CN205281947U

CN205281947U - Land rig's description demonstration system

Info

Publication number: CN205281947U
Application number: CN201520046275.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高京建; 郭方红; 杨文成; 许可; 焦斌; 孔凡敏; 宋文英; 谭振江; 刘承杰; 赵刚
Original assignee: China Petroleum Technology and Development Corp
Current assignee: China Petroleum Technology and Development Corp
Priority date: 2015-01-22
Filing date: 2015-01-22
Publication date: 2016-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2025-01-22

Abstract

The utility model relates to a land rig's description demonstration system, its characterized in that: including the analogue means who is used for simulating land rig, analogue means includes rig simulator, front end operation panel, teacher's operation panel and three channels circular screen projection display system, and is wherein quick -witted including parameter calculation in the front end operation panel, and wherein entire system's data collection and control is accomplished to the distributed host computer of this parameter calculation machine conduct, and the execution of system's main program and the processing and the demonstration of circular screen figure are accomplished to main control computer and figure computer, the demonstration system still includes whole display system in well site and inner structure display system, wherein the whole display system in well site includes base, derrick and irrigated area, inner structure display system includes that carousel structure show, the show of winch structure puddle the show of pump structure, all -roundly demonstrates the rig installation to the student with multi -angle, has greatly improved the result of training.

Description

A kind of description demo system of land rig

Technical field

This utility model relates to a kind of rig and installs analog systems, it particularly relates to a kind of description demo system for training the land rig that rig is installed.

Background technology

Along with China Petroleum Technology and Development Corporation business globalizes, rig business various places all over the world, developing country has become as company staple market. Along with outlet rig quantity increases, the accident occurred in rig use procedure also gets more and more, and gently then equipment is caused damage, affects manufacturing schedule, brings economic loss, heavy then lead to serious accident, causes casualties. The major accident several times particularly occurred in the resettlement of rig and use procedure abroad, has undesirable effect to the development of company and image. Rig belongs to engineering machinery, and the safety in production of engineering machinery not only directly affects the service life of machinery, and is related to the safety of personnel and property. According to the investigation of Japan's labour science institute, due to operator's error, the machine security accident that causes to account for the 88% of total number of accident, and the accident that odjective cause causes only accounts for 9%, and all the other 2% are irresistible reason, and cause of accident fails to understand that person only accounts for 1%. As can be seen here, 97% in engineering machinery security incident can take preventive measures. And 90 percent in these accidents is above not grasping correct using method due to operator and operation is lack of standardization causes. Country is due to the restriction of cultural difference and technical merit in Latin America, Africa and the Central Asia etc., and wellsite facility is installed, particularly problematic in unloading process.

After drilling well completes, it is necessary to wellsite facility such as base, derrick, slush pump, blowout preventer set etc. are dismantled, is transported to other situ of drilling well, and installs, in order to start new drillng operation. In equipment installation and removal process, it is necessary to follow certain rule of operation and technical key point, the correct installation of guarantee equipment, correct dismounting and safe handling.

But, the description that the rule of operation of current equipment user and technical key point provide mainly by producer obtains with training, and operant skill is then that these modes often there is problems in that by the accumulation of experience and teaching of master worker

Practice opportunity is limited, it is difficult to improve technical level: due to the particularity of drillng operation, and some months is often wanted in the work such as the dismounting of drilling equipment and installation, even within 1 year, just carries out once, and operator are difficult to accumulate various experience by practical operation. It addition, in equipment installation, unloading process, accident odds is relatively small, the individual process experience to accident is extremely limited, and is difficult in actual production activity accumulate and improve to the judgement of accident, disposal ability. Once burst accident, often due to lack experience and disposal ability, cause the great loss of lives and property.

Traditional technical manual, operating instruction content are scattered, consult inconvenience. The very difficult word of operating process of some complexity describes clear, in addition the individual difference understood, and causes that maloperation and accident occur most probably. How improving equipment user level of skill, it is to avoid because of the device damage that misoperation causes, minimizing accident occurs, and is the pressing problem that must solve at present of company.

Still further aspect, oil play often has a lot of international business, and country variant has different Standards and formats for engineering drawing, is badly in need of a kind of rig understood directly perceived, succinct, convenient and installs demenstration method.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention of the present utility model is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:

The description demo system that a kind of land rig is installed, including being used for simulating the analog of land rig, described analog includes rig model, front-end operations platform, operation of teacher platform and triple channel ring curtain projection display system. Wherein front-end operations platform includes Parameters Computer, and wherein this Parameters Computer completes data acquisition and the control of whole system as distributed host computer, the execution of main control computer and graphic computer completion system mastery routine and the process of ring curtain figure and display,

Driller's operating board includes cabinet, internal control plate and Parameters Computer, the front of described cabinet is provided with driller's operating board front control panel, one side of cabinet is provided with driller's operating board side control panel, and another side of cabinet is provided with top and drives Mechanical course panel and the control panel of buffering fluid cylinder; Wherein be provided with power knob, power on button, air horn switch, anti-collision release button, suspending weight trimmer valve, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve, tongs torque damping device, standpipe pressure antivibrator on the control panel of driller's operating board front, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, the used control switch of stopping of power shaft, shift control switch, Caput Felis domestica controls switch, pneumatic spinner controls switch, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder select to switch, base hydraulic switchs, park brake switch and emergency stop switch; Also including display table group, wherein said display table group includes bleed pressure table, cooling water pressure table, winch oil gauge, rotating disk oil gauge, rotary torque indicator, Pump pressure meter, tong torque meter, left pincers torque meter, right pincers torque meter, safety tongs Pressure gauge, Caput Felis domestica Pressure gauge, drilling torque table, tachoscope, rotating disk ammeter, backset Pressure gauge and pulleying Pressure gauge; Arrange assignment switch on the control panel of driller's operating board side, electromotor scram button, rectification scram button, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch, electromagnetic eddy current brake switch, rotating disk rotating select switch, winch rotating to select switch, No. 1 slush pump switch, No. 2 slush pump switches, No. 3 slush pump switches, low pressure alarms to switch;

The internal control plate of driller's operating board includes driller's operating board the first programmable controller PLC 1 and the second programmable controller PLC 2, above-mentioned programmable controller PLC and Parameters Computer data communication adopt RS232 agreement to communicate, wherein the CPU module of the first programmable controller PLC 1 by A/D module respectively with power knob, power on button, air horn switchs, anti-collision release button, suspending weight trimmer valve, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve, tongs torque damping device, standpipe pressure antivibrator, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, the used control switch of stopping of power shaft, shift control switch, Caput Felis domestica controls switch, pneumatic spinner controls switch, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder selects switch, base hydraulic switchs, park brake switch and emergency stop switch connect, and are switched with assignment respectively by the On-off signal port of PLC, electromotor scram button, rectification scram button, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch, electromagnetic eddy current brake switchs, rotating disk rotating selects switch, winch rotating selects switch, No. 1 slush pump switch, No. 2 slush pump switches, No. 3 slush pump switches, low pressure alarm switch is attached, gathered each switch on driller's operating board by PLC, knob state is to simulate the elevating control of winch, and the rotating speed of rotating disk controls, the speed regulating control of slush pump, gather winch clutch position, winch gear, disk clutch position, rotating disk gear, pump control mechanism position, diesel engine power actuator position simultaneously, the parameters such as monitoring suspending weight, the pressure of the drill, rig bleed pressure, mud density, mud viscosity and mud dehydration, make driller's operating board realize the lift control to derrick/base, the control of the rotating speed to brill dish and the speed regulating control to slush pump by the control of PLC,

Wherein top is driven and is provided with in scram button, suspension ring position button on Mechanical course panel, the revolution of reset/mute button, suspension ring selects switch, inner blowout preventer switch, hydraulic pump switch, locking pin switch, back-up tong select switch, suspension ring to tilt to select switch, brake to select switch, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switch, the selection of selection of Motor switch, operating selection switch, direction of rotation to switch, being provided with left and right fluid cylinder on the control panel of buffering fluid cylinder selects handle, fluid cylinder pressure to select handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retract joystick, wherein the CPU module of the second programmable controller PLC 2 of the internal control plate of driller's operating board by A/D module respectively with scram button, position button in suspension ring, reset/mute button connects, switch is selected with suspension ring revolution respectively by the On-off signal port of PLC, inner blowout preventer switchs, hydraulic pump switchs, locking pin switchs, back-up tong selects switch, suspension ring tilt to select switch, brake selects switch, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switchs, selection of Motor switchs, operating selection switch, direction of rotation selects switch to be attached realizing top is driven being controlled,

Wherein cushion and be provided with left and right fluid cylinder selection handle on the control panel of fluid cylinder, fluid cylinder pressure selects handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retract joystick; Wherein the CPU module of the second programmable controller PLC 2 of the internal control plate of driller's operating board selects handle, fluid cylinder pressure to select handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retract joystick respectively to be connected to be controlled cushioning fluid cylinder by A/D module with left and right fluid cylinder;

Parameters Computer completes data acquisition and the control of whole system as distributed host computer, the execution of main control computer and graphic computer completion system mastery routine and the process of ring curtain figure and display, and each computer is interconnected by ICP/IP protocol; Front end data acquisition and control between driller's operating board and rig model are completed by SIEMENSS7-200PLC, and connect and compose Siemens's PPI network; PLC adopts RS232 agreement with Parameters Computer data communication; Wherein this Parameters Computer has had after PLC acquisition front end hardware information, sends information to the communication module of main control computer, and the information that wherein main control computer is also sended over by communication module is transferred to front end hardware by PLC and is shown;

Rig model includes derrick model and substructure model, and derrick model includes derrick and derrick core controls machine. Wherein derrick is open front type derrick, is made up of main body, man-like shelf and adnexa, and adnexa mainly has quadruple board platform, dead line regulator, cage ladder. Derrick main body form one open front shaped steel frame structure by upper left section, upper right section, left epimere, right epimere, lower-left section and bottom right section and back of the body crossbeam, brace, link, and it is completed by two bayonet locks that the adjustment of main body is fixed. Man-like shelf is by left and right foreleg, the portal structures of the composition such as left and right back leg and crossbeam, has been used for putting and resting against derrick. Jack up unit is made up of big lifting rope, high trestle, low trestle and hook block support. Derrick adopts man-like shelf to hoist mode, rely on the power of drilling floor surface winch, big lifting rope is pulled by fast line, hook, realize derrick lifting, in order to make derrick smoothly by being placed on man-like shelf during derrick lifting, derrick center of gravity when transferring derrick, can be made again to move forward, thus relying on derrick dead weight to fall simultaneously, being provided with buffer unit on man-like shelf, flexible by buffer unit realizes.

Substructure model includes base and base core controls machine, and wherein base is mainly made up of base body, jack up unit, hydraulic damping device, and base adopts the motion principle of parallel-crank mechanism, it is achieved thereby that the low level of high countertop fixture is installed. adopt winch power, utilize hook block to make base from low level integral lifting to operating position. base body is divided into upper, middle and lower-ranking: upper strata is drilling floor surface part, equipment for installing drill table top, being connected to form by pin, lower floor is pedestal base part, pedestal after left front pedestal and left back pedestal, right front pedestal and the right side connect into left and right two parts with pin respectively. connecting elements between left and right two parts has tie-beam, link and diagonal brace. intermediate layer is support section, between upper and lower layer, plays support drilling floor surface and puts base effect with playing. it is made up of man-like shelf foreleg, man-like shelf back leg, front column, rear column, oblique column respectively, is connected with upper and lower layer with pin. man-like shelf is made up of foreleg and back leg two parts, and one end of big lifting rope is fixed on man-like shelf back leg, and man-like shelf plays the effect of support in the process that whole base hoists. big lifting rope two ends, equipped with the collar, separately have the 1 group of pulley participating in hoisting to be fixed on man-like shelf back leg. described drilling well model also includes preventer group, wherein preventer group includes the drilling derrick crownblock protector that realizes drilling derrick crown block anti-collision function, realize the excessive jack up unit of anti-drilling derrick of the excessive lifting functions of anti-drilling derrick, realize the excessive downward putting device of anti-drilling derrick of the excessive lowering function of anti-drilling derrick, realize the excessive jack up unit of anti-rig substructure of the excessive lifting functions of anti-rig substructure, realize the excessive downward putting device of anti-rig substructure of the excessive lowering function of anti-rig substructure, realize the excessive downward putting device of anti-drilling machine hook of the excessive lowering function of anti-drilling machine hook.

Described demo system includes well site entirety display systems and internal structure display systems, wherein said well site entirety display systems includes base, derrick and irrigated area, and described internal structure display systems includes turntable structure displaying, winch structure is shown and slush pump configuration shows.

Preferably, described demo system is organized by the mode of multiple index, some parts of viewing that user is random. Each parts are shown by three views: global view, partial view and explosive view, global view display member position in whole well site, partial view is the big figure of these parts, show concrete image and the parameter of these parts, explosive view is annotated by details, the form of important inner body of all parts, position, function are explained.

According to the description demo system that land rig of the present utility model is installed, provide the dual demonstration including model and ring curtain figure, it is possible to significantly improve the effect of training, enhancement training efficiency, and break the limitation of country variant Standards and formats, facilitate student to understand.

Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a kind of land rig installation operation simulation system to include: driller's operating board, rig model, operation of teacher platform and triple channel ring curtain projection display system.

Driller's operating board includes cabinet, internal control plate and Parameters Computer, the front of described cabinet is provided with driller's operating board front control panel, one side of cabinet is provided with driller's operating board side control panel, and another side of cabinet is provided with top and drives Mechanical course panel and the control panel of buffering fluid cylinder. Wherein be provided with power knob, power on button, air horn switch, anti-collision release button, suspending weight trimmer valve, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve, tongs torque damping device, standpipe pressure antivibrator on the control panel of driller's operating board front, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, the used control switch of stopping of power shaft, shift control switch, Caput Felis domestica controls switch, pneumatic spinner controls switch, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder select to switch, base hydraulic switchs, park brake switch and emergency stop switch; Also including display table group, wherein said display table group includes bleed pressure table, cooling water pressure table, winch oil gauge, rotating disk oil gauge, rotary torque indicator, Pump pressure meter, tong torque meter, left pincers torque meter, right pincers torque meter, safety tongs Pressure gauge, Caput Felis domestica Pressure gauge, drilling torque table, tachoscope, rotating disk ammeter, backset Pressure gauge and pulleying Pressure gauge; Arrange assignment switch on the control panel of driller's operating board side, electromotor scram button, rectification scram button, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch, electromagnetic eddy current brake switch, rotating disk rotating select switch, winch rotating to select switch, No. 1 slush pump switch, No. 2 slush pump switches, No. 3 slush pump switches, low pressure alarms to switch;

The internal control plate of driller's operating board includes driller's operating board the first programmable controller PLC 1 and the second programmable controller PLC 2, above-mentioned programmable controller PLC and Parameters Computer data communication adopt RS232 agreement to communicate, wherein the CPU module of the first programmable controller PLC 1 by A/D module respectively with power knob, power on button, air horn switchs, anti-collision release button, suspending weight trimmer valve, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve, tongs torque damping device, standpipe pressure antivibrator, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, the used control switch of stopping of power shaft, shift control switch, Caput Felis domestica controls switch, pneumatic spinner controls switch, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder selects switch, base hydraulic switchs, park brake switch and emergency stop switch connect, and are switched with assignment respectively by the On-off signal port of PLC, electromotor scram button, rectification scram button, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch, electromagnetic eddy current brake switchs, rotating disk rotating selects switch, winch rotating selects switch, No. 1 slush pump switch, No. 2 slush pump switches, No. 3 slush pump switches, low pressure alarm switch is attached, gathered each switch on driller's operating board by PLC, knob state is to simulate the elevating control of winch, and the rotating speed of rotating disk controls, the speed regulating control of slush pump, gather winch clutch position, winch gear, disk clutch position, rotating disk gear, pump control mechanism position, diesel engine power actuator position simultaneously, the parameters such as monitoring suspending weight, the pressure of the drill, rig bleed pressure, mud density, mud viscosity and mud dehydration, make driller's operating board realize the lift control to derrick/base, the control of the rotating speed to brill dish and the speed regulating control to slush pump by the control of PLC.

Wherein top is driven and is provided with in scram button, suspension ring position button on Mechanical course panel, the revolution of reset/mute button, suspension ring selects switch, inner blowout preventer switch, hydraulic pump switch, locking pin switch, back-up tong select switch, suspension ring to tilt to select switch, brake to select switch, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switch, the selection of selection of Motor switch, operating selection switch, direction of rotation to switch, being provided with left and right fluid cylinder on the control panel of buffering fluid cylinder selects handle, fluid cylinder pressure to select handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retract joystick, wherein the CPU module of the second programmable controller PLC 2 of the internal control plate of driller's operating board by A/D module respectively with scram button, position button in suspension ring, reset/mute button connects, switch is selected with suspension ring revolution respectively by the On-off signal port of PLC, inner blowout preventer switchs, hydraulic pump switchs, locking pin switchs, back-up tong selects switch, suspension ring tilt to select switch, brake selects switch, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switchs, selection of Motor switchs, operating selection switch, direction of rotation selects switch to be attached realizing top is driven being controlled.

Wherein cushion and be provided with left and right fluid cylinder selection handle on the control panel of fluid cylinder, fluid cylinder pressure selects handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retract joystick; Wherein the CPU module of the second programmable controller PLC 2 of the internal control plate of driller's operating board selects handle, fluid cylinder pressure to select handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retract joystick respectively to be connected to be controlled cushioning fluid cylinder by A/D module with left and right fluid cylinder.

Parameters Computer completes data acquisition and the control of whole system as distributed host computer, the execution of main control computer and graphic computer completion system mastery routine and the process of ring curtain figure and display, and each computer is interconnected by ICP/IP protocol. Front end data acquisition and control between driller's operating board and rig model are completed by SIEMENSS7-200PLC, and connect and compose Siemens's PPI network. PLC adopts RS232 agreement with Parameters Computer data communication. Wherein this Parameters Computer has had after PLC acquisition front end hardware information, sends information to the communication module of main control computer, and the information that wherein main control computer is also sended over by communication module is transferred to front end hardware by PLC and is shown.

Derrick core control machine selection siemens PLC series Programmable logic Controller (PLC) directly controls the physical quantity that the operation button on driller's operating board is corresponding, using Parameters Computer as host computer, teacher control machine and each PLC module of winch control station and front end is carried out unified management. Whole system constitutes the dcs of a resource-sharing, task sharing. Communication between each control station adopts the special PPI communications protocol of Siemens.

Base core controls machine and selects siemens PLC series Programmable logic Controller (PLC) directly to control each physical quantity on driller's operating board, using Parameters Computer as host computer, teacher controls machine and each PLC module of winch control station and front end is carried out unified management. Whole system constitutes the dcs of a resource-sharing, task sharing. Communication between each control station adopts the special PPI communications protocol of Siemens.

For realizing the reusability of stimulating and training system; certain protection device that drilling machine derrick substructure model is installed, including drilling derrick crownblock protector, the excessive jack up unit of anti-drilling derrick, the excessive downward putting device of anti-drilling derrick, the excessive jack up unit of anti-rig substructure, the excessive downward putting device of anti-rig substructure, the excessive downward putting device of anti-drilling machine hook. For realizing hoisting and transferring and be controlled by driller's operating board of derrick base, system adopts motor to realize winch function.

Land rig is installed the main control computer of operation stimulating and training system and is had to last for constantly communicating with front end hardware, to obtain the equipment state of front end, namely obtains the operating process of trainee; After obtaining the equipment state of front end hardware in real time, processing through main control computer, drive pattern software produces the animation process Tong Bu with hardware device operation; Meanwhile, being additionally provided with hardware corrected module, to such as knob, handle, foot throttle etc. produces the hardware of serial number and is corrected, and has met the use habit of user, artificial site operation feeling.

In a model, foundation and the parameter of all mathematical modeies are determined, be all based on it is assumed hereinafter that:

1), drilling fluid annular space large rock-carrying ability Lc >=0.5; Annular space drilling cuttings concentration C a < 0.09; Annular space fluidised form steadiness parameter value Z��hole stability value Z value.

2), all general equation for drilling rate be built upon stratum statistics drillability basis on, it reflects the macroscopic law of heterogeneity formation drillability. Assume that affecting these single factor test such as the pressure of the drill index of drilling speed, rotating speed index, hydraulic parameters, drilling fluid density difference and formation macro is the functional relationship set up on the basis of the independent variable being independent of each other simultaneously.

3), when there is overflow in drilling well, it is mixed uniformly for entering the aerating mud that the gentle body of mud of annular space formed in the unit interval. Under this assumption, we can regard the gas content in the mixed mud of unit volume as equal.

4), find after overflow, should the closing well of termination of pumping in time. Before borehole pressure balances, formation gas still can constantly enter in well. Thus, it is supposed that from termination of pumping closing well to closing well stably during this period of time in, form one section of pure gas column of continuous print in well; And in Well Killing Process, this continuous gas column is not destroyed.

5), gas enters pit shaft from stratum and meets Darcy's law.

6) if the overflow entered in well is gas, it assumes that expanding when gas overflow rises in annular space, its expansion process meets the equation of gas state, and ignores gas slip phenomenon.

7), the geothermal gradient assumed in well be a constant, then:

Bottom hole temperature (BHT)=geothermal gradient �� well depth+wellhead temperature.

Owing to this model is mainly used in simulation training, therefore, the calculating time, computational accuracy and and when accuracy clashes, in principle based on the time of guarantor, and excessively complicated mathematical model has been carried out suitable simplification, but has ensured the accuracy of qualitative aspect.

Operation of teacher platform has main control computer and graphic computer, and wherein this main control computer has main control module, and this main control module, for communicating with communication module, obtains hardware device state in real time, described main control computer also includes the analog of following multiple rig model: rig model drilling process analog, rig model simulating overflow device, rig model gas expands analog, rig mold cycle calculation of pressure analog, the analog that hoists/transfer of the drilling derrick/base of rig model drilling tool lifting analog and rig model, wherein main control module also includes following multiple analog systems: for simulating the device of the hoisting of land rig derrick/base/lowering operation, for simulating the device of land rig trip-out and drill down operator, for simulating the device of land rig drilling operation, for simulating the device of land rig accident emergency operation.

Operation of teacher platform is mainly used in teacher and student's operational circumstances is monitored, and operating result carries out auto judge, marking. Wherein main control computer has been used for the execution of said system mastery routine, it include the module for storing and arrange analog parameter, for simulation process program module, for control figure, calculating and draw kill-job curve module, for performance rating and student management module, gather the module of headend equipment parameter, control front-end control platform shows module and the actuator of instrument. Graphic computer is used for process and the display of ring curtain figure, is interconnected by this ICP/IP protocol between the two.

Triple channel ring curtain projection display system includes: scialyscope, engineering annular projection curtain and image co-registration machine. Wherein said scialyscope is three and is just throwing scialyscope, and described three scialyscopes, engineering annular projection curtain and image co-registration machine form Fusion Edges optical projection system. Image co-registration machine includes Geometry rectification module, Fusion Edges module, color correction module. Wherein the image information that graphic computer produces is distributed to three projectors by image co-registration machine, and carries out Fusion Edges. Described edge fusion technology is exactly that the picture gone out by one group of projector carries out imbricate, and by integration technology demonstrate one there is no gap, brighter, super large, ultrahigh resolution entire picture, the effect of picture is just as the picture being a projector. As two or multiple stage scialyscope combination projection one width picture, some image overlap, the main function of Fusion Edges is exactly that the lamplight brightness of two scialyscope laps is turned down gradually, and the brightness making entire picture is consistent.

Wherein Geometry rectification module includes: described Geometry rectification module is for revising the geometry of projects images, to ensure that Fusion Edges controls to adapt to multiple screen configuration, it is preferably plane configuration, cylinder configuration or spherical configuration, makes the picture projecting on curtain without geometric distortion. Described Geometry rectification module includes following submodule: utilize longitude and latitude locating module and laser array, in the way of dot matrix, annular projection's curtain is carried out sterically defined module; The module of equally spaced standard grid is formed by the output of the figure tube side of computer and space laser dot-matrix on annular projection's curtain; By intelligence successive acquisitions projection picture input computer, and carry out Auto-matching thus drawing the module of projector image and projection screen corresponding relation by the space laser dot matrix on projection screen and standard grid; Above-mentioned corresponding relation is utilized to realize the image of output is carried out the module of nonlinear geometry rectification.

Wherein Fusion Edges module includes: for dividing the image into into the image segmentation module of some regular figures, so that some regular figures are projected by three scialyscopes respectively, wherein be divided into some regular figures the overlapped partial graphical in adjacent pattern edge width is correspondingly-sized 5% within, the overlapped figure in adjacent pattern edge simultaneously appears in the edge of the adjacent pattern after segmentation; For arranging the longitude and latitude locating module of crisscross warp and parallel on the entire image, it makes the color of the warp in each regular figure and parallel different, and utilize three scialyscopes to be projected by the some regular figures after segmentation, regulating scialyscope and make the warp in the overlapped figure in adjacent pattern edge, parallel completes overlap; Gray scale adjustment module, the brightness Alpha value regulating different scialyscope is the white image of 100%, by the photosensitive photographic head of gray scale, non-overlapped visuals is carried out photoreceptor signal collection, arranging its gray scale is ��, the brightness of overlapped for adjacent pattern edge figure is lowered, until the gray scale of overlapping gray scale �� and non-overlapped figure is equal or error is less than 0.5%, more different scialyscopes is projected in the lump;

Wherein color correction module includes: uses smart camera to measure different projector module of produced intrinsic brilliance when projecting same brightness color, processes to draw the module of the color mapping relations of every projector to the photo of shooting under different brightness; Before every projector shows, arranging the color table of different screen, what produce color value maps the similar module so that same color that different projector projects goes out is tried one's best.

Wherein, above-mentioned scialyscope is high-resolution scialyscope, and above-mentioned engineering annular projection curtain can be LED/LCD circular shower screen.

Land rig installs operation simulation system can also to accident and complex situations simulation, fault common in main analog drilling process and complex situations. Main control computer generation accident, it is desirable to trainee judges accident pattern correctly process accident by the phenomenon that model reaction goes out. The accident of main analog has: adhere to bit freezing simulated technological process, sand setting bit freezing simulated technological process, balling-up sticking simulated technological process, die nipple salvaging simulated technological process, junk milling simulated technological process. Its technological process is as follows.

Install the critical piece of operation simulation system according to above-mentioned land rig, the generation method of its three-dimensional animation model is as follows:

The first step, material collection, early stage is in the on-the-spot collection carrying out screen and photographic material in rig builder ground, and each step of rig actual installation carries out omnidistance shooting by video camera;

Second step, modeling, carry out 3D modeling work by the material collected; The size of model makes fully according to the size equal proportion of actual rig object; In order to ensure quality of animation, model is refined;

3rd step, model action, after 3D modelling completes, according to installation steps and flow process, proceed by the action adjustment work of 3D model, from first step draw base line figure, the installation of each object afterwards includes the action adjustment of crane, and object installs the action adjustment of animation and the upper pin put in place;

4th step, model pinup picture and material, the pinup picture of model and material make with color fully according to the gloss of true rig, it is ensured that in animation, each object is identical with practical situation, and then these materials give the model built up;

5th step, background is arranged, and in animation, rig infield selects to carry out in desert, so having selected short rock and desert as a setting; 6th step, light is arranged, and in order to simulate the illumination under true environment, allows whole rig install the effect of shadow of scene more true, has made the light permutation of exhibition up to a hundred, be used for simulating the illumination of sky and the irradiation of the sun in whole scene;

7th step, camera lens is arranged, and the position of alignment lens had both been presented to the part on screen for animation, and in order to ensure to see clearly the installation process of each parts, camera lens is set to be directed at the parts installed, and during the tiny object such as upper pin, camera lens furthers and gives feature;

8th step, integrates, completes material collection, modeling, model action, model pinup picture and material, background is arranged, and light is arranged, after camera lens is arranged, whole scene being integrated together, both included from draw base line, the installation of each parts, to the complete overall process that hoists of last base;

9th step, renders, and starts to be rendered to picture according to the camera lens set by the scene integrated, and the cartoon setting of a second is 25 pictures, and photo resolution is set to 2560X768; The machine of rendering be 60 station servers compositions render farm, continual rendered by 24 hours, within 45 days consuming time, render complete, amount to and render 192000, fine picture;

Tenth step, dubs, background music and audio, dubs engagement specialty voice-over actor and records, explanation during including each step installation steps and derrick lifting, and background music coordinates different installation steps, selects the background music of different tune; And put in place in parts lifting, sledgehammer strikes the positions such as pin and is equipped with corresponding audio;

11st step, the later stage synthesizes, and 192000 pictures rendered is imported synthesizer, synthesizes complete screen animation, add the Chinese and English subtitles explained orally, and will dub, and background music and audio are simultaneously synthesizing in video; In order to ensure quality, after synthesis, the video format of output is the avi file without compression, and whole file is 1.3TB;

12nd step, turns pressure for issuing form, plays in order to convenient, it is necessary to original video files big for 1.3TB turns pressure; Being set to 32000Kbps code check, WMV8 form, encoder is FFmpeg; Turning the definitive document after pressure is 29G; Playing smoothness, image quality is farthest protected.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that this utility model is for simulating the analog of land rig

Fig. 2 is this utility model land rig display systems structure chart

Fig. 3 is driller's operating board front of the present utility model control panel front view

Fig. 4 is driller's operating board side of the present utility model control panel front view

Fig. 5 is that Mechanical course panel front view is driven on top of the present utility model

Fig. 6 is operating board control planning schematic diagram of the present utility model

Fig. 7 is drilling derrick of the present utility model/substructure model fundamental diagram

Fig. 8 is control system global structure figure of the present utility model

Fig. 9 is derrick lifting process chart of the present utility model

Figure 10 is that base of the present utility model hoists process chart

Figure 11 is that base of the present utility model transfers process chart

Figure 12 is that process chart transferred by derrick of the present utility model

Figure 13 be of the present utility model normal under bore process chart

Figure 14 is slacking off process chart of the present utility model

Figure 15 is normal trip-out process chart of the present utility model

Figure 16 is that of the present utility model trip-out meets clipping technique flow chart

Figure 17 is that of the present utility model normally creeping into connects column flow chart

Figure 18 be of the present utility model suppress jump off creep into flow chart

Figure 19 is that high pressure formation of the present utility model creeps into flow chart

Figure 20 is that low-pressure stratum of the present utility model creeps into flow chart

Figure 21 is adhesion bit freezing modeling process chart of the present utility model

Figure 22 is sand setting bit freezing modeling process chart of the present utility model

Figure 23 is balling-up sticking modeling process chart of the present utility model

Figure 24 is that die nipple of the present utility model salvages modeling process chart

Figure 25 is junk milling modeling process chart of the present utility model

Detailed description of the invention

Work process of the present utility model is specifically introduced below in conjunction with Figure of description:

Referring to Fig. 1, what this utility model was targeted includes the analog for simulating land rig for the analog simulating land rig, and described analog includes rig model, front-end operations platform, operation of teacher platform and triple channel ring curtain projection display system. Wherein front-end operations platform includes Parameters Computer, wherein this Parameters Computer completes data acquisition and the control of whole system as distributed host computer, the execution of main control computer and graphic computer completion system mastery routine and the process of ring curtain figure and display.

Driller's operating board includes cabinet, internal control plate and Parameters Computer, the front of described cabinet is provided with driller's operating board front control panel, one side of cabinet is provided with driller's operating board side control panel, and another side of cabinet is provided with top and drives Mechanical course panel and the control panel of buffering fluid cylinder. wherein on the control panel of driller's operating board front, it is provided with power knob 8, power on button 7, air horn switch 6, anti-collision release button 5, suspending weight trimmer valve 19, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve 17, tongs torque damping device 14, standpipe pressure antivibrator 15, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, the used control switch of stopping of power shaft, shift control switch, Caput Felis domestica controls switch, pneumatic spinner controls switch, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder selects switch, base hydraulic switchs, park brake switch and emergency stop switch, also include display table group, wherein said display table group includes bleed pressure table 2, cooling water pressure table, winch oil gauge 3, rotating disk oil gauge 4, rotary torque indicator 13, Pump pressure meter, tongs torque meter 16, left pincers Pressure gauge 9, right pincers torque meter 10, safety tongs Pressure gauge 12, Caput Felis domestica Pressure gauge 1, drilling torque table, tachoscope, weight indicator 18, rotating disk ammeter, backset Pressure gauge and pulleying Pressure gauge, and concrete structure is arranged as shown in Figure 3, arrange assignment switch on the control panel of driller station side, electromotor scram button, rectification scram button, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch, electromagnetic eddy current brake switch, rotating disk rotating select switch, winch rotating to select switch, No. 1 slush pump switch, No. 2 slush pump switches, No. 3 slush pump switches, low pressure alarms switches, and concrete structure layout is as shown in Figure 4,

The internal control plate of front-end operations platform includes front-end operations platform the first programmable controller PLC 1 and the second programmable controller PLC 2, above-mentioned programmable controller PLC and Parameters Computer data communication adopt RS232 agreement to communicate, wherein the CPU module of the first programmable controller PLC 1 by A/D module respectively with power knob, power on button, air horn switchs, anti-collision release button, suspending weight trimmer valve, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve, tongs torque damping device, standpipe pressure antivibrator, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, the used control switch of stopping of power shaft, shift control switch, Caput Felis domestica controls switch, pneumatic spinner controls switch, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder selects switch, base hydraulic switchs, park brake switch and emergency stop switch connect, and are switched with assignment respectively by the On-off signal port of PLC, electromotor scram button, rectification scram button, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch, electromagnetic eddy current brake switchs, rotating disk rotating selects switch, winch rotating selects switch, No. 1 slush pump switch, No. 2 slush pump switches, No. 3 slush pump switches, low pressure alarm switch is attached, gathered each switch on driller's operating board by PLC, knob state is to simulate the elevating control of winch, and the rotating speed of rotating disk controls, the speed regulating control of slush pump, gather winch clutch position, winch gear, disk clutch position, rotating disk gear, pump control mechanism position, diesel engine power actuator position simultaneously, the parameters such as monitoring suspending weight, the pressure of the drill, rig bleed pressure, mud density, mud viscosity and mud dehydration, make driller's operating board realize the lift control to derrick/base, the control of the rotating speed to brill dish and the speed regulating control to slush pump by the control of PLC.

Wherein top is driven and is provided with in scram button, suspension ring position button on Mechanical course panel, the revolution of reset/mute button, suspension ring selects switch, inner blowout preventer switch, hydraulic pump switch, locking pin switch, back-up tong select switch, suspension ring to tilt to select switch, brake to select switch, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switch, the selection of selection of Motor switch, operating selection switch, direction of rotation to switch, being provided with left and right fluid cylinder on the control panel of buffering fluid cylinder selects handle, fluid cylinder pressure to select handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retract joystick, wherein the CPU module of the second programmable controller PLC 2 of the internal control plate of front-end operations platform by A/D module respectively with scram button, position button in suspension ring, reset/mute button connects, switch is selected with suspension ring revolution respectively by the On-off signal port of PLC, inner blowout preventer switchs, hydraulic pump switchs, locking pin switchs, back-up tong selects switch, suspension ring tilt to select switch, brake selects switch, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switchs, selection of Motor switchs, operating selection switch, direction of rotation selects switch to be attached realizing top is driven being controlled.

Wherein cushion and be provided with left and right fluid cylinder selection handle on the control panel of fluid cylinder, fluid cylinder pressure selects handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retract joystick; Wherein the CPU module of the second programmable controller PLC 2 of the internal control plate of front-end operations platform selects handle, fluid cylinder pressure to select handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retract joystick respectively to be connected to be controlled cushioning fluid cylinder by A/D module with left and right fluid cylinder.

During work: first make front end stage, rig model, operation of teacher platform, and triple channel ring curtain projection display system is both powered up, make land rig that operation simulation system start-up work is installed, after Parameters Computer starts, automatically run and " land rig installs operation simulation systematic parameter program " therein is set, above-mentioned parameter program is responsible for the state of receiving front-end hardware, it is transferred to primary control program by network after processing, parameter program realizes preferably include " the pressure of the drill ", " suspending weight ", " discharge capacity " etc. creep into the outer aobvious of real-time parameter, and operation setting runnable interface can be entered into realize equipment initial work and the operation setting of simulation job by program. after graphic computer has started, run graphic package therein, respectively enter following training project to select: rig is installed animation, derrick lifting simulation, Virtual assemble operation, crept into simulated operation and electronic albums, the person of being operated by selects on graphic computer, can enter different training project modules and give training.

Carrying out rig, animation is installed, when Virtual assemble operation or electronic albums demonstration, the execution of mastery routine is completed by the main control computer in operation of teacher platform, the graph data after process and module action data is sent to the process for ring curtain figure and the graphic computer of display by the Data Transport Protocol subscribed, data in graphic computer are transferred to the image co-registration machine in triple channel ring curtain projection display system, the image information that graphic computer produces is distributed to three projectors by image co-registration machine again, and carry out Fusion Edges, after geometric correction and color correction, graph data after above-mentioned mastery routine being processed and module action data projection are on engineering annular projection curtain, with sound, images etc. are prone to carry out with operator the mode of man-machine interaction and show that rig uses to engineers and technicians, key operation flow process in installation and removal process and technical essential and whole drill rig components composition. this system adopts virtual Display Technique to build the visual environment that a sense of reality is extremely strong, student is allowed to have sensation on the spot in person, show that rig is installed with intuitive way to engineers and technicians, key operation flow process in unloading process and technical essential, thus the understanding solving the existence of existing traditionally on paper description is difficult and understands the problems such as ambiguity, the reading making description is simpler, more vivid, stops to understand difference because of individuality and causes the generation that misreading of description causes accident.

When carrying out derrick lifting simulation and creeping into simulated operation, upon power-up of the system, first winch, slush pump and rotating disk are carried out initialization operation, valve member each on driller station operating board is returned to initial position, and driller station operation is linked with derrick model. time actually used, receive operator on driller station by the analog-and digital-input port collection on PLC on the one hand and operate produced analog quantity and digital quantity signal, above-mentioned signal is sent to Parameters Computer, Parameters Computer is entered information into by the communication module of main control computer and is suitable to outer aobvious signal to drawing with process in the various analog in main control computer, above-mentioned signal sends the process for ring curtain figure and the graphic computer of display to by Data Transport Protocol, data in graphic computer are transferred to the image co-registration machine in triple channel ring curtain projection display system, the image information that graphic computer produces is distributed to three projectors by image co-registration machine again, and carry out Fusion Edges, after geometric correction and color correction, graph data after above-mentioned mastery routine being processed and module action data projection are on engineering annular projection curtain, thus completing the simulation to derrick lifting process and drilling operation. on the other hand, with Parameters Computer for host computer, count, by analog-and digital-on PLC, the high-speed pulse signal that port exports and motor is controlled, and then realize driller station hoisting and the control of lowering operation to rig model. therefore the operation simulation system that this utility model relates to can simulate the various operating modes during rig is installed and used, experience by various possible accidents and expert, join in training system, pre-buried by fault, fault is artificially set, simultaneous display related data and parameter, comprehensive training operator. system adopts virtual reality technology to build the visual environment that a sense of reality is extremely strong, allows student have sensation on the spot in person. by the rehearsal repeatedly on stimulating and training system, student can grasp, be familiar with hints on operation and the technical specification of equipment, improves student to various accident judgements and disposal ability, reduces the generation of human accident, training cost, enhancement training efficiency can also be reduced simultaneously.

As shown in Figure 2, described demo system includes well site entirety display systems and internal structure display systems, wherein said well site entirety display systems includes base, derrick and irrigated area, and described internal structure display systems includes turntable structure displaying, winch structure is shown and slush pump configuration shows.

Parts all in rig are supplied to student with the form of button on projection display system and select by described device. When student have selected the parts being currently needed for installing, if selecting correct, system can show the position of multiple these parts that can install on screen, but only one of which is correct. If student selects correctly, system can play the installation animation of these parts on ring curtain; If selection mistake, system prompt setup error.

Demonstration also includes be amplified reducing to model by the operation of mouse, and three dimensional coordinate space any direction moves or rotates.

Demonstration also includes the internal structure choosing parts to take apart with three-dimensional display, and provide numbering and the title of all parts forming these parts, internal structure exposition then shows the internal structure of the parts of the important greatly relative complex again of rotating disk, winch and slush pump three, show and pass through explosive view, the modes such as details annotation, the form of important inner body of all parts, position, function are explained, thus allowing user understand its groundwork mechanism. In more detail, this utility model also includes these contents: land rig is installed operation simulation system and included: driller's operating board, rig model, operation of teacher platform and triple channel ring curtain projection display system.

Driller's operating board includes cabinet, internal control plate and Parameters Computer, the front of described cabinet is provided with driller's operating board front control panel, one side of cabinet is provided with driller's operating board side control panel, and another side of cabinet is provided with top and drives Mechanical course panel and the control panel of buffering fluid cylinder. Wherein be provided with power knob, power on button, air horn switch, anti-collision release button, suspending weight trimmer valve, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve, tongs torque damping device, standpipe pressure antivibrator on the control panel of driller's operating board front, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, the used control switch of stopping of power shaft, shift control switch, Caput Felis domestica controls switch, pneumatic spinner controls switch, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder select to switch, base hydraulic switchs, park brake switch and emergency stop switch; Also include display table group, wherein said display table group includes bleed pressure table, cooling water pressure table, winch oil gauge, rotating disk oil gauge, rotary torque indicator, Pump pressure meter, tongs torque meter, left pincers Pressure gauge, right pincers torque meter, safety tongs Pressure gauge, Caput Felis domestica Pressure gauge, drilling torque table, tachoscope, weight indicator, rotating disk ammeter, backset Pressure gauge and pulleying Pressure gauge; Arrange assignment switch on the control panel of driller station side, electromotor scram button, rectification scram button, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch, electromagnetic eddy current brake switch, rotating disk rotating select switch, winch rotating to select switch, No. 1 slush pump switch, No. 2 slush pump switches, No. 3 slush pump switches, low pressure alarms to switch;

5), gas enters pit shaft from stratum and meets Darcy's law.

7), the geothermal gradient assumed in well be a constant, then:

(1) drilling process model

1), equation for drilling rate

In formula:

A--the pressure of the drill index

B--rotating speed index

C--strata pressure index

D--drilling fluid density difference coefficient

k_d--stratum statistics drillability (k_d=0.00165H+0.635)

W--is than the pressure of the drill (KN/mm)

N--rotating speed (rpm)

H_EI--effectively drill bit is than water-horse power (kw/mm²)

��_m--actual or design mud density (g/cm³)

��_p--strata pressure equal yield density (g/cm³)

V--rate of penetration (m/h)

2), effective drill bit is than the calculating of water-horse power

In formula:

H_EI--effectively drill bit is than water-horse power (kw/mm²)

��_m--actual or design mud density (g/cm³)

Q--discharge capacity, liter/second

D_b--bit diameter, centimetre

d_e--nozzle equivalent diameter, centimetre

(j₁, j₂, j₃Nozzle diameter, centimetre)

(2) overflow model

1), flooding process simulation

When there is overflow, the gas flow entered from stratum in pit shaft increases, and bottom pressure will constantly reduce, and gas admission velocity will be continuously increased, and in this process, the change of all parameters is all the continuous function of time. For this, if in a fairly small interval �� t, air inflow meets quadratic linear equation.

(1) gas flow calculates

In formula:

Q_gs--corresponding to P_bStandard state under gas flow amount, m3/s

P_p, P_b--stratum, shaft bottom effective pressure, kPa

C--seepage coefficient, 3/ kPa of second (0.2) of rice

Within the j moment �� t time:

(2) every section of mixture length �� H_mix(j)(j=1,2,3 ... n-1)

��H_mix(j)={ Q [P_(j)-P_(j-1)]+U_jQ_gs(j)ln[P_(j)/P_(j-1)]}/(g��Q)

In formula:

Q--mud displacement, m3/s

KPa

P_(j)--jth section mixture base pressure, kPa

P_(j-1)--jth section mixture top pressure, kPa

��--mud density, grams per cubic centimter

G--acceleration of gravity, meter per second 2

(3) annular space mixture total length

(4) spillway discharge in well

(5) every section of mixture density is determined

In formula:

--slurry body integration amount in mixture,

A_a--this overflow segment annular space cross-sectional area, millimeter 2

--natural-gas integration amount in mixture,

��_g--natural gas density, grams per cubic centimter

Because ��_gMuch smaller than ��, institute's above formula is rewritable is:

2), closing well flooding process simulation

Closing well process is actually the process that bottom pressure recovers. During firm closing well, due to bottom pressure lack of equilibrium strata pressure, formation fluid also to go successively to pit shaft, and the gases at high pressure of entrance compress mineshaft annulus mixture, make casing pressure and standpipe pressure be continuously increased. Along with the prolongation of closed-in time, bottom pressure is gradually increased, and formation fluid admission velocity gradually decreases, to the last bottom pressure equilibrium strata pressure. In closing well process, no matter being pit shaft or stratum, all parameters are all time function. Mathematical model and computational methods thereof because describing this process are very complicated, are not described in detail here. Only provide the relevant parameter calculation formulas such as closing well stably rear shaft bottom mixture length below.

(1) closing well stably rear shaft bottom mixture length

In formula:

�� p=g �� Q �� t/A_a

The hop count of divided mixture in n--annular space

(2) length of the closing well stably pure gas column in rear shaft bottom

H_mix(n+1)=H_mixO-H_mix(n)

(3) gas expansion model

1), the equation of gas state

In formula:

P_s--the pressure under standard state, kPa

V_s--the volume under standard state, rice 3

Z_s--the coefficient of compressibility under standard state

T_s--the temperature under standard state, �� K

P--pressure, kPa

V--gas volume, rice 3

T--temperature, �� K

Z--is T in temperature, and pressure is coefficient of compressibility when P

As long as we are aware of the pressure in certain moment, temperature and coefficient of compressibility, it is possible to try to achieve gas volume now.

2), the pressure that gas overflow weight produces in annular space

According to gas in annular space in uphill process gas weight constant, trying to achieve the gas column density in the kill-job moment with the equation of gas state is:

In formula: ��_s, P_s, T_s, Z_s--represent the gas density under standard state, pressure, temperature and coefficient of compressibility, T respectively_x--gas rises to a certain moment gas column midpoint formation temperature, �� K

The pressure that then gas column weight causes is:

By gas height gas volume V_x(rice 3) and cross-sectional area A_a(rice 3) represents, then:

A in formula_��For the cross-sectional area of gas place annular space section, change; But for convenience of calculation, can by A_aValue be taken as the average traversal area of whole annular space, then the pressure that gas weight causes is a constant. Because the value of this pressure is originally only small, the error that such simplification causes after processing can be disregarded.

3), gas compressive coefficient

Quote Kenneth, R.Hall propose formula simplified after, obtain following computing formula to seek Z_xValue:

In formula:

Reduced pressure:

Reduced temperature:

Above formula is an implicit form, and it is relatively difficult for coefficient of compressibility being expressed by an accurate expression formula, it is possible to obtain coefficient of compressibility with trial and error procedure, and its solution is: first assume an initial compression factor Z₀, calculate P_r��T_r, then obtain W, finally calculate Z again, if | Z-Z₀|�ܦ� (�� is precision, generally takes 0.0001), then the Z assumed is described₀It it is exactly required compressibility factor; If | Z-Z₀| > ��, then illustrate to need again to assume Z₀, then calculate Z. Until | Z-Z₀| till�ܦ� meets.

(4) circulating pressure computation model

1), drill bit pressure consumption

In formula:

P_b--bit pressuredrop, MPa;

��--mud density, grams per cubic centimter;

The Q--mud displacement by bit nozzle, liter/second;

A₀--jet area is amassed, and centimetres 2

C--nozzle orifice coeficient (0.98)

2), the intrinsic pressure consumption of drilling rod:

In formula:

P_l--the intrinsic pressure consumption of drilling rod, Mpa;

��--mud density, grams per cubic centimter;

��--mud plastic viscosity, the handkerchief second;

D--drilling rod internal diameter, centimetre;

B--constant, internal flush drill pipe B=0.51655

Q--mud flow rate, liter/second;

L_p--drilling rod overall length, rice.

3), drilling rod outer ring space pressure consumption

In formula:

P_l--drilling rod outer ring space pressure consumption, Mpa;

��--mud density, grams per cubic centimter;

��--mud plastic viscosity, the handkerchief second;

D, D₀--hole diameter and drilling rod external diameter, centimetre;

Q--mud flow rate, liter/second;

L_p--drilling rod overall length, rice.

4), the internal pressure consumption of drill collar

In formula:

P_l--the internal pressure consumption of drill collar, Mpa;

��--mud density, grams per cubic centimter;

��--mud plastic viscosity, the handkerchief second;

d_c--drill collar internal diameter, centimetre;

Q--mud flow rate, liter/second;

L_c--drill collar total length, rice.

5), the outer annular pressure lost of drill collar

In formula:

P_l--drill collar outer ring space pressure consumption, Mpa;

��--mud density, grams per cubic centimter;

��--mud plastic viscosity, the handkerchief second;

D, D_c--hole diameter and drill collar external diameter, centimetre;

Q--mud flow rate, liter/second;

L_c--drill collar total length, rice.

(5) drilling tool lifting model

1) drill string force model when, making a trip

Pull out of hole:

Lower brill:

In formula:

F--hook lifting force newton

F_m--frictional force (or brake force) newton that brake lever produces

F_f--buoyancy newton

F_f=�� (�� q_il_i)��_a

The acceleration meter per second 2 of a--drill string

q_i--the unit mass kg/m of drill string

l_i--the length meter of certain section of drill string

��--mud density grams per cubic centimter

��_a--certain section of drill string density grams per cubic centimter

F_k--drill string frictional force newton in well

G--acceleration of gravity meter per second 2

2) rate pattern is promoted when, making a trip

V_pi(i)=V_pi(i-1)+a��t

In formula:

�� t--takes time step, second when calculating

V_pi(i)--t_(i)Moment drill string speed, meter per second

The effect of brake lever is to produce a frictional force, to stop the motion of drill string in well, therefore, brake lever effect is considered between 0��1, and namely when brake lever is fully depressed by, its brake lever act as 1, represents and stops extremely by winch; When brake lever lifts completely, its brake lever act as 0, represents and is totally released by brake strap. This braking action (braking action is exactly the frictional force that brake strap produces with brake rim) between 0��1 meets winch brake drum friction model.

(6) model that hoists/transfer of drilling derrick/base

Derrick lifting transfers model

Derrick lifting force analysis: during derrick lifting, overall rotation around bottom coercive mechanism 0 rises, and overall force analysis is as follows:

2F (b+c)+P a=G₁��L₁��cos(��+��₁)+G₂��L₂��cos(��+��₂)

In formula:

A--is the fast line pull arm of force to pivot point 0

B, c--be the man-like shelf pulley both sides big lifting rope pulling force arm of force to fulcrum 0 respectively

L₁��L₂--derrick center of gravity and overhead traveling crane center of gravity are to the distance of fulcrum 0

��--for derrick lifting angle (0��90 degree)

��₁--for the angle of contour line below derrick center of gravity and fulcrum 0 line and derrick

��₂--for the angle of contour line below overhead traveling crane center of gravity and fulcrum 0 line and derrick

G₁--conduct oneself with dignity for derrick

G₂--conduct oneself with dignity for overhead traveling crane

P--is fast line pull

F--is big lifting rope pulling force

1. arm of force b and the relational expression playing lift angle �� are calculated: jack up unit is wherein reduced to a planar motion mechanism, and man-like shelf pulley is reduced to a fixed point.

In formula:

S₁��S₂--for structure preset parameter

A--is derrick when keeping flat, the angle between big lifting rope

��--for derrick lifting angle (0��90 degree)

2. arm of force c and the relational expression playing lift angle �� are calculated: derrick side leading block is reduced to a fixed point.

In formula:

S₃--for structure preset parameter

B--is derrick when keeping flat, the angle between big lifting rope

��--for derrick lifting angle (0��90 degree)

3. arm of force a and the relational expression playing lift angle �� are calculated: derrick side leading block is reduced to a fixed point.

In formula:

S₄��S₅--for structure preset parameter

C--is derrick when keeping flat, the angle between big lifting rope

��--for derrick lifting angle (0-90 degree)

4. calculate big lifting rope tensile force f, fast line pull P and the relational expression playing lift angle ��: as primary Calculation, have ignored the gravity of space low-angle, the deformation of rope and tourist bus, hook.

In formula:

F--is big lifting rope tensile force f

P--is fast line pull

��--for derrick lifting angle (0��90 degree)

L--be derrick lifting to �� angle time, the length of this section of big lifting rope

H--is the derrick top vertical height to ground

S₁��S₂--for structure preset parameter

5. lift P and the relational expression playing lift angle �� have been calculated:

In formula:

G₁--conduct oneself with dignity for derrick

G₂--conduct oneself with dignity for overhead traveling crane

P--is fast line pull

��--for derrick lifting angle (0��90 degree)

H--is the derrick top vertical height to ground

S₁��S₂��S₃��S₄��S₅--for structure preset parameter.

7th step, camera lens is arranged, and the position of alignment lens had both been presented to the part on screen for animation, and in order to ensure to see clearly the installation process of each parts, camera lens is set to be directed at the parts installed, and during the tiny object such as upper pin, camera lens furthers and gives feature; 8th step, integrates, completes material collection, modeling, model action, model pinup picture and material, background is arranged, and light is arranged, after camera lens is arranged, whole scene being integrated together, both included from draw base line, the installation of each parts, to the complete overall process that hoists of last base;

Claims

1. the description demo system of a land rig, it is characterized in that: include the analog for simulating land rig, described analog includes rig model, front-end operations platform, operation of teacher platform and triple channel ring curtain projection display system, wherein front-end operations platform includes Parameters Computer, wherein this Parameters Computer completes data acquisition and the control of whole system as distributed host computer, the execution of main control computer and graphic computer completion system mastery routine and the process of ring curtain figure and display;

The internal control plate of driller's operating board includes driller's operating board the first programmable controller PLC (1) and the second programmable controller PLC (2), above-mentioned programmable controller PLC and Parameters Computer data communication adopt RS232 agreement to communicate, wherein the CPU module of the first programmable controller PLC (1) by A/D module respectively with power knob, power on button, air horn switchs, anti-collision release button, suspending weight trimmer valve, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve, tongs torque damping device, standpipe pressure antivibrator, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, the used control switch of stopping of power shaft, shift control switch, Caput Felis domestica controls switch, pneumatic spinner controls switch, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder selects switch, base hydraulic switchs, park brake switch and emergency stop switch connect, and are switched with assignment respectively by the On-off signal port of PLC, electromotor scram button, rectification scram button, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch, electromagnetic eddy current brake switchs, rotating disk rotating selects switch, winch rotating selects switch, No. 1 slush pump switch, No. 2 slush pump switches, No. 3 slush pump switches, low pressure alarm switch is attached, gathered each switch on driller's operating board by PLC, knob state is to simulate the elevating control of winch, and the rotating speed of rotating disk controls, the speed regulating control of slush pump, gather winch clutch position, winch gear, disk clutch position, rotating disk gear, pump control mechanism position, diesel engine power actuator position simultaneously, monitoring suspending weight, the pressure of the drill, rig bleed pressure, mud density, mud viscosity and mud dehydration parameter, make driller's operating board realize the lift control to derrick/base, the control of the rotating speed to brill dish and the speed regulating control to slush pump by the control of PLC,

Wherein top is driven and is provided with in scram button, suspension ring position button on Mechanical course panel, the revolution of reset/mute button, suspension ring selects switch, inner blowout preventer switch, hydraulic pump switch, locking pin switch, back-up tong select switch, suspension ring to tilt to select switch, brake to select switch, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switch, the selection of selection of Motor switch, operating selection switch, direction of rotation to switch, being provided with left and right fluid cylinder on the control panel of buffering fluid cylinder selects handle, fluid cylinder pressure to select handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retract joystick, wherein the CPU module of second programmable controller PLC (2) of the internal control plate of driller's operating board by A/D module respectively with scram button, position button in suspension ring, reset/mute button connects, switch is selected with suspension ring revolution respectively by the On-off signal port of PLC, inner blowout preventer switchs, hydraulic pump switchs, locking pin switchs, back-up tong selects switch, suspension ring tilt to select switch, brake selects switch, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switchs, selection of Motor switchs, operating selection switch, direction of rotation selects switch to be attached realizing top is driven being controlled,

Wherein cushion and be provided with left and right fluid cylinder selection handle on the control panel of fluid cylinder, fluid cylinder pressure selects handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retract joystick; Wherein the CPU module of second programmable controller PLC (2) of the internal control plate of driller's operating board selects handle, fluid cylinder pressure to select handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retract joystick respectively to be connected to be controlled cushioning fluid cylinder by A/D module with left and right fluid cylinder;

Rig model includes derrick model and substructure model, and derrick model includes derrick and derrick core controls machine, and wherein derrick is open front type derrick, by main body, man-like shelf and adnexa composition, adnexa mainly has quadruple board platform, dead line regulator, cage ladder, derrick main body is by upper left section, upper right section, left epimere, right epimere, lower-left section and bottom right section and back of the body crossbeam, brace, link one open front shaped steel frame structure of composition, the adjustment of main body is fixing is completed by two bayonet locks, and man-like shelf is by a left side, RAT, left, the portal structures of right rear leg and crossbeam composition, has been used for putting and resting against derrick, and jack up unit is by big lifting rope, high trestle, low trestle and hook block support composition derrick adopt man-like shelf to hoist mode, rely on the power of drilling floor surface winch, pass through fast line, hook pulls big lifting rope, realize derrick lifting, in order to make derrick smoothly by being placed on man-like shelf during derrick lifting, derrick center of gravity can be made again when transferring derrick to move forward simultaneously, thus relying on derrick dead weight to fall, being provided with buffer unit on man-like shelf, flexible by buffer unit realizes

Described demo system also includes well site entirety display systems and internal structure display systems, wherein said well site entirety display systems includes base, derrick and irrigated area, and described internal structure display systems includes turntable structure displaying, winch structure is shown and slush pump configuration shows.