CN204965892U

CN204965892U - Land rig installation operation simulation system

Info

Publication number: CN204965892U
Application number: CN201520045136.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 毕跃明; 包文德; 杜娟; 马骏; 王月玺; 田永生; 刘广军; 陈其军; 李和军; 龚捷
Original assignee: China Petroleum Technology and Development Corp
Current assignee: China Petroleum Technology and Development Corp
Priority date: 2015-01-22
Filing date: 2015-01-22
Publication date: 2016-01-13
Anticipated expiration: 2025-01-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a land rig installation operation simulation system, it carries out realistic simulation based on computer simulation technology and according to the on -the -spot actual operation flow of drilling operation to ZJ70D land rig's drilling technology process for drilling site operator's technological skill training has strengthened the visual of teaching training and has diped the sense, has shortened the training cycle, has improved the result of training, has reduced training cost.

Description

A kind of land rig installs operation simulation system

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of rig simulation system, specifically, relates to a kind of land rig and installs operation simulation system.

Background technology

Rig belongs to engineering machinery, and the safety in production of engineering machinery not only directly affects the serviceable life of machinery, and is related to the safety of people's lives and properties.Therefore the policy of " safety first, people-oriented " and " Safety first, precaution crucial " must be implemented.Due to the restriction of technical merit, the problem in wellsite facility installation, unloading process is very outstanding.How to improve equipment user level of skill, avoid the device damage because misoperation causes, minimizing accident occurs, and is the pressing problem that company must solve at present.

After drilling well completes, to need wellsite facility, as base, derrick, steam piano, preventer stack etc. are dismantled, to be transported to other situ of drilling well, and to install, to start new drilling operation.In equipment installation and removal process, certain working specification and technical key point must be followed, the correct installation of guarantee equipment, correct dismounting and safe handling.

But, the instructions that the working specification of current equipment user and technical key point are mainly provided by producer obtains with training, operative skill is then by the accumulation of experience and teaching of master worker, often there is following problem in these modes: practice opportunity is limited, be difficult to improve technical level: due to the singularity of drilling operation, some months is often wanted in the work such as the dismounting of drilling outfit and installation, even within 1 year, just carries out once, and operating personnel are difficult to accumulate various experience by practical operation.In addition, install at equipment, in unloading process, accident odds is relatively little, individual very limited to the process experience of accident, accumulation is difficult in the activity in production of reality to the judgement of accident, processing power and improves.Once burst accident, often from want of experience and processing power, cause the great loss of lives and property.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is the deficiency overcoming existing rig model, provides a kind of land rig to install operation simulation system.

Goal of the invention of the present utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of land rig installs operation simulation system, and it comprises rig model, front-end operations platform, operation of teacher platform and triple channel ring curtain projection display system.Wherein front-end operations platform comprises Parameters Computer, wherein this Parameters Computer completes data acquisition and the control of whole system as distributed host computer, the execution of main control computer and graphic computer completion system master routine and the process of ring curtain figure and display, each computing machine is interconnected by ICP/IP protocol.Front end data acquisition between front-end operations platform and rig model and control are completed by SIEMENSS7-200PLC, and connect and compose Siemens PPI network.PLC and Parameters Computer data communication adopt RS232 agreement.

Wherein front-end operations platform comprises cabinet and internal control plate, the front of described cabinet is provided with driller's station front control panel, a side of cabinet is provided with driller's station side control panel, and another side of cabinet is provided with the control panel that Mechanical course panel and buffering fluid cylinder are driven in top.On the control panel of driller's station front, be wherein provided with power knob, power on button, air horn switch, anti-collision release-push, suspending weight trimmer valve, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve, tongs torque damping device, standpipe pressure damper, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, used gauge tap, shift control switch, cat head gauge tap, pneumatic spinner gauge tap, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder selector switch, base hydraulic switch, park brake switch and the emergency stop switch stopped of input shaft; Also comprise indicator gauge group, wherein said indicator gauge group comprises bleed pressure table, cooling water pressure table, winch oil pressure gauge, rotating disk oil pressure gauge, rotary torque indicator, Pump pressure meter, tong torque meter, left pincers torque meter, right pincers torque meter, safety tongs tensimeter, cat head tensimeter, drilling torque table, tachometer gage, rotating disk reometer, backset tensimeter and pulleying tensimeter; Driller's station side control panel is arranged assignment switch, generator scram button, rectification scram button, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch, electromagnetic eddy current brake switch, rotating disk rotating selector switch, winch rotating selector switch, No. 1 steam piano switch, No. 2 steam piano switches, No. 3 steam piano switches, low pressure alarm switches;

The internal control plate of leading portion operator's console comprises front-end operations platform first programmable controller PLC 1 and the second programmable controller PLC 2, above-mentioned programmable controller PLC and Parameters Computer data communication adopt RS232 agreement to communicate, wherein the first programmable controller PLC 1 CPU module by A/D module respectively with power knob, power on button, air horn switch, anti-collision release-push, suspending weight trimmer valve, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve, tongs torque damping device, standpipe pressure damper, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, the used gauge tap of stopping of input shaft, shift control switch, cat head gauge tap, pneumatic spinner gauge tap, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder selector switch, base hydraulic switch, park brake switch and emergency stop switch connect, by the On-off signal port of PLC respectively with assignment switch, generator scram button, rectification scram button, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch, electromagnetic eddy current brake switch, rotating disk rotating selector switch, winch rotating selector switch, No. 1 steam piano switch, No. 2 steam piano switches, No. 3 steam piano switches, low pressure alarm switch connects, gather each switch on driller's operator's console by PLC, knob state is to simulate the elevating control of winch, and the rotating speed of rotating disk controls, the speed regulating control of steam piano, gather winch clutch position, winch gear, disk clutch position, rotating disk gear, pump control mechanism position, diesel engine power regulator position simultaneously, monitoring suspending weight, the pressure of the drill, rig bleed pressure, mud density, mud viscosity and these parameters of mud dehydration, make driller's operator's console realize the lift control to derrick/base, the control of the rotating speed to brill dish and the speed regulating control to steam piano by the control of PLC.

Wherein top is driven on Mechanical course panel and is provided with scram button, suspension ring meta button, reset/mute button, suspension ring revolution selector switch, inner blowout preventer switch, hydraulic pump switch, locking pin switch, back-up tong selector switch, suspension ring inclination selector switch, brake selector switch, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switch, selection of Motor switch, operating selection switch, sense of rotation selector switch, the control panel of buffering fluid cylinder being provided with left and right fluid cylinder selects handle, fluid cylinder pressure selection handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retraction joystick, wherein the second programmable controller PLC 2 of the internal control plate of front-end operations platform CPU module by A/D module respectively with scram button, suspension ring meta button, reset/mute button connects, selector switch is turned round with suspension ring respectively by the On-off signal port of PLC, inner blowout preventer switch, hydraulic pump switch, locking pin switch, back-up tong selector switch, suspension ring inclination selector switch, brake selector switch, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switch, selection of Motor switch, operating selection switch, sense of rotation selector switch carries out connecting to realize driving top controlling.

The control panel wherein cushioning fluid cylinder being provided with left and right fluid cylinder selects handle, fluid cylinder pressure selection handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retraction joystick; Wherein the second programmable controller PLC 2 of the internal control plate of front-end operations platform CPU module by A/D module select with left and right fluid cylinder respectively handle, fluid cylinder pressure selection handle and fluid cylinder stretch out/retraction joystick is connected to control cushioning fluid cylinder.

Rig model comprises drilling derrick and base simulator, and wherein derrick is open front type, is made up of main body, man-like shelf and annex, and annex mainly contains thribble board, dead line stabilizator, cage ladder.Derrick main body forms an open front shaped steel frame structure by upper left section, upper right section, left epimere, right epimere, lower-left section and bottom right section and back of the body crossbeam, brace, link, and the adjustment of main body is fixedly completed by two bayonet locks.Man-like shelf is by left and right foreleg, the portal structures of the composition such as left and right back leg and crossbeam, has been used for putting and propping up by derrick.Jack up unit is made up of big lifting rope, high trestle, low trestle and hook block support.Derrick adopts man-like shelf to hoist mode, rely on the power of drilling floor surface winch, big lifting rope is pulled by fast line, hook, realize derrick lifting, in order to derrick can be made stably by being placed on man-like shelf during derrick lifting, when transferring derrick, derrick center of gravity can be made again to move forward simultaneously, thus rely on derrick dead weight to fall, man-like shelf is provided with snubber assembly, is realized by the flexible of snubber assembly.

Base is primarily of base body, jack up unit, hydraulic damping device composition, and base adopts the motion principle of parallel-crank mechanism, thus the low level achieving high countertop fixture is installed.Adopt winch power, utilize hook block to make base from low level integral lifting to working position.Base body is divided into upper, middle and lower-ranking: upper strata is drilling floor surface part, be used for the equipment of installing drill table top, connected to form by pin, lower floor is pedestal base part, connects into left and right two parts respectively by left front pedestal and left back pedestal, right front pedestal and right back pedestal with pin.Connecting elements between left and right two parts has tie-beam, link and diagonal brace.Middle layer is support section, between upper and lower layer, plays to support drilling floor surface and play and puts base effect.Be made up of man-like shelf foreleg, man-like shelf back leg, front column, rear column, tiltedly column respectively, be connected with upper and lower layer with pin.Man-like shelf is made up of foreleg and back leg two parts, and one end of big lifting rope is fixed on man-like shelf back leg, plays the effect of support in the process that man-like shelf hoists at whole base.The collar is equipped with at big lifting rope two ends, separately has the 1 group of pulley participating in hoisting to be fixed on man-like shelf back leg.Described drilling well model also comprises protective device group, wherein protective device group comprises the drilling derrick crownblock protector realizing drilling derrick crown block anti-collision function, realize the excessive jack up unit of anti-drilling derrick of the excessive lifting functions of anti-drilling derrick, realize the excessive downward putting device of anti-drilling derrick of the excessive lowering function of anti-drilling derrick, realize the excessive jack up unit of anti-rig substructure of the excessive lifting functions of anti-rig substructure, realize the excessive downward putting device of anti-rig substructure of the excessive lowering function of anti-rig substructure, realize the excessive downward putting device of anti-drilling machine hook of the excessive lowering function of anti-drilling machine hook.

With regard to the application, the core controller of drilling derrick/base simulator selects siemens PLC series Programmable logic Controller (PLC), by each physical quantity on S7-200 direct control operation platform, using parameter machine as host computer, by teacher's controller, unified management is carried out to each PL2000 analog machine of winch control desk and front end.Whole system forms the dcs of a resource sharing, task sharing.Communication between each control desk adopts the special PPI communications protocol of Siemens.

S7-200CPU module in drilling derrick/base simulator realizes corresponding function by the state of inspection derrick crownblock protector, the excessive jack up unit of anti-drilling derrick, the excessive downward putting device of anti-drilling derrick, the excessive jack up unit of anti-rig substructure, the excessive downward putting device of anti-rig substructure, the excessive downward putting device of anti-drilling machine hook, to prevent from damaging drilling derrick/base simulator during student's maloperation.

For realizing hoisting and transferring and be controlled by driller's station of derrick/base, system adopts stepper motor to realize winch function, devises with the controlled step-by-step impulse of high speed in PLC system.In S7-200, devise two PTO/PWM generators, a high-speed pulse string or a pulse-width modulation waveform can be produced.A generator is digital output point Q0.0, and another generator is digital output point Q0.1.The specified register of specifying (SM) position is that each generator stores following data: a control byte (8), a count value (32 unsigned numbers) and one-period or pwm value (16 unsigned numbers).PTO/PWM generator and Process image register share Q0.0 and Q0.1.When activating PTO or PWM function on Q0.0 or Q0.1, PTO/PWM generator has control to output, and common output point function is prohibited simultaneously.Output waveform by process image zone state, output point force values or immediately output order perform impact.When not using PTO/PWM generator function, process image register is returned to the control of output point.Process image register determines the starting and ending state of output waveform, produces startup and the end of waveform with low and high level.Train of impulses PTO operation exports a string square wave (dutycycle 50%) according to given PTO pulse number and cycle.PTO can produce single hop train of impulses or multistage train of impulses (use pulse envelope), can specific pulse number and cycle.PTO function allows train of impulses " link " or " queuing ", when current burst has exported, can start to export a new train of impulses immediately, to ensure the continuity between multiple output pulse string.

Also there is Parameters Computer in front-end operations platform, wherein this Parameters Computer has had after PLC acquisition front end hardware information, information is sent to the communication module of main control computer, the information that wherein main control computer also sends over by communication module is transferred to front end hardware by PLC and is shown.

Teaching job platform has main control computer and graphic computer, and wherein this main control computer has main control module, and this main control module is used for communicating with communication module, obtains hardware device state in real time, described main control computer also comprises the analogue means of following multiple rig model: rig model drilling process analogue means, rig model simulating overflow device, rig model gas expansion analogue means, rig mold cycle calculation of pressure analogue means, the analogue means that hoists/transfer of the drilling derrick/base of rig model drilling tool lifting analogue means and rig model, wherein main control module also includes following multiple simulation system: for simulating the device of the hoisting of land rig derrick/base/lowering operation, for simulating the device of land rig trip-out and drill down operator, for simulating the device of land rig drilling operation, for simulating the device of land rig accident emergency operation.

Operation of teacher platform is mainly used in teacher and monitors student's operational circumstances, carries out auto judge to operating result, marking.Wherein main control computer is for completing the execution of said system master routine, and it comprises module for storing and arrange analog parameter, for the module of simulation process program, for controlling figure, calculating draw the module of kill-job curve, the module for performance rating and student management, the module gathering front-end equipment parameter, the module controlling Displaying Meter on front-end control platform and topworks.Graphic computer is used for process and the display of ring curtain figure, interconnected by this ICP/IP protocol between the two.

During work: first make front end stage, rig model, operation of teacher platform, and triple channel ring curtain projection display system all powers on, make land rig that operation simulation system startup work is installed, after Parameters Computer starts, automatic operation is arranged " land rig installs operation simulation systematic parameter program " wherein, above-mentioned parameter program is responsible for the state of receiving front-end hardware, after processing by Internet Transmission to primary control program, realize preferably including " the pressure of the drill " in parameter program, " suspending weight ", " discharge capacity " etc. creep into the outer aobvious of real-time parameter, and operation setting runnable interface can be entered into realize device initialize work and the operation setting of simulation job by program.After graphic computer has started, run graphic package wherein, enter following training project respectively to select: rig is installed animation, derrick lifting simulation, Virtual assemble operation, crept into simulated operation and electronic albums, selected on graphic computer by operator, different training project modules can be entered and give training.

Carrying out rig installation animation, when Virtual assemble operation or electronic albums demonstration, the execution of master routine is completed by the main control computer in operation of teacher platform, the graph data after process and module action data is sent the graphic computer of process for ring curtain figure and display to by the Data Transport Protocol of reservation, data in graphic computer are transferred to the image co-registration machine in triple channel ring curtain projection display system, the image information that graphic computer produces is distributed to three projector by image co-registration machine again, and carry out edge fusion, after geometry correction and color correction, by the graph data after above-mentioned master routine process and module action data projection on engineering annular projection curtain, with sound, to engineering technical personnel, the mode that image etc. are easy to carry out with operator man-machine interaction shows that rig uses, key operation flow process in installation and removal process and technical essential and whole drill rig components composition.This system adopts virtual display technique to build the extremely strong visual environment of a sense of reality, student is allowed to have sensation on the spot in person, show that rig is installed in mode intuitively to engineering technical personnel, key operation flow process in unloading process and technical essential, thus the understanding solving the existence of existing traditionally on paper instructions is difficult and understand the problems such as ambiguity, make the reading of instructions more simple, more vivid, stop to understand difference because of individuality and cause the generation misreading of instructions being caused to accident.

When carrying out derrick lifting simulation and creeping into simulated operation, upon power-up of the system, first winch, steam piano and rotating disk are carried out to initialization operation, valve member each on driller's station operator's console is returned to initial position, and driller's station operation is linked with derrick model.During actual use, receive operator on driller's station by the analog-and digital-input port collection on PLC on the one hand and operate the analog quantity and digital quantity signal that produce, above-mentioned signal is sent to Parameters Computer, information to be inputed to by the communication module of main control computer in the various analogue means in main control computer and draws with process and be suitable for outer aobvious signal by Parameters Computer, above-mentioned signal sends the graphic computer of process for ring curtain figure and display to by Data Transport Protocol, data in graphic computer are transferred to the image co-registration machine in triple channel ring curtain projection display system, the image information that graphic computer produces is distributed to three projector by image co-registration machine again, and carry out edge fusion, after geometry correction and color correction, by the graph data after above-mentioned master routine process and module action data projection on engineering annular projection curtain, thus the simulation completed derrick lifting process and drilling operation.On the other hand, take Parameters Computer as host computer, count by analog-and digital-on PLC the high-speed pulse signal that port exports and stepper motor is controlled, and then realize driller's station hoisting and the control of lowering operation to rig model.Therefore the operation simulation system that the utility model relates to can simulate rig installation and the various operating modes in using, by the experience of various possible accident and expert, join in training system, pre-buried by fault, artificially fault is set, simultaneous display related data and parameter, comprehensive training and operation personnel.System adopts virtual reality technology to build the extremely strong visual environment of a sense of reality, allows student have sensation on the spot in person.By the rehearsal repeatedly on stimulating and training system, student can grasp, be familiar with hints on operation and the technical manual of equipment, improves student to various accident diagnoses ability and processing power, reduces the generation of human accident, also training cost can be reduced, enhancement training efficiency simultaneously.

Triple channel ring curtain projection display system comprises: projector, engineering annular projection curtain and image co-registration machine.Wherein said projector is three Tai Zhengtou projectors, and described three projectors and engineering annular projection curtain combination image merge machine and form edge and merge optical projection system.Geometry rectification module, edge Fusion Module, color correction module is included in image co-registration machine.Wherein the image information that graphic computer produces is distributed to three projector by image co-registration machine, and carries out edge fusion.Described edge integration technology is exactly that the picture gone out by one group of projector carries out imbricate, and demonstrate one by integration technology and do not have gap brighter, super large, high-resolution entire picture, the effect of picture similarly is the picture of a projector.As two or multiple stage projector combination projection one width picture, understand some image overlap, the main function that edge merges is exactly that the lamplight brightness of Liang Tai projector lap is turned down gradually, makes the brightness of entire picture consistent.

Wherein Geometry rectification module comprises: described Geometry rectification module is for revising the geometric configuration of projects images, to ensure that edge fused controlling can adapt to multiple screen configuration, be preferably plane configuration, cylinder configuration or spherical configuration, make to project picture on tomb without geometric distortion.Described Geometry rectification module comprises following submodule: utilize longitude and latitude locating module and laser array to carry out sterically defined module in the mode of dot matrix to annular projection's curtain; The module forming equally spaced standard grid with space laser dot-matrix on annular projection's curtain is exported by the figure tube side of computing machine; Input computing machine by intelligent successive acquisitions projected image, and carry out Auto-matching by the space laser dot matrix on projection screen and standard grid thus draw the module of projector image and projection screen corresponding relation; Above-mentioned corresponding relation is utilized to realize carrying out the image exported the module of nonlinear geometry rectification.

Wherein Fusion Edges module comprises: for Iamge Segmentation being become the image segmentation module of some regular figures, projected by three projectors respectively to make some regular figures, the width being wherein divided into the overlapped part figure in adjacent pattern edge of some regular figures is within 5% of correspondingly-sized, and the edge of adjacent pattern after singulation appears in the overlapped figure in adjacent pattern edge simultaneously; For arranging the longitude and latitude locating module of crisscross warp and parallel on the entire image, it makes the color of the warp in each regular figure and parallel different, and utilize three projectors to be projected by the some regular figures after segmentation, adjustment projector makes the warp in the overlapped figure in adjacent pattern edge, and parallel completes overlap; Gray scale adjustment module, the brightness Alpha value regulating different projector is the white image of 100%, by gray scale photosensitive camera, photoreceptor signal collection is carried out to non-overlapped visuals, arranging its gray scale is α, the brightness of overlapped for adjacent pattern edge figure is lowered, until the gray scale of overlapping gray scale β and non-overlapped figure is equal or error is less than 0.5%, more different projectors is projected in the lump;

Wherein color correction module comprises: using smart camera to measure the module of the intrinsic brilliance that different projector produces when projecting same brightness color, the photo taken being processed to the module of the color map relation drawing every platform projector under different brightness; Before the display of every platform projector, arrange the color table of different screen, the mapping producing color value is with the as far as possible similar module of the same color making different projector projects and go out.

Front-end operations platform has Parameters Computer, wherein this Parameters Computer has had after PLC acquisition front end hardware information, information is sent to the communication module of main control computer, the information that wherein main control computer also sends over by communication module is transferred to front end hardware by PLC and is shown.

Teaching job platform has main control computer and graphic computer, and wherein this main control computer has main control module, and this main control module is used for communicating with communication module, obtains hardware device state in real time, described main control computer also comprises the analogue means of following multiple rig model: rig model drilling process analogue means, rig model simulating overflow device, rig model gas expansion analogue means, rig mold cycle calculation of pressure analogue means, the analogue means that hoists/transfer of the drilling derrick/base of rig model drilling tool lifting analogue means and rig model, wherein main control module also includes following multiple simulation system: for simulating the device of the hoisting of land rig derrick/base/lowering operation, for simulating the device of land rig trip-out and drill down operator, for simulating the device of land rig drilling operation, for simulating the device of land rig accident emergency operation,

Land rig operation simulation method comprises: creep into for simulating land rig the method for the hoisting of derrick/base/lowering operation, for simulate land rig pull out of hole and drill down operator method, for simulating the method for land rig drilling operation and the method for simulating the operation of land rig accident emergency.

Said method has the following advantages: simulation is crept in the top drive achieving highly emulation, enhances teaching, training presence, shortens the training cycle, improve result of training, reduce training cost.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is system hardware structure figure of the present utility model

Fig. 2 is driller's station front of the present utility model control panel front view

Fig. 3 is driller's station side of the present utility model control panel front view

Fig. 4 is that Mechanical course panel front view is driven on top of the present utility model

Fig. 5 is operator's console control planning schematic diagram of the present utility model

Fig. 6 is drilling derrick of the present utility model/base simulator fundamental diagram

Fig. 7 is control system overall construction drawing of the present utility model

Fig. 8 is derrick lifting process chart of the present utility model

Fig. 9 is that base of the present utility model hoists process chart

Figure 10 is that base of the present utility model transfers process chart

Figure 11 is that process chart transferred by derrick of the present utility model

Figure 12 be of the present utility model normal under bore process chart

Figure 13 is slacking off process chart of the present utility model

Figure 14 is normal trip-out process chart of the present utility model

Figure 15 is that clipping technique process flow diagram is met in trip-out of the present utility model

Figure 16 is that of the present utility model normally creeping into connects column process flow diagram

Figure 17 be of the present utility model suppress jump off creep into process flow diagram

Figure 18 is that high pressure formation of the present utility model creeps into process flow diagram

Figure 19 is that low-pressure stratum of the present utility model creeps into process flow diagram

Figure 20 is adhesion bit freezing modeling process chart of the present utility model

Figure 21 is sand setting bit freezing modeling process chart of the present utility model

Figure 22 is balling-up sticking modeling process chart of the present utility model

Figure 23 is that die nipple of the present utility model salvages modeling process chart

Figure 24 is junk milling modeling process chart of the present utility model

Embodiment

The technical solution of the utility model is further described: a kind of land rig installs operation simulation system, and it comprises rig model, front-end operations platform, operation of teacher platform and triple channel ring curtain projection display system below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Wherein front-end operations platform comprises Parameters Computer, wherein this Parameters Computer completes data acquisition and the control of whole system as distributed host computer, the execution of main control computer and graphic computer completion system master routine and the process of ring curtain figure and display, each computing machine is interconnected by ICP/IP protocol.Front end data acquisition between front-end operations platform and rig model and control are completed by SIEMENSS7-200PLC, and connect and compose Siemens PPI network.PLC and Parameters Computer data communication adopt RS232 agreement, and the overall hardware structure diagram of this system as shown in Figure 1.

Wherein front-end operations platform comprises cabinet and internal control plate, the front of described cabinet is provided with driller's station front control panel, a side of cabinet is provided with driller's station side control panel, and another side of cabinet is provided with the control panel that Mechanical course panel and buffering fluid cylinder are driven in top.Wherein on the control panel of driller's station front, be provided with power knob 8, power on button 7, air horn switch 6, anti-collision release-push 5, suspending weight trimmer valve 19, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve 17, tongs torque damping device 14, standpipe pressure damper 15, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, the used gauge tap of stopping of input shaft, shift control switch, cat head gauge tap, pneumatic spinner gauge tap, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder selector switch, base hydraulic switch, park brake switch and emergency stop switch, also comprise indicator gauge group, wherein said indicator gauge group comprises bleed pressure table 2, cooling water pressure table, winch oil pressure gauge 3, rotating disk oil pressure gauge 4, rotary torque indicator 13, Pump pressure meter, tongs torque meter 16, left pincers tensimeter 9, right pincers torque meter 10, safety tongs tensimeter 12, cat head tensimeter 1, drilling torque table, tachometer gage, weight indicator 18, rotating disk reometer, backset tensimeter and pulleying tensimeter, and concrete structure is arranged as shown in Figure 2, driller's station side control panel is arranged assignment switch 59, generator scram button 21, rectification scram button 23, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch 41, electromagnetic eddy current brake switch 22, rotating disk rotating selector switch 26-27, winch rotating selector switch 28-29, No. 1 steam piano switch 30, No. 2 steam piano switches 32, No. 3 steam piano switches 34, low pressure alarm switches 39, concrete structure is arranged as shown in Figure 3,

The internal control plate of leading portion operator's console comprises front-end operations platform first programmable controller PLC 1 and the second programmable controller PLC 2, above-mentioned programmable controller PLC and Parameters Computer data communication adopt RS232 agreement to communicate, wherein the first programmable controller PLC 1 CPU module by A/D module respectively with power knob, power on button, air horn switch, anti-collision release-push, suspending weight trimmer valve, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve, tongs torque damping device, standpipe pressure damper, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, the used gauge tap of stopping of input shaft, shift control switch, cat head gauge tap, pneumatic spinner gauge tap, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder selector switch, base hydraulic switch, park brake switch and emergency stop switch connect, by the On-off signal port of PLC respectively with assignment switch, generator scram button, rectification scram button, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch, electromagnetic eddy current brake switch, rotating disk rotating selector switch, winch rotating selector switch, No. 1 steam piano switch, No. 2 steam piano switches, No. 3 steam piano switches, low pressure alarm switch connects, gather each switch on driller's operator's console by PLC, knob state is to simulate the elevating control of winch, and the rotating speed of rotating disk controls, the speed regulating control of steam piano, gather winch clutch position, winch gear, disk clutch position, rotating disk gear, pump control mechanism position, diesel engine power regulator position simultaneously, monitoring suspending weight, the pressure of the drill, rig bleed pressure, mud density, mud viscosity and these parameters of mud dehydration, make driller's operator's console realize the lift control to derrick/base, the control of the rotating speed to brill dish and the speed regulating control to steam piano by the control of PLC, wherein the control planning of control desk as shown in Figure 5.

Wherein top is driven on Mechanical course panel and is provided with scram button 60, suspension ring meta button 82, reset/mute button 70, suspension ring revolution selector switch 83, inner blowout preventer switch 87, hydraulic pump switch 61, locking pin switch, back-up tong selector switch 64, suspension ring inclination selector switch 66, brake selector switch 68, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switch 65, selection of Motor switch 67, operating selection switch 69, sense of rotation selector switch 71, the control panel of buffering fluid cylinder being provided with left and right fluid cylinder selects handle, fluid cylinder pressure selection handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retraction joystick, and concrete structure is arranged as shown in Figure 4, wherein the second programmable controller PLC 2 of the internal control plate of front-end operations platform CPU module by A/D module respectively with scram button, suspension ring meta button, reset/mute button connects, selector switch is turned round with suspension ring respectively by the On-off signal port of PLC, inner blowout preventer switch, hydraulic pump switch, locking pin switch, back-up tong selector switch, suspension ring inclination selector switch, brake selector switch, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switch, selection of Motor switch, operating selection switch, sense of rotation selector switch carries out connecting to realize driving top controlling.

With regard to the application, the core controller of drilling derrick/base simulator selects siemens PLC series Programmable logic Controller (PLC), by each physical quantity on S7-200 direct control operation platform, using parameter machine as host computer, by teacher's controller, unified management is carried out to each PL2000 analog machine of winch control desk and front end.Whole system forms the dcs of a resource sharing, task sharing.Communication between each control desk adopts the special PPI communications protocol of Siemens, and System Working Principle as shown in Figure 6.

Operation of teacher platform is mainly used in teacher and monitors student's operational circumstances, carries out auto judge to operating result, marking.Wherein main control computer is for completing the execution of said system master routine, and it comprises module for storing and arrange analog parameter, for the module of simulation process program, for controlling figure, calculating draw the module of kill-job curve, the module for performance rating and student management, the module gathering front-end equipment parameter, the module controlling Displaying Meter on front-end control platform and topworks.Graphic computer is used for process and the display of ring curtain figure, and interconnected by this ICP/IP protocol between the two, the control system overall construction drawing of whole system as shown in Figure 7.

Wherein relate to a kind of fusion projecting method of triple channel ring curtain projection display system, be applied to above-mentioned three projectors side by side to the triple channel ring curtain projection display system that annular curtain projects, comprising following steps:

Content to be projected for view picture is separated into multiple sub-project content by step 1., every sub-project content projector projects, the project content of each projector's passage of real-time control merges, each is merged project content in units of pixel, carries out overlap and alignment, wherein fusion project content is the imbricate project content between adjacent Liang Ge projector;

Step 2. carries out nonlinear geometry rectification to each projector, makes the project content of each projector form an entire image;

The image of step 3. to the dynamic play picture splicing place of described fusion project content carries out the light and shade transition of dynamic conditioning and light intensity;

Step 4. is decomposed fusion project content, the RGB color signal merged in project content in each pixel shader point is filtered, screen and be separated, the light intensity equivalent of pixel in fusion project content is reduced to the corresponding number percent of non-fused area pixel point light intensity equivalent and brightness 15% to 75% between;

The pixel color of step 5. dynamic conditioning project content, coordinates light intensity and color, makes the two keep consistency.

Wherein rig model drilling process analogue means comprises the communication module and drilling process analog module that communicate with front end hardware equipment and Graphics Processing Unit, to obtain hardware device state in real time with front end hardware devices communicating, then in inside by the mathematical model of relevant drilling process simulation with analogic drilling technological process.

Wherein said rig model drilling process analogue means comprises simulates to realize drilling process with lower module:

(1) initialized front-end equipment can be carried out before operation, for the communication module of the state parameter and operational order that read front-end equipment; The equipment status parameter wherein used in above-mentioned analogue means comprises original state parameter, specifically comprises motion tubing string internal diameter d ₀, motion tubing string outside diameter d _i, hole diameter D, drill string the unit mass q of acceleration a drill string _ithe length l of certain section of drill string _imud density ρ, fluid sticking coefficient K _c, the Fluid Volume Q that arranges of time step Δ t, gravity acceleration g, unit interval _t; Dynamic parameter comprises: the friction force F that brake lever produces _m, tubing string pulling speed V _p, the amount of liquid Q that returns out in tubing string _i, promote drill string length L _p, steam piano volume flow Q _p, annular space mean flow rate V ₁, certain section of drill string density p _a, the friction force F of drill string in well _k;

(2) there is the mathematical model of the drilling process simulation of setting up in advance in and for according to the equipment status parameter obtained and operational order, calculates the drilling process analog module of the work data realizing drilling process simulation animation; Wherein the mathematical model of drilling process simulation comprises drilling speed computation model, drill bit than water-horse power computation model;

(3) drilling process analog module according to setting the first data layout and Graphics Processing Unit communication to exchange initialization data and work data, the animation that Graphics Processing Unit completes drilling process accordingly represents; Wherein Graphics Processing Unit comprises full three-dimensional entity model storehouse, graphic plotting module and vision simulation control module, wherein graphic plotting module is made up of equipment class graphic plotting module, particle class graphic plotting module, administrative class graphic plotting module and technique animate module, and vision simulation control module is by scene initialization module, technique animation control module, hit-treatment module, special efficacy rendering module and parameter display module.

(4) Graphics Processing Unit is according to the second data layout set and the communication of drilling process analog module, to exchange animated state information;

(5) for repeating the module of aforesaid operations.

Wherein said drilling speed computation model is:

1), drilling rate model

V = \frac{131.27}{{5.5076}^{a} 60^{b} {0.01026}^{c}} \times W^{a} \times N^{b} \times H_{EI}^{c} \times e^{d (ρ_{m} - ρ_{p})}

In formula:

A--the pressure of the drill index (

a = 0.5366 + {0.1993}^{k_{d}}

)

B--rotating speed index (

b = 0.9250 - {0.0375}^{k_{d}}

)

C--reservoir pressure index (

c = 0.7011 - {0.0568}^{k_{d}}

)

D--drilling fluid density difference coefficient (

d = {0.9767}^{k_{d}} - 7.2703

)

K _d--stratum statistics drillability (k _d=0.00165H+0.635)

W--is than the pressure of the drill (KN/mm)

N--rotating speed (rpm)

H _eI--effectively drill bit is than water-horse power (kw/mm ²)

ρ _m--actual or design mud density (g/cm ³)

ρ _p--reservoir pressure equal yield density (g/cm ³)

V--rate of penetration (m/h)

Wherein drill bit than water-horse power model is:

2), effective drill bit is than water-horse power model

H_{EI} = 10.95 \frac{ρ_{m} Q^{3}}{d_{e}^{4} D_{b}^{2}}

In formula:

H _eI--effectively drill bit is than water-horse power (kw/mm ²)

ρ _m--actual or design mud density (g/cm ³)

Q--discharge capacity, liter/second

D _b--bit diameter, centimetre

D _e--nozzle equivalent diameter, centimetre

d_{e} = \sqrt{j_{1}^{2} + j_{2}^{2} + j_{3}^{2}}

(j ₁, j ₂, j ₃nozzle diameter, centimetre).

Wherein rig model simulating overflow device comprises the communication module and rig simulating overflow module that communicate with front end hardware equipment and Graphics Processing Unit, to obtain hardware device state in real time with front end hardware devices communicating, then in inside by the mathematical model of relevant rig simulating overflow to simulate rig flooding process.

Wherein said rig model simulating overflow device comprises simulates to realize drilling well flooding process with lower module:

(2) there is the mathematical model of the rig simulating overflow set up in advance in and for according to the equipment status parameter obtained and operational order, calculates the rig simulating overflow module of the work data realizing rig simulating overflow animation; Wherein the mathematical model of rig simulating overflow comprises rig flooding process analogy model and closing well flooding process analogy model;

(3) rig simulating overflow module according to setting the first data layout and Graphics Processing Unit communication to exchange initialization data and work data, the animation that Graphics Processing Unit completes rig overflow accordingly represents; Wherein Graphics Processing Unit comprises full three-dimensional entity model storehouse, graphic plotting module and vision simulation control module, wherein graphic plotting module is made up of equipment class graphic plotting module, particle class graphic plotting module, administrative class graphic plotting module and technique animate module, and vision simulation control module is by scene initialization module, technique animation control module, hit-treatment module, special efficacy rendering module and parameter display module.

(4) Graphics Processing Unit is according to the second data layout set and rig simulating overflow module communication, to exchange animated state information;

(5) for repeating the module of aforesaid operations.

Wherein rig flooding process analogy model comprises following submodel: gas flow calculates spillway discharge model and every section of mixture density model in model, every section of potpourri length computation model, annular space potpourri total length computation model, well, as follows respectively

(1) gas flow calculates model:

Q_{gS} = C (P_{P}^{2} - P_{b}^{2})

In formula:

Q _gs--corresponding to P _bstandard state under gas flow amount, rice ³/ second

P _p, P _b--stratum, shaft bottom effective pressure, kPa

C--seepage coefficient, rice ³/ kPa second (0.2)

Within the j moment Δ t time:

Q_{gs (j)} = C [P_{p (j)}^{2} - P_{b (j - 1)}^{2}]

(2) every section of potpourri length computation model:

ΔH _mi×(j)(j＝1，2，3，……n-1)

ΔH _mi×(j)＝{Q[P _(j)-P _(j-1)]+U _jQ _gs(j)ln[P _(j)/P _(j-1)]}/(gρQ)

In formula:

Q--mud displacement, rice ³/ second

U_{j} = \frac{Z_{j} T_{j} P_{s}}{Z_{s} T_{s}},

KPa

P _(j)--jth section potpourri base pressure, kPa

P _(j-1)--jth section potpourri top pressure, kPa

ρ--mud density, gram per centimeter ³

G--acceleration of gravity, meter per second ²

(3) annular space potpourri total length computation model:

H_{mi \times (n)} = Σ_{j = 1}^{n} Δ H_{mi \times (j)}

(4) spillway discharge in well

V_{K} = [Σ_{j = 1}^{n} Q_{gs (j)}] Δt

(5) every section of mixture density computation model:

In formula:

--slurry body integration amount in potpourri,

A _a--this overflow segment annular space cross-sectional area, millimeter ²

--natural-gas integration amount in potpourri,

ρ _g--natural gas density, gram per centimeter ³.

Closing well flooding process analogy model comprises following submodel: closing well stablizes the length computation model that rear shaft bottom potpourri length computation model and closing well stablize the pure gas column in rear shaft bottom, is respectively:

Shaft bottom potpourri length computation model after closing well is stable:

H_{mixO} = [nΔP + Σ_{j = 1}^{n} U_{j} \frac{Q_{gs (j)}}{Q} \ln \frac{P_{P} - (n - j) ΔP}{P_{P} - (n - j + 1) ΔP}] / gρ

In formula:

ΔP＝gρQΔt/A _a

In n--annular space divide the hop count of potpourri

(2) closing well stablizes the length of the pure gas column in rear shaft bottom

H _mix(n+1)＝H _mxO-H _mix(n)

Wherein rig model gas expansion analogue means comprises the communication module and rig gas expansion analog module that communicate with front end hardware equipment and Graphics Processing Unit, to obtain hardware device state in real time with front end hardware devices communicating, then in inside by the mathematical model of relevant rig gas expansion simulation to simulate rig gas expansion process.

Wherein said rig model gas expansion analogue means comprises simulates to realize drilling well gas expansion with lower module:

(2) there is the mathematical model of the rig gas expansion simulation of setting up in advance in and for according to the equipment status parameter obtained and operational order, calculates the rig gas expansion analog module of the work data realizing rig gas expansion simulation animation; Wherein rig gas expansion simulation the pressure model that mathematical model comprises gaseous state model, gas overflow weight produces in annular space and natural gas compressing model;

(3) rig gas expansion analog module according to setting the first data layout and Graphics Processing Unit communication to exchange initialization data and work data, the animation that Graphics Processing Unit completes rig overflow accordingly represents; Wherein Graphics Processing Unit comprises full three-dimensional entity model storehouse, graphic plotting module and vision simulation control module, wherein graphic plotting module is made up of equipment class graphic plotting module, particle class graphic plotting module, administrative class graphic plotting module and technique animate module, and vision simulation control module is by scene initialization module, technique animation control module, hit-treatment module, special efficacy rendering module and parameter display module.

(4) Graphics Processing Unit is according to the second data layout set and the communication of rig gas expansion analog module, to exchange animated state information;

(5) for repeating the module of aforesaid operations.

Wherein the pressure model that mathematical model comprises gaseous state model, gas overflow weight produces in annular space of rig gas expansion simulation and natural gas compressing model, respectively as follows

(1) gaseous state model

\frac{PV}{ZT} = \frac{P_{s} V_{s}}{Z_{s} T_{s}}

In formula:

P _s--the pressure under standard state, kPa

V _s--the volume under standard state, rice ³

Z _s--the compressibility coefficient under standard state

T _s--the temperature under standard state, ° K

P--pressure, kPa

V--gas volume, rice ³

T--temperature, ° K

Z--is T in temperature, and pressure is the compressibility coefficient under the condition of P

As long as be aware of the pressure in certain moment, temperature and compressibility coefficient, just can in the hope of gas volume now.

2), the pressure model that produces in annular space of gas overflow weight

According to gas in annular space in uphill process gas weight constant, trying to achieve gas column with the equation of gas state in the density in kill-job moment is:

ρ_{g} = \frac{Z_{s} T_{s} ρ_{s} P_{x}}{Z_{x} T_{x} P_{s}}

In formula: ρ _s, P _s, T _s, Z _s--represent the gas density under standard state respectively, pressure, temperature and compressibility coefficient, T _x--gas rises to a certain moment gas column mid point formation temperature, ° K

The pressure that then gas column weight causes is:

P_{w} = 9.8 ρ_{g} H_{x} = \frac{9.8 P_{x} Z_{s} T_{s} ρ_{x}}{Z_{x} T_{x} P_{s}}

By gas height gas volume V _x(rice ³) and cross-sectional area A _a(rice ³) represent, then:

P_{w} = 9.8 \frac{P_{x} Z_{s} T_{s} ρ_{s} V_{x}}{P_{s} Z_{x} T_{x} A_{a}}

A in formula _afor the cross-sectional area of gas place annular space section, change; But in order to convenience of calculation, can by A _avalue be taken as the average traversal area of whole annular space, then the pressure that gas weight causes is a constant.Because the value of this pressure is originally very little, the error caused after such simplify processes can be disregarded.

3), natural gas compressing model

Quote Kenneth, the formula that R.Hall proposes, after simplifying, obtains following computing formula to ask Z _xvalue:

Z = 1 + (0.3156 - \frac{1.0467}{T_{r}} - \frac{0.5783}{{T_{r}}^{3}}) W + (0.5353 - \frac{0.6123}{T_{r}}) W^{2} + W^{2} \frac{0.6815}{{T_{r}}^{3}}

In formula:

W = 0.27 \frac{P_{r}}{Z T_{r}}

Reduced pressure

P_{r} = \frac{P}{49.9 - 3.7 ρ_{g}}

Reduced temperature

T_{r} = \frac{T}{49.9 - 3.7 ρ_{g}}

Above formula is an implicit form, and its solution is: first suppose an initial compression factor Z ₀, calculate P _r, T _r, then obtain W, finally calculate Z again, if | Z-Z ₀|≤ε (ε is precision, generally gets 0.0001), then illustrate the Z of hypothesis ₀it is exactly required compressibility factor; If | Z-Z ₀| > ε, then illustrate and need again to suppose Z ₀, then calculate Z.Until | Z-Z ₀| till≤ε meets.

Wherein rig mold cycle calculation of pressure analogue means comprises the communication module and rig circulating pressure calculating simulation module that communicate with front end hardware equipment and Graphics Processing Unit, to obtain hardware device state in real time with front end hardware devices communicating, then in inside by the mathematical model of relevant rig circulating pressure calculating simulation to simulate the circulating pressure process of rig.

Wherein said rig mold cycle calculation of pressure analogue means to comprise with lower module to realize the simulation of rig circulating pressure process:

(2) there is the rig circulating pressure calculating simulation model set up in advance in and for according to the equipment status parameter obtained and operational order, calculates the rig circulating pressure calculating simulation module of the work data realizing rig circulating pressure process simulation animation; Wherein rig circulating pressure calculating simulation model comprises pressure consumption model in drill bit pressure consumption model, drilling rod, drilling rod outer ring space pressure consumption model, drill collar inside pressure consumption model and the outer annular pressure lost model of drill collar;

(3) rig circulating pressure calculating simulation module according to setting the first data layout and Graphics Processing Unit communication to exchange initialization data and work data, the animation that Graphics Processing Unit completes rig circulating pressure process accordingly represents; Wherein Graphics Processing Unit comprises full three-dimensional entity model storehouse, graphic plotting module and vision simulation control module, wherein graphic plotting module is made up of equipment class graphic plotting module, particle class graphic plotting module, administrative class graphic plotting module and technique animate module, and vision simulation control module is by scene initialization module, technique animation control module, hit-treatment module, special efficacy rendering module and parameter display module.

(4) Graphics Processing Unit is according to the second data layout set and rig circulating pressure calculating simulation module communication, to exchange animated state information;

(5) for repeating the module of aforesaid operations.

Wherein rig circulating pressure calculating simulation model comprises the as follows of pressure consumption model in drill bit pressure consumption model, drilling rod, drilling rod outer ring space pressure consumption model, drill collar inside pressure consumption model and the outer annular pressure lost model of drill collar:

1), drill bit pressure consumption model

P_{b} = \frac{ρ Q^{2}}{20 C^{2} A_{0}^{2}}

In formula:

P _b--bit pressuredrop, MPa;

ρ--mud density, gram per centimeter ³;

Q--by the mud displacement of bit nozzle, liter/second;

A ₀--jet area is amassed, centimetre ²

C--nozzle orifice coefficient (0.98)

2), pressure consumption model in drilling rod:

P_{l} = B \frac{ρ^{0.8} η^{0.2} L_{p} Q^{1.8}}{d^{4.8}}

In formula:

P _l--pressure consumption in drilling rod, Mpa;

ρ--mud density, gram per centimeter ³;

η--mud plastic viscosity, handkerchief second;

D--drilling rod internal diameter, centimetre;

B--constant, internal flush drill pipe B=0.51655

Q--mud flow rate, liter/second;

L _p--drilling rod overall length, rice.

3), drilling rod outer ring space pressure consumption model

P_{l} = 0.57503 \frac{ρ^{0.8} η^{0.2} L_{p} Q^{1.8}}{{(D - D_{0})}^{3} {(D + D_{0})}^{1.8}}

In formula:

P _l--drilling rod outer ring space pressure consumption, Mpa;

ρ--mud density, gram per centimeter ³;

η--mud plastic viscosity, handkerchief second;

D, D ₀--hole diameter and drilling rod external diameter, centimetre;

Q--mud flow rate, liter/second;

L _p--drilling rod overall length, rice.

4), drill collar inside pressure consumption model

P_{l} = 0.51655 \frac{ρ^{0.8} η^{0.2} L_{c} Q^{1.8}}{d_{c}^{4.8}}

In formula:

P _l--drill collar inside pressure consumption, Mpa;

ρ--mud density, gram per centimeter ³;

η--mud plastic viscosity, handkerchief second;

D _c--drill collar internal diameter, centimetre;

Q--mud flow rate, liter/second;

L _c--bore very total length, rice.

5), the outer annular pressure lost model of drill collar

P_{l} = 0.57503 \frac{ρ^{0.8} η^{0.2} L_{c} Q^{1.8}}{{(D - D_{c})}^{3} {(D + D_{c})}^{1.8}}

In formula:

P _l--drill collar outer ring space pressure consumption, Mpa;

ρ--mud density, gram per centimeter ³;

η--mud plastic viscosity, handkerchief second;

D, D _c--hole diameter and drill collar external diameter, centimetre;

Q--mud flow rate, liter/second;

L _c--bore very total length, rice.

Wherein rig model drilling tool lifting analogue means comprises the communication module and drilling tool lifting analog module that communicate with front end hardware equipment and Graphics Processing Unit, to obtain hardware device state in real time with front end hardware devices communicating, such as in the simulation of drilling tool lifting, need the acceleration of acquisition hook lifting force, drill string, mud density, tubing string pulling speed and these parameters of motion tubing string internal-and external diameter, then pass through the mathematical model of relevant drilling tool lifting simulation in inside to simulate drilling tool lifting process.

Wherein said rig model drilling tool lifting analogue means comprises simulates to realize drilling tool lifting with lower module:

(1) for the communication module of the state parameter and operational order that read front-end equipment; The equipment status parameter wherein used in above-mentioned analogue means comprises original state parameter, specifically comprises motion tubing string internal diameter d ₀, motion tubing string outside diameter d _i, hole diameter D, drill string the unit mass q of acceleration a drill string _ithe length l of certain section of drill string _imud density ρ, fluid sticking coefficient K _c, the Fluid Volume Q that arranges of time step Δ t, gravity acceleration g, unit interval _t; Dynamic parameter comprises: the friction force F that brake lever produces _m, tubing string pulling speed V _p, the amount of liquid Q that returns out in tubing string _i, promote drill string length L _p, steam piano volume flow Q _p, annular space mean flow rate V ₁, certain section of drill string density p _a, the friction force F of drill string in well _k;

(2) the drilling tool lifting analogy model set up in advance is had in and for according to the equipment status parameter obtained and operational order, the rig calculating the work data realizing drilling tool lifting simulation animation promotes analog module; Wherein drilling tool lifting analogy model comprise drill string force model when making a trip, pulling speed model when making a trip;

(3) rig promote analog module according to setting the first data layout and Graphics Processing Unit communication to exchange initialization data and work data, the animation that Graphics Processing Unit completes drilling tool lifting accordingly represents; Wherein Graphics Processing Unit comprises full three-dimensional entity model storehouse, graphic plotting module and vision simulation control module, wherein graphic plotting module is made up of equipment class graphic plotting module, particle class graphic plotting module, administrative class graphic plotting module and technique animate module, and vision simulation control module is by scene initialization module, technique animation control module, hit-treatment module, special efficacy rendering module and parameter display module.

(4) Graphics Processing Unit promotes according to the second data layout set and rig and simulates module communication, to exchange animated state information;

(5) for repeating the module of aforesaid operations.

Wherein drilling tool lifting analogy model comprise drill string force model when making a trip, pulling speed model when making a trip, wherein drill string force model during above-mentioned lower brill, pulling speed model is respectively when making a trip:

1) drill string force model when, making a trip

Pull out of hole:

a (Σ q_{i} l_{i} - \frac{E_{f}}{g}) = F - gΣ q_{i} l_{i} - F_{m} + F_{f} - F_{k}

Lower brill:

a (Σ q_{i} l_{i} - \frac{E_{f}}{g}) = gΣ q_{i} l_{i} - F_{m} - F_{f} - F_{k}

In formula:

F--hook lifting force newton

F _m--friction force (or damping force) newton that brake lever produces

F _f--buoyancy newton

F _f＝ρ(∑q _il _i)ρ _a

The acceleration meter per second of a--drill string ²

Q _i--the unit mass kg/m of drill string

L _i--the length meter of certain section of drill string

ρ--mud density gram per centimeter ³

ρ _a--certain section of drill string density gram per centimeter ³

F _k--the friction force newton of drill string in well

G--acceleration of gravity meter per second ²

2) pulling speed model when, making a trip

V _pt(i)＝V _pt(i-1)+aΔt

In formula:

Δ t--gets time step, second when calculating

V _{pt (i)}--t _(i)moment drill string speed, meter per second.

Wherein the analogue means that hoists/transfer of drilling derrick/base comprises the analog module that hoists/transfer of communication module and the drilling derrick/base communicated with front end hardware equipment and Graphics Processing Unit, to obtain hardware device state in real time with front end hardware devices communicating, then in inside by the mathematical model of the simulation that hoists/transfer of relevant drilling derrick/base to simulate/the decentralization process that hoists of drilling derrick/base.

The analogue means that hoists/transfer of wherein said drilling derrick/base to comprise with lower module to realize/decentralization process the simulation that hoists of drilling derrick/base:

(2) there is the mathematical model of the simulation that hoists/transfer of the drilling derrick/base set up in advance in and for according to the equipment status parameter obtained and operational order, calculates the analog module that hoists/transfer of the drilling derrick/base of the work data of the simulation animation that hoists/transfer realizing drilling derrick/base; Wherein the mathematical model of the simulation that hoists/transfer of drilling derrick/base comprises derrick lifting and transfers model;

(3) drilling derrick/base hoist/transfer analog module according to setting the first data layout and Graphics Processing Unit communication to exchange initialization data and work data, the animation hoisting/transfer that Graphics Processing Unit completes drilling derrick/base accordingly represents; Wherein Graphics Processing Unit comprises full three-dimensional entity model storehouse, graphic plotting module and vision simulation control module, wherein graphic plotting module is made up of equipment class graphic plotting module, particle class graphic plotting module, administrative class graphic plotting module and technique animate module, and vision simulation control module is by scene initialization module, technique animation control module, hit-treatment module, special efficacy rendering module and parameter display module.

(4) second data layout of Graphics Processing Unit according to setting and the analog module communication that hoists/transfer of drilling derrick/base, to exchange animated state information;

(5) for repeating the module of aforesaid operations.

The mathematical model of the simulation that hoists/transfer of drilling derrick/base comprises derrick lifting and transfers model, is specially: derrick lifting transfers model:

Derrick lifting force analysis: during derrick lifting, overall rotation around bottom coercive mechanism 0 is risen, and overall force analysis is as follows:

In formula:

A--is the arm of force of fast line pull to pivot point 0

B, c--are respectively man-like shelf pulley both sides big lifting rope pulling force to the arm of force of fulcrum 0

L ₁, L ₂--derrick center of gravity and overhead traveling crane center of gravity are to the distance of fulcrum 0

α--be derrick lifting angle (0 ~ 90 degree)

α ₁--be the angle of outline line below derrick center of gravity and fulcrum 0 line and derrick

α ₂--be the angle of outline line below overhead traveling crane center of gravity and fulcrum 0 line and derrick

G ₁--be derrick deadweight

G ₂--be overhead traveling crane deadweight

P--is fast line pull

F--is big lifting rope pulling force

1. arm of force b and the relational expression playing lift angle α is calculated: wherein jack up unit is reduced to a planar motion mechanism, man-like shelf pulley is reduced to a fixed point.

b = S_{2} \cdot \sin (\arccos \frac{S_{2} - S_{1} \cdot \cos (A - α)}{\sqrt{{S_{1}}^{2} + {S_{2}}^{2} - 2 S_{1} \cdot S_{2} \cdot \cos (A - α)}})

In formula:

S ₁, S ₂--be structure preset parameter

A--is derrick when keeping flat, the angle between big lifting rope

α--be derrick lifting angle (0 ~ 90 degree)

2. arm of force c and the relational expression playing lift angle α is calculated: derrick side leading block is reduced to a fixed point.

c = S_{3} \cdot \sin (\arccos \frac{S_{3} - S_{2} \cdot \cos (B - α)}{\sqrt{{S_{2}}^{2} + {S_{3}}^{2} - 2 S_{1} \cdot S_{3} \cdot \cos (B - α)}})

In formula:

S ₃--be structure preset parameter

B--is derrick when keeping flat, the angle between big lifting rope

α--be derrick lifting angle (0 ~ 90 degree)

3. arm of force a and the relational expression playing lift angle α is calculated: derrick side leading block is reduced to a fixed point.

a = S_{5} \cdot \sin (\arccos \frac{S_{5} - S_{4} \cdot \cos (C - α)}{\sqrt{{S_{4}}^{2} + {S_{5}}^{2} - 2 S_{4} \cdot S_{5} \cdot \cos (C - α)}})

In formula:

S ₄, S ₅--be structure preset parameter

C--is derrick when keeping flat, the angle between big lifting rope

α--be derrick lifting angle (0 ~ 90 degree)

4. calculate big lifting rope tensile force f, fast line pull P and the relational expression playing lift angle α: as primary Calculation, have ignored the gravity of space low-angle, the distortion of rope and tourist bus, hook.

In formula:

F--is big lifting rope tensile force f

P--is fast line pull

α--be derrick lifting angle (0 ~ 90 degree)

L--be derrick lifting to α angle time, the length of this section of big lifting rope

H--is the vertical height of derrick top to ground

S ₁, S ₂--be structure preset parameter

5. lift P and the relational expression playing lift angle α has been calculated:

In formula:

G ₁--be derrick deadweight

G ₂--be overhead traveling crane deadweight

P--is fast line pull

α--be derrick lifting angle (0 ~ 90 degree)

H--is the vertical height of derrick top to ground

S ₁, S ₂, S ₃, S ₄, S ₅--be structure preset parameter

The lowering operation that hoists of the derrick in the method main analog of the hoisting of derrick/base/lowering operation rig installation process is wherein crept into for simulating land rig, and the lowering operation that hoists of base, require that trainee correctly grasps respective operations step and safety requirements, that accomplishes steady safety completes respective operations, it specifically comprises following operation steps:

(1) derrick lifting operation steps: as shown in Figure 8, start operation, operation winch also slowly tightens big lifting rope, at lift headframe predetermined altitude, after being preferably 0.2 meter, check first, then derrick is transferred to occupying stably on support, again derrick is promoted to predetermined altitude, after being preferably 0.2 meter, carry out quadratic search, then derrick is transferred to occupying stably on support, after twice inspection is all qualified, formal derrick telescoping, first derrick telescoping is to being 60 degree of angles with ground, operation hydraulic cushion oil cylinder, stretch out predetermined length, be preferably 0.48 meter, after keeping certain hour, derrick telescoping is to being about 80 degree of angles with ground again, operation hydraulic cushion oil cylinder is recycled to original position, deadweight is relied on slowly by surely on man-like shelf to make derrick, stand directly until derrick, stamp U-shaped card, terminate operation,

(2) base hoists operation steps: as shown in Figure 9, start operation, hoist base man-like shelf, to dismantle after bearing pin is squeezed in base man-like shelf lower end bearing pin between the seat of honour and pedestal, when hoisting, pedestal predetermined altitude is left at base to the seat of honour, after being preferably 0.2 meter, carry out safety inspection, then the seat of honour is transferred, to the seat of honour is occupied stably on pedestal, after passed examination, formally hoist base, hoisting in base process, operation hydraulic cushion oil cylinder stretches out predetermined length, be preferably 0.6 meter, when the seat of honour and ground are about 80 degree of angles, operation hydraulic cushion oil cylinder is retracted, the seat of honour is made to rely on deadweight slowly to occupy stably on base man-like shelf, bearing pin is squeezed at the seat of honour and base man-like shelf upper end, terminate operation,

(3) base lowering operation step: as shown in Figure 10, start operation, the bearing pin of the dismantle seat of honour and base man-like shelf upper end, utilizes cushion cylinder, the seat of honour is pushed away upright position, make the seat of honour rely on self gravitation constantly to decline, control decline rate, make the seat of honour occupy stably on pedestal, bearing pin is penetrated between the seat of honour and pedestal, then to dismantle base man-like shelf lower end bearing pin, utilize winch slowly to transfer base man-like shelf to initial position, terminate operation;

(4) derrick lowering operation step: as shown in Figure 11, start operation, the U-shaped card of first dismantling between man-like shelf and derrick, utilizes cushion cylinder, derrick is pushed away upright position, derrick is made to rely on self gravitation constantly to decline, when derrick drops to predetermined altitude, when being preferably 0.5 meter, brake stop is after 5 minutes, slowly transfer again and occupy stably on support to derrick, terminate operation.

Wherein to pull out of hole and the method for drill down operator for simulating land rig, the main analog technological process of trip-out and lower brill, require that trainee correctly grasps the technological process made a trip, accomplish steadily to make a trip, it specifically comprises following operation steps:

(1) normal drill down operator step: as shown in Figure 12, start operation, first start to control elevator, suspension ring are leaned forward, and pendulum column, carries drilling tool on after lower lift ring meta button, pendulum is to well head, and then upper button, above carries and remove elevator again, realize transferring of drilling tool, load onto wellhead slip, pressure winch clutch, to unsnap elevator, judge whether to continue lower brill, if, then return and start to control elevator, if not, then terminate this subjob;

(2) slacking off operation steps: as shown in Figure 13, starts operation, in normal going down process, if be hampered, then connected top and drives, terminate this subjob, otherwise be not hampered, return normal drill down operator after punching resistance reaming;

(3) normally pull out of hole operation steps: as shown in Figure 14, start operation, first open volume pump, carry drilling tool on after closing elevator, remove wellhead slip, promote drilling tool again, after slips is moved to well head, after shackle, unload lower pillar stand, judge whether to pull out of hole, if continue to pull out of hole, return beginning operation, otherwise terminate this subjob;

(4) chance that pulls out of hole card operation steps: as shown in Figure 15, start operation, in normal trip-out process, if meet card, then connect top and drive, circulation unfreezing, back reaming, terminates this subjob, if do not meet card, returns normal trip-out.

Wherein for simulating the method for land rig drilling operation, main analog typical well operating mode, requires that trainee correctly grasps drilling process flow process, accomplishes evenly to creep into.Grasp the drilling technology of bad ground, it specifically comprises following operation steps simultaneously:

(1) normally creep into and connect column operation steps: as shown in Figure 16, start operation, circulating mud, normally creep into after the running-in of light pressure, unload after top is driven and connect column, elevator of unsnaping terminates operation;

(2) suppress the drilling operation step of jumping off: as shown in Figure 17, start operation, normally creep into, if do not occur suppressing jumping, normally creep into, carrying drill string if there is suppressing in jumping then, changing rotating speed, the pressure of the drill, transfer and creep into, if suppress jumping not weaken, be then back to and carry drill string, be circulated to and suppress jumping and weaken, then jumping section reaming to suppressing, terminating operation;

(3) the drilling operation step of high pressure formation: as shown in Figure 18, start operation, circulating mud, normally creeps into, if there is not overflow, normally creeps into, and after then strengthening mud density, continues rig, finally terminates operation if there is overflow;

(4) the drilling operation step of low-pressure stratum: as shown in Figure 19, starts operation, circulating mud, normally creep into, if there is not mud loss, then continue normally to creep into, after then strengthening mud viscosity if there is mud loss, continue to creep into, finally terminate operation.

Wherein for simulating the method for land rig accident emergency operation, common fault and complex situations such as main control software generation accident in main analog drilling process, require that the change of the phenomenon such as various instrument that trainee is reflected by simulator judges accident pattern, and correct accident settlement, it specifically comprises following operation steps:

(1) bit freezing operation steps is adhered to: as shown in Figure 20, start operation, play drill string, judge whether winch brake has fault, if there is no fault, continue drill string, if there is fault, raise and decentralize drilling tool with attempting, connect top drive after again on carry, transfer drilling tool twice, then opening top turns dynamic, on put that to put a rear unfreezing complete, then top is driven stop operating, terminate operation;

(2) heavy yarn bit freezing operation steps: as shown in Figure 21, start operation, normally pull out of hole, judge whether heavy yarn bit freezing, if, do not return normal trip-out, if heavy yarn bit freezing, movable drilling tool, connects top and drives, the circulating mud of small displacement, judge that whether pump pressure is normal, if abnormal, return circulating mud, if pump pressure is normal, huge discharge circulating mud, finally terminates operation;

(3) balling-up sticking operation steps: as shown in Figure 22, start operation, light pressure running-in, normally creep into, judge whether balling-up sticking, if not, return normal trip-out, if balling-up sticking, strengthen the discharge capacity of circulating mud, high speed reaming, continues to creep into after the performance of adjustment mud, finally terminates operation;

(4) die nipple fishing operation step: as shown in Figure 23, starts operation, and rinse fish head, test fish, judges whether that spy is arrived, if do not have spy to arrive, then returns continuation test, if speak of, then draws button, thread making, and drill string is carried in examination, proposes fish, finally terminates operation;

(5) junk milling operation step: as shown in Figure 24, starts operation, at the bottom of flushing manhole, after milling 2 times, continues milling until after junk mill breakage, terminates operation.

Land rig is installed operation simulation system and is also comprised rig virtual assembly system, described virtual assembly system carries out installation simulation by the mode that data transmission is interactive, and described virtual assembly system comprises select progressively module, module and assembling process display module are selected in position; Wherein select progressively module comprises: for storing the data array of the pictorial information of each parts of rig, wherein give an Item Number and correct installation item for each parts in data array, one in order to show the corresponding object item of object correlation and to issue the step of display module several by performing step in real time; Determine the button inputted for user, button and position select module to communicate; When installing, produce present score in system and the Item Number of assembling should be carried out, judge whether user carries out determining that whether input is correct to judge the assemble sequence that user selects by button, be specially: suppose when present score is 1, user select parts Item Number position 1 and when having pressed confirming button, need to point out it, the outer aobvious Word message lightening a select progressively mistake, otherwise, just Item Number is passed to when selecting correct and selects module to position.

Select in position in module, it accepts the data inputted from select progressively module, generate 3 according to the data object numbering of its input select position and be created as an array, first of array is classified as object numbering, second group being classified as 3 transparent substances, 3rd is classified as this object itself, 4th is classified as the object in particular cases shown, 5th is classified as the object in particular cases disappeared, 6th is classified as the correct option in GROUP, 7th is classified as number of steps, also comprise find out this numbering with RowSearch after receiving data corresponding row then this row of GetRow extract the 2nd column data (group) and carry out show/HIDE operation.After have selected Reference, from array, extract correct option title (data in the 6th row), judge whether equal therebetween.If equal: extract the 2nd column data and carry out hiding operation from array, then show goes out the 3rd row.(namely object itself), according to circumstances processes the 4th row and the 5th column data, and the numbering sent in the 7th row is to 3 ring curtain program; If unequal, eject dialog box, prompting user selects mistake (can carry out postponing for 2 seconds to disappear with delayer).

In assembling display module, need making array equally, array first is classified as object numbering.Second is classified as the corresponding assembly animate of object.3rd picture being classified as the last frame number of animation.The corresponding row finding out this numbering with RowSearch after receiving data then this row of GetRow extracts the 2nd column data animation.The first step utilizes videoplayer playing animation after taking out corresponding animation, after animation finishes, utilize CustomPacketsender to send data to select progressively module, here do not need to send numbering, only send mark and a mark, after select progressively module receives, upgrade mark and activate confirming button.Preferably, in assembling display module, also include lifting derrick base module, this module comprises the animation that hoists, hydraulic cushion oil cylinder module and job state function display module; Wherein job state function display module utilizes UDP to receive the Job Overview information that need show, and carries out line feed process and judges, finally in screen, show corresponding Word message with the exhibition method of 2D picture by mark decollator; The animation that hoists uses controlled animation, derives hoisting of derrick support transfer animation by 3DSMAX.In VIRTOOLS, carry out frame number Play Control to animation, the data transmitted by main control part process, and carry out corresponding change operation after being converted into corresponding animation frame number to model; Hydraulic cushion oil cylinder module sets up 2 wickets to be used as the displaying of current state on ring curtain, represent left fluid cylinder and right fluid cylinder respectively, display derrick part or the hydraulic cushion oil cylinder of base portion in wicket by judging that the information of job number judges, this module utilizes a summit 3DFRAME to come and hydraulic cylinder carries out Distance Judgment, to be convenient for measuring the distance that hydraulic cylinder has stretched out, judge currently whether also displacement operation can be carried out.By derrick or base are arranged to moving obstacle, hydraulic cushion oil cylinder being arranged to fixed obstacle, utilizing the relative program of collision detection to carry out collision judgment, then playing corresponding accident animation as reached accident related request.

The application also relates to demo system and the method for land rig operational manual, and the demo system of wherein said land rig operational manual comprises the overall demonstration module in well site and inner structure demonstration module; Wherein the overall demonstration module in well site numbers all parts introduced on well site with erection sequence, and form demonstration module by base, derrick forms demonstration module and irrigated area demonstration module three part is formed, organized by the mode of multiple index, wherein by above-mentioned demonstration module, each parts can be demonstrated by two views: global view and partial view, the position of global view display member in whole well site, partial view is the large figure of these parts, shows concrete image and the parameter of these parts.And inner structure demonstration module then shows the inner structure of the parts of the important greatly relative complex of rotating disk, winch and steam piano three, show by explosive view mode, the form of the important inner body of all parts, position, function are explained, thus allows user understand its groundwork mechanism.

The application also relates to the generation method of land rig three-dimensional animation, wherein said land rig three-dimensional animation comprises base, the installation in derrick and irrigated area, hoisting of derrick and base, wherein comprise the detailed installation process of each step of 198 parts, and the process that hoists of derrick and base, points for attention and accident animation.Clearly can understand whole land rig fast by viewing animation and the overall process hoisted is installed.

The generation method of above-mentioned three-dimensional animation comprises the steps:

1. material collection; Early stage, each step of rig actual installation carried out whole process shooting by video camera, carries out three directions and takes pictures, collect the shape data of all devices to the parts of field apparatus in the on-the-spot collection carrying out screen and photographic material in rig builder ground.

2. modeling; Modeling work is carried out by the material collected.Early stage, 3D modeling tool was 3Dsmax, and the size of model makes according to the size equal proportion of actual rig object completely.In order to ensure quality of animation, model imports MAYA from 3Dsmax and carries out refinement.Model comprises rig floor, well site and environment, and floor sections comprises: derrick, winch, top drive, hook, cat head, standpipe manifold, hydraulic tongs, turnbuckle clamp, tubing tongs, throttling control box, vertical rod box, derrick room, safety slips, drilling rod, oil pipe, square kelly, short circuit, drill collar, cock, elevator, retaining valve, slips, department control room; Well site part comprises: genset system, steam piano, suction pit, throttle manifold, separation vessel, remote console; Environment division comprises: the simulation of well site physical environment and person model.Wherein floor sections and well site part carry out modeling by the mode of Geometric Modeling, modeling is carried out specifically by Hierarchical Model method, it utilizes attribute structure to represent each several part composition of object, and the kinetic-potential that higher level builds must change the locus that lower level builds.Such as: the Power Tong on drilling platform, it is made up of the main body of Power Tong, rotating disk, air pressure valve parts.On performing during button operation, the main body of Power Tong travels forward, and rotating disk travels forward with it simultaneously and rotates.Physical environment simulation and person model then carry out modeling by the mode of personage's modeling, and first personage's modeling needs to set up person model, comprises the skin pinup picture of personage, the foundation of character physical's model.After character physical's model is set up, use PhotoShop to make skin pinup picture for personage, after personage's modeling completes, for personage sets up bone, and assign weight, to determine that skin is subject to the influence degree of skeleton motion to every block bone.According to the needs of graphic package, be that character on platform makes skeleton cartoon, such as: above unload cat head, on unload slips action, and save as and can read and the form controlled separately.

3. model action; After 3D modelling completes, according to actual rig, working specification is installed, confirm installation steps and flow process, start the action adjustment work carrying out 3D model, from first step draw base line figure, the installation of each object afterwards comprises the action adjustment of crane, the action adjustment of the animation that object is in place and upper pin.

4. model pinup picture and material; The pinup picture of model and material make according to the gloss of true rig and color completely, ensure that in animation, each object is identical with actual conditions, then gives the model built up by these materials.

5. background is arranged; In animation, rig infield is selected to carry out in desert, so selected short rock and desert as a setting.

6. light is arranged; In order to the illumination under Reality simulation environment, allow whole rig the effect of shadow of scene is installed more truly, in whole scene, made the light permutation of exhibition up to a hundred, be used for simulating the illumination of sky and the irradiation of the sun.

7. camera lens is arranged; The position of alignment lens had both represented the part on screen for animation, in order to ensure the installation process seeing each parts clearly, camera lens is set to aim at the parts installed, and during the tiny object of upper pin, camera lens furthers and gives feature.

8. integrate; Complete material collection, modeling, model action, model pinup picture and material, background is arranged, and light is arranged, and whole scene is integrated together after arranging by camera lens, both comprised from draw base line, the installation of each parts, to the complete overall process that hoists of last base.

9. play up; The scene integrated started to play up picture according to the camera lens set, the animation in a second is preferably set to 25 pictures, and photo resolution is preferably set to 2560X768.

10. dub, background music and audio; Dub explanation when comprising each step installation steps and derrick lifting, background music is selected brisk rhythm and changes into when hoisting impassioned in installation process.And put in place in parts lifting, sledgehammer strikes pin position and is equipped with corresponding audio.

The synthesis of 11. later stages; Later stage composite software preferably selects nuke, complete screen animation is synthesized after being imported by the picture played up, below video, the Chinese and English subtitles of explanation is added by nuke, and will dub, background music and audio are synthesized in video simultaneously, to complete the generation work of the three-dimensional animation of whole land rig.

The application also relates to a kind of control method of land rig technique animation.Wherein in the process completing regulation process operation, each action that driller's control cabinet is made will convert digital signal transfers to main control computer, then send protocol data to graphic package by main control computer, after graphic package obtains parameter, make concrete reflection.Graphic machine embodies the kinematic parameter of various control system on rig floor, concrete action, views selection preferably comprise upward angle of visibility, visual angle, down-hole, preventer visual angle, Multi-view display; Above-mentioned control method comprises the steps: 1. model animated steps: by the movement that reads out from data protocol or spin data, give the script of corresponding object, object carries out mobile rotate instruction according to the speed obtained or order.When not obtaining current translational speed or order, animation stops, and waits for the message that main control computer sends; 2. character animation step: the behavior of visual human is divided into determinacy behavior and uncertainty behavior.For complex behavior, need to be determined to take different action sequences by cognitive layer according to states different on field.Main control computer sends instruction, and transmitted by data protocol UDP, VIRTOOLS understands, and plays set a series of corresponding character animation, no longer receive any action command, can not interrupt animation before animation finishes after separating read command.3. the step of hit-treatment: when using 3DMAX modeling, also need to set up the stealthy barrier being specifically designed to collision except model itself, because model itself is all some irregular polygons, can because some BUG of irregular generation of model if directly take model itself to be used as collision thing, so we set up some special collision body BOX with MAX, these BOX can be centered around around the object that can not pass through, carry out a marshalling after these BOX are chosen and set up a GROUP, to complete hit-treatment.

The application also relates to a kind of special efficacy rendering intent of land rig technique animation.Wherein this special efficacy rendering intent comprises the following steps: (1) adds the step of particle effect: particle effect can be used to model fluid and gushs, flame effect.A particle is divided into according to different needs, face particle, these different effects of line particle, as imitated the some particle effect that liquid is gushed, just add a 3DFrame at needs in the place that liquid is gushed, the Z coordinate axis of 3DFrame is to the direction in requisition for injection, for it adds some particle script (PointParticleSystem), the single particle pinup picture of certain particle is drawn out in PhotoShop, this pinup picture is formulated in BB, by some key parameters in amendment BB, realize the effect of Liquid inject.

(2) step of pinup picture flowing is added; Pinup picture flowing can imitate the cloud and mist flowing of sky, water flow simulation effect, by creating script (TextureScroller) to the MESH layer of this object, formulates the pinup picture that flows accordingly, arrange speed and flow direction, a water flow effects just completes.

(3) step of two-dimensional sequence picture playing; Sequence of pictures is play can imitate multiple continuity effect, as flame, current, the various special efficacy of blood, playing up one group of continuous print flame effect picture by video software imports in VIRTOOS, by using MOVIEPLAYER behavior module to carry out Continuous Play to sequence of pictures, the continuous motion of multiple micro-object can be shown.

(4) add the step of pinup picture special efficacy: can complete mixing pinup picture by arranging of pinup picture, some special substances are simulated, and the effect of Bump Mapping, edits the material of object, carries out some required effect selection in Effect; By above-mentioned steps, realize playing up the special efficacy of rig technique animation.

Claims

1. land rig installs an operation simulation system, it is characterized in that comprising rig model, front-end operations platform, operation of teacher platform and triple channel ring curtain projection display system; Wherein front-end operations platform comprises Parameters Computer, wherein this Parameters Computer completes data acquisition and the control of whole system as distributed host computer, the execution of main control computer and graphic computer completion system master routine and the process of ring curtain figure and display, each computing machine is interconnected by ICP/IP protocol; Front end data acquisition between front-end operations platform and rig model and control are completed by SIEMENSS7-200PLC, and connect and compose Siemens PPI network; PLC and Parameters Computer data communication adopt RS232 agreement;

Wherein front-end operations platform comprises cabinet and internal control plate, the front of described cabinet is provided with driller's station front control panel, a side of cabinet is provided with driller's station side control panel, and another side of cabinet is provided with the control panel that Mechanical course panel and buffering fluid cylinder are driven in top; On the control panel of driller's station front, be wherein provided with power knob, power on button, air horn switch, anti-collision release-push, suspending weight trimmer valve, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve, tongs torque damping device, standpipe pressure damper, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, used gauge tap, shift control switch, cat head gauge tap, pneumatic spinner gauge tap, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder selector switch, base hydraulic switch, park brake switch and the emergency stop switch stopped of input shaft; Also comprise indicator gauge group, wherein said indicator gauge group comprises bleed pressure table, cooling water pressure table, winch oil pressure gauge, rotating disk oil pressure gauge, rotary torque indicator, Pump pressure meter, tong torque meter, left pincers torque meter, right pincers torque meter, safety tongs tensimeter, cat head tensimeter, drilling torque table, tachometer gage, rotating disk reometer, backset tensimeter and pulleying tensimeter; Driller's station side control panel is arranged assignment switch, generator scram button, rectification scram button, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch, electromagnetic eddy current brake switch, rotating disk rotating selector switch, winch rotating selector switch, No. 1 steam piano switch, No. 2 steam piano switches, No. 3 steam piano switches, low pressure alarm switches;

The internal control plate of front-end operations platform comprises front-end operations platform first programmable controller PLC (1) and the second programmable controller PLC (2), above-mentioned programmable controller PLC and Parameters Computer data communication adopt RS232 agreement to communicate, wherein the first programmable controller PLC (1) CPU module by A/D module respectively with power knob, power on button, air horn switch, anti-collision release-push, suspending weight trimmer valve, the pressure of the drill trimmer valve, tongs torque damping device, standpipe pressure damper, drag for cylinder clutch of stopping, the used gauge tap of stopping of input shaft, shift control switch, cat head gauge tap, pneumatic spinner gauge tap, cylinder height low speed switch, oil cylinder selector switch, base hydraulic switch, park brake switch and emergency stop switch connect, by the On-off signal port of PLC respectively with assignment switch, generator scram button, rectification scram button, test scram button, PLC/ by-pass switch, electromagnetic eddy current brake switch, rotating disk rotating selector switch, winch rotating selector switch, No. 1 steam piano switch, No. 2 steam piano switches, No. 3 steam piano switches, low pressure alarm switch connects, each switching knob state on driller operator's console is gathered simulate the elevating control of winch, the rotating speed control of rotating disk, the speed regulating control of steam piano by PLC, gather winch clutch position, winch gear, disk clutch position, rotating disk gear, pump control mechanism position, diesel engine power regulator position simultaneously, monitoring suspending weight, the pressure of the drill, rig bleed pressure, mud density, mud viscosity and these parameters of mud dehydration, make driller's operator's console realize the lift control to derrick/base, the control of the rotating speed to brill dish and the speed regulating control to steam piano by the control of PLC,

Wherein top is driven on Mechanical course panel and is provided with scram button, suspension ring meta button, reset/mute button, suspension ring revolution selector switch, inner blowout preventer switch, hydraulic pump switch, locking pin switch, back-up tong selector switch, suspension ring inclination selector switch, brake selector switch, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switch, selection of Motor switch, operating selection switch, sense of rotation selector switch, the control panel of buffering fluid cylinder being provided with left and right fluid cylinder selects handle, fluid cylinder pressure selection handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retraction joystick, wherein second programmable controller PLC (2) of the internal control plate of front-end operations platform CPU module by A/D module respectively with scram button, suspension ring meta button, reset/mute button connects, selector switch is turned round with suspension ring respectively by the On-off signal port of PLC, inner blowout preventer switch, hydraulic pump switch, locking pin switch, back-up tong selector switch, suspension ring inclination selector switch, brake selector switch, auxiliary operation switch, ventilator selection switch, selection of Motor switch, operating selection switch, sense of rotation selector switch carries out connecting to realize driving top controlling,

The control panel wherein cushioning fluid cylinder being provided with left and right fluid cylinder selects handle, fluid cylinder pressure selection handle and fluid cylinder to stretch out/retraction joystick; Wherein second programmable controller PLC (2) of the internal control plate of front-end operations platform CPU module by A/D module select with left and right fluid cylinder respectively handle, fluid cylinder pressure selection handle and fluid cylinder stretch out/retraction joystick is connected to control cushioning fluid cylinder;

Also there is Parameters Computer in front-end operations platform, wherein this Parameters Computer has had after PLC acquisition front end hardware information, information is sent to the communication module of main control computer, the information that wherein main control computer also sends over by communication module is transferred to front end hardware by PLC and is shown;

Rig model comprises drilling derrick and base simulator, and wherein derrick is open front type, is made up of main body, man-like shelf and annex, and annex mainly comprises thribble board, dead line stabilizator, cage ladder; Derrick main body forms an open front shaped steel frame structure by upper left section, upper right section, left epimere, right epimere, lower-left section and bottom right section and back of the body crossbeam, brace, link, and the adjustment of main body is fixedly completed by two bayonet locks; Man-like shelf is by left and right foreleg, the portal structures of left and right back leg and crossbeam composition, has been used for putting and prop up by derrick; Jack up unit is made up of big lifting rope, high trestle, low trestle and hook block support; Derrick adopts man-like shelf to hoist mode, rely on the power of drilling floor surface winch, big lifting rope is pulled by fast line, hook, realize derrick lifting, in order to derrick can be made stably by being placed on man-like shelf during derrick lifting, when transferring derrick, derrick center of gravity can be made again to move forward simultaneously, thus rely on derrick dead weight to fall, man-like shelf is provided with snubber assembly, is realized by the flexible of snubber assembly;

Base is primarily of base body, jack up unit, hydraulic damping device composition, and base adopts the motion principle of parallel-crank mechanism, thus the low level achieving high countertop fixture is installed, adopt winch power, utilize hook block to make base from low level integral lifting to working position, base body is divided into upper, middle and lower-ranking: upper strata is drilling floor surface part, be used for the equipment of installing drill table top, connected to form by pin, lower floor is pedestal base part, connects into left and right two parts respectively by left front pedestal and left back pedestal, right front pedestal and right back pedestal with pin, connecting elements between left and right two parts has tie-beam, link and diagonal brace, middle layer is support section, between upper and lower layer, plays to support drilling floor surface and play and puts base effect, middle layer is made up of man-like shelf foreleg, man-like shelf back leg, front column, rear column, tiltedly column respectively, is connected with upper and lower layer with pin, man-like shelf is made up of foreleg and back leg two parts, and one end of big lifting rope is fixed on man-like shelf back leg, plays the effect of support in the process that man-like shelf hoists at whole base, the collar is equipped with at big lifting rope two ends, separately has the 1 group of pulley participating in hoisting to be fixed on man-like shelf back leg, described land rig is installed operation simulation system and is also comprised protective device group, wherein protective device group comprises the drilling derrick crownblock protector realizing drilling derrick crown block anti-collision function, realize the excessive jack up unit of anti-drilling derrick of the excessive lifting functions of anti-drilling derrick, realize the excessive downward putting device of anti-drilling derrick of the excessive lowering function of anti-drilling derrick, realize the excessive jack up unit of anti-rig substructure of the excessive lifting functions of anti-rig substructure, realize the excessive downward putting device of anti-rig substructure of the excessive lowering function of anti-rig substructure, realize the excessive downward putting device of anti-drilling machine hook of the excessive lowering function of anti-drilling machine hook,

Triple channel ring curtain projection display system comprises: projector, engineering annular projection curtain and image co-registration machine; Wherein said projector is three Tai Zhengtou projectors, and described three Tai Zhengtou projectors and engineering annular projection curtain combination image merge machine and form edge and merge optical projection system; Geometry rectification module, edge Fusion Module, color correction module is included in image co-registration machine; Wherein the image information that graphic computer produces is distributed to three projector by image co-registration machine, and carries out edge fusion.

2. land rig as claimed in claim 1 installs operation simulation system, it is characterized in that the core controller of rig model is siemens PLC series Programmable logic Controller (PLC), by each physical quantity on S7-200 direct control operation platform, using parameter machine as host computer, carry out unified management with the dcs making whole system be formed a resource sharing, task sharing by the PL2000 analog machine of teacher's controller to winch control desk and front end.

3. land rig as claimed in claim 2 installs operation simulation system, it is characterized in that for realizing hoisting and transferring and be controlled by driller's station of derrick/base, and system adopts stepper motor to realize winch function; In PLC system, devise the step-by-step impulse that high speed is controlled, in S7-200, devise two PTO/PWM generators, a high-speed pulse string or a pulse-width modulation waveform can be produced; Train of impulses PTO operation exports a string square wave according to given PTO pulse number and cycle; PTO can produce single hop train of impulses or multistage train of impulses, or specific pulse number and cycle, PTO function allows train of impulses to queue up, when current burst has exported, can start to export a new train of impulses immediately, to ensure the continuity between multiple output pulse string.