CN104524908B - A kind of film dust arrester and utilize the pyrolytic process of coal of this film dust arrester - Google Patents
A kind of film dust arrester and utilize the pyrolytic process of coal of this film dust arrester Download PDFInfo
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- CN104524908B CN104524908B CN201410728674.3A CN201410728674A CN104524908B CN 104524908 B CN104524908 B CN 104524908B CN 201410728674 A CN201410728674 A CN 201410728674A CN 104524908 B CN104524908 B CN 104524908B
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Abstract
Film dust arrester disclosed by the invention comprises inertial dust collection room, film dirt pocket, purge gas heater, and at least one film dust removing tube, top, described inertial dust collection room is provided with dust-laden gas inlet, bottom is provided with the first dust outlet, described film dirt pocket top is provided with clean gas outlet, bottom is provided with the second dust outlet, film dust removing tube is located in film dirt pocket cavity, described purge gas heater is communicated with film dust removing tube, it is characterized in that, described inertial dust collection room and film dirt pocket share a sidewall, sidewall is provided with at least one sidewall opening, relatively with dust-laden gas inlet in inertial dust collection chamber body be provided with baffle plate.The pyrolytic process of coal utilizes film dust arrester to realize coal gas of high temperature dust separation.Solve tar, a difficult problem that dust content of gas is large, utilize multitube rotary kiln to achieve complete pyrolysis to 0-20mm fine coal, obtain the product of high-quality, oil-washing apparatus effectively reduces the phenol content in waste water.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of dust arrester and the pyrolytic process in low-order coal upgrading field, especially a kind of film dust arrester and utilize the pyrolytic process of coal of this film dust arrester.
Background technology
The pyrolysis of coal is also referred to as coal carbonization and thermal decomposition, refer to that coal heats under the condition of isolated air, there is the complex process of a series of physical change and chemical reaction in coal, its result generates the products such as gas (coal gas), liquid (coal tar), solid (semicoke or coke) at different temperatures.Pyrolysis is the committed step that coal transforms, and coal gasification, liquefaction, coking and burning all will be passed through or pyrolytic process occurs.Low temperature pyrogenation technology is because becoming with the feature of relatively mild condition extracting liq fuels and chemicals from coal the problem that energy industry competitively studies.For the feature that low-order coal volatility is higher, have developed multiple low temperature pyrogenation technology both at home and abroad at present.
Typical low-order coal pyrolytic process comprises: upright side's stove pyrolytic process, solid heat carrier method fast pyrolysis process, multistage rotary furnace technique (patent publication No.: CN1066459A) etc.Upright side's stove pyrolytic process is comparatively ripe pyrolytic process, but main being used as produces blue charcoal, requires that raw coal size is greater than 20mm, cannot process below 20mm fine coal, and there is the problems such as tar yield is low, gas quality is poor; Although solid heat carrier rapid pyrolysis technique has the advantage that the rate of heat addition is fast, energy utilization efficiency is higher, there is the Homogeneous phase mixing of heat carrier and coal, the continuous circulation of heat carrier runs and reasonable distribution problem; Multistage rotary furnace technique is owing to adopting single-cylinder type rotary kiln as main frame, and heat exchange area is little, and treating capacity is low; And, above pyrolysis of coal technology is substantially all in pilot scale or Industrial demonstration stage, there is no the running technology of extensive industrialization, main cause is: the high-temperature coke oil gas that pyrolysis produces is difficult to realize efficiently being separated with the dust that it is carried secretly, bring equipment and line clogging problem, pyrolysis system is difficult to realize continuous operation, hinders the popularization of pyrolytic technique.
Summary of the invention
For solving the coal gas, the tar dustiness hang-up that exist in above-mentioned low-temperature pyrolysis of coal process, realizing the low temperature pyrogenation for fine coal simultaneously, the invention provides a kind of film dust arrester and utilizing the pyrolytic process of coal of this film dust arrester.This technique adopts the film dust arrester of independent research to solve tar, a difficult problem that dust content of gas is large, multitube rotary kiln is utilized to achieve complete pyrolysis to 0-20mm fine coal, obtain the product of high-quality, adopt the oil-washing apparatus of independent research, effectively reduce the phenol content in waste water.
A kind of film dust arrester, comprise inertial dust collection room 202, film dirt pocket 205, purge gas heater 208, and at least one film dust removing tube 206, top, described inertial dust collection room 202 is provided with dust-laden gas inlet 201, bottom is provided with the first dust outlet 211, described film dirt pocket 205 top is provided with clean gas outlet 207, bottom is provided with the second dust outlet 212, film dust removing tube 206 is located in film dirt pocket 205 cavity, described purge gas heater 208 is communicated with film dust removing tube 206, it is characterized in that, described inertial dust collection room 202 shares a sidewall 209 with film dirt pocket 205, sidewall 209 is provided with at least one sidewall opening 210, relatively with dust-laden gas inlet 201 in the cavity of inertial dust collection room 202 be provided with baffle plate 203.
Film dust arrester as above, is characterized in that, described sidewall opening 210 is located at the top of sidewall 209.
Film dust arrester as above, is characterized in that, be also provided with the blowback air body cavity 213 be communicated with film dust removing tube 206 in described film dirt pocket 205 cavity, this blowback air body cavity 213 is communicated with purge gas heater 208.
Film dust arrester as above, is characterized in that, described blowback air body cavity 213 is located at the top in film dirt pocket 205 cavity.
Film dust arrester as above, is characterized in that, its housing exterior walls is provided with heating device 204, described heating device 204 be electric tracing or high-temperature flue gas companion heat any one.
A pyrolytic process for coal, is characterized in that, utilizes any one above-mentioned film dust arrester to realize coal gas of high temperature dust separation, comprises the following steps:
1) dried raw coal enters mixer 3, and in mixer 3, raw coal mixes with the high-temperature semi-coke exported from multitube rotary retorting machine 4, raw coal rapid temperature increases;
2) after blending, the mixture of raw coal and semicoke enters pyrolysis in multitube rotary retorting machine 4 through feeding spiral conveyer.In multitube rotary retorting machine 4 pyrolysis produce high-temperature semi-coke, burnt oil and gas, semicoke from multitube rotary retorting machine 4 discharging portion discharge, a semicoke part for discharge delivers to 1) in mixer, another part enter cold burnt machine 11 process after as product;
3) in cold burnt machine 11, discharge from cold burnt machine 11 discharging portion after high-temperature semi-coke and the heat exchange of circulating nitrogen gas counter current contacting cool;
4) circulating nitrogen gas enters cold burnt machine 11 from the discharge end of cold burnt machine 11, after high-temperature semi-coke heat temperature raising in cold burnt machine 11, discharges from cold burnt machine 11 feed end; High temperature circulation nitrogen enters semicoke deduster 12, the semicoke dust in separation of nitrogen; High temperature nitrogen after dedusting enters nitrogen waste heat retracting device 13 and lowers the temperature, and then boosts through nitrogen circulation blower fan 14, sends cold burnt machine 11 discharge end back to;
5) dust-laden coal gas is discharged from multitube rotary retorting machine 4 discharging portion, and through heat tracing pipe road, enter film dust arrester 7, the semicoke dust in dust-laden coal gas is separated to get off, and enters cold burnt machine 11.Clean gas after film dust removing tube 206 filters is discharged from the clean gas outlet 207 at film dust arrester 7 top, enters oil-washing apparatus 8; Clean gas enters bottom oil scrubber 31, discharges, enter coal gas subsequent purification system from oil scrubber 31 top;
6) higher from the heat smoke temperature of multitube rotary retorting machine 4 discharge, after fume afterheat device 9 reclaims heat, discharged by smoke induced draught fan 10.
The pyrolytic process of a kind of coal as above, is characterized in that, in described step 5), the dust removal step of film dust arrester 7 is as follows:
1) dust-laden coal gas enters in inertial dust collection room 202 from dust-laden gas inlet 201 and collides with baffle plate 203, and part dust is attached on baffle plate 203 under the effect of inertia, and is discharged by the first dust outlet 211 bottom droping under gravity;
2) coal gas after inertial dust collection enters film dirt pocket 205, clean gas is through film dust removing tube 206, the semicoke dust of the overwhelming majority >=0.1 in coal gas μm is attached to the outer surface of film dust removing tube 206, under the effect of purge gas, semi-coke powder dirt removes from film dust removing tube 206 outer surface, drop to bottom film dirt pocket 205 and is discharged by the second dust outlet 212; Purge gas jets to prevent tar at film dust removing tube 206 surface condensation after purge gas heater 208 heats again; Clean gas after film dust removing tube 206 filters is discharged from clean gas outlet 207;
The pyrolytic process of a kind of coal as above, is characterized in that, described in enter the dust-laden gas temperature of dust-laden gas inlet 201 at 450 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C; Described purge gas is nitrogen, and purge gas is through purge gas heater 208 temperature after heating at 350 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C, and pressure is at 0.2MPa ~ 1.0MPa; The material of described film dust removing tube 206 is pottery or intermetallic based compound; Companion's hot temperature degree of described film dust arrester 7 housing exterior walls is at 350 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C.
The pyrolytic process of a kind of coal as above, is characterized in that, described oil-washing apparatus 8 adopts oil washing oil or tar washing oil as circulation cleaning agent, and the described clean gas temperature entered bottom oil scrubber 31 is at 450 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C; The gas temperature of discharging from oil scrubber 31 top is at 105 DEG C ~ 130 DEG C; Washing oil temperature after wash cooling is at 80 DEG C ~ 120 DEG C.
The pyrolytic process of a kind of coal as above, is characterized in that, described multitube rotary retorting machine 4 is external-heat multitube rotary retorting machine.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, film dedusting technology improves tar quality.The gas solid separation technology of current coal gas is cyclone dust removal, and efficiency of dust collection is low, causes the tar dust content of collection too high, inferior quality.This process system devises film dust arrester, and can filter most semicoke dust (>=0.1 μm) in dust-laden coal gas, efficiency of dust collection is up to more than 99.9%.Film dust arrester integrates inertial dust collection and film dedusting, not only can process the higher coal gas of dust content, and reduce equipment cooling area; Meanwhile, purge gas is heated to enter in film dust removing tube again after more than 400 DEG C, effectively to avoid in coal gas tar in the condensation of film dust removing tube outer wall.
2, Phenol for Waste Water content is low.Current coal gas condensation procedure all adopts washing treatment process, and because of outlet temperature low (≤60 DEG C), the phenol too high levels in waste water, intractability and cost remain high.This process system adopts oil wash treatment process, and the strict delivery temperature controlling oil scrubber, can wash most phenol in washing oil, significantly reduce the phenol content in waste water, reduce processing cost.
3, discharge of wastewater is few.Process of the present invention be the fine coal of 0-20mm, be easy to drying process coupling, the moisture of the overwhelming majority in raw coal can be removed at drying process, greatly reduce pyrogenic processes wastewater discharge.
4, unit volume treating capacity is large.Compared with similar common rotary dry distillation technology, because multitube rotary retorting machine adopts multi-tube structure, heat exchange area is larger, and space availability ratio is higher, and unit volume heat transfer intensity is higher, and unit volume treating capacity is larger.
5, nitrogen circulation quenching, energy-saving effect is remarkable.This technique adopts nitrogen and high-temperature semi-coke direct contact heat transfer mode, realizes, to the cooling of semicoke, belonging to dry coke quenching.Compared with traditional water-cooled quenching, this technique has reclaimed the heat in high-temperature semi-coke, and does not produce waste water.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart utilizing the pyrolytic process of coal system of film dust arrester provided by the invention;
Wherein 1, combustion gas furnace; 2, coal bunker; 3, mixer; 4, multitube rotary retorting machine; 5, horizontal conveyer; 6, vertical conveyor; 7, film dust arrester; 8, oil-washing apparatus; 9, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus; 10, smoke induced draught fan; 11, cold burnt machine; 12, semicoke deduster; 13, nitrogen waste heat retracting device; 14, nitrogen circulation blower fan.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of film dust arrester 7 provided by the invention;
Wherein 201, dust-laden gas inlet; 202, inertial dust collection room; 203, baffle plate; 204, heating device; 205, film dirt pocket; 206, film dust removing tube; 207, clean gas outlet; 208, purge gas heater; 209, sidewall; 210, sidewall opening; 211, the first dust outlet; 212, the second dust outlet.
Fig. 3 is oil-washing apparatus 8 schematic diagram provided by the invention;
Wherein 31, oil scrubber; 32, oil cooler; 33, circulating oil tank; 34, oil circulating pump.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described.
See accompanying drawing 2, a kind of film dust arrester provided by the invention, is made up of two large divisions, is respectively inertial dust collection room 202 and film dirt pocket 205.Wherein, inertial dust collection room 202 is preferably square cavity, is provided with dust-laden gas inlet 201 and baffle plate 203; Described baffle plate 203 is oppositely arranged with dust-laden gas inlet 201, so that stop the dust in dust-laden coal gas, the length of baffle plate 203 is preferably the total length of half to sidewall 209 of sidewall 209 length, and namely described baffle plate 203 is 0.5 to 1 with the ratio of sidewall 209 vertical-direction length; Film dirt pocket 205 is also preferably square cavity, inside establishes containing many group film dust removing tubes 206, is also provided with clean gas outlet 207 and purge gas heater 208, the substantially vertical setting of described film dust removing tube 206 so that adsorption of dust and make coal gas quickly through; Dust-laden gas inlet 201 is located at top, inertial dust collection room 202, and the first dust outlet 211 is located at bottom inertial dust collection room 202, and described film dirt pocket 205 top is provided with clean gas outlet 207, bottom is provided with the second dust outlet 212; One airtight chamber is arranged at film dirt pocket 205 top, i.e. blowback air body cavity 213, and this blowback air body cavity 213 is communicated with each tube chamber organizing film dust removing tube 206, is communicated with purge gas heater 208 simultaneously; Certainly, the alternate manners such as pipeline also can be adopted to be communicated with each tube chamber organizing film dust removing tube 206 by purge gas heater 208, as long as purge gas can be introduced the tube chamber of film dust removing tube 206; A whole set of film dust arrester peripheral hardware heating device 204, heating device 204 can be any one of electric heat tracing type or high-temperature flue gas heating type etc.A sidewall 209 is shared between inertial dust collection room 202 and film dirt pocket 205, sidewall 209 offers one or more sidewall opening 210, coal gas after inertial dust collection directly enters film dirt pocket, without the need to pipeline, reduce coal gas fed distance, coal gas is delivered to the process of film dirt pocket 205 from inertial dust collection room 202 and almost there is no temperature loss, reduce the area of dissipation of heating device 204 simultaneously.
Current dust-laden coal gas uses cyclone dust collector to carry out gas solid separation mostly, due to the dust size in coal gas less (< 100 μm), causes efficiency of dust collection lower (< 90%), have impact on the quality of tar.Adopt this film dust arrester, owing to adopting film dust removing tube, can filter the dust of more than 0.1 μm, efficiency of dust collection can improve (>=99.9%) greatly, significantly increases the quality of tar.
A kind of film dust arrester operation principle provided by the invention is as follows:
1) dust-laden coal gas enters film dust arrester from dust-laden gas inlet 201, and collide with baffle plate 203 in inertial dust collection room 202, part dust is attached on baffle plate 203 under the effect of inertia, and is discharged by the first dust outlet 211 bottom droping under gravity;
2) coal gas after inertial dust collection enters film dirt pocket 205 by sidewall opening 210, clean gas is through film dust removing tube 206, most semicoke dust (>=0.1 μm) in coal gas are attached to the outer surface of film dust removing tube 206, under the effect of purge gas, semi-coke powder dirt removes from film dust removing tube 206 outer surface, drop to bottom film dirt pocket 205 and discharged by the second dust outlet 212, for preventing tar at film dust removing tube 206 surface condensation, purge gas is jetted after purge gas heater 208 heats again.Clean gas after film dust removing tube 206 filters is discharged from film dust-remover top clean gas outlet 207, enters follow up device.
3) film dust arrester 7 housing exterior walls establishes heating device 204(to comprise electric tracing or high-temperature flue gas companion heat), guarantee that tar in coal gas is not in inner walls condensation.
In described step 1), dust-laden gas temperature is between 450 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C.
Described step 2) middle purge gas heater via temperature after heating is between 350 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C, and pressure is between 0.2MPa ~ 1.0MPa, and purge gas is nitrogen.
Described step 2) in film dust removing tube 206 material of film dust arrester 7 comprise the material such as pottery, intermetallic based compound;
In described step 3), film dust arrester 7 housing exterior walls companion hot temperature degree is between 350 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C.
Fig. 3 is shown in by a kind of oil-washing apparatus provided by the invention, is made up of four equipment, is oil scrubber 31, oil cooler 32, circulating oil tank 33 and oil circulating pump 34 respectively.Compared with existing gas washing device, the principal character of this device is for adopting washing oil as circulation cleaning agent, and namely washing oil itself is the component extracted from tar, so can not produce any adverse effect to the quality of tar.Replace water to wash with washing oil, can the aldehydes matter washing of the overwhelming majority in tar be entered in tar, greatly reduce the aldehydes matter content in subsequent purification device waste water, reduce cost for wastewater treatment.
Described oil-washing apparatus operation principle is as follows:
1) clean gas after film dedusting enters in oil scrubber 31 from oil scrubber 31 bottom, with the circulating washing oil sprayed into from top by tower tray and filler direct contact heat transfer, coal gas fast cooling cools, and the most of tar condensing in coal gas also enters in washing oil, circulates with washing oil.
2) washing oil that condensation is got off enters circulating oil tank 33 bottom oil scrubber, is transported to oil cooler 32 by oil pump 34, in oil cooler 32, be cooled to design temperature with recirculated cooling water indirect heat exchange, then enters oil scrubber 31 top spray, continues and coal gas contact heat-exchanging.
3) oil wash process strictly controls the temperature of coal gas gas outlet, oil scrubber 31 top, avoids the water condensation in oil wash process in coal gas.Coal gas after oil wash enters subsequent purification system, and condensed tar is discharged from circulating oil tank 33, removes aftertreatment systems.
In described step 1), clean gas temperature is between 450 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C.
Oil scrubber in described step 1), is generally filled by filler, sprayer, Turbogrid plates in tower alone or in combination; On tower top, add washing oil, cool and remove coal tar in coal gas.
Washing oil in described step 1), can select oil washing oil or tar washing oil; Washing oil Main Function reduces gas temperature, is separated tar in coal gas.
Described step 2) in the cooled washing oil temperature of oil cooler between 80 DEG C ~ 120 DEG C.
The temperature of coal gas gas outlet, described step 3) oil scrubber top is between 105 DEG C ~ 130 DEG C.
Utilize above-mentioned film dust arrester 7 and oil-washing apparatus 8, a kind of pyrolytic process of coal with film dust arrester provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
1) after the drying from feed bin, raw coal enters coal bunker 2, and enter mixer 3 through rotary discharge valve, in mixer 3, raw coal mixes with the high-temperature semi-coke exported from multitube rotary retorting machine 4, raw coal rapid temperature increases.
2) after blending, the mixture of raw coal and semicoke enters pyrolysis in multitube rotary retorting machine 4 through feeding spiral conveyer.In multitube rotary retorting machine 4, pyrolysis produces high-temperature semi-coke, burnt oil and gas, semicoke is discharged bottom multitube rotary retorting machine 4 discharge cover, and a semicoke part for discharge delivers to the mixer 3 in step 1) through rotary discharge valve, horizontal conveyer 5 and vertical conveyor 6; Another part enters after the process of cold burnt machine 11 as product through rotary discharge valve.The thermal source of multitube rotary retorting machine 4 is the high-temperature flue gas from combustion gas furnace 1.
3) in cold burnt machine 11, discharge bottom cold burnt machine 11 discharge cover after high-temperature semi-coke and the heat exchange of circulating nitrogen gas counter current contacting cool.
4) circulating nitrogen gas enters cold burnt machine 11 from discharge cover top, after high-temperature semi-coke heat temperature raising in cold burnt machine 11, discharges from cold burnt machine 11 feed end.High temperature circulation nitrogen enters semicoke deduster 12, the semicoke dust in separation of nitrogen.High temperature nitrogen after dedusting enters nitrogen waste heat retracting device 13 and lowers the temperature, and then boosts through nitrogen circulation blower fan 14, sends cold burnt machine 11 discharge cover back to.
5) dust-laden coal gas is discharged from multitube rotary retorting machine 4 discharge cover top, and through heat tracing pipe road, enter film dust arrester 7, the semicoke dust in dust-laden coal gas is separated to get off, and enters cold burnt machine 11.Clean gas after film dust removing tube 206 filters is discharged from the clean gas outlet 207 at film dust arrester 7 top, enters oil-washing apparatus 8.Clean gas enters bottom oil scrubber 31, discharges, enter coal gas subsequent purification system from oil scrubber 31 top.
6) high-temperature flue gas that multitube rotary retorting machine 4 is produced by combustion gas furnace 1 provides heat.The heat smoke temperature of discharging from multitube rotary retorting machine 4 is higher, after fume afterheat device 9 reclaims heat, delivers to smoke stack emission by smoke induced draught fan 10.
After dry in described step 1), coal dust/grain moisture as received coal is less than or equal to 5%; Coal dust after described drying/grain particle diameter 0 ~ 20mm; Described high-temperature semi-coke powder/grain temperature is between 450 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C; Described high-temperature semi-coke powder/grain particle diameter 0 ~ 20mm.
Described step 2) in horizontal conveyer 5 be conveying worm, drag conveyor or other conveying equipments; Described vertical conveyor is inclined screw conveyor, bucket carries conveyer or other conveying equipments.
Described step 2) in multitube rotary retorting machine 4 be external-heat multitube rotary equipment, multiple destructive distillation pipe is set in the cylindrical shell of multitube rotary retorting machine 4, helical blade is equipped with in multiple destructive distillation pipe, multitube rotary retorting machine 4 charging aperture is connected with feeding packing auger, and discharging opening is connected with cold burnt machine 11 through rotary valve.
Described step 2) in high-temperature semi-coke and dust-laden gas temperature between 450 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C.
Described step 2) in high-temperature semi-coke should be divided into two strands, per share mass flow ratio is usually at 5:1 ~ 1:1.
Described step 2) in high-temperature hot gas approach flue-gas temperature between 800 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C.
In described step 3), cold burnt machine 11 is revolution kind equipment.
In described step 3), the rear semicoke temperature of cooling is between 150 DEG C ~ 220 DEG C.
In described step 3), blow-off valve is rotary valve, flap valve, two flap valve or other type discharge valve device.
In described step 4), circulating nitrogen gas temperature is between 400 DEG C ~ 550 DEG C.
In described step 5), heat tracing pipe channel temp is between 350 DEG C ~ 550 DEG C;
In described step 6), combustion gas furnace 1 can be fire coal, fuel oil or fuel gas hot-blast stove.
Temperature when flue gas is discharged from multitube rotary retorting machine 4 in described step 6) is between 400 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C.
Operation principle of the present invention is:
Material flow: low-order coal, stored in raw material cabin, is delivered to multitube rotary retorting machine inside through rotary discharge valve, buffer memory hopper, blending machine, conveying worm according to certain feed rate by dried low-order coal.In multitube rotary retorting machine, low-order coal walks tube side, and high-temperature flue gas walks shell side, low-order coal and flue gas indirect heat exchange, and heat up concurrent raw pyrolytic reaction, produces semicoke, coal gas and tar.High-temperature semi-coke is discharged at multitube rotary retorting machine afterbody, and a part enters cooler inside, and temperature enters subsequent treatment operation after reducing; Another part delivers to blending machine through horizontal and vertical conveyer, together enters multitube rotary retorting machine with dried low-order coal.Trapped after the semicoke dust carried secretly in burnt oil and gas enters film dust-remover.
Flue gas flow: the high-temperature flue gas produced in combustion gas furnace running enters multitube rotary retorting machine as heat medium, discharge after low-order coal indirect heat exchange behind multitube rotary retorting machine inside with drying, because discharge temperature is higher, flue gas enter flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus cooling after again through smoke induced draught fan emptying.
Coal gas flow process: the dust-laden coal gas that retort process produces enters oil scrubber after film dust-remover filters, in oil scrubber, the circulated sprinkling washing oil sprayed into from top directly and high temperature dust coal gas contact heat-exchanging, coal gas fast cooling cools, wherein most of tar condensing washs and enters in washing oil, with washing oil circulation, the coal gas after oil wash enters subsequent purification system.
Circulating nitrogen gas flow process: the high-temperature semi-coke of discharging from multitube rotary retorting machine discharge cover, enters cold burnt machine through blow-off valve.High-temperature semi-coke, after cooling, is discharged from cold burnt machine discharge cover through blow-off valve.Low-temperature circulating nitrogen enters cold burnt machine from discharge end, after high-temperature semi-coke heats up, discharges from charging cover.Intensification Posterior circle nitrogen, after deduster, enters nitrogen waste heat retracting device.After waste heat recovery, low temperature nitrogen is boosted by nitrogen circulation blower fan and sends cold burnt machine discharge end back to.The coke powder of discharging from deduster, through rotary valve, the cold semicoke of discharging with cold burnt machine discharge cover together delivers to follow-up disposal unit.
Embodiment: as shown in Figure 1, technique of the present invention is as follows:
Material flow: low order, stored in coal bunker 2, is delivered to multitube rotary retorting machine 4 inside through rotary valve, mixer 3 according to certain feed rate by dried low-order coal.In multitube rotary retorting machine, coal walks tube side, and high-temperature flue gas walks shell side, and coal and flue gas indirect heat exchange, heat up and dry distillation reactor occurs, and produces semicoke, coal gas and tar.High-temperature semi-coke is discharged at multitube rotary retorting machine 4 afterbody, it is inner that a part enters cold burnt machine 11, inner and the circulating nitrogen gas direct contact heat transfer at cold burnt machine 11, semicoke temperature send subsequent treatment operation after reducing, circulating nitrogen gas entrainment portions semicoke after intensification leaves cold burnt machine 11, enter semicoke deduster 12, this device can adopt inertial dust collection, cyclone dust removal, electrostatic precipitation or film dust arrester, circulating nitrogen gas enters nitrogen waste heat retracting device 13 after being separated in semicoke deduster 12 with semicoke, circulating nitrogen gas after cooling returns cold burnt machine 11 after nitrogen circulation blower fan 14 pressurizes, another part semicoke turns back to mixer 3 through horizontal conveyer 5 and vertical conveyor 6, together enters multitube rotary retorting machine 4 with after dried low-order coal blending.The semicoke dust carried secretly in coal gas enters film dust arrester 7.
As shown in Figure 2, the coal gas of high temperature carrying tar and part semicoke dust secretly enters film dust arrester from dust-laden gas inlet 201, collide with baffle plate 203 in inertial dust collection room 202, part dust is attached on baffle plate 203 under the effect of inertia, and drop to bottom discharge under gravity; Coal gas after inertial dust collection enters film dirt pocket 205, coal gas is discharged from film dust-remover top clean gas outlet 207 through film dust removing tube 206, most semicoke dust in coal gas are attached to the outer surface of film dust removing tube 206, under the effect of purge gas, semi-coke powder dirt removes from film dust removing tube 206 outer surface, drop to bottom film dirt pocket and discharge, for preventing tar at film dust removing tube surface condensation, purge gas is jetted after purge gas heater 208 heats again.Clean gas after film dust removing tube filters is discharged from film dust-remover top clean gas outlet 207, enters oil-washing apparatus.Film dust-remover housing exterior walls establishes heating device 24, guarantees that tar in coal gas is not in inner walls condensation.
Flue gas flow: the high-temperature flue gas produced in combustion gas furnace 1 running enters multitube rotary retorting machine 4 as heat medium, discharge behind multitube rotary retorting machine 4 inside with low-order coal indirect heat exchange, because discharge temperature is higher, flue gas enter flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 9 lower the temperature after again through smoke induced draught fan 10 emptying.
Coal gas flow process: after the coal gas that retort process produces leaves from multitube rotary retorting machine 4, enter film dust arrester 7, coal gas after film dedusting enters in tower from oil scrubber 31 bottom, with the circulating washing oil direct contact heat transfer sprayed into from top, coal gas fast cooling cools, most of tar condensing wherein also enters in washing oil, circulates with washing oil.The washing oil that condensation is got off flows into washing oil circulating slot 33 bottom oil scrubber 31, is transported to oil cooler 32 by oil pump 34, lowers the temperature in oil cooler 32 with recirculated cooling water indirect heat exchange, then enters oil scrubber 31 top spray, continues and high temperature dust coal gas contact heat-exchanging.Coal gas after oil wash enters subsequent purification system, and the tar washed is discharged from washing oil circulating slot, removes aftertreatment systems.
Circulating nitrogen gas flow process: the high-temperature semi-coke of discharging from multitube rotary retorting machine 4 discharge cover, enters cold burnt machine 11 through rotary valve.High-temperature semi-coke, after cooling, is discharged from cold burnt machine 11 discharge cover through rotary valve.Low-temperature circulating nitrogen enters cold burnt machine 11 from discharge end, after heating up, discharges from charging cover with high-temperature semi-coke heat exchange.Intensification Posterior circle nitrogen, after semicoke deduster 12, enters nitrogen waste heat boiler 13.After waste heat recovery, after low temperature nitrogen is boosted by nitrogen circulation blower fan 14, send cold burnt machine 11 discharge end back to.The high temperature coke powder of discharging from semicoke deduster 12, through rotary valve, the cold semicoke of discharging with cold burnt machine 11 discharge cover together delivers to follow-up disposal unit.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a film dust arrester, comprise inertial dust collection room (202), film dirt pocket (205), purge gas heater (208), and at least one film dust removing tube (206), described inertial dust collection room (202) top is provided with dust-laden gas inlet (201), bottom is provided with the first dust outlet (211), described film dirt pocket (205) top is provided with clean gas outlet (207), bottom is provided with the second dust outlet (212), film dust removing tube (206) is located in film dirt pocket (205) cavity, described purge gas heater (208) is communicated with film dust removing tube (206), it is characterized in that, described inertial dust collection room (202) shares a sidewall (209) with film dirt pocket (205), sidewall (209) is provided with at least one sidewall opening (210), relatively with dust-laden gas inlet (201) in inertial dust collection room (202) cavity be provided with baffle plate (203).
2. film dust arrester according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sidewall opening (210) is located at the top of sidewall (209).
3. film dust arrester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also be provided with the blowback air body cavity (213) be communicated with film dust removing tube (206) in described film dirt pocket (205) cavity, this blowback air body cavity (213) is communicated with purge gas heater (208).
4. film dust arrester according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described blowback air body cavity (213) is located at the top in film dirt pocket (205) cavity.
5. the film dust arrester according to the arbitrary claim of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, its housing exterior walls is provided with heating device (204), described heating device (204) for electric tracing or high-temperature flue gas companion heat any one.
6. a pyrolytic process for coal, is characterized in that, utilizes any one film dust arrester described in claim 1-5 to realize coal gas of high temperature dust separation, comprises the following steps:
1) dried raw coal enters mixer (3), and in mixer (3), raw coal mixes with the high-temperature semi-coke exported from multitube rotary retorting machine (4), raw coal rapid temperature increases;
2) after mixing, mixture pyrolysis in feeding spiral conveyer enters multitube rotary retorting machine (4) of raw coal and semicoke, in multitube rotary retorting machine (4), pyrolysis produces high-temperature semi-coke, burnt oil and gas, semicoke is discharged from multitube rotary retorting machine (4) discharging portion, a semicoke part of discharging delivers to mixer (3) in step 1), and another part enters after the process of cold burnt machine (11) as product;
3) in cold burnt machine (11), discharge from cold burnt machine (11) discharging portion after high-temperature semi-coke and the heat exchange of circulating nitrogen gas counter current contacting cool;
4) circulating nitrogen gas enters cold burnt machine (11) from the discharge end of cold burnt machine (11), after the interior high-temperature semi-coke heat temperature raising of cold burnt machine (11), discharges from cold burnt machine (11) feed end; High temperature circulation nitrogen enters semicoke deduster (12), the semicoke dust in separation of nitrogen; High temperature nitrogen after dedusting enters nitrogen waste heat retracting device (13) cooling, then through nitrogen circulation blower fan (14) boosting, sends cold burnt machine (11) discharge end back to;
5) dust-laden coal gas is discharged from multitube rotary retorting machine (4) discharging portion, and through heat tracing pipe road, enter film dust arrester (7), the semicoke dust in dust-laden coal gas is separated to get off, and enters cold burnt machine (11); Clean gas after film dust removing tube (206) filters is discharged from clean gas outlet (207) at film dust arrester (7) top, enters oil-washing apparatus (8); Clean gas enters from oil scrubber (31) bottom, discharges, enter coal gas subsequent purification system from oil scrubber (31) top;
6) the heat smoke temperature of discharging from multitube rotary retorting machine (4) is higher, reclaims after heat, discharged by smoke induced draught fan (10) through flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus (9).
7. the pyrolytic process of a kind of coal according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, after dry in described step 1) raw coal moisture as received coal be less than or equal to 5%, particle diameter 0 ~ 20mm, in described step 1), high-temperature semi-coke temperature is at 450 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C, particle diameter 0 ~ 20mm; In described step 5), the dust removal step of film dust arrester (7) is as follows:
1) dust-laden coal gas enters in inertial dust collection room (202) from dust-laden gas inlet (201) and collides with baffle plate (203), part dust is attached on baffle plate (203) under the effect of inertia, and is discharged by the first dust outlet (211) bottom droping under gravity;
2) coal gas after inertial dust collection enters film dirt pocket (205), clean gas is through film dust removing tube (206), the semicoke dust of the overwhelming majority >=0.1 in coal gas μm is attached to the outer surface of film dust removing tube (206), under the effect of purge gas, semi-coke powder dirt removes from film dust removing tube (206) outer surface, drop to film dirt pocket (205) bottom and is discharged by the second dust outlet (212); Purge gas jets to prevent tar at film dust removing tube (206) surface condensation after purge gas heater (208) heating again; Clean gas after film dust removing tube (206) filters is discharged from clean gas outlet (207).
8. the pyrolytic process of a kind of coal according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described in enter the dust-laden gas temperature of dust-laden gas inlet (201) at 450 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C; Described purge gas is nitrogen, and purge gas is through purge gas heater (208) temperature after heating at 350 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C, and pressure is at 0.2MPa ~ 1.0MPa; The material of described film dust removing tube (206) is pottery or intermetallic based compound; Companion's hot temperature degree of described film dust arrester (7) housing exterior walls is at 350 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C.
9. the pyrolytic process of a kind of coal according to the arbitrary claim of claim 6-8, it is characterized in that, described oil-washing apparatus (8) adopts oil washing oil or tar washing oil as circulation cleaning agent, and the described clean gas temperature entered from oil scrubber (31) bottom is at 450 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C; The gas temperature of discharging from oil scrubber (31) top is at 105 DEG C ~ 130 DEG C; Washing oil temperature after wash cooling is at 80 DEG C ~ 120 DEG C.
10. the pyrolytic process of a kind of coal according to the arbitrary claim of claim 6-8, is characterized in that, described multitube rotary retorting machine (4) is external-heat multitube rotary retorting machine.
The pyrolytic process of 11. a kind of coals according to the arbitrary claim of claim 9, it is characterized in that, described multitube rotary retorting machine (4) is external-heat multitube rotary retorting machine.
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| CN106350085A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-01-25 | 新疆广汇中化能源技术开发有限公司 | Dry distillation apparatus |
| CN106237776B (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-08-14 | 上海化工研究院有限公司 | A kind of device for recovering powder in metallurgy industry high-temperature flue gas and technique |
| CN108384583B (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2024-04-02 | 深圳市水务(集团)有限公司 | System for purifying and utilizing pyrolysis gas of solid waste |
| CN108485690B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2024-01-16 | 西北大学 | Device and method for extracting oil gas by pulverized coal low-temperature static pyrolysis |
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Address after: 250000 Shandong city of Ji'nan province high tech Zone Shun Road No. 2000 Shun Tai Plaza No. 2 building 15 room 1501 Patentee after: Shandong Tianli energy Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 250000 Shandong city of Ji'nan province high tech Zone Shun Road No. 2000 Shun Tai Plaza No. 2 building 15 room 1501 Patentee before: Shandong Tianli Drying Co., Ltd. |