CN205530780U - Wall body door and window mouth structure - Google Patents

Wall body door and window mouth structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN205530780U
CN205530780U CN201521129161.7U CN201521129161U CN205530780U CN 205530780 U CN205530780 U CN 205530780U CN 201521129161 U CN201521129161 U CN 201521129161U CN 205530780 U CN205530780 U CN 205530780U
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China
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window
door
protective layer
wall
heat
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CN201521129161.7U
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吴淑环
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Individual
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E04B1/7641Elements for window or door openings, or for corners of the building
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06BFIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B1/00Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
    • E06B1/04Frames for doors, windows, or the like to be fixed in openings
    • E06B1/34Coverings, e.g. protecting against weather, for decorative purposes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/90Passive houses; Double facade technology

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a wall body door and window mouth structure, is to current wall body door and window mouth heat channel is many, fireproof waterproof is not good, the not good scheduling problem of structure security. The structure one: including door and window mouth, door and window oral -lateral limit protective layer, door and window oral -lateral limit protective layer is cement fibrolite plate or calcium silicate board or magnesite board for prefabricated panel protective layer, prefabricated panel protective layer, install door and window oral -lateral limit protective layer on door and window oral -lateral limit, on installing door and window oral -lateral limit protective layer with the window, or install the window on the wall body of door and window mouth. The structure two: net including door and window mouth, door and window oral -lateral limit protective layer and tensile, door and window oral -lateral limit protective layer is the protective layer of plastering, has the net of tensile in the protective layer of plastering, on installing door and window oral -lateral limit protective layer with the window, or install the window on the wall body of door and window mouth. The utility model discloses a wall body door and window mouth structure window heat channel is minimum, and window energy -saving insulation effect exceedes the effect in current best passive energy efficiency building room, and fireproof waterproof is good, and the structure security is good, and the wall body is survivable during the earthquake.

Description

A kind of wall body door or window outlet structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to construction wall door and window outlet structure.
Background technology
1. weaken exterior wall, during earthquake, often occur exterior wall along the oblique segmentation of door and window mouth corner because there being door and window to punch on exterior wall Seam, if door and window mouth rigidity and intensity can be increased, it is to avoid and when reducing earthquake, door and window mouth destroys?
2. window waterproof bad be the common quality defect of building, the particularly Light Wall of air entrained concrete, and outside peace The energy-saving heat-insulating wall of dress heat-insulation layer, often as the gap between window body of wall or heat-insulation layer and body of wall intakes when raining, makes Aerated concrete wall destroys or window heat-insulation layer comes off destruction.
3. when catching fire, window is the Bi Tongzhi road of flame, the organic insulation material of window quickly combustive destruction, even if using Inorganic heat insulation material such as rock wool, also to destroy.
4., at present in energy-saving heat-insulating wall, the only passage of thin-coat plaster heat-preserving wall heat losses is minimum, but at door and window The heat that mouth side runs off is the most more.This is because window is arranged on the base course wall in door-window opening, door and window mouth periphery Wall insulating layer is thin, so the heat that hole periphery body of wall runs off is many, it is difficult to meet the requirement building low energy building, see attached list 1 data.
Subordinate list 1 thin-coat plaster heat-preserving wall heat transfer coefficient reference table w/m2·k
When subordinate list 1 data are by EPS sheet moisture content 15%, take EPS sheet basic heat conductivity 0.039w/m k, and consider EPS sheet installs the adverse effect in gap, calculates knot by heat conductivity=0.039 of EPS sheet correction × 1.2=0.0468w/m k Really.
5. the safety of structure of thin-coat plaster heat-preserving wall is bad, and the foot of people can not be stepped on the windowsill outside window, it is easy to Heat-insulation layer is stepped on that splitting comes off causes danger.
Problem above is all caused by window structure imperfection.
China under Europe expert instructs, the passive type energy saving house of energy-conservation 90%, exterior-wall heat insulation at Pilot project construction tens All use thin-coat plaster heat-preserving wall.Passive type energy saving house requires that wall heat transfer coefficient is not more than 0.15w/m2K, by subordinate list 1 is visible, even if EPS sheet thickness reaches 300mm thickness, is also unsatisfactory for the wall heat transfer coefficient of passive type energy saving house requirement, and thin Heat-preserving wall hole fire prevention of plastering is bad, waterproof bad.
Therefore now the passive type energy saving house heat-preserving wall of Pilot project construction takes following two measures:
1) window is moved on on the heat-insulation layer outside hole, increase the distance that window abutment wall body distance is outdoor, thus increase heat Resistance reduces hole perimeter walls body heat bridge.In order to install window, angle steel support is installed outside base course wall, angle steel is installed wood Plate, window is installed on plank, sees Fig. 6, but window still be unable to do without base course wall, still leans against outside base course wall.This constructs room Although outer cold spot increased to the thermal resistance of base course wall, reduce the heat that window periphery body of wall runs off, increase than subordinate list 1 Wall heat transfer coefficient reduce about 50%, but the thermal resistance of window periphery body of wall is still far smaller than main wall heat resistance, door and window mouth periphery Heat bridge yet suffers from, and is still unsatisfactory for building the requirement of passive type energy saving house.
2) the most also employing is mutually inserted, has dovetail type groove, density 30kg/m3Graphite EPS sheet is (because of 20kg/m3Low-density EPS sheet can not be mutually inserted), can not consider that the adverse effect in EPS sheet gap, EPS sheet heat conductivity take 0.032w/m k, The most substantially can reach wall heat transfer coefficient and be not more than 0.15w/m2The requirement of k.But " the civil buildings revised according to China Thermal Design specification " data of GB50176 rough draft, heat conductivity when ordinary white EPS sheet is dried also is 0.032w/m k, Graphite EPS sheet is nonhygroscopic?There are currently no according to saying that graphite EPS sheet is nonhygroscopic.If graphite EPS sheet moisture absorption heat conductivity is also Should take 0.039w/m k, such wall heat transfer coefficient reality about reaches 0.2w/m2K, does not still meet heat transfer coefficient 0.15w/ m2The requirement of k.
Applicant, it is proposed that door-window opening heat insulation break bridge structure, is also that window is placed into heat-insulation layer outside hole On, the connection steel disc of window is cross-linked with trimming bar and base course wall.So need window is first installed, by the connection of window Steel disc elder generation and thereabout bar connecting, then pour pea gravel concreten in narrow space around window reinforcing bar.Disconnected because pouring Face is the least, pours the degree of depth it is generally required to deep to 1.5m, it is difficult to pouring, hole wet trade is many, construction inconvenience, and pollutes window Section bar.And outside hole, around end bar, have pea gravel concreten to be just thinned hole periphery insulation layer thickness, increase hole heat transfer.
Applicant once participated on March 24th, 2015~within 25th, hold in Beijing " the 11st green building with Building energy conservation conference and new technique and new product fair ".This is the technical conference of the annual maximum-norm of building industry, number of participants Reaching 1.5 ten thousand people, meeting sets 30 Duo Gefen forums.In Hui, applicant have participated in afternoon on the 24th " green building material and peripheral protective Structure " point forum, also participates in the morning on the 25th " Central European low-carbon ecological urban collaboration project seminar " point forum.
When " green building material and peripheral structure " point forum closes to an end, the people Song Bo that presides over the meeting (grind by Chinese architecture science Study carefully institute middle level leader, professor) allow everybody ask a question discussion.First the engineer having a designing institute makes a suggestion, and says that let us is joined Adding meeting, the technology that result is the best, to this, we have complaints, and director Song says and to report to the firmly portion of building.Whom director Song inquires again Problematic, nobody's response, then I asks a question, and present energy-saving heat-insulating wall fire takes place frequently, malignant fire thing even occurs Therefore, and the passage of heat losses is many, unfavorable to body of wall energy-saving heat preserving, poor durability, this be existing energy-saving heat-insulating body technique not Improve caused, but this is soluble, as long as being first mounted with that outside heat-insulation layer wall gone up again by the prefabricated panels such as cement fibrolite plate Installing, and install cement fibrolite plate, not only fire safety in window side, durability increases substantially, and reduces significantly Window periphery heat bridge, improves body of wall energy-saving heat preserving effect.But being limited by the time, Song Bo does not allow and speaks more.Song Bo says, you are the most petty does not reports Name conference speech, I say that 50,000 yuans are paid in speech, and I am out of funds.
" Central European low-carbon ecological urban collaboration project seminar " point forum meeting participant has Europe to help China Reconstructs low Tens European experts of carbon ecocity, also Zhuhai, Wujin etc. are several declares the governmental leading official building low-carbon ecological city, And other people that this project is interested in.At the end of forum incites somebody to action, presiding Zhu Jianbu International Co-operation Office director Tong Guichan allows Everybody asks a question, and nobody asks a question.Only I asks a question, and builds green building and low-carbon ecological city will ensure building Safety, durability, and build low energy building, but the thin-coat plaster all used in the passive type energy saving house built at present Heat-preserving wall does not meets the requirement of safety, durability.External heat insulating wall fire takes place frequently and malignant fire accident even occurs;Especially That skyscraper catches fire and poor durability brings great difficulty to rescue and maintenance, although window structure take certain every Hot broken bridge structure, but window heat bridge is the most, and window fire prevention is bad, and this does not meets wanting of green building and low-carbon ecological city Ask.Director Tong Guichan says, every kind of energy-saving wall technology is respectively arranged with its pluses and minuses, and meeting is busy to be allowed me just speak more to finish.
Above-mentioned true explanation, the whole world does not the most solve the problems of energy-saving heat-insulating wall, including not solving the present invention The problems that described construction wall door and window mouth exists.
How to avoid the wall damage of door and window mouth during earthquake?How to increase thereabout fire prevention, water resistance, reduce fire Loss?Window periphery heat bridge how is greatly reduced?How to reduce window periphery construction and installation wet trade?This is that the present invention to solve Problem certainly.
Summary of the invention
For increasing the fire prevention of door thereabout, water resistance, for improving body of wall safety, durability, for window is greatly reduced Mouthful periphery heat bridge, improves the energy-saving heat preserving performance of energy-saving heat-insulating wall, and during for avoiding earthquake, door and window mouth destroys, and the present invention proposes one Plant wall body door or window outlet structure.
A kind of wall body door or window outlet structure one of the present invention, it includes door and window mouth, door and window mouth side protective layer;
Described door and window mouth is the door-window opening arranged on body of wall;Described door and window mouth side protective layer is prefabricated panels protection Layer;Described prefabricated panels protective layer is cement fibrolite plate or calcium silicate board or magnesite board, or prefabricated panels protective layer is with above-mentioned Sheet material has other prefabricated panels of similar performance;
Door and window mouth side protective layer is arranged on the side of door and window mouth, and door and window mouth side protective layer is connected with door and window mouth;Will Window is installed on door and window mouth side protective layer, or is installed to by window on the body of wall of door and window mouth.
A kind of wall body door or window outlet structure two of the present invention, it includes door and window mouth, door and window mouth side protective layer, the net of tension;
Described door and window mouth is the door-window opening arranged on body of wall;Described door and window mouth side protective layer is protective layer of plastering; The net of tension is had in described protective layer of plastering;
The net of tension is sandwiched in door and window mouth side coat of plaster;Window is installed on door and window mouth side protective layer, or will Window is installed on the body of wall of door and window mouth.
The technique effect of the present invention:
1, energy-saving heat preserving effect is best
Embodiment of the present invention one~embodiment three can make passage (i.e. heat bridge) minimum of door and window mouth heat losses, energy-conservation Heat insulation effect exceedes the most best thin-coat plaster heat-preserving wall, significant to body of wall energy-saving heat preserving.
See in embodiment one and embodiment two about the elaboration in " problem of solution and effect ".
The United Nations once issued report display in March, 2007, and the emission reduction effect that green building and building energy conservation are contained wants big The all greenhouse gas emissions required in Kyoto Protocol, are equivalent to three times of the predetermined CER of Kyoto Protocol. This explanation building energy conservation is reducing greenhouse gas emission, the important function reduced in dust emission.
The present invention can promote the building energy conservation in China and the whole world to rise to the standard of extremely low energy consumption, for China with the whole world significantly Degree reduces carbon emission and dust emission, improves air quality and plays an important role, and the building energy conservation of China can be walked in the whole world Prostatitis, plays a significant role in world's minimizing carbon emission is promised to undertake by China.
2, cost is greatly lowered
The present invention is minimum because of window heat bridge, if body of wall uses the applicant of publication number CN104234256A to propose Patented technology, when exterior cover sheets 1-8 uses prefabricated panels protective layer, EPS sheet can form seamless installation, use ordinary white 20kg/m3Low-density EPS sheet 300mm is thick, just can be really achieved wall heat transfer coefficient 0.15w/m2K, reduces EPS warming plate and makes About 100 yuan/m of valency3!Can significantly promote the passive type energy saving house construction of universal energy-conservation 90%.
3, a kind of energy-saving heat-insulating wall door and window mouth of the present invention has good fireproof, waterproof good performance simultaneously, thus increases Energy-saving heat-insulating wall durability, this is not available for the thin-coat plaster heat-preserving wall that Present Global uses.
4, embodiment of the present invention one~embodiment three window assembled dry method are installed, and meet assembled installation direction, Advantageously ensure that installation quality.
Embodiment one~embodiment three install door and window mouth side protective layer at door and window mouth side, and at exterior door window Periphery installs precast heated board ornamental strip, installs precast heated board sheet at interior door window periphery, is all assembled dry method peace Dress, does not has situ wet job execution, and speed is fast, saves artificial, meets assembled installation direction, and convenient window of installing, favorably In ensureing installation quality.
5, the favourable building aseismicity of the present invention.
A kind of wall body door or window outlet structure of the present invention is greatly increased door and window mouth rigidity, intensity, and during earthquake, body of wall is survivable. Even if thin-coat plaster heat-preserving wall uses door and window outlet structure of the present invention, riding of people also can ensure safety on outside window sill.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment one window side profile, and body of wall 1-1 is the common wall being fitted without heat-insulation layer, represents Body of wall 1-1 be air entrained concrete, the exterior cover sheets 1-8 of air entrained concrete is coat of plaster.
Fig. 2 is also embodiment one window side profile, and body of wall 1-1 is energy-saving heat-insulating wall, inside heat-insulation layer 1-1-3 Being concrete, the exterior cover sheets 1-8 outside heat-insulation layer 1-1-3 is siphonal lobe masonry or concrete.
Fig. 3 is also embodiment one window side profile, and body of wall 1-1 is energy-saving heat-insulating wall, inside heat-insulation layer 1-1-3 Being concrete, use the patented technology that the applicant of publication number CN104234256A proposes, exterior cover sheets 1-8 is pre- Panel protective layer.
Fig. 4 is also embodiment one window side profile, and body of wall 1-1 is energy-saving heat-insulating wall, inside heat-insulation layer 1-1-3 It is air entrained concrete, uses the patented technology that the applicant of publication number CN104234256A proposes, exterior cover sheets 1-8 For prefabricated panels protective layer.
Fig. 5 is also embodiment one window side profile, and body of wall 1-1 is energy-saving heat-insulating wall, inside heat-insulation layer 1-1-3 Being concrete, heat-insulation layer 1-1-3 exterior cover sheets 1-8 is polymer mortar thin-coat plaster protective layer.
Fig. 6 is current passive type energy saving house described in background technology for by window, for being installed to outside door-window opening by window Heat-insulation layer on, outside base course wall install angle steel support, boarding on angle steel, window be installed on plank structure Figure.
Fig. 7 is three kinds of organigrams of sheet metal 7, needs to select according to use, and sheet metal 7 can also select other to execute The structure that work is easy for installation.
Fig. 8 is the outdoor window periphery decorative heat preservation bar 9 profile construction drawing that embodiment two is installed.
Fig. 9 is the embodiment two outdoor elevation after exterior door window periphery installs decorative heat preservation bar 9, and represents real Execute the door and window mouth 1 on body of wall 1-1 in mode one and embodiment four.
Figure 10 is embodiment four window side profile, and body of wall 1-1 is air entrained concrete, the outside guarantor of air entrained concrete Sheath 1-8 is coat of plaster.
Figure 11 is embodiment four window side profile, and body of wall 1-1 is to install heat-insulation layer the outside of air entrained concrete The energy-saving heat-insulating wall of 1-1-3, the exterior cover sheets 1-8 of heat-insulation layer 1-1-3 is polymer mortar thin-coat plaster protective layer.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one: see Fig. 1~Fig. 5 and Fig. 9, a kind of wall body door or window outlet structure of present embodiment, it is by door and window Mouth 1, door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 composition;
Described door and window mouth 1 is the door-window opening arranged on body of wall 1-1, sees Fig. 9;Described body of wall 1-1 is various body of wall, as Masonry panel (including load-bearing masonry panel or non-bearing masonry panel), concrete walls, and various assembled body of wall: include light Type assembled body of wall, heavy assembled body of wall, or be various energy-saving heat-insulating wall.I.e. body of wall 1-1 can be uneasy dress heat-insulation layer Traditional body of wall, or body of wall 1-1 is to install the energy-saving heat-insulating wall after heat-insulation layer 1-1-3;Generally there is outside the outside of body of wall 1-1 Protective layer 1-8, as protective layer of plastering, is shown in Fig. 1;Or the exterior cover sheets 1-8 of energy-saving heat-insulating wall is siphonal lobe masonry or siphonal lobe Concrete, is shown in Fig. 2;Or exterior cover sheets 1-8 is prefabricated panels protective layer, see Fig. 3, Fig. 4;Or exterior cover sheets 1-8 is polymerization Thing mortar thin-coat plaster protective layer, is shown in Fig. 5;Or the body of wall that body of wall 1-1 is other new material composition;
Described door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 is prefabricated panels protective layer;Described prefabricated panels protective layer is Cement fibre Plate or calcium silicate board or magnesite board, or prefabricated panels protective layer is to have other prefabricated panels of similar performance with above-mentioned sheet material, Prefabricated panels such as the processing of current useful building waste;Described similar performance such as fire protecting performance, water resistance, durability, size Stability, intensity etc. should meet use requirement;Prefabricated panels protective layer does not include metallic plate.
Door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 is arranged on the side of door and window mouth 1, door and window mouth 1 side protective layer 8-1 and door and window mouth 1 connects, and including with other anchor bolts such as steel nail or tapping screw, or/and bonding connection, is connected according to door and window mouth 1 side The difference of material selects different connected modes;
Window 4 is installed on door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1, or window 4 is installed on the body of wall 1-1 of door and window mouth 1, As window 4 being connected with body of wall 1-1 or with door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 with connecting steel disc 4-1, or with connection steel disc 4-1 general Window 4 is cross-linked with body of wall 1-1 and door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1.
Door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 is recommended to select cement fibrolite plate or calcium silicate board, if magnesite board meets durability and wants Ask and also may be used.Calcium silicate board or cement fibrolite plate good endurance, good fireproof, price is relatively low, and heat conductivity is relatively low, about 0.3w/ m2K, about cement mortar heat conductivity 0.93w/m2The 1/3 of k, is equivalent to 3mm solid cement mortar plastering layer during thickness 10mm Heat bridge, increases window heat transfer seldom.
Door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 width of installing on body of wall 1-1 determines according to the material of body of wall 1-1, such as wall When body 1-1 is concrete walls, see Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the connection width installing width and body of wall 1-1 of door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 Can be narrower, see Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, because need not door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 to increase the intensity of concrete walls;At body of wall 1- 1 when being masonry panel, sees Fig. 1, Fig. 4, door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 fundamental need all standing body of wall 1-1, in order to increases door and window The intensity of mouth 1.
When body of wall 1-1 is energy-saving heat-insulating wall, it is recommended that door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 is installed by following three kinds of modes:
1) energy-saving heat-insulating wall is sandwiched thermal-insulating wall or body of wall that energy-saving heat-insulating wall is plug-in concrete heat-insulating wallboard Time, see Fig. 2, direct and siphonal lobe masonry or plug-in concrete heat-insulating wallboard outside, the outer end of door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 is mixed Solidifying protective soil layer connects;Or also set sheet metal 7, sheet metal 7 and door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 be connected, sheet metal 7 also with The outer concrete protective layer of siphonal lobe masonry or plug-in concrete heat-insulating wallboard connects, thus by door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 It is connected with the outer concrete protective layer of siphonal lobe masonry or plug-in concrete heat-insulating wallboard.
2), when energy-saving heat-insulating wall is thin-coat plaster heat-preserving wall, sheet metal 7 can be set.Sheet metal 7 and thin-coat plaster heat-preserving wall Polymer mortar external protection bonding connection, door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 is connected with sheet metal 7, sees Fig. 5.
3) (public affairs when energy-saving heat-insulating wall is the outside external heat insulating wall installing cement fibrolite plate or calcium silicate board external protection The number of opening CN104234256A, the body of wall patented technology that applicant proposes), sheet metal 7 can be set.Door and window mouth side is protected Layer 8-1 is connected with sheet metal 7, and sheet metal 7 also external protection with cement fibrolite plate or calcium silicate board is connected, and sees Fig. 3, Fig. 4, from And door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 is connected with the exterior cover sheets of cement fibrolite plate or calcium silicate board.
Because present embodiment can be with tapping screw through the connection steel disc 4-1 of window 4 and through door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 is connected with sheet metal 7, and sheet metal 7 is arranged close on the outside angle of window, so base can be left in the position that window 4 is installed Layer body of wall 1, increases the distance of the outdoor cold spot of distance at base course wall window, increases the thermal resistance of body of wall at this, reduce window heat bridge Impact, when heat-insulation layer is thicker, hole heat bridge can be close to " 0 ".
Present embodiment is technically characterized in that with the key difference of disclosed technology
The passive type energy saving house that present embodiment is being built under Europe expert instructs with China described in background technology Window structure (Fig. 6) contrast, and the common quality defect present situation that current window exists understands: at present the whole world is fitted without prefabricated Sheet material protective layer is as the regulation of wall body door or window mouth lateral protection layer or case history.
Present embodiment is unexistent in existing wall technology, is not obvious.Window the most for many years The common quality defect of mouth does not use the basic solution of present embodiment?For the most national commonly used thin-coat plaster insulated wall The window in body and all not having present embodiment in other body of wall constructs?Why Europe expert instructs at the tens of China Reconstructs Passive type energy saving house engineering does not all have this to construct so that the window of the passive type energy saving house of China Reconstructs all exists background technology Described various problems?
At present in standard collective drawings and engineering practice, all there is no the rule of this wall body door or window outlet structure of present embodiment Fixed, even if also there is no this energy-saving heat-insulating wall door and window mouth of embodiment of the present invention one in the Europe that whole world building energy conservation is leading Structure, this explanation embodiment one is that prior art is unexistent, is not obvious.
The problem of present embodiment solution and effect:
1) good fireproof
Present embodiment is installed door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 and is greatly increased fire savety, and flame can not directly burn Window periphery organic insulation material, can effectively stop fire spread;Even if heat-insulation layer is inorganic heat insulation material, also protects and reduce The loss of inorganic heat insulation material during fire.
2) waterproof good, good endurance
Door and window mouth waterproof bad be building common quality defect, Germany expert instruct China passive type energy saving house be at windowsill Upper installation apron flashing is waterproof, and as waterproof with the apron flashing of rustless steel or plastic material, Thin Stainless Steel, heat transfer are fast, rustless steel or mould Material material apron flashing to increase window fire protecting performance, to protection organic insulation material fire prevention unfavorable.Calcium silicate board or cement are fine Dimension plate has the water resistance of satisfied requirement (about the detection regulation of water resistance in such as technical standard: inspection in 24 hours is permitted Permitted the back side occur wet trace but do not allow that water droplet occurs), good endurance, window side is mounted with cement fibrolite plate or calcium silicate board etc. Prefabricated panels, window is waterproof good, in particularly rainwater will not enter into the body of wall of windowsill, will not enter at windowsill in heat-insulation layer Side, can thoroughly solve the waterproof bad common quality defect of window, good endurance.
3) energy-saving heat preserving is good, heat that window periphery run off can be greatly reduced, and reduce energy-saving heat-insulating wall cost
When body of wall 1-1 is energy-saving heat-insulating wall, window 4 is installed on door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1, window can be made Traditional base course wall is left at family, and (base course wall refers to the body of wall built by laying bricks or stones or concrete wall or the body of wall of precoated plate, base course wall It is in the body of wall inside heat-insulation layer 1-1-3, i.e. base course wall and does not include heat-insulation layer 1-1-3), thus increase outdoor cold spot to room The distance of interior base course wall, increases window periphery thermal resistance.The most this structure is more scientific, not only convenient the and energy-conservation guarantor of construction and installation Temp effect is significantly larger than the window structure of Fig. 6.Owing to decreasing the heat that window periphery runs off, so that it may use common density 20kg/ m3, the benzene plate of thick 300mm, once mounting is just, it is possible to decrease about 100 yuan/m of insulation material cost2, also reduce the labour cost of installation With, and do not occur long-distance transport purchase can be mutually inserted, have dovetail type groove, density 30kg/m3The expense of EPS sheet at high price.
When in passive type energy saving house, heat-insulation layer is thicker, the window of thin-coat plaster heat-preserving wall just can move on to outside hole, but window Family also be unable to do without base course wall, only reduces window heat bridge about 50%, and when heat-insulation layer is relatively thin, window cannot move on to hole Outward;And the door and window outlet structure of present embodiment, when heat-insulation layer is relatively thin, it is also possible to window is moved on to outside body of wall 1-1, significantly Reduce window heat bridge.
Subordinate list 2 is heat-insulation layer EPS sheet thickness when being listed five kinds of thickness in table, the body of wall mean heat transfer coefficient ginseng of the present invention Examine table: 1), EPS sheet thickness be not more than 120mm, outside window, the distance with sheet metal 7 exterior angle is not more than 60mm;2), EPS sheet is thick Time between degree 120~150mm, outside window, the distance with sheet metal 7 exterior angle is not more than 80mm;3), heat-insulation layer EPS sheet thickness is not During less than 150mm, outside window, the distance with sheet metal 7 exterior angle is not more than 100mm.
Being understood with subordinate list 2 Data Comparison by subordinate list 1, when EPS sheet thickness is more than 150mm, door and window mouth takes the heat insulation of Fig. 6 to break Bridge constructs, and the most about reduces by the heat transfer of 50%, but still is 5~10 times of door and window mouth heat bridge of the present invention.
Subordinate list 2 body of wall mean heat transfer coefficient reference table w/m2·k
4) safety of structure is good
Cement fibrolite plate or calcium silicate board or magnesite board have higher-strength, install above-mentioned prefabricated panels as door and window mouth side Protective layer, then take other ancillary method, as the seam crossing at door and window mouth side protective layer vertically and horizontally installs square Zinc-plated thin-walled steel plate, is connected with each other, and can increase door and window mouth strength and stiffness, increases the resistance to tension of corner, it is to avoid ground During shake, at window, body of wall destroys along oblique angle.This structure is especially critically important to masonry panel.
Present embodiment is because having prefabricated panels as door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1, it is possible to windowsill local pressure is led to Crossing prefabricated panels protective layer and pass to other position adjacent, stress safety, the foot of people just can be stepped on outside window sill.I.e. embodiment party The structure of formula one has heat-insulating bridge-cut-off simultaneously increases insulation, fire prevention, the waterproof and effect of structural safety, and the structure of embodiment one Make and more convenient window is installed neatly.
The cement polymer mortar thin-coat plaster protective layer difference from coat of plaster is: coat of plaster is thicker, such as steel wire net rack The external water cement mortar coat of plaster of cement sandwich plate, general thickness is not less than 25mm, cement polymer mortar thin-coat plaster protective layer Relatively thin, thickness about 3~10mm, there are macromolecule adhesive and glass fiber reticular cloth in cement polymer mortar thin-coat plaster protective layer, use In plastering with the material surface being difficult to bond, and for preventing the finish coat of cracking.
Cement fibrolite plate or calcium silicate board are applied primarily on decoration now, or the template as cast-in-place concrete, and Do not expect and can be used on door and window outlet structure.
Embodiment two: see that Fig. 1~Fig. 4, Fig. 7~Fig. 9, the present embodiment difference from embodiment one are, this reality The mode of executing increases installation room external door window periphery insulation lines 9, or/and increase installation room inside door window side heat-insulation layer 3-1, room Inside door window side protective layer 8-2;
Described exterior door window periphery heat preservation strip 9 is that the precast heated board sheet having prefabricated panels protective layer (is i.e. provided with The precast heated board sheet of prefabricated panels protective layer), or first install insulation thin plate prefabricated panels protective layer, prefabricated thermal insulation are installed again Plate sheet can be formed with insulation material combination with the material in door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1;Or the insulation of exterior door window periphery Bar is that thin-coat plaster is incubated lines;
Described interior door window side protective layer 8-2 is prefabricated panels protective layer, described prefabricated panels be calcium silicate board or Cement fibrolite plate or be magnesite board, or for having other prefabricated panels of similar performance with above-mentioned sheet material, or prefabricated panels be wooden Lumber or plastic plate.
When interior door window side protective layer 8-2 is wooden boards or plastic plate, just interior decoration is incubated with window Engineering is united, although prevent fires bad, but as long as ensureing that fire does not spread to also comply with requirement.
Present embodiment is incubated lines 9 at energy-saving heat-insulating wall exterior door window side installation room external door window periphery, can Use to paste to install or paste and add the method that crab-bolt is installed.
When present embodiment installation room inside door window side heat-insulation layer 3-1, interior door window side protective layer 8-2, can be first By compound for interior door window side heat-insulation layer 3-1 and interior door window side protective layer 8-2 bonding, form prefabricated thermal insulation thin plate, Then prefabricated thermal insulation sheet metal assembly formula is installed to interior door window side;Or first paste window side heat-insulation layer 3-in installation room 1, then paste window side protective layer 8-2 in installation room.
Present embodiment installation room external door window periphery heat preservation strip 9, can increase further at indoor base course wall window away from From the distance of outdoor cold spot, the heat transfer that door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 increases also can be reduced.
Waterproof sealing is carried out at exterior door thereabout again after installation.
Embodiment one the most significantly reduces the heat bridge of window, then uses present embodiment further lever gear door window , the most there is not the numerical value of the 6th in subordinate list 2 in heat-insulating bridge-cut-off effect, during otherwise body of wall mean heat transfer coefficient should be subordinate list 2 the 5th With the 6th sum.And exterior door window periphery heat preservation strip 9 can kill two birds with one stone simultaneously as door window adornments.
The problem of present embodiment solution and effect:
Present embodiment can increase window periphery thermal resistance, reduces the heat that window periphery runs off.Subordinate list 2 data do not include peace The data that dress interior door window side heat-insulation layer 3-1 is favourable to insulation;Embodiment two also increases the thermal resistance of window sectional material, makes position Door-window section bar heat transfer coefficient in indoor window side heat-insulation layer section local location can be identical with body of wall.Because the heat transfer of window Coefficient is the several times of body of wall, reduces the mean heat transfer coefficient of window sectional material, and energy-saving significance is the biggest.
Embodiment three: the present embodiment difference from embodiment one or two is, described installation door and window mouth side is protected Sheath 8-1, or installation room external door window periphery insulation lines 9, or installation room inside door window side heat-insulation layer 3-1 or installation room Inside door window side protective layer 8-2 is that dry method is installed;It is that direct brushing adhesive stick glues on mutual adhesive surface that described dry method is installed Knot, or/and connect with anchoring pieces such as tapping screw or steel nail or lentor nails.Such as:
1) at the door and window mouth side brushing adhesive made of synthetic resin of body of wall 1-1, body of wall 1-1 and door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 mutually bonds, or is also connected with door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 by body of wall 1-1 by steel nail or other crab-bolt.
2) direct brushing synthetic adhesive on the prefabricated panels of cement fibrolite plate or calcium silicate board or magnesite board, insulation Layer bonds with it, or/and brushing adhesive made of synthetic resin on heat-insulation layer, prefabricated panels is bondd with heat-insulation layer, outside forming chamber Door and window mouth periphery insulation lines 9.
3) or/and on window perimeter bond position, brushing adhesive stick, by outdoor on exterior door window periphery dress temperature bar 9 Window periphery decorative heat preservation bar 9 is pasted onto around exterior door window hole, also can add the anchors such as steel nail, tapping screw or lentor nail Bolt is fixed, and not only strengthens the insulation of outdoor, hole but also decorated door-window opening.
4) interior door window side protective layer 8-1 is bondd with heat-insulation layer, by interior door window side protective layer 8-1 and wall Body connects and is connected with steel-sheet, and installation room inside door window side heat-insulation layer, interior door window side protective layer all use Dry method is installed, i.e. brushing adhesive made of synthetic resin is bonding or/and use anchor bolts.
Do not have around hole to plaster during dry method installation wet trade, including not having cement mortar to plaster or cement polymer mortar The wet trade plastered, dry method installation rate is fast, and job site is clean, meets assembled direction.
The external protection of exterior door window periphery heat preservation strip 9, interior door window side protective layer 8-2 is recommended all to use prefabricated Sheet material protective layer, than current outdoor use thin-coat plaster heat insulation decorative line good fireproof, good endurance.
It is current joint that embodiment three and the key difference of disclosed technology are technically characterized in that the dry method of the present invention is installed Energy heat-preservation wall door and window outlet structure construction technology does not has, is not obvious.
Applicant has carried out the unremitting research more than 13 years to wall technology, has learnt multi-specialized knowledge, utilizes knot The multi-subject knowledge of structure specialty, Building technology, Architecural Physics, building thermal technique specialty, understands the relevant knowledge of chemical adhesive, selects Good endurance, it is easy to the adhesive of construction, and grasps multiple building materials performance, according to the thinking of system engineering, play difference The advantage of material, it is to avoid its shortcoming, optimizes wall structure, constructs including the window proposing the present invention, and proposes embodiment three Dry method install construction technology.
Why other architectural disciplines personage does not propose present embodiment?
Present embodiment had both needed there is certain understanding to chemical adhesive, need to select suitable adhesive kind, also to know Road building industry needs the problems solved, and defines a huge wide gap between two fields, it is difficult to cross over.Because being ignorant of The relevant knowledge of adhesive, just can not put forward the construction technology that dry method is installed.
Adhesive should meet required elasticity, adhesion strength, the requirement of durability.Such as Lushan, Henan nursing house catches fire and leads Cause 38 people dead.Applicant is thought: not only due to insulation material is combustible material, also as between steel plate and heat-insulation layer Bonding failure is mutually disengaged, and enters air, flashes over because also will not burn when not having air, makes whole house Fire.At present steel plate is polyurethane adhesive with the adhesive of heat-insulation layer bonding, polyurethane adhesive is the most ageing-resistant, and time length is protected Temperature layer and iron sheet depart from entrance air.There is electric spark once circuit aging, light insulation material and because of stack effect so that be color The house moment of color heat-insulating steel plate flashes over cannot succour.Therefore the adhesive kind that energy-saving heat-insulating wall is selected is critically important.At present Adhesive kind, because being ignorant of adhesive, is not made stipulations by building trade.
Applicant consults the online expert of online chemical industry, adhesive producer technical staff for many years, understands a bit The knowledge of adhesive.Recommending to select to meet and use the polyacrylate dispersion required, consumption is few, convenient brushing bonding, price is low, Durability, resistance to water are the best.Be positioned at not by ultraviolet irradiate under the conditions of polyacrylate dispersion durable years can more than 50 years, The polyacrylate dispersion selecting suitable kind is suitable for the aeroelastic requirements under the outdoor low temperature in most area.And adhesive solidification Hurry up, hardening time, adjustable, met operable time requirement.Although other kind adhesive can also be pasted, some constructions are grasped Making inconvenience, some durability are bad, and some prices are high.And polyacrylate dispersion inherently waterproof material, dry method is executed Man-hour increases again window water resistance with polyacrylate dispersion.New adhesive kind continues to bring out, and other may be also had to meet Require the adhesive of kind.
Embodiment four: see Figure 10, Figure 11, a kind of wall body door or window outlet structure of present embodiment, it be by door and window mouth 1, Door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1, the net 5 of tension form;
Described door and window mouth 1 is the door-window opening arranged on body of wall 1-1, sees Fig. 9;Described body of wall 1-1 is various body of wall, as Masonry panel (including load-bearing masonry panel or non-bearing masonry panel), concrete walls, and various assembled body of wall: include light Type assembled body of wall, heavy assembled body of wall, or be various energy-saving heat-insulating wall.I.e. body of wall 1-1 can be uneasy dress heat-insulation layer Traditional body of wall, or body of wall 1-1 is to install the energy-saving heat-insulating wall after heat-insulation layer 1-1-3;Generally there is outside the outside of body of wall 1-1 Protective layer 1-8, as protective layer of plastering, is shown in Fig. 1;Or the exterior cover sheets 1-8 of energy-saving heat-insulating wall is siphonal lobe masonry or siphonal lobe Concrete, is shown in Fig. 2;Or exterior cover sheets 1-8 is prefabricated panels protective layer, see Fig. 3, Fig. 4;Or exterior cover sheets 1-8 is polymerization Thing mortar thin-coat plaster protective layer, is shown in Fig. 5;Or the body of wall that body of wall 1-1 is other new material composition;
Described door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 is protective layer of plastering, door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 and door and window mouth 1 side Connect;The net 5 of tension is had in described protective layer of plastering;The net 5 of described tension is alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh, basalt fibre net, metal Net or other high-strength net;The net 5 of tension is had in door and window mouth 1 side coat of plaster;
Window 4 is installed on door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1, or window 4 is installed on the body of wall 1-1 of door and window mouth 1, As window 4 being connected with body of wall 1-1 or with door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1 with connecting steel disc 4-1, or with connection steel disc 4-1 general Window 4 is cross-linked with body of wall 1-1 and door and window mouth side protective layer 8-1.
Because coat of plaster heat conductivity is higher, heating districts is not suitable for by present embodiment.But to non-heating region or Building less demanding to building energy conservation can use, because there being the net 5 of tension in the coat of plaster of present embodiment, turns at window At angle, the net 5 of tension is connected as a single entity, favourable to strengthening window, it is difficult to during earthquake occur diagonal crack to destroy along window corner, There is effect that safety of structure is good equally.Particularly now with basalt fibre three-dimensional net rack, its stress performance is more preferable, can be by The basalt fibre three-dimensional net rack of thickness 10mm is arranged on window side and plasters.
Another shortcoming of present embodiment is that scene wet trade of plastering is many.When being inconvenient to select prefabricated panels, can use this Embodiment strengthens window, installs after window and can install insulation thin plate or periphery is plastered, waterproof sealing at indoor and outdoor window.
Present embodiment is technically characterized in that with the key difference of disclosed technology
Present embodiment is favourable to antidetonation.But at present in standard collective drawings and engineering practice, there is no present embodiment The regulation of this wall body door or window outlet structure, nobody expects that the net increase window installing tension in window surrounding coat of plaster is resisted The ability destroyed.This explanation embodiment four is that prior art is unexistent, is not obvious.

Claims (5)

1. a wall body door or window outlet structure, it includes door and window mouth,
It is characterized in that, it also includes door and window mouth side protective layer;
Described door and window mouth is the door-window opening arranged on body of wall;Described door and window mouth side protective layer is prefabricated panels protective layer; Described prefabricated panels protective layer is cement fibrolite plate or calcium silicate board or magnesite board, or prefabricated panels protective layer is and above-mentioned sheet material There is other prefabricated panels of similar performance;
Door and window mouth side protective layer is arranged on the side of door and window mouth, and door and window mouth side protective layer is connected with door and window mouth;By window It is installed on door and window mouth side protective layer, or window is installed on the body of wall of door and window mouth.
A kind of wall body door or window outlet structure the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, it also includes that installation room external door window periphery is incubated lines, or/and also include installation room inside door window side Limit heat-insulation layer, interior door window side protective layer;
Described exterior door window periphery insulation lines are the precast heated board sheet having prefabricated panels protective layer, or protect for thin-coat plaster Temperature lines;
Described interior door window side protective layer is prefabricated panels protective layer, and described prefabricated panels is calcium silicate board or Cement fibre Plate or be magnesite board, or for having other prefabricated panels of similar performance with above-mentioned sheet material, or be wooden boards or plastic plate.
A kind of wall body door or window outlet structure the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, described installation door and window mouth side protective layer, or installation room external door window periphery insulation lines, or installation room Inside door window side heat-insulation layer, installation room inside door window side protective layer are that dry method is installed.
A kind of wall body door or window outlet structure the most according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, described installation door and window mouth side protective layer, or installation room external door window periphery insulation lines, or installation room Inside door window side heat-insulation layer, installation room inside door window side protective layer are that dry method is installed.
5. a wall body door or window outlet structure, it includes door and window mouth, door and window mouth side protective layer;
It is characterized in that, it also includes the net of tension;
Described door and window mouth is the door-window opening arranged on body of wall;Described door and window mouth side protective layer is protective layer of plastering, door and window Mouth side protective layer is connected with door and window mouth side;The net of tension is had in described protective layer of plastering;
The net of tension is sandwiched in door and window mouth side coat of plaster;Window is installed on door and window mouth side protective layer, or by window It is installed on the body of wall of door and window mouth.
CN201521129161.7U 2015-01-03 2015-12-24 Wall body door and window mouth structure Expired - Fee Related CN205530780U (en)

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