WO2016106769A1

WO2016106769A1 - Door/window opening structure of wall

Info

Publication number: WO2016106769A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/000934
Authority: WO
Inventors: 吴淑环
Original assignee: 吴淑环
Priority date: 2015-01-03
Filing date: 2015-12-28
Publication date: 2016-07-07
Also published as: CN205530780U; CN105672526A; CN105888094A

Abstract

A door/window opening structure of a wall comprises a door/window opening (1) and a door/window opening side edge protection layer (8-1). The door/window opening side edge protection layer (8-1) is a prefabricated plate protection layer, and the prefabricated plate protection layer is a cement fiber board or a calcium silicate board or a magnesite board. The door/window opening side edge protection layer (8-1) is installed on the side edge of the door/window opening (1); and a window (4) is installed on the door/window opening side edge protection layer (8-1) or the window (4) is installed on a wall (1-1) of the door/window opening (1). Another door/window opening structure of a wall comprises a door/window opening (1), a door/window opening side edge protection layer (8-1) and a tensile net (5). The door/window opening side edge protection layer (8-1) is a plastering protection layer, and the plastering protection layer is provided with the tensile net (5). A window (4) is installed on the door/window opening side edge protection layer (8-1) or the window (4) is installed on a wall (1-1) of the door/window opening (1). The door/window opening structure of the wall has small window thermal bridges, desirable fireproof and waterproof performance and high structural safety.

Description

Wall door window structure

Technical field

The invention relates to a building wall door window construction.

Background technique

1. The external walls are weakened by the opening of windows and doors. During the earthquake, oblique cracks along the four corners of the door window often occur. Can the door window stiffness and strength be increased to avoid and reduce the damage of the door window during the earthquake?

2. The poor waterproofing of the window is a common problem of the quality of the building, especially the lightweight wall of aerated concrete, and the energy-saving insulation wall of the externally installed insulation layer, often because of the window wall or between the insulation layer and the wall when it rains. The gap enters the water, causing the aerated concrete wall to break or the window insulation to fall off.

3. The window is a must for the fire when the fire is broken. The organic insulation material of the window is quickly burned and destroyed, even if it is made of inorganic insulation materials such as rock wool.

4. At present, in the energy-saving insulation wall, only the thin plastering insulation wall has the least heat loss, but the heat loss on the side of the door window is still high. This is because the window is installed on the base wall in the door and window opening, and the insulation of the wall around the door window is thin, so the heat loss of the wall around the hole is difficult to meet the requirements of building a low-energy building. See Table 1 for data.

Schedule 1 Thin plaster insulation wall heat transfer coefficient reference table w/m ² ·k

The data in Schedule 1 is based on the EPS board moisture content of 15%, taking the basic thermal conductivity of the EPS board 0.039w/m·k, and taking into account the adverse effects of the EPS board installation gap, the thermal conductivity corrected by the EPS board = 0.039 × 1.2 = 0.0468 w/m·k calculation result.

5. The structure safety of the thin plastering insulation wall is not good. The human foot can't step on the window sill outside the window, and it is easy to break the insulation layer and fall off.

The above problems are caused by imperfect window construction.

Under the guidance of European experts, China has piloted dozens of passive energy-saving houses with 90% energy saving. The external wall insulation uses thin plastering insulation walls. The passive energy-saving room requires that the wall heat transfer coefficient is not more than 0.15w/m ² ·k. It can be seen from the attached table that even if the thickness of the EPS plate reaches 300mm, the heat transfer coefficient of the wall required by the passive energy-saving house is not satisfied, and the thin wipe is applied. The ash insulation wall has poor fireproofing and poor waterproofing.

Therefore, the passive energy-saving house insulation wall currently under pilot construction has taken the following two measures:

1) Move the window to the insulation layer on the outside of the hole to increase the distance between the window wall and the outdoor, thereby increasing the thermal resistance and reducing the thermal bridge around the hole. In order to install the window, install the angle steel support on the outside of the base wall, install the wood on the angle steel, and install the window on the wooden board, as shown in Figure 6, but the window still cannot be separated from the base wall and still rests on the outside of the base wall. Although the thermal resistance of the outdoor cold spot to the base wall is increased, the heat loss of the wall around the window is reduced, and the heat transfer coefficient of the wall increased by about 50% compared with the attached table 1, but the wall surrounding the window is The thermal resistance is still far less than the thermal resistance of the main wall. The thermal bridge around the door window still exists, and still does not meet the requirements for the construction of passive energy-saving rooms.

2) Therefore, it also adopts mutually inserted, dovetail groove, density 30kg/m ³ graphite EPS board (because 20kg/m ³ low density EPS boards can not be plugged together), regardless of the adverse effects of EPS board gap, EPS The thermal conductivity of the plate is 0.032w/m·k, which basically meets the requirement that the wall heat transfer coefficient is not more than 0.15w/m ² ·k. However, according to the data of the draft GB50176 draft of the Civil Building Thermal Design Code, which is being revised in China, the thermal conductivity of the ordinary white EPS board when drying is also 0.032w/m·k. Is the graphite EPS board not absorbing moisture? There is no basis for saying that the graphite EPS board does not absorb moisture. If the moisture absorption coefficient of the graphite EPS plate should also be 0.039w/m·k, the wall heat transfer coefficient actually reaches about 0.2w/m ² ·k, which still does not meet the heat transfer coefficient of 0.15w/m ² ·k. .

The applicant of the patent has proposed a heat-insulating bridge structure for the door and window opening, and also places the window on the outer insulation layer of the hole, and the connecting steel piece of the window is interlaced with the hole reinforcement and the base wall. In this way, the window needs to be installed first, and the connecting steel piece of the window is first connected with the steel bar around the window, and then the fine stone concrete is poured in a small space around the window steel bar. Due to the small pouring section, the pouring depth generally needs to be 1.5m deep, which is difficult to pour, the wet operation of the hole is too much, the construction is inconvenient, and the window profiles are contaminated. Moreover, the fine stone concrete around the outer end of the hole is thinned to reduce the thickness of the insulation layer around the hole and increase the heat transfer at the hole.

The applicant of this patent participated in the “11th Green Building and Building Energy Conservation Conference and New Technology and New Products Expo” held in Beijing from March 24th to 25th, 2015. This is the largest technical conference in the construction industry each year, with 15,000 participants and more than 30 sub-forums. In the meeting, the applicant of this patent participated in the sub-forum “Green Building Materials and Exterior Protection Structure” on the afternoon of the 24th, and also participated in the “China-Europe Low Carbon Eco-city Cooperation Project Seminar” sub-forum on the morning of the 25th.

At the end of the sub-forum of “Green Building Materials and Peripheral Protection Structures”, the moderator Song Bo (middle-level leader and professor of China Academy of Building Research) asked everyone to discuss the issue. First of all, an engineer from the design institute gave an opinion and said that let us attend the meeting. There is no good technology. We have opinions on this. Director Song said that he would report to the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. Director Song asked who had problems, no one answered, so I asked the question, now the energy-saving insulation wall fires frequently occur, and even a vicious fire accident, and there are many channels for heat loss, which is unfavorable to the wall energy-saving insulation, and the durability is poor. This It is caused by the imperfect technology of the current energy-saving insulation wall, but this can be solved. As long as the prefabricated board such as cement fiber board is installed on the outside of the insulation layer and then installed on the wall, and the cement fiber board is installed on the side of the window, it is not only fireproof and durable. The performance is greatly improved, and the heat bridge around the window is greatly reduced, and the energy saving effect of the wall is improved. However, due to time constraints, Song Bo will not let more say. Song Bo said, why don't you sign up for the conference, I said that I have to pay 50,000 yuan for the speech, I have no money.

The “China-Europe Low-Carbon Eco-City Cooperation Project Seminar” sub-forum participants included more than a dozen European experts in Europe to help China build a low-carbon eco-city, as well as several government leaders who planned to build a low-carbon eco-city, such as Zhuhai and Wujin. And other people interested in this project. At the end of the forum, the International Cooperation Office of the Ministry of Housing and Construction, which presided over the meeting, asked the Director of the Department to ask questions and no one asked questions. Only I ask the question, the construction of green buildings and low-carbon eco-cities must ensure the safety and durability of the buildings, and the construction of low-energy buildings. However, the thin plaster insulation walls used in the passive energy-saving houses currently under construction do not meet the requirements. Safety and durability requirements. External thermal insulation wall fires frequently occur and even malignant fire accidents; especially high-rise buildings with fire and poor durability bring great difficulties to rescue and maintenance. Although the window structure adopts a certain thermal insulation bridge structure, the window thermal bridge still More, the window is not well fired, which does not meet the requirements of green buildings and low carbon eco-city. Director Guixi said that each type of energy-saving wall technology has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the meeting did not have time for me to say more.

The above facts indicate that there are many problems in the world of energy-saving heat insulation walls, including the problems that exist in solving the door window of the building wall according to the present invention.

How to avoid wall damage in the door window during an earthquake? How to increase the fireproof and waterproof performance around the window and reduce the fire loss? How to greatly reduce the heat bridge around the window? How to reduce the wet installation of construction around the window? This is the problem to be solved by the present invention.

Summary of the invention

In order to increase the safety and durability of the door window, in order to improve the safety and durability of the wall, in order to greatly reduce the heat bridge around the window and improve the energy-saving and heat-insulating performance of the energy-saving insulation wall, in order to avoid the damage of the door window during the earthquake, the present invention proposes A wall door window construction.

A wall door window structure of the present invention comprises a door window and a side window side protection layer;

The door window is a door and window opening provided on the wall; the side window protective layer of the door window is a prefabricated sheet protective layer; the prefabricated sheet protective layer is a cement fiber board or a calcium silicate board or a magnesite board, or a prefabricated board The protective layer is other prefabricated sheets having similar properties to the above-mentioned sheets;

The side window side protection layer is mounted on the side of the door window, and the side window side protection layer is connected to the door window; the window is mounted to the side window side protection layer, or the window is mounted to the door window wall.

A wall door window structure 2 of the present invention comprises a door window, a side window protective layer of the door window, and a tensile net;

The door window is a door and window opening provided on the wall; the side window side protective layer is a plaster protection layer; and the plaster protection layer has a tensile net;

A tensile net is sandwiched in the plaster layer on the side of the door window; the window is mounted to the side of the door window or the window is mounted to the wall of the door window.

Technical effects of the present invention:

1, the best energy saving effect

Embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention can minimize the passage of heat loss of the door window (ie, the heat bridge), and the energy-saving and heat insulation effect exceeds the current best thin plaster insulation wall, which is of great significance to the wall energy-saving insulation.

See the description in "Improved Problems and Effects" in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2.

The United Nations released a report in March 2007 that the green building and building energy conservation effects are greater than all the greenhouse gas emissions required by the Kyoto Protocol, equivalent to three times the Kyoto Protocol's scheduled emission reductions. This shows the important role of building energy conservation in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reducing dust emissions.

The invention can promote the building energy saving in China and the whole world to the standard of extremely low energy consumption, and plays an important role in reducing carbon emissions and dust emissions and improving air quality in China and the whole world, and China's building energy conservation can be at the forefront of the world. It plays an important role in China's commitment to reducing carbon emissions in the world.

2, greatly reduce the cost

The invention has a very small window thermal bridge. If the wall adopts the patented technology proposed by the applicant of the publication No. CN104234256A, when the outer protective layer 1-8 adopts a prefabricated sheet protective layer, the EPS board can be seamlessly installed, using ordinary white. 20kg/m ³ low-density EPS board 300mm thick, can really achieve the wall heat transfer coefficient of 0.15w / m ² · k, reduce the EPS insulation board cost of about 100 yuan / m ³ ! It can greatly promote the construction of passive energy-saving houses with 90% energy saving.

3. The energy-saving and heat-insulating wall door window of the invention has the advantages of good fireproofing and good waterproofing, thereby increasing the durability of the energy-saving and heat-insulating wall, which is not available in the current thin plastering insulation wall used in the world.

4. The first embodiment to the third embodiment of the present invention is a window-mounted dry-type installation, which conforms to the assembly-type installation direction, and is beneficial to ensure the installation quality.

Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 3: a side window side protection layer is installed on the side of the door window, and a prefabricated insulation board decorative strip is installed around the outdoor door window, and a prefabricated insulation board strip is installed around the indoor door window, and both are assembled. The method is installed, there is no wet construction on site, the speed is fast, the labor is saved, the assembly installation direction is met, and the window is convenient to install, which is beneficial to ensure the installation quality.

5. The invention is advantageous for building earthquake resistance.

The wall door window structure of the invention greatly increases the rigidity and strength of the door window, and the wall body is not easily damaged during an earthquake. Even if the thin plastering insulation wall adopts the door window structure of the present invention, the human foot can be secured on the outer window sill.

DRAWINGS

1 is a side cross-sectional view of a window of the first embodiment, the wall 1-1 is a common wall without an insulation layer, and the wall 1-1 is aerated concrete, and the outer protective layer 1-8 of the aerated concrete is wiped. Gray layer.

2 is also a side cross-sectional view of the window of the first embodiment, the wall 1-1 is an energy-saving thermal insulation wall, the inner side of the thermal insulation layer 1-1-3 is concrete, and the outer protective layer 1-8 outside the thermal insulation layer 1-1-3 is external. Leaf masonry or concrete.

Figure 3 is also a side cross-sectional view of the window of the first embodiment, the wall 1-1 is an energy-saving thermal insulation wall, the inner side of the thermal insulation layer 1-1-3 is concrete, and the patented technology proposed by the applicant of the publication No. CN104234256A, the outer protective layer 1-8 is a protective layer of prefabricated sheet.

4 is also a side cross-sectional view of the window of the first embodiment, the wall 1-1 is an energy-saving thermal insulation wall, and the inner side of the thermal insulation layer 1-1-3 is aerated concrete, and the patented technology proposed by the applicant of the publication No. CN104234256A is external. The protective layer 1-8 is a prefabricated sheet protective layer.

Figure 5 is also a side cross-sectional view of the window of the first embodiment, the wall 1-1 is an energy-saving thermal insulation wall, the inner side of the thermal insulation layer 1-1-3 is concrete, and the outer protective layer 1 - 3 of the thermal insulation layer 1 - 3 is a polymer mortar. Thin plaster protective layer.

6 is a view of the prior art, the passive energy-saving room is for installing windows on the outer layer of the outer wall of the door and window, installing the angle steel support on the outer side of the base wall, installing the wooden board on the angle steel, and installing the window on the wooden board. Figure.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing three configurations of the steel sheet 7, which can be selected according to the use requirements, and the steel sheet 7 can also be selected from other constructions and structures.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of an outer window decorative heat insulating strip 9 installed in the second embodiment.

Fig. 9 is an outdoor elevational view showing the decorative insulation strip 9 attached to the periphery of the outdoor door window in the second embodiment, and showing the door window 1 on the wall 1-1 in the first embodiment and the fourth embodiment.

Figure 10 is a side cross-sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the window, the wall 1-1 is aerated concrete, and the outer protective layer 1-8 of the aerated concrete is a plaster layer.

Figure 11 is a side cross-sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the window, the wall 1-1 is an energy-saving thermal insulation wall of 1-1-3 which is provided with an insulating layer on the outside of the aerated concrete, and the outer protective layer of the thermal insulation layer 1-1-3 -8 is a thin plaster protective layer of polymer mortar.

detailed description

Embodiment 1: FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 and FIG. 9 , a wall door window structure of the present embodiment, which is composed of a door window 1 and a side window side protection layer 8-1 ;

The door window 1 is a door and window opening provided on the wall 1-1, as shown in FIG. 9; the wall 1-1 is a wall, such as a masonry wall (including a load-bearing masonry wall or non-load-bearing) Masonry walls, concrete walls, and various fabricated walls: including lightweight assembled walls, heavy-duty fabricated walls, or various energy-saving insulation walls. That is, the wall 1-1 may be a traditional wall without an insulation layer, or the wall 1-1 is an energy-saving thermal insulation wall after the insulation layer 1-1-3 is installed; the exterior of the wall 1-1 usually has external protection Layer 1-8, such as plastering protection layer, see Figure 1; or outer protective layer 1-8 of energy-saving insulation wall is outer leaf masonry or outer leaf concrete, see Figure 2; or outer protective layer 1-8 is The prefabricated sheet protective layer, see Fig. 3 and Fig. 4; or the outer protective layer 1-8 is a polymer mortar thin plaster protective layer, see Fig. 5; or the wall 1-1 is a wall composed of other novel materials;

The door window side protective layer 8-1 is a prefabricated sheet protective layer; the prefabricated sheet protective layer is a cement fiber board or a calcium silicate board or a magnesite board, or the prefabricated board protective layer is similar to the above-mentioned board. Prefabricated panels, such as prefabricated panels currently used for construction waste processing; such similar properties as fire resistance, water resistance, resistance Long-term, dimensional stability, strength, etc. should meet the requirements for use.

The door window side protection layer 8-1 is installed on the side of the door window 1, and the side window protection layer 8-1 of the door window 1 is connected with the door window 1, including other anchor bolts such as steel nails or self-tapping screws, or And the adhesive connection, according to the different materials connected to the side of the door window 1 to choose different connection methods;

Mount the window 4 to the side window side protection layer 8-1, or install the window 4 to the wall 1-1 of the door window 1, such as the window 4 and the wall 1-1 by connecting the steel sheets 4-1. Or connected to the door window side protective layer 8-1, or the connecting window 4-1 to the wall 1-1 and the door window side protective layer 8-1.

It is recommended that the side window protective layer 8-1 of the door window be made of cement fiber board or calcium silicate board, and the magnesite board can also meet the durability requirements. Calcium silicate board or cement fiberboard durability, fire, low price, and low thermal conductivity, about 0.3w / m ² · k, the thermal conductivity of cement mortar about 0.93w / m ² · k 1 / 3, the thickness of 10mm is equivalent to 3mm thick cement mortar plaster layer thermal bridge, increasing window heat transfer is rare.

The installation width of the door window side protection layer 8-1 on the wall 1-1 is determined according to the material of the wall 1-1. For example, when the wall 1-1 is a concrete wall, see FIG. 2, FIG. 3, the door window side The installation width of the edge protection layer 8-1 and the connection width of the wall 1-1 can be narrow, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 5, because the door window side protection layer 8-1 is not required to increase the strength of the concrete wall; When the wall 1-1 is a masonry wall, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the side window side protective layer 8-1 basically needs to fully cover the wall 1-1 in order to increase the strength of the door window 1.

When the wall 1-1 is an energy-saving and heat-insulating wall, it is recommended that the door window side protective layer 8-1 be installed in the following three ways:

1) When the energy-saving thermal insulation wall is a sandwich thermal insulation wall or the energy-saving thermal insulation wall is the wall of the external concrete thermal insulation wall panel, as shown in Fig. 2, the outer end of the side window side protection layer 8-1 directly and the outer leaf masonry Or the external concrete protective layer of the external concrete insulation wallboard; or a thin steel plate 7, a thin steel plate 7 and a side window side protection layer 8-1 and a connection, the thin steel plate 7 and the outer leaf masonry or the external concrete thermal insulation wall The outer concrete protective layer of the panel is joined to connect the door window side protective layer 8-1 with the outer concrete masonry or the outer concrete protective layer of the external concrete insulating wall panel.

2) When the energy-saving heat insulation wall is a thin plastering heat insulation wall, a thin steel plate 7 may be provided. The thin steel plate 7 is adhesively bonded to the outer layer of the polymer mortar of the thin plaster insulation wall, and the side window side protective layer 8-1 is connected with the thin steel plate 7, as shown in FIG.

3) When the energy-saving thermal insulation wall is an external thermal insulation wall with an external protective layer of cement fiberboard or calcium silicate board (publication number CN104234256A, the patented wall technology proposed by the applicant), a thin steel plate 7 may be provided. The door window side protective layer 8-1 is connected with the thin steel plate 7, and the thin steel plate 7 is also connected with the outer protective layer of the cement fiber board or the calcium silicate board, see FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, thereby the side window side protective layer 8-1. It is connected to the outer protective layer of cement fiberboard or calcium silicate board.

Since the present embodiment can be connected to the thin steel plate 7 through the connecting steel piece 4-1 of the window 4 and the side window protective layer 8-1 through the door window, the thin steel plate 7 is installed near the outer corner of the window, so the window 4 The installation position can leave the base wall 1 and increase the distance from the outdoor cold spot at the base wall window, increase the thermal resistance of the wall and reduce the influence of the window thermal bridge. When the insulation layer is thick, the hole heat The bridge can be close to "0".

The key distinguishing features of this embodiment and the disclosed technology are:

Passive energy-saving room under construction in China under the guidance of European experts according to the present embodiment and the background art The comparison of the window structure (Fig. 6) and the current quality of the current window shows that there is no regulation or engineering example of installing the prefabricated sheet protective layer as the side protective layer of the wall door window.

This embodiment is not present in the conventional wall technology and is not obvious. Otherwise, why is the fundamental solution to the quality of the window for many years not using the fundamental solution of this embodiment? Why is there no window structure of this embodiment in the thin plaster insulation wall commonly used throughout the country and in other walls? Why do European experts guide China's construction of dozens of passive energy-saving housing projects without this structure, so that the windows of passive energy-saving houses built in China have various problems as described in the background technology?

At present, in the standard atlas and engineering practice, there is no provision for the wall door window structure of the present embodiment, and even in Europe, where the global building energy conservation is leading, there is no such energy-saving thermal insulation wall door window of the first embodiment of the present invention. Configuration, which illustrates that the first embodiment is not available in the prior art and is not obvious.

The problems and effects solved by this embodiment:

1) Good fire protection

In this embodiment, the side window protective layer 8-1 of the door window is installed to greatly increase the fire safety. The flame cannot be directly burned to the organic insulating material around the window, which can effectively prevent the fire from spreading; even if the insulating layer is an inorganic thermal insulating material, the fire is protected and reduced. Loss of inorganic insulation materials.

2) Good waterproof and good durability

The poor waterproofing of the door window is a common problem of the quality of the building. The German expert guides China's passive energy-saving room. It is waterproof on the window sill. If it is waterproof with stainless steel or plastic, the stainless steel is thin, the heat transfer is fast, stainless steel or The plastic water-repellent board is not good for increasing the fireproof performance of the window and protecting the fireproofing of the organic insulation material. Calcium silicate board or cement fiber board has the required waterproof performance (for example, the technical standards for the detection of waterproof performance: 24-hour inspection allows for wet marks on the back but no water droplets are allowed), durability is good, and cement is installed on the side of the window. Prefabricated panels such as fiberboard or calcium silicate board, the window is waterproof, especially the rainwater will not enter the wall of the window sill, and will not enter the inside of the insulation layer at the window sill, which can completely solve the problem of poor waterproofing of the window and good durability. .

3) Energy-saving insulation is good, which can greatly reduce the heat loss around the window and reduce the cost of energy-saving insulation wall

When the wall 1-1 is an energy-saving thermal insulation wall, the window 4 is mounted on the side window protective layer 8-1 of the door window, so that the window can be separated from the traditional base wall (the base wall refers to the wall or concrete of the masonry) Wall or prefabricated wall, the base wall is the wall inside the insulation layer 1-1-3, that is, the base wall does not include the insulation layer 1-1-3), thereby increasing the outdoor cold spot to the indoor base wall The distance of the body increases the thermal resistance around the window. Therefore, the structure is more scientific, and not only the construction and installation are convenient, but also the energy-saving and heat-insulating effect is much higher than the window structure of FIG. Since the heat loss around the window is reduced, a benzene plate having a normal density of 20 kg/m ³ and a thickness of 300 mm can be used for one installation, which can reduce the cost of the heat insulating material by about 100 yuan/m ² , and also reduce the labor cost of the installation, and does not occur. Long-distance transportation purchases can be inserted into each other, with dovetail grooves, and a high-density EPS board with a density of 30kg/m ³ .

In the passive energy-saving room, when the insulation layer is thick, the window of the thin plaster insulation wall can be moved outside the hole, but the window can not be separated from the base wall, only about 50% of the window heat bridge is reduced, when the insulation layer is thinner. The window cannot be moved outside the hole; and the door window structure of the embodiment can also move the window to the wall 1-1 when the insulation layer is thin. On the outside, the window thermal bridge is greatly reduced.

Schedule 2 is the insulation board EPS board thickness is the five thicknesses listed in the table, the reference wall of the average heat transfer coefficient of the present invention: 1), the thickness of the EPS board is not more than 120mm, the distance between the outside of the window and the outer corner of the thin steel sheet 7 2), when the thickness of the EPS board is between 120 and 150 mm, the distance between the outer side of the window and the outer corner of the thin steel plate 7 is not more than 80 mm; 3) when the thickness of the insulating layer EPS board is not less than 150 mm, the outer side of the window and the outer corner of the thin steel plate 7 The distance is no more than 100mm.

Comparing the data of Schedule 1 and Schedule 2, it can be seen that when the thickness of the EPS board is greater than 150 mm, the door window adopts the thermal insulation bridge structure of Fig. 6, which only reduces the heat transfer by about 50%, but is still the thermal bridge of the door window of the present invention. 5 to 10 times.

Schedule 2 Wall average heat transfer coefficient reference table w/m ² .k

4) Good structural safety

Cement fiberboard or calcium silicate board or magnesite board has higher strength. Install the above prefabricated board as the side protection layer of the door window, and then take other auxiliary measures, such as the seam of the protective layer on the side of the vertical and horizontal door windows. Install right-angled galvanized thin-walled steel plates and connect them to each other to increase the strength and rigidity of the door window, increase the tensile strength at the corners, and avoid wall-to-edge damage at the window. This construction is especially important for masonry walls.

In the embodiment, since the prefabricated sheet material is used as the side window side protective layer 8-1, the partial force of the window sill can be transmitted to the adjacent other position through the prefabricated sheet protective layer, and the force is safe, and the human foot can be stepped on the outer window sill. It is. That is, the structure of the first embodiment has the function of heat-insulating bridge to increase heat insulation, fireproof, waterproof and structural safety, and the structure of the first embodiment is more convenient and flexible to install the window.

The difference between the cement polymer mortar thin plaster protective layer and the plaster layer is that the plaster layer is thicker, such as the outer cement mortar layer of the steel mesh cement sandwich panel, generally having a thickness of not less than 25 mm, cement polymer mortar The thin plaster protection layer is thin, the thickness is about 3~10mm, and the polymer polymer mortar has a polymer adhesive and glass in the thin plaster protective layer. A fiber mesh for plastering the surface of materials that are difficult to bond, as well as for the surface layer to prevent cracking.

Cement fiberboard or calcium silicate boards are now mainly used for decoration, or as a formwork for cast-in-place concrete, and are not thought to be used in door window construction.

Embodiment 2: As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 and FIG. 7 to FIG. 9 , the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the present embodiment increases the insulation line 9 around the outdoor door window, or/and increases the installation of the indoor door window. Side insulation layer 3-1, interior door window side protection layer 8-2;

The heat insulation strip 9 around the outdoor door window is a prefabricated heat insulation board strip with a prefabricated sheet protection layer (ie, a prefabricated insulation board strip with a prefabricated sheet protection layer), or a thermal insulation sheet is first installed and a prefabricated sheet protection layer is installed, prefabricated. The heat insulation board strip can be formed by combining the material in the side window protective layer 8-1 of the door window and the heat insulating material; or the heat insulation strip around the outdoor door window is a thin plaster insulation line;

The indoor door window side protection layer 8-2 is a prefabricated sheet protection layer, and the prefabricated board is a calcium silicate board or a cement fiber board or a magnesite board, or other prefabricated board having similar properties to the above board, or Prefabricated panels are wood or plastic.

When the side door side protection layer 8-2 is a wooden board or a plastic sheet, the interior decoration and the window insulation project are unified. Although the fire prevention is not good, it is also required to ensure that the fire does not spread.

In the embodiment, the heat insulation line 9 around the outdoor door window is installed on the side of the outdoor door window of the energy-saving heat insulation wall, and the method of attaching or pasting and anchoring the anchor can be used.

In the embodiment, when the indoor door window side insulation layer 3-1 and the indoor door window side protection layer 8-2 are installed, the indoor door window side insulation layer 3-1 and the indoor door window side protection layer 8 may be firstly- 2 Bonding and compounding to form a prefabricated thermal insulation sheet, and then assembling the prefabricated thermal insulation sheet to the side of the indoor door window; or first attaching and installing the indoor window side insulation layer 3-1, and then pasting and installing the indoor window side protection layer 8- 2.

In the embodiment, the surrounding heat insulating strip 9 of the outdoor door window is installed, which can further increase the distance from the outdoor cold spot in the indoor base wall window, and can also reduce the heat transfer increased by the side window protective layer 8-1 of the door window.

After installation, waterproof seal around the outdoor door window.

In the first embodiment, the thermal bridge of the window has been greatly reduced, and the embodiment is further used to further improve the effect of the heat insulation of the door window, that is, the value of the sixth item in the second table does not occur, otherwise the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall should be It is the sum of items 5 and 6 in Schedule 2. And the outdoor door window insulation bar 9 can be decorated as a door window at the same time, killing two birds with one stone.

The problems and effects solved by this embodiment:

This embodiment can increase the thermal resistance around the window and reduce the heat loss around the window. The data in Schedule 2 does not include the data for the insulation of the side insulation layer 3-1 of the interior door window; the second embodiment also increases the thermal resistance of the window profile to heat the door and window profiles located at the local position of the insulation layer on the side of the indoor window. The coefficient can be the same as the wall. Because the heat transfer coefficient of the window is several times that of the wall, reducing the average heat transfer coefficient of the window profile is significant.

Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and the first or second embodiment is that the side window protection layer 8-1 of the door window is installed, or the insulation line 9 around the outdoor door window is installed, or the side insulation layer of the interior door window is installed. 3-1, or The interior door window side protection layer 8-2 is installed for dry installation; the dry installation is to directly apply adhesive bonding on the mutual bonding surface, or/and use self-tapping screws or steel nails, or tokes Nail and other anchor connections. E.g:

1) Apply a synthetic resin adhesive to the side of the door window of the wall 1-1, and bond the wall 1-1 to the side window side protective layer 8-1, or use a steel nail or other anchor to wall The body 1-1 is connected to the door window side protective layer 8-1.

2) Apply synthetic adhesive directly on the prefabricated board of cement fiberboard or calcium silicate board or magnesite board, bond the insulation layer, or/and apply synthetic resin adhesive on the insulation layer, and prefabricated board and insulation layer Bonding, forming the insulation line around the window of the outdoor door.

3) Apply adhesive on the temperature bar 9 around the outdoor door window or / and the bonding position around the window, paste the decorative insulation strip around the outdoor window around the hole of the outdoor door and window, and add steel nails and self-tapping. Anchors such as screws or toke nails are used to strengthen the outdoor insulation of the openings and to decorate the door and window openings.

4) Bonding the indoor door window side protection layer 8-1 to the heat insulation layer, connecting the indoor door window side protection layer 8-1 to the wall, connecting with the steel sheet, and installing the interior door window side insulation layer The inner side window side protective layer is dry-mounted, that is, coated with a synthetic resin adhesive or/and connected with an anchor.

During the dry installation, there is no wet work around the hole, including wet work without cement mortar or cement polymer mortar. The dry installation speed is fast, the construction site is clean, and the assembly direction is met.

It is recommended that the outer protective layer of the outer door window 9 and the outer side of the indoor door window 8-2 be prefabricated with a protective layer of the prefabricated sheet, which is better than the outdoor thin plastering decorative line and has good durability.

The key difference between the third embodiment and the disclosed technology is that the dry installation of the present invention is not present in the construction process of the energy-saving and heat-insulating wall door window structure, and is not obvious.

The patent applicant has carried out unremitting research on wall technology for more than 13 years, and has studied multi-professional knowledge, using multidisciplinary knowledge of structural specialty, building technology, building physics, and building thermal engineering to understand the knowledge of chemical adhesives and select durability. Good adhesion, easy to apply adhesive, and master the performance of a variety of building materials, according to the system engineering ideas, to take advantage of different materials, to avoid its shortcomings, optimize the wall structure, including the proposed window structure of the present invention, and propose implementation Three dry installation construction techniques.

Why are other construction professionals not proposing this embodiment?

This embodiment requires a certain understanding of chemical adhesives, the selection of appropriate adhesive types, and the many problems that the construction industry needs to solve. A huge gap has been formed between the two fields, which is difficult to cross. Because I don't understand the knowledge about adhesives, I can't mention the construction process of dry installation.

The adhesive should meet the required elasticity, bond strength and durability requirements. For example, a fire in the Lushan nursing home in Henan Province killed 38 people. The applicant of this patent believes that not only because the thermal insulation material is a flammable material, but also because the bonding failure between the steel plate and the thermal insulation layer is separated from each other and enters the air, because there is no burning and no flashing in the absence of air, so that the entire house is on fire. . At present, the adhesive bonding between the steel plate and the thermal insulation layer is a polyurethane adhesive, and the polyurethane adhesive is not resistant to aging, and the insulation layer and the iron skin are separated from the air for a long time. Once the circuit is aged with sparks, the insulation material is ignited and due to the chimney effect, the house of the color insulation steel plate can not be rescued in an instant. Therefore, the type of adhesive selected for the energy-saving insulation wall is very important. At present, the construction industry does not understand the adhesive, and does not stipulate the type of adhesive.

For many years, this patent applicant has consulted online chemical online experts and adhesive manufacturer technicians to understand the knowledge of adhesives. It is recommended to use a polyacrylate emulsion that meets the requirements of use. It has a small amount and is easy to apply and bond. The price is low, durability and water resistance are good. The durability of polyacrylate emulsions under UV-free conditions can exceed 50 years. The proper variety of polyacrylate emulsions can be used to meet the elastic requirements of outdoor low temperatures in most areas. And the bonding cures quickly, the curing time can be adjusted to meet the operational time requirement. Other types of adhesives can also be pasted, some construction operations are inconvenient, some have poor durability, and some have high prices. Moreover, the polyacrylate emulsion itself is a waterproof material, and the polyacrylate emulsion is used for dry construction to increase the waterproof property of the window. New types of adhesives are emerging and there may be other adhesives that meet the requirements.

Embodiment 4: FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 show a wall door window structure of the present embodiment, which is composed of a door window 1, a door window side protection layer 8-1, and a tensile net 5;

The door window side protection layer 8-1 is a plaster protection layer, and the door window side protection layer 8-1 is connected to the side of the door window 1; the plaster protection layer has a tensile net 5 therein; The tensile resistant net 5 is an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh, a basalt fiber mesh, a metal mesh or other high-strength mesh; a tensile net 5 is present in the plaster layer on the side of the door window 1;

Since the plaster layer has a high thermal conductivity, the present embodiment is not suitable for a heating area. However, for non-heating areas or buildings that do not require high energy-saving buildings, the plaster layer of the present embodiment has a tensile net 5, and the tensile net 5 is integrated at the corner of the window to strengthen the window. Advantageously, it is not easy to cause oblique crack damage along the four corners of the window during an earthquake, and also has a good structural safety. In particular, there is now a three-dimensional grid of basalt fiber, which has better mechanical performance. A three-dimensional grid of basalt fiber with a thickness of 10 mm can be installed on the side of the window for plastering.

Another disadvantage of this embodiment is that there are many wet work in the field. When it is inconvenient to select prefabricated panels, the window can be reinforced by this embodiment, and after installing the window, a heat insulating sheet or a peripheral plastering or waterproof sealing can be installed in the indoor and outdoor windows.

This embodiment is advantageous for earthquake resistance. However, in the current standard atlas and engineering practice, there is no such structure as the wall door window structure of the present embodiment, and no one has thought of installing a tensile net in the plaster layer around the window to increase the ability of the window to resist damage. This shows that the fourth embodiment is not available in the prior art and is not obvious.

Claims

A wall door window structure, which includes a door window,

The utility model is characterized in that it further comprises a protective layer on the side of the door window;

The door window is a door and window opening provided on the wall; the side window protective layer of the door window is a prefabricated sheet protective layer; the prefabricated sheet protective layer is a cement fiber board or a calcium silicate board or a magnesite board, or a prefabricated board The protective layer is other prefabricated sheets having similar properties to the above-mentioned sheets;

The side window side protection layer is mounted on the side of the door window, and the side window side protection layer is connected to the door window; the window is mounted to the side window side protection layer, or the window is mounted to the door window wall.
A wall door window structure according to claim 1,

The utility model is characterized in that it further comprises installing an insulation line around the window of the outdoor door, or/and further comprising installing a side insulation layer of the interior door window and a side protection layer of the interior door window;

The insulation line around the outdoor door window is a prefabricated insulation board strip with a prefabricated sheet protection layer, or a thin plaster insulation line;

The side protection layer of the indoor door window is a prefabricated sheet protection layer, and the prefabricated board is a calcium silicate board or a cement fiber board or a magnesite board, or other prefabricated board having similar properties to the above board, or a wood board Or plastic sheet.
A wall door window structure according to claim 1,

The utility model is characterized in that the side protection layer of the door window is installed, or the insulation line around the outdoor door window is installed, or the side insulation layer of the interior door window is installed, and the side protection layer of the installation interior door window is dry installation.
A wall door window construction according to claim 2,

The utility model is characterized in that the side protection layer of the door window is installed, or the insulation line around the outdoor door window is installed, or the side insulation layer of the interior door window is installed, and the side protection layer of the installation interior door window is dry installation.
A wall door window structure comprising a door window and a side window protective layer;

Characterized in that it also includes a tensile net;

The door window is a door and window opening provided on the wall; the side window protection layer of the door window is a plaster protection layer, and the side window side protection layer is connected with the side of the door window; the plaster protection layer has resistance Pulled net

A tensile net is sandwiched in the plaster layer on the side of the door window; the window is mounted to the side of the door window or the window is mounted to the wall of the door window.