13, gas holder 14, fuel gas inlet 5-2.
I is described to pyrolysis reactor 5 herein first:
From Figure 2 it can be seen that pyrolysis reactor 5 is square shape vertical structure, and the main view profile of top and bottom is ladder
Shape.
Dividing plate 5-5 is provided with pyrolysis reactor 5, which is arranged along the short transverse of reactor, by reactor longitudinal subdivision
For two regions:Pyrolysis zone 5a and dedusting area 5b.Also, pyrolysis zone 5a is connected with the bottom of dedusting area 5b.
There is in the reactor of this utility model embodiment side wall a and side wall a '.Also, side wall a and side wall a ' are with respect to cloth
Put, wall a and dividing plate 5-5 are positioned opposite for side, dividing plate 5-5 and side wall a ' are also positioned opposite.I.e. in square shape vertical of the present utility model
In reactor, side wall a, dividing plate 5-5, side wall a ' are parallel to each other.
Also, dedusting area 5b includes side wall a and dividing plate 5-5, pyrolysis zone 5a includes dividing plate 5-5 and side wall a '.
On side the wall a and dividing plate 5-5 of dedusting area 5b, multiple swash plate 5-4 have been evenly arranged from bottom to top.Which is in side wall a
M and n is respectively with the quantity on dividing plate 5-5.Herein, the numerical value representated by m and n can be the same or different.
Each swash plate 5-4 has two ends, is respectively designated as end b and end b '.Wherein, end b is fixed on side wall a
Or on dividing plate 5-5, b ' in end is vacantly in the 5b of dedusting area.Also, when the end b of swash plate 5-4 is fixed on the wall a of side, its phase
The end b of adjacent swash plate 5-4 is each attached on dividing plate 5-5 so that the adjacent swash plate 5-4 of each two is presented side arranged in a crossed manner
Formula.
In this utility model embodiment, the width of dedusting area 5b is W, and dedusting area 5b cross-sectional areas are pyrolysis zone 5a cross sections
Long-pending 1/32~1/4.
In the present embodiment, swash plate 5-4 is 45 °~75 ° with the angle of horizontal direction.Also, swash plate 5-4 is in the horizontal direction
Projection be 4/5W~9/10W.
The vertical dimension of the end b ' of the swash plate 5-4 and dividing plate 5-5 of opposite side or side wall a is 1/10W~1/5W.
The scope of the angle between the adjacent swash plate 5-4 of each two is 30 °~90 °.
On the swash plate 5-4 of the top arranged on the wall a of side, pyrolysis oil gas vent 5-3 is provided with.
Multiple radial canal 5-1 are provided with the 5a of pyrolysis zone, its layer distributed from top to bottom in the 5a of pyrolysis zone.Radial canal 5-
1 two ends are connected with fuel gas inlet 5-2 and exhanst gas outlet 5-6 respectively, and fuel gas inlet 5-2 is arranged on pyrolysis zone 5a sides,
And exhanst gas outlet 5-6 is arranged on dedusting area 5b sides, and it is located at bottom.
In this utility model embodiment, pyrolysis reactor 5 includes feed bin 3, feed auger 4, catalyst jetting device 6.Its
Middle catalyst jetting device 6 is positioned at the top of pyrolysis zone 5a.Feed auger 4 is located at the surface of catalyst jetting device 6, feed bin
3 lower end, is connected with organic waste entrance.Vertical dimension between feed auger 4 and catalyst jetting device 6 is 200~500
㎜.Meanwhile, feed bin 3 is connected with two-stage rotary kiln exsiccator 2, one-level rotary kiln 1 successively.
The trapezoidal portions of pyrolysis zone 5a bottoms are provided with level-sensing device 5-7, and which is 100 with vertical dimension H of dividing plate 5-5 lower ends
~500 ㎜.Level-sensing device 5-7 bottoms are provided with discharging spiral 9, and the spiral 9 that discharges is connected with the pyrolytic carbon outlet of 5 bottom of pyrolysis reactor
Connect.Also, exhanst gas outlet 5-6 is located on discharging spiral 9.
The pyrolytic reaction process carried out in II pyrolysis reactor 5 is as follows:
The particle diameter of organic waste materials is 0.1~10 ㎜, and moisture content is less than 50%, which is transported to one-level successively and is returned
In rotary kiln exsiccator 1, two-stage rotary kiln exsiccator 2, it is dried to moisture content and is less than 15%.Then by dried organic rubbish
Rubbish is transported in feed bin 3, is delivered in the 5a of pyrolysis zone by organic waste entrance, wherein radiating in the presence of feed auger 4
The temperature of pipe is 650~800 DEG C.Meanwhile, catalyst jetting device 6 is opened, and catalyst is sprayed into in the 5a of pyrolysis zone.Organic waste
Catalytic pyrolysis gasification reaction is carried out, high temperature pyrolysis charcoal and pyrolysis gas are obtained.
In this utility model embodiment, from catalyst jetting device 6 to pyrolysis zone 5a in the catalyst that sprays into be CaO,
MgO、Na2CO3、K2CO3In one or more.And it is 5wt%~20wt% that the amount of catalyst accounts for the percentage ratio of organic waste
(wt% is mass percent).Catalyst is by the way of spraying into, it is possible to achieve catalyst is mixed with the uniform of organic waste.And
And, organic waste can be helped when falling via feed auger 4, the uniform distribution in the 5a of pyrolysis zone is realized.
The temperature of pyrolysis gas is 450~550 DEG C, and the position that its Jing pyrolysis zones 5a and dedusting area 5b bottoms communicate is via pyrolysis
Area 5a is run into the 5b of dedusting area.Pyrolysis gas are constantly collided with the swash plate 5-4 in the 5b of dedusting area, and dust therein will
5 bottom of pyrolysis reactor is drop to, so as to preliminary dedusting can be carried out to pyrolysis gas.
Efficiency of dust collection >=85wt%s of the dedusting area 5b built-in in pyrolysis reactor 5 to pyrolysis gas.
The pyrolysis gas of rough dusting are discharged via pyrolysis gas outlet 5-3, and are transported in cyclone separator 7, enter traveling one
The separation dedusting of step.The dust for being deposited on bottom is expelled in grey room 8.
Pyrolysis gas after the dedusting of upper strata are expelled in secondary heat exchanger 11 via the gas outlet on 7 top of cyclone separator, with
Flue gas therein is exchanged heat.
Pyrolysis gas after heat exchange are transported in two-stage rotary kiln exsiccator 2 via the gas outlet of secondary heat exchanger 11, right
Organic waste materials therein carry out secondary drying.Meanwhile, organic waste materials can also carry out filtration treatment to pyrolysis gas.
Then, pyrolysis gas are transported in purifier 13 by the gas outlet of two-stage rotary kiln exsiccator 2.Heat after purification
Vent one's spleen and be stored in gas holder 14, can be transported in radial canal 5-1 via fuel gas inlet 5-2, be that pyrolysis reactor 5 provides heat
Amount.
As pyrolysis gas temperature is higher and has corrosivity, therefore, what the material of swash plate 5-4 was selected is high temperature resistant and resistance to
The rustless steel of corrosion.Meanwhile, dividing plate 5-5 is made by stainless steel material that is heat-resisting and readily conducting heat so that pyrolysis zone 5a
Heat can be for delivery in the 5b of dedusting area, it is to avoid pyrolysis gas are condensed in the 5b of dedusting area.
2. pyrolytic carbon unit includes being sequentially connected reactor, first-class heat exchanger, coke quencher.
In this utility model embodiment, above-mentioned each device is respectively pyrolysis reactor 5, first-class heat exchanger 10, coke quencher 12.
The high temperature pyrolysis charcoal temperature that above-mentioned 1. middle pyrolytic reaction is obtained be 500~800 DEG C, with pyrolytic reaction carrying out by
Gradually heap is to 5 bottom of pyrolysis reactor.When the high temperature pyrolysis charcoal piled up highly reaches level-sensing device 5-7 tops, start discharging spiral
9;When high temperature pyrolysis charcoal height reduction is to level-sensing device 5-7 bottoms, discharging spiral 9 is closed, stops discharging.
High temperature pyrolysis charcoal via discharging spiral 9 discharge after, be transported in first-class heat exchanger 10, and with low temperature therein
Flue gas is exchanged heat, and is caused high temperature pyrolysis charcoal temperature to reduce, is obtained 200~350 DEG C of low temperature pyrogenation charcoal, be then stored at quenching
In room 12.
3. flue gas unit includes being sequentially connected reactor, first-class heat exchanger, secondary drying device, one-level exsiccator.
In this utility model embodiment, said apparatus are respectively pyrolysis reactor 5, first-class heat exchanger 10, secondary heat exchanger
11st, one-level rotary kiln 1.
The low-temperature flue gas temperature discharged by the exhanst gas outlet 5-6 of radial canal 5-1 is 80~150 DEG C.Low-temperature flue gas successively by
Be transported in first-class heat exchanger 10, secondary heat exchanger 11, respectively with first-class heat exchanger 10 in high temperature pyrolysis charcoal and secondary heat exchange
Pyrolysis gas in device 11 are exchanged heat, flue gas after being heated up, and its temperature is 150~210 DEG C.
Then, will heat up during rear flue gas is delivered to back one-level rotary kiln exsiccator 1 carries out one to organic waste materials therein
Level dried.
Embodiment
From particle diameter≤3 ㎜, moisture content for 48wt% organic waste as raw material, organic waste is transported to one successively
It is dried in level rotary kiln 1, two-stage rotary kiln drying dry 2, dried organic waste moisture content is 15wt%.
Dried organic waste is delivered in feed bin 3, is transported in the 5a of pyrolysis zone by feed auger 4, wherein radiating
The temperature of pipe 5-1 is 700 DEG C.Meanwhile, to open catalyst jetting device 6 CaO powder is sprayed into in the 5a of pyrolysis zone, straying quatity occupies
The 10wt% of machine quantity of refuse.Organic waste carries out catalytic pyrolysis gasification reaction, obtains high temperature pyrolysis charcoal and pyrolysis gas.
High temperature pyrolysis carbon build-up is discharged to 5 bottom of pyrolysis reactor by level-sensing device 5-7 controls, is discharged by discharging spiral 9
Into first-class heat exchanger 10.
Pyrolysis gas temperature be 550 DEG C, being run by pyrolysis zone 5a carries out rough dusting into the 5b of dedusting area, then successively via
Cyclone separator 7, secondary heat exchanger 11, two-stage rotary kiln exsiccator 2, purifier 13 are processed, and the pyrolysis gas for obtaining are stored in
In gas holder 14.Pyrolysis gas can be transported in radial canal 5-1 via fuel gas inlet 5-2, for providing heat.
The temperature that radial canal 5-1 is discharged is 120 DEG C of low-temperature flue gas, is transported to 10, two grades of first-class heat exchanger successively and changes
In hot device 11, heat exchange intensification is carried out with wherein high temperature pyrolysis charcoal, pyrolysis gas respectively, flue gas after being heated up, temperature are 200 DEG C.
High temperature pyrolysis charcoal is stored in coke quencher 12 Jing after heat exchange cooling.
After intensification, flue gas carries out one-level drying to organic waste in being transported to one-level rotary kiln 1.Pyrolysis gas are used for
In two-stage rotary kiln exsiccator 2, the organic waste to being dried through one-level carries out secondary drying.
The beneficial effect that the embodiment is obtained is shown in following each table.
1 products distribution of table
Pyrolysis gas/% |
Pyrolytic carbon/% |
Pyrolysis water/% |
50.8 |
26.5 |
22.7 |
(remarks:% is mass percent)
Pyrolysis gas dustiness contrast before and after 2 dedusting of table
Pyrolysis gas dustiness before dedusting |
Pyrolysis gas dustiness after dedusting |
144g/Nm3 |
15g/Nm3 |
From Tables 1 and 2, this utility model embodiment can effectively extract the energy substance in organic waste, and have
There are preferably dust removing effects.
It should be noted that each embodiment above by reference to described by accompanying drawing is only to illustrate this utility model rather than limit
Scope of the present utility model is made, it will be understood by those within the art that, without departing from spirit of the present utility model and model
The modification carried out to this utility model on the premise of enclosing or equivalent, all should cover within the scope of this utility model.
Additionally, unless the context outside indication, the word for occurring in the singular includes plural form, and vice versa.In addition, removing non-specifically
Explanation, then any embodiment all or part of can with reference to any other embodiment all or part of using.