CN205922010U - Liquid manure integration greenhouse cucumber negative pressure irrigation system - Google Patents
Liquid manure integration greenhouse cucumber negative pressure irrigation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN205922010U CN205922010U CN201620452526.8U CN201620452526U CN205922010U CN 205922010 U CN205922010 U CN 205922010U CN 201620452526 U CN201620452526 U CN 201620452526U CN 205922010 U CN205922010 U CN 205922010U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a liquid manure integration greenhouse cucumber negative pressure irrigation system. Include: sepage ware, catheter, reservoir, air duct and negative pressure regulator are irrigated to the negative pressure, and wherein, the one end of catheter inserts during the negative pressure irrigates the sepage ware, and drain hole that the other end passes through the reservoir lateral wall is inserted to the reservoir in, the negative pressure is irrigated the sepage ware and is inclined inclined and put, the holding has fertilizer liquid in the reservoir, the one end of air duct inserts to the reservoir in through the air guide hole, air guide hole and drain hole site in same horizontal position, and the other end of air duct inserts in the negative pressure regulator, negative pressure regulator comprises sealed container and intake pipe, and the intake pipe is hollow direct pipeline, insert sealed container through the sealed container top in, the holding has water in the sealed container, the water liquid level in the sealed container is less than the gaseous knothole of accent. Use the utility model discloses, can ensure the water pressure maintain constant who supplies water to the cucumber to different growth period according to the cucumber provide fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to agriculture sub-irrigation technology, particularly to a kind of water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation
System.
Background technology
In the growth and development process of crops, soil is often difficult to provide the necessary moisture of crops.Therefore, in the modern times
In agricultural production process, supplement, to soil, the important ring that corresponding moisture is farming production and operating activities by irrigating.
In the case of the current distribution of water resources of China is extremely uneven, it is to improve water resource profit using sub-irrigation technology
Effective way with efficiency.Wherein, infiltration irrigation technology is, using plastic conduit, water is passed through the aperture on hollow billet or the conveying of infiltrating irrigation head
Carry out the technology of localized irrigation to crop root system soil, can be according to crops water-requiring property, by low pressure pipeline and installation
Douche on low pressure pipeline, by the uniform moisture needed for crops and lentamente instill crop root system soil in.By
Do not destroy soil texture in infiltrating irrigation, so that soil internal water, fertilizer, air and heat keep being suitable for the good shape of crop growth
Condition；Meanwhile, evaporation loss is little, do not produce surface runoff, irrigation quantity is little, and perdurabgility of once pouring water is longer, water utilization rate
High；And, the operating pressure needed for infiltrating irrigation relatively low it is thus possible to accurately Controlled irrigation amount, can reduce and steam between invalid
Send out, do not result in the waste of water.Thus, be a kind of Water Saving Irrigation Mode being widely used in water-deficient area, be applicable to fruit tree,
The crops such as grain, vegetables, industrial crops and warmhouse booth are irrigated,
But the water adding system currently for greenhouse cucumber sub-irrigation, the pressure that water head supplies water to crop root system is one
Determine fluctuation in scope it is impossible to maintain the constant, thus it cannot be guaranteed that crops are grown in the stable soil water always of water supply pressure
Under the conditions of point；And, for different crops, applied fertilizer using same mode and irrigated it is impossible to be directed to different agricultures
Crop provides the irrigation method using this crops.
Utility model content
In view of this, main purpose of the present utility model is to propose a kind of water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system
System, ensures and remains constant to the hydraulic pressure that cucumber is supplied water, make cucumber growth under stable Soil Moisture, and according to cucumber
Different growing stage provides corresponding fertilizer.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a kind of water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system, should
For potted plant experiment, the region of application belongs to warm temperate zone semi-moist continental climate, and summer is burning hot and rainy, and winter is cold dry,
10～12 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, in year no phase in Frost's Descent 180-220d, soil is moisture soil, and the soil texture is sandy loam, and the soil weight is
1.44g/cm3, field capacity is 24.5% (mass percent), and the content of organic matter is 10.04g/Kg, and total nitrogen content is 0.61g/
Kg, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available potassium, rapid available phosphorus are respectively 51.71g/Kg, 6.88g/Kg, 112.33g/Kg, 21.48g/Kg,
PH value is 8.28, applies N altogether in cucumber whole breeding time：0.25g/Kg soil, P2O5：0.15g/Kg soil, K2O：0.21g/Kg soil,
Wherein, 20% nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer apply as base manure, and remaining is applied by Negative pressure irrigation water-fertilizer integral irrigation system；Phosphorus
Fertilizer all applies as base manure, when base manure applies, fertilizer is placed into the soil, mixes with soil；Including：Negative pressure irrigation sepage
Device, catheter, reservoir, wireway and draft regulator, wherein,
One end of catheter is linked in Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device, the drain that the other end is opened up by reservoir lower sidewall
Hole accesses in reservoir；
Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device slant setting, the one end being connected with catheter apart from earth's surface distance be less than the other end away from
With a distance from earth's surface；
It is equipped with fertilizer solution, top is provided with inlet in reservoir；
One end of wireway accesses in reservoir by the gas port that reservoir lower sidewall opens up, gas port and drain
, in same level position, the gas regulation hole access that the other end of wireway is opened up by draft regulator side wall upper part is negative for hole position
In pressure adjuster, the air in wireway is filled at the position that the gas port being opened up with reservoir lower sidewall is connected, institute
The position stating gas regulation hole is higher than the inlet of reservoir；
Draft regulator, is made up of a sealing container and air inlet pipe, and the other end of wireway passes through sealing container side wall
The gas regulation hole that top opens up is accessed in sealing container, and air inlet pipe is the direct piping of hollow, is inserted by sealing container top
Enter in sealing container, in sealing container, be equipped with water, the water level in sealing container is less than gas regulation hole；
In cucumber to coming into bloom, adjust the air inlet pipe bottom in draft regulator and water level in sealing container
Water-head be 100cm, configuration reservoir in fertilizer solution concentration be urea 0.15-0.2g/L, potassium sulfate 0.1-0.2g/L, should
The nitrogenous fertilizer that period applies and potash fertilizer account for the 20% of total sowing amount；
To the result initial stage, configure fertilizer solution concentration is urea 0.1～0.2g/L, sulfuric acid to mid-term of blooming after coming into bloom
Potassium 0.15～0.2g/L, the nitrogenous fertilizer that this period applies and potash fertilizer account for the 20% of total sowing amount, air inlet pipe are up lifted 10-
30cm, so that the air inlet pipe bottom in draft regulator is 70-90cm with the water-head of water level in sealing container；
In the cucumber result best fruiting period after the result initial stage, configuration fertilizer solution concentration is urea 0.2-0.3g/L, potassium sulfate
0.15-0.3g/L, the nitrogenous fertilizer that this period applies and potash fertilizer account for the 25% of total sowing amount, up lift air inlet pipe 10-40cm, so that
Air inlet pipe bottom in draft regulator is 50-60cm with the water-head of water level in sealing container；
In result latter stage after the cucumber result best fruiting period, configuration fertilizer solution concentration is urea 0.2-0.3g/L, potassium sulfate
0.15-0.3g/L, the nitrogenous fertilizer that this period applies and potash fertilizer account for the 15% of total sowing amount, air inlet pipe are down pressed 10-40cm, with
The air inlet pipe bottom in draft regulator is made to be 70-90cm with the water-head of water level in sealing container.
It is preferred that catheter respectively with Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device and reservoir be connected place, wireway respectively with
At the inlet of be connected place, reservoir of reservoir and sealing container and air inlet pipe is inserted at sealing container, all profits
Sealed with sealing ring.
It is preferred that described Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device is a permeable air-locked vitrified-clay pipe.
It is preferred that described tilted-putted Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device and the angle that soil water plane is in 1-5 °, and and drain
Vitrified-clay pipe one end that pipe is connected is less than the distance apart from earth's surface for the other end apart from the distance of earth's surface.
It is preferred that described reservoir and sealing container are hydrostatic column.
It is preferred that further including to be provided with the water-level gauge of instruction water content consumption scale, water-level gauge is external in reservoir, water
One end of position meter is accessed in reservoir by the first water level hole that reservoir side wall upper part opens up, and the other end of water-level gauge passes through storage
Liquid device lower sidewall open up first water level hole access reservoir in, wherein, the first water level hole parallel or be higher than delivery hole.
It is preferred that described water level is calculated as [shape.
It is preferred that described air inlet pipe is up provided with altitude scale from bottom.
As seen from the above technical solutions, a kind of water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system that the utility model provides
System.Can ensure and remain constant to the hydraulic pressure that cucumber is supplied water, and provide fertilizer according to the different growing stage of cucumber, realize precisely
Control dose, provide suitable output and dose to cucumber, while meeting cucumber regulation of fertilizer requirement, also effectively subtract
Lack the pollution to soil for the fertilizer.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the utility model embodiment water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system structure diagram.
Fig. 2 is the original state schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system.
Fig. 3 is signal after initial regulation for the utility model embodiment water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system
Figure.
Specific embodiment
For making the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and be embodied as
Example is described in further detail to the utility model.
Fig. 1 is the utility model embodiment water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system structure diagram.Referring to figure
1, the region of this water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system application belongs to warm temperate zone semi-moist continental climate, and summer is scorching
Heat is rainy, and winter is cold dry, 10～12 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, and in year no phase in Frost's Descent 180-220d, soil is moisture soil, the soil texture
For sandy loam, the soil weight is 1.44g/cm3, field capacity is 24.5% (mass percent), and the content of organic matter is
10.04g/Kg, total nitrogen content is 0.61g/Kg, and nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available potassium, rapid available phosphorus are respectively 51.71g/Kg, 6.88g/
Kg, 112.33g/Kg, 21.48g/Kg, pH value is 8.28, applies N altogether in cucumber whole breeding time：0.25g/Kg soil, P2O5：
0.15g/Kg soil, K2O：0.21g/Kg soil, wherein, 20% nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer apply as base manure, and remaining is filled by negative pressure
Irrigate water-fertilizer integral irrigation system to apply；Phosphate fertilizer all applies as base manure, when base manure applies, fertilizer is placed into the soil, with soil
Earth mixes；Including：Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device 201, catheter 202, reservoir 203, wireway 204 and draft regulator
205, wherein,
One end of catheter 202 is linked in Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device 201, and the other end passes through reservoir 203 lower sidewall
The delivery hole 101 opening up accesses in reservoir 203；
Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device 201 slant setting, the one end being connected with catheter 202 is less than separately apart from the distance of earth's surface
One end is apart from the distance of earth's surface；
It is equipped with fertilizer solution, top is provided with inlet 102 in reservoir 203；
One end of wireway 204 accesses in reservoir 203 by the gas port 103 that reservoir 203 lower sidewall opens up,
Gas port 103 and delivery hole 101 are located at same level position, and the other end of wireway 204 passes through on draft regulator 205 side wall
The gas regulation hole 104 that portion opens up is accessed in draft regulator 205；
Draft regulator 205, is made up of a sealing container 105 and air inlet pipe 106, the other end of wireway 204 passes through
The gas regulation hole 104 that sealing container 105 side wall upper part opens up is accessed in sealing container 105, and air inlet pipe 106 is the straight-through of hollow
Pipeline, is inserted in sealing container 105 by sealing container 105 top, is equipped with water, sealing container 105 in sealing container 105
Interior water level is less than gas regulation hole 104；
In the embodiment of the present invention, when system stability works, as an alternative embodiment, the air in wireway 204 fills
At the full position being connected to the gas port 103 opening up with reservoir 203 lower sidewall.
After installing the water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system of the utility model embodiment, Fig. 2 is this reality
Original state schematic diagram with new embodiment water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system.Referring to Fig. 2, reservoir passes through
Inlet fills fertilizer solution, and inlet is sealed, and is filled with and is connected with sealing container (gas close to wireway in sealing container
Adjustment hole) position the water yield, air inlet pipe is inserted in sealing container, water level in air inlet pipe is put down with water level in sealing container
Together, the atmospheric pressure in wireway is atmospheric pressure, and in reservoir is urea and potassium sulfate for examination fertilizer；
In cucumber to coming into bloom, adjust the air inlet pipe bottom in draft regulator and water level in sealing container
Water-head be 100cm so that soil moisture content can stablize the corresponding soil water potential of soil moisture content 20% about, 20%
The difference of the pressure producing with water-head 100cm for atmospheric pressure, the fertilizer solution concentration in configuration reservoir is urea 0.15-
0.2g/L, potassium sulfate 0.1-0.2g/L, the nitrogenous fertilizer that this period applies and potash fertilizer account for the 20% of total sowing amount；
In initial regulation, in air inlet pipe, liquid level and the water-head of water level in sealing container are 0, the air pressure in wireway
For atmospheric pressure, the pressure of catheter delivery port is also atmospheric pressure, and the corresponding soil water potential of the soil moisture content higher than 20% drives
Fertilizer solution in reservoir is passed through catheter and Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device and is penetrated into soil so that under fertilizer liquid level in reservoir
, space, thus driving the air of sealing container water level superjacent air space to enter liquid storage by wireway in fall above reservoir
Device superjacent air space, that is, the change of reservoir superjacent air space is big, and pressure reduces, and at the gas port of reservoir bottom, pressure is less than sealing container
During water level superjacent air space pressure, act in pressure difference, the air of sealing container water level superjacent air space passes through wireway
Enter reservoir superjacent air space；
Fig. 3 is signal after initial regulation for the utility model embodiment water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system
Figure.Referring to Fig. 3, after the air of sealing container water level superjacent air space enters reservoir superjacent air space by wireway, air guide
Intraductal atmospheric pressure declines, and the air in air inlet pipe drives the water level in air inlet pipe to decline, and produces water with water level in sealing container
Potential difference so that the pressure sum that air guide intraductal atmospheric pressure and water-head produce is equal to atmospheric pressure, with fertilizer solution in reservoir via
Catheter and Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device enter in cucumber root soil, and soil moisture content gradually rises, air guide intraductal atmospheric pressure by
Gradually decline, water-head becomes larger；
Decline in air guide intraductal atmospheric pressure, but in the case of remaining above 20% soil moisture content corresponding soil water potential, storage
Fertilizer liquid level in liquid device continues to decline, and persistently drives the air of sealing container water level superjacent air space to enter storage by wireway
Liquid device superjacent air space, and then make the air in air inlet pipe drive the water level in air inlet pipe to continue to decline, until in air inlet pipe
Water level drops to air inlet pipe bottom, and the water-head that in air inlet pipe, water level is produced with water level in sealing container reaches 100cm
When, the air pressure in air inlet pipe is the 20% corresponding soil water potential of soil moisture content, at this moment the invariablenes pressure of liquid in douche be into
Endotracheal pressure, when system water supply makes soil moisture content be increased to 20% about, the flow of water within douche and douche
Outer soil water potential is equal, then reach dynamic equilibrium, and reservoir stops to fertilizer provision from soil feed liquid, water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber negative pressure
Irrigation system enters steady operational status, as shown in Figure 1；
During the stable operation of water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system, due to evaporation or the steaming of cucumber
Rise, cause root system surrounding soil water content to reduce again, during the corresponding soil water potential of the soil moisture content less than 20%, produce water
Potential difference, drives reservoir to fertilizer provision from soil feed liquid, leads to for fertilizer solution the fertilizer liquid level in reservoir to decline, drive sealing container
The air of interior water level superjacent air space enters reservoir superjacent air space along wireway, maintains drain hole site in reservoir with dynamic
Place and the pressure equilibrium of air guide hole location.So, system water supply negative pressure (drain hole location pressure) becomes at the beginning
During change, just can drive air inlet pipe from outside suction air is to sealing container, thus maintaining system water supply negative pressure constant, Neng Goubao
Cucumber is grown under stable Soil Moisture card always, realizes continuous, the automatic, stability contorting to water for the cucumber.
To the result initial stage, configure fertilizer solution concentration is urea 0.1～0.2g/L, sulfuric acid to mid-term of blooming after coming into bloom
Potassium 0.15～0.2g/L, the nitrogenous fertilizer that this period applies and potash fertilizer account for the 20% of total sowing amount, air inlet pipe are up lifted 10-
30cm, so that the water-head of water level is 70-90cm so that soil in the air inlet pipe bottom in draft regulator and sealing container
Water content stable in 19%-21%, the corresponding soil water potential of soil moisture content of 19%-21% is atmospheric pressure and water-head
The difference of the pressure that 70-90cm produces, in lifting process, due to the water level of the water level in sealing container and air inlet bottom of the tube
Difference diminishes, and drives the water liquid that air passes through in sealing container from air inlet bottom of the tube to enter sealing container upper gas space, makes
Obtain air guide intraductal atmospheric pressure to rise, thus dynamically maintaining air pressure and water-head in air inlet pipe in the way of sucking air from air inlet pipe
The air pressure sum producing is atmospheric pressure；Meanwhile, rise with air guide intraductal atmospheric pressure, reservoir passes through catheter and Negative pressure irrigation
Liquid-penetrating device supplies water to cucumber root, and soil water potential is gradually increasing, and simultaneously drives gas in wireway to be inhaled into reservoir top
The gas compartment；During lifting, air guide intraductal atmospheric pressure is gradually increasing, and soil water potential is also gradually increasing；Finally, when by air inlet
After pipe up lifts 10-30cm, air guide intraductal atmospheric pressure reaches the corresponding soil water potential of soil moisture content of 19%-21%, liquid storage
Device supplies water till soil water potential rises to and reaches dynamic equilibrium with air guide intraductal atmospheric pressure；
In the cucumber result best fruiting period after the result initial stage, configuration fertilizer solution concentration is urea 0.2-0.3g/L, potassium sulfate
0.15-0.3g/L, the nitrogenous fertilizer that this period applies and potash fertilizer account for the 25% of total sowing amount, up lift air inlet pipe 10-40cm, so that
Air inlet pipe bottom in draft regulator is 50-60cm so that soil moisture content is steady with the water-head of water level in sealing container
It is scheduled on 22%-23%, the soil moisture content corresponding soil water potential of 22%-23% is atmospheric pressure and water-head 50-60cm
Produce pressure difference, according to come into bloom after mid-term of blooming to the similar dynamical balancing method at result initial stage, carrying
At the end of the process of liter, air guide intraductal atmospheric pressure reaches the corresponding soil water potential of soil moisture content of 22%-23%, and reservoir supplies water straight
Rise to soil water potential reaching dynamic equilibrium with air guide intraductal atmospheric pressure；
In result latter stage after the cucumber result best fruiting period, configuration fertilizer solution concentration is urea 0.2-0.3g/L, potassium sulfate
0.15-0.3g/L, the nitrogenous fertilizer that this period applies and potash fertilizer account for the 15% of total sowing amount, air inlet pipe are down pressed 10-40cm, with
The water-head making air inlet pipe bottom in draft regulator and water level in sealing container is 70-90cm so that soil moisture content
Stablize in 19%-21% about, the corresponding soil water potential of soil moisture content of 19%-21% is atmospheric pressure and water-head 70-
The difference of the pressure that 90cm produces, during pressing, the air pressure on sealing container top is constant, the portion pressing down in air inlet pipe
Divide and suck water so that water-head remains unchanged, when cucumber root absorbs water, reservoir upper gas space sucks from wireway empty
Gas is so that air guide intraductal atmospheric pressure declines, so that the air on air inlet pipe top drives liquid level in air inlet pipe to decline, with air inlet pipe
It is atmospheric pressure that the mode that interior liquid level declines dynamically maintains the air pressure sum that the air pressure in air inlet pipe is produced with water-head, until air inlet
Liquid level in pipe drops to air inlet bottom of the tube, and now, air guide intraductal atmospheric pressure reaches the corresponding soil of soil moisture content of 19%-21%
The earth flow of water；Subsequently, with the continuous water suction of cucumber root, when air guide intraductal atmospheric pressure declines again, the air in air inlet pipe passes through
Water liquid in sealing container enters sealing container top, is no longer reduced with the air pressure maintaining sealing container upper gas, thus
The air pressure in air inlet pipe and water-head (the water-immersed height of air inlet pipe) is dynamically maintained in the way of sucking air from air inlet pipe
The air pressure sum producing is atmospheric pressure.
In the utility model embodiment, water-head (the negative pressure water-head of air inlet pipe 106 bottom to water level in sealing container
Threshold value) it is set to h in figure.As an alternative embodiment, Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device is placed in cucumber root soil region.
The connectivity part of reservoir and wireway, the side of corresponding wireway is air, corresponding reservoir side for fertilizer
Liquid, that is, in the connectivity part of reservoir and wireway, has liquid-gas interface.
In the utility model embodiment, catheter respectively with the place that is connected of Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device and reservoir,
Wireway respectively with the inlet of reservoir and be connected place, the reservoir of sealing container and air inlet pipe is inserted into sealing
At container, all sealed using sealing ring.
In the utility model embodiment, in different growth periods, the soil moisture content of needs is different, corresponding soil for cucumber
The earth flow of water is different, and in the case of soil water potential is less than the crops flow of water, crops need to absorb water.Wherein, soil water potential is soil
A kind of natural quality that earth has, that is, in the case of most natures, the mobile dependence soil water in soil for the soil nutrient
It is allocated as medium, moisture always flows to the low place of potential energy from the high place of potential energy.Thus, can moisture to crop root system stream
Dynamic, cucumber can absorb moisture, and the flow of water depending entirely between soil water potential and soil water potential is poor, by irrigating, can
To lift soil water potential, it is allowed to convey moisture to cucumber；And the optimum moisture condition of Plant Growth of Cucumber, that is, soil water potential is ratio
The low a certain unsaturation moisture state of saturation moisture content, after cucumber absorbs water, can lead to the flow of water (soil water potential) around root system
Decline, cause the moisture of distant place around root system to move to around root system further, to scheme to maintain root water potential not decline.Thus,
If the suitable soil water content according to needed for crop different growth stage sets corresponding system water supply head when one section
Between soil moisture redistribution after, the soil water potential around root system can be maintained close with the douche surrounding soil flow of water, such that it is able to
Ensure that cucumber is grown under stable, suitable Soil Moisture always.
It should be noted that, the subsequently described negative pressure of the utility model embodiment, it is for atmospheric pressure, that is, be less than
The air pressure of atmospheric pressure, due to soil water potential subatmospheric, thus also referred to as Negative pressure irrigation.
In the utility model embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device is a permeable air-locked pottery
Soil pipe.
In the utility model embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, potter's clay bore 11mm, external diameter 18mm, long 250mm.
In the utility model embodiment, vitrified-clay pipe is fine and close many hollow structures, in certain pressure, has airtight,
But moisture can rely on flow of water difference to ooze out into the characteristic of outside soil.Specifically, using water supply negative pressure (the crops flow of water)
During water supply, it is full of moisture in the space of vitrified-clay pipe, and is less than with the flow of water of the outer wall (vitrified-clay pipe and soil contact position) of vitrified-clay pipe
Or equal to the flow of water (water supply negative pressure) in vitrified-clay pipe, so, during system water supply, the water in reservoir can only flow to soil
Earth, or, keep dynamic equilibrium not flow out so that water can be full of vitrified-clay pipe space always, thus significantly limit air entering
Enter vitrified-clay pipe so that vitrified-clay pipe have airtight, but infiltration characteristic.
In the utility model embodiment, vitrified-clay pipe is 15- according to the suitable buried depth that cucumber root distribution situation is placed into the soil
25cm (apart from earth's surface).
In the utility model embodiment, in order to be conducive to the air bubble producing in irrigating to discharge vitrified-clay pipe to enter liquid storage
Device, arranges the angle that tilted-putted vitrified-clay pipe and soil water plane are in 1-5 °, and the vitrified-clay pipe one end being connected with catheter
Higher than the other end, the vitrified-clay pipe one end being connected with catheter apart from earth's surface distance be less than the other end apart from earth's surface away from
From.
In the utility model embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, in order to prevent water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber negative pressure from filling
When the system of irrigating brings into operation, in the case that water filled by reservoir, the water in reservoir may enter negative along wireway (CE pipe)
Pressure adjuster, thus affecting the degree of regulation of draft regulator, in the utility model embodiment, at the E position of setting wireway
The height of (at the position being connected with sealing container) is higher than the height of reservoir, and that is, the position in gas regulation hole is higher than reservoir
Interior water level.It is preferred that the position in gas regulation hole is higher than the inlet of reservoir.
In the utility model embodiment, in reservoir storage fertilizer liquid measure can according to cucumber each stage retaining situation,
Pour in the fertilizer liquid measure needed for this stage.
In the utility model embodiment, as another alternative embodiment, draft regulator pours into water, water level is less than and leads
In the case of at E (gas regulation hole) position that tracheae is connected with draft regulator, in order to prevent day and night temperature from negative pressure is adjusted
The pressure that section device is controlled produces impact, improves control crystal's degree of Negative pressure irrigation, the no hydrospace in setting draft regulator is to the greatest extent
Amount is little, and that is, in setting draft regulator, water level is tried one's best at E position, that is, the water level in sealing container is slightly less than air guide
Manage lower edge (gas regulation hole) at the E position being connected with sealing container.
In the utility model embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, reservoir and sealing container are hydrostatic column.
It is preferred that this water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system still further comprises is provided with instruction fertilizer liquid measure
Consume the water-level gauge 206 of scale, water-level gauge 206 is external in reservoir, and one end of water-level gauge 206 is opened by reservoir side wall upper part
If the first water level hole access in reservoir, the first water level that the other end of water-level gauge 206 is opened up by reservoir lower sidewall
Hole is accessed in reservoir.Wherein, the first water level hole parallel or be higher than delivery hole.
In the utility model embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, water level is calculated as that [shape, for measuring fertilizer in reservoir
The change of liquid level, and the change of the floor space according to reservoir and fertilizer liquid level obtains consumption fertilizer liquid measure, is illustrated with scale.
As an alternative embodiment, the aperture of catheter is more than 5cm.
In the utility model embodiment, air inlet pipe is communicated with extraneous air.As an alternative embodiment, air inlet pipe is from bottom
Up it is provided with altitude scale.
In the utility model embodiment, the gas pressure intensity in water level upper space in sealing container is less than or equal to air
Pressure.By changing the height that air inlet pipe is inserted under water level in sealing container, water level top in sealing container can be controlled
Gas pressure intensity (air pressure) in space, i.e. the corresponding soil water potential of cucumber growth, due to native to cucumber root using soil water potential
Earth supplies water, thus, the water supply negative water pressure that soil water potential provides for system is strong, and size is equal to the fertilizer hydraulic pressure in catheter, and leads
Fertilizer hydraulic pressure in liquid pipe is equal to the gas pressure intensity in wireway, that is, be the water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation sealing
In system, in the CE segment pipe that wireway is located, it is full of air, thus, at the location A in Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device inner chamber, drain
All equal with the pressure at E position at the B location of pipe, at the location of C of wireway, the pressure at the E position of wireway (supplies water negative
Hydraulic pressure is strong, i.e. soil water potential) isolate, with air inlet pipe air water, the pressure producing at liquid level to the water-head of water level in sealing container
Value preset be atmospheric pressure.Thus, it is inserted into the height under water level in sealing container by controlling air inlet pipe, water supply can be controlled
Negative water pressure is strong.
In the utility model embodiment, because the air pressure in wireway is more than or equal to the corresponding soil of soil moisture content always
So that air can only enter reservoir superjacent air space from wireway, that is, reservoir superjacent air space is constantly in from air guide the earth flow of water
The state of pipe air-breathing.
In the utility model embodiment, cucumber sets pressure -5kpa in system, when that is, the height of h is 50cm, from system initial shape
State (water-filled state in the air inlet pipe) pressure in wireway is changed into-ρ gh, and system water supply 2-3h just can reach.
In the utility model embodiment, being infiltrated due to moisture and fertilizer is a process slowly infiltrated, can be largely
Fertilizer is uniformly directly acted near crop root system by ground on a small quantity, is conducive to the absorption to liquid manure for the crops, therefore with biography
(furrow irrigation, border irrigation, sprinkling irrigation, dropper etc.) is compared in system irrigation, can greatly prolong fertilization time, be conducive to cucumber root to liquid manure
Absorb and utilize, prevent the pollution to soil for the fertilizer；Meanwhile, according to cucumber different growing law of needing the water and can need fertile special
Property, realize being precisely controlled dose by adjusting water supply negative pressure, provide suitable output and dose to cucumber, meeting
While crops regulation of fertilizer requirement, also effectively reduce the pollution to soil for the fertilizer；And, Negative pressure irrigation is by being embedded in underground
Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device infiltration, by soil capillary imbibition effect at leisure irrigation water is diffused into Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device
Around, the degree that soil aggregate is destroyed is less, can keep the rarefaction of table soil, so that the soil water, air and heat is relatively assisted
Adjust.
In the utility model embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, if the soil moisture content of crop culture is lower, shape
Become the time needed for pressure constant state also shorter, thus realizing during irrigating, the atmospheric pressure in wireway being capable of self adaptation
Adjust, the atmospheric pressure in wireway need not be carried out with manually or mechanically formula and adjust.
As an alternative embodiment, underground Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device includes：Vitrified-clay pipe, Polyvinyl Formal Foam Plastic
(PVMF, Polyvinyl Formal) layer, hypothallus and pore gauze, wherein, described vitrified-clay pipe, polyvinyl formal bubble
Foam plastic layer, hypothallus and pore gauze connect from inside to outside successively；
Vitrified-clay pipe is hollow pipeline, and outer layer is wrapped up with Polyvinyl Formal Foam Plastic layer, in polyvinyl formal
Between foam layer and pore gauze, filling substrate layer.
As an alternative embodiment, potter's clay outer tube layer is wrapped up with the second pore grenadine, recycles polyvinyl formal bubble
Foam plastic layer wraps up the second pore gauze.
As an alternative embodiment, Polyvinyl Formal Foam Plastic layer can also be wrapped up using the 3rd pore grenadine
Outside, the 3rd pore gauze outer layer covers hypothallus.
As an alternative embodiment, hypothallus is the soil with certain degree of packing.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not intended to limit protection model of the present utility model
Enclose.All of the present utility model spirit and principle within, any modification, equivalent and improvement of being made etc., all should comprise
Within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system is it is characterised in that be applied to potted plant experiment, the region of application
Belong to warm temperate zone semi-moist continental climate, summer is burning hot and rainy, winter is cold dry, 10～12 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, Nian Wu
Phase in Frost's Descent 180-220d, soil is moisture soil, and the soil texture is sandy loam, and the soil weight is 1.44g/cm3, field capacity is
24.5% (mass percent), the content of organic matter is 10.04g/Kg, and total nitrogen content is 0.61g/Kg, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, quick-acting
Potassium, rapid available phosphorus are respectively 51.71g/Kg, 6.88g/Kg, 112.33g/Kg, 21.48g/Kg, and pH value is 8.28, whole in cucumber
Breeding time applies N altogether：0.25g/Kg soil, P2O5：0.15g/Kg soil, K2O：0.21g/Kg soil, wherein, 20% nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer
Apply as base manure, remaining is applied by Negative pressure irrigation water-fertilizer integral irrigation system；Phosphate fertilizer all applies as base manure, base
When fertilizer applies, fertilizer is placed into the soil, mix with soil；Including：Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device, catheter, reservoir, air guide
Pipe and draft regulator, wherein,
One end of catheter is linked in Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device, and the other end is connect by the delivery hole that reservoir lower sidewall opens up
Enter to reservoir；
Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device slant setting, the one end being connected with catheter is less than other end distance ground apart from the distance of earth's surface
The distance of table；
It is equipped with fertilizer solution, top is provided with inlet in reservoir；
One end of wireway accesses in reservoir by the gas port that reservoir lower sidewall opens up, gas port and drain hole position
In same level position, negative pressure tune is accessed in the gas regulation hole that the other end of wireway is opened up by draft regulator side wall upper part
In section device, the air in wireway is filled at the position that the gas port being opened up with reservoir lower sidewall is connected；
Draft regulator, is made up of a sealing container and air inlet pipe, and the other end of wireway passes through sealing container side wall upper part
The gas regulation hole opening up is accessed in sealing container, and air inlet pipe is the direct piping of hollow, is inserted into by sealing container top
In sealing container, in sealing container, it is equipped with water, the water level in sealing container is less than gas regulation hole.
2. water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that distinguish in catheter
With Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device and reservoir be connected place, wireway respectively with being connected of reservoir and sealing container
Place, at the inlet of reservoir and air inlet pipe is inserted at sealing container, all sealed using sealing ring.
3. water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described Negative pressure irrigation
Liquid-penetrating device is a permeable air-locked vitrified-clay pipe.
4. water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described inclination is put
The Negative pressure irrigation liquid-penetrating device put and the angle that soil water plane is in 1-5 °, and the vitrified-clay pipe one end distance ground being connected with catheter
The distance of table is less than the distance apart from earth's surface for the other end.
5. water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that described reservoir with
Sealing container is hydrostatic column.
6. water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that further include to set
It is equipped with the water-level gauge of instruction water content consumption scale, water-level gauge is external in reservoir, one end of water-level gauge is passed through on the wall of reservoir side
The first water level hole that portion opens up is accessed in reservoir, the first water level that the other end of water-level gauge is opened up by reservoir lower sidewall
Hole access reservoir in, wherein, the first water level hole parallel or be higher than delivery hole.
7. water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system as claimed in claim 6 is it is characterised in that described water level is calculated as
[shape.
8. water-fertilizer integral greenhouse cucumber Negative pressure irrigation system as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that described air inlet pipe from
Bottom is up provided with altitude scale.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620452526.8U CN205922010U (en) | 2016-05-18 | 2016-05-18 | Liquid manure integration greenhouse cucumber negative pressure irrigation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620452526.8U CN205922010U (en) | 2016-05-18 | 2016-05-18 | Liquid manure integration greenhouse cucumber negative pressure irrigation system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN205922010U true CN205922010U (en) | 2017-02-08 |
Family
ID=57934226
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620452526.8U Active CN205922010U (en) | 2016-05-18 | 2016-05-18 | Liquid manure integration greenhouse cucumber negative pressure irrigation system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109392400A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-01 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of Negative pressure irrigation water system for greenhouse field |
| CN109392399A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-03-01 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of Negative pressure irrigation water-fertilizer integral system for greenhouse field |
-
2016
- 2016-05-18 CN CN201620452526.8U patent/CN205922010U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109392399A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-03-01 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of Negative pressure irrigation water-fertilizer integral system for greenhouse field |
| CN109392399B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2023-09-22 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Negative pressure irrigation water and fertilizer integrated system for greenhouse fields |
| CN109392400A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-01 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of Negative pressure irrigation water system for greenhouse field |
| CN109392400B (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2023-09-22 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Negative pressure irrigation water supply system for greenhouse fields |
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