CN107620589B - Petroleum drilling equipment - Google Patents
Petroleum drilling equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107620589B CN107620589B CN201710783716.7A CN201710783716A CN107620589B CN 107620589 B CN107620589 B CN 107620589B CN 201710783716 A CN201710783716 A CN 201710783716A CN 107620589 B CN107620589 B CN 107620589B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- top drive
- derrick
- winch
- height
- racking platform
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
Abstract
The invention relates to petroleum drilling equipment. The forward-inclined position and the backward-inclined position of the top drive lifting ring are respectively provided with a lifting ring position detection switch, and the middle suspension position is provided with a lifting ring suspension detection switch to judge the position state of the top drive lifting ring; an encoder is arranged on the winch, and when the roller on the winch rotates for a circle, the encoder can output a plurality of pulse records; the central controller indicates the height of the top drive in the derrick according to the pulse number recorded by the encoder; the anti-collision of the position of the racking platform is realized by processing and comparing the position of the top drive hanging ring and the height of the top drive in the central controller. The beneficial effects are that: two independent equipment systems of top drive and winch organically combine together, have compensatied not enough in the design separately, can greatly improve equipment operation's security, effectively prevent to drive rings collision derrick racking and other serious related accidents that bring from this because of human error causes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to petroleum drilling equipment.
Background
The top drive is the leading edge technology and equipment of present oil drilling, can accomplish the drilling string rotary drilling, multiple drilling operation such as circulation drilling fluid, connect single, go up shackle and back reaming, and various drilling machines are more and more equipped with the top drive now, and various top drive major structure are unanimous with theory of operation, and the function of top drive is very powerful, but has a very big potential safety hazard in drilling construction: when the top drive is started and drilled, the forward tilting, backward tilting and suspending (middle position) processes of the hoisting ring are required to be repeated ceaselessly, and the upward and downward movement processes from the upper part and the lower part of the racking platform to the wellhead are also required to be repeated, so that the necessary construction procedure is realized; the normal operation is that whether the hoisting ring inclines forwards or backwards, the suspension or middle button must be pressed again, and the top drive can move upwards and downwards when the hoisting ring is kept in a vertical state, so that the hanging and the collision of the hoisting ring on a double-layer platform caused by the upward and downward movement of the top drive in an inclined state are avoided. The top drive is completely independent of two control systems between various operations of the top drive and the up-and-down movement of the top drive, no interlocking protection exists, but the two control systems are closely connected with each other in the aspect of the state of the lifting ring in normal drilling construction, the front space and the rear space of the racking platform are small, the distance between the top drive body and the racking platform is only dozens of centimeters, the lifting ring can touch the racking platform if the inclination angle is slightly larger, the angle during normal column connection or drilling starting is inevitably larger than the maximum allowable angle, the condition is frequently met in normal construction process, the collision accidents of the two control systems occur for multiple times in each drilling team using the top drive, and the total occurrence frequency is higher. Once the problem occurs, very serious consequences can be caused, the top drive and the second-layer platform are directly damaged, and operators on the second-layer platform are injured; the position of the racking platform is about 26 meters high, the problem is difficult to handle, high-altitude falling objects can threaten workers at a well head, and various aspects of drilling construction can be indirectly influenced. The serious potential safety hazard has high occurrence probability, and the manual protection reliability of operators is too poor, so that the pressure of the operators is high, and the spirits are nervous.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide petroleum drilling equipment aiming at the defects in the prior art, which improves the safety of the equipment, reduces or eliminates the problem and lightens the labor intensity of workers.
The invention provides oil drilling equipment, which comprises a top drive (1), a guide rail (2), a racking platform (3), a drill floor (4), a top drive hoisting ring (5), a derrick (6), a crown block (7), a winch (8) and a roller instrument shaft (9), wherein the drill floor (4) is fixedly provided with the derrick (6), the top of the derrick (6) is provided with the crown block (7), the guide rail (2) is arranged in the derrick (6), the racking platform (3) is arranged above the drill floor (4), the racking platform (3) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the derrick (6), one end of a steel wire rope is connected with the top drive (1), the other end of the steel wire rope bypasses the crown block (7) and is connected with the winch (8), the lower part of the top drive (1) is provided with the top drive hoisting ring (5), and the top drive hoisting ring (5) can realize forward tilting, backward tilting and suspension actions, and is characterized: the forward-inclined position and the backward-inclined position of the top drive hanging ring (5) are respectively provided with a hanging ring position detection switch, and a hanging ring suspension detection switch is arranged at the middle suspension position to judge the position state of the top drive hanging ring; an encoder is arranged on the winch (8), and when the roller on the winch rotates for one circle, the encoder can output a plurality of pulse records; the central controller indicates the height of the top drive (1) in the derrick according to the number of recorded pulses of the encoder; the anti-collision of the position of the racking platform (3) is realized by processing and comparing the position of the top drive hoisting ring and the height of the top drive (1) in the central controller.
The position signal of the top drive hoisting ring and the height signal of the top drive (1) are processed and compared in the central controller, if the top drive hoisting ring is detected to be in an inclined state, once the top drive height is within the height range of the set derrick racking platform, the central controller gives a brake control signal to the winch to automatically brake the winch and simultaneously sends out an audible and visual alarm signal to prevent the hoisting ring from colliding with the derrick racking platform due to human errors; the top drive hoisting ring can be in any state at other heights of the derrick, so that the normal operation of equipment and the normal construction of drilling are not influenced; in addition, when the speed is higher when the top drive is close to the racking platform during the drill pulling process, the top drive is set to advance for a certain distance to perform early warning so as to remind the driller to decelerate.
The central controller adopts a Siemens P L C-200 high-speed processor, a forward-inclined lifting ring position detection switch (5.1) is installed at the forward-inclined position of the top drive lifting ring (5), a backward-inclined lifting ring position detection switch (5.2) is installed at the backward-inclined position, a lifting ring suspension detection switch (5.3) is arranged at the middle suspension position, the input end of the central controller is connected with a keyboard and is connected with the lifting ring position detection switch, the lifting ring suspension detection switch and an encoder, and the output end of the central controller is connected with a display and controls brake output and alarm output.
The forward tilting position of the top drive hoisting ring (5) is not more than 30 degrees, and the backward tilting position is not more than 50 degrees; when the top drive hoisting ring (5) passes through the second-layer platform, the forward tilting position of the top drive hoisting ring does not exceed 15 degrees.
The use method of the petroleum drilling equipment comprises the following steps:
(1) detection of the top drive height: the winch is provided with an encoder, when the roller rotates for one circle, the encoder can output a plurality of pulse records, and in addition, the diameter of the roller of the winch, the diameter of a drilling rope, the initial number of turns of the roller, the number of pulleys of a crown block and original data of a rope system are input into a controller;
(2) detecting the forward tilting position and the backward tilting position of the top drive hoisting ring: the forward-inclined position and the backward-inclined position of the top-driving lifting ring (5) are respectively provided with a lifting ring position detection switch, the middle suspension position is provided with a lifting ring suspension detection switch, and a detected signal is input into a central controller for holding; in addition, the set height value is modified through a keyboard, and various parameters required for calculating the height are input;
(3) if the signal generated by the suspension ring suspension detection switch is received, the central controller does not act, and the top drive can freely move up and down in the whole height range in the derrick; if the suspension or middle position detection signal is not received when the height of the set racking platform is within the range above and below the set height of the racking platform, the control system outputs the suspension or middle position detection signal, the output controls different winch brakes according to different drilling machine types, the 24VDC signal or the air channel of the brake system is controlled through the electromagnetic valve, and finally the control system is used for controlling the winch brakes and simultaneously sends out an audible and visual alarm signal;
(4) in addition, when the top drive is lowered on the racking platform in a height range, the speed is low, the speed does not need to be reduced in advance, when the top drive is close to the racking platform in a drill lifting process, early warning needs to be carried out for a distance in advance to remind a driller to reduce the speed, therefore, when the top drive hanging ring is inclined in the height range from 2 meters above the racking platform to 5 meters below the racking platform, the top drive cannot move up and down, and the brake mechanism acts to brake and give an alarm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has the advantages of wide application range, convenient installation and maintenance, simple operation and sensitive reaction, and completely meets the design requirements through field test; the invention organically combines two independent equipment systems of the top drive and the winch, makes up the defects of respective design, can greatly improve the safety of equipment operation, effectively prevents the collision of the top drive flying ring with the second floor of the derrick caused by human error and other serious accidents caused by the collision, realizes the intrinsic safety of the equipment, and effectively reduces the labor intensity and the mental stress degree of an operator; effectively reduces the potential safety hazard and the operation risk of the equipment, reduces the maintenance cost of the equipment and meets the QHSE requirement of a company.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall installation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the forward and backward tilting of the top drive bail of the present invention;
in the upper diagram: the device comprises a top drive 1, a guide rail 2, a racking platform 3, a drill floor 4, a top drive hoisting ring 5, a derrick 6, an overhead traveling crane 7, a winch 8, a roller instrument shaft 9, a forward-inclined hoisting ring position detection switch 5.1, a backward-inclined hoisting ring position detection switch 5.2 and a hoisting ring suspension detection switch 5.3.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying figures 1 to 3:
the invention provides oil drilling equipment, which comprises a top drive 1, a guide rail 2, a racking platform 3, a drill floor 4, a top drive hoisting ring 5, a derrick 6, an overhead traveling crane 7, a winch 8 and a roller instrument shaft 9, wherein the drill floor 4 is fixed with the derrick 6, the overhead traveling crane 7 is installed at the top of the derrick 6, the guide rail 2 is installed in the derrick 6, the racking platform 3 is arranged above the drill floor 4, the racking platform 3 is fixed at the middle part of the derrick 6, one end of a steel wire rope is connected with the top drive 1, the other end of the steel wire rope bypasses the overhead traveling crane 7 to be connected with the winch 8, the top drive hoisting ring 5 is installed at the lower part of the top drive 1, and the top drive hoisting ring 5 can realize forward tilting, backward tilting and suspension actions, and: the forward-inclined position and the backward-inclined position of the top drive lifting ring 5 are respectively provided with a lifting ring position detection switch, and the middle suspension position is provided with a lifting ring suspension detection switch to judge the position state of the top drive lifting ring; an encoder is arranged on the winch 8, and when the roller on the winch rotates for a circle, the encoder can output a plurality of pulse records; the central controller indicates the height of the top drive 1 in the derrick according to the pulse number recorded by the encoder; the anti-collision of the position of the racking platform 3 is realized by processing and comparing the position of the top drive hanging ring and the height of the top drive 1 in the central controller.
The position signal of the top drive hoisting ring and the height signal of the top drive 1 are processed and compared in the central controller, if the top drive hoisting ring is detected to be in an inclined state, once the top drive height is within a set height range of a racking platform of the derrick, the central controller gives a brake control signal to the winch, the winch automatically brakes, and meanwhile, an audible and visual alarm signal is sent out, so that the hoisting ring is prevented from colliding with the racking platform of the derrick by human error; the top drive hoisting ring can be in any state at other heights of the derrick, so that the normal operation of equipment and the normal construction of drilling are not influenced; in addition, when the speed is higher when the top drive is close to the racking platform during the drill pulling process, the top drive is set to advance for a certain distance to perform early warning so as to remind the driller to decelerate.
The central controller adopts a Siemens P L C-200 high-speed processor, a forward-inclined hanging ring position detection switch 5.1 is installed at the forward-inclined position of the top drive hanging ring 5, a backward-inclined hanging ring position detection switch 5.2 is installed at the backward-inclined position, a hanging ring suspension detection switch 5.3 is installed at the middle suspension position, the input end of the central controller is connected with a keyboard, and is connected with the hanging ring position detection switch, the hanging ring suspension detection switch and an encoder, and the output end of the central controller is connected with a display and controls brake output and alarm output.
The forward inclined position of the top drive hoisting ring 5 is not more than 30 degrees, and the backward inclined position is not more than 50 degrees; when the top drive hoisting ring 5 passes through the racking platform, the forward inclined position of the top drive hoisting ring does not exceed 15 degrees. Wherein, the inclination angle of the top drive hoisting ring 5) is a function which is necessary for the normal production of the top drive; in addition, the extension is as close as possible to the derrick workers when the labor intensity of the derrick workers is reduced for convenient operation.
The use method of the petroleum drilling equipment comprises the following steps:
(1) detection of the top drive height: the winch is provided with an encoder, when the roller rotates for one circle, the encoder can output a plurality of pulse records, and in addition, the diameter of the roller of the winch, the diameter of a drilling rope, the initial number of turns of the roller, the number of pulleys of a crown block and original data of a rope system are input into a controller;
(2) detecting the forward tilting position and the backward tilting position of the top drive hoisting ring: the forward tilting position and the backward tilting position of the top drive lifting ring 5 are respectively provided with a lifting ring position detection switch, the middle suspension position is provided with a lifting ring suspension detection switch, and a detected signal is input into a central controller for holding; in addition, the set height value is modified through a keyboard, and various parameters required for calculating the height are input;
(3) if the signal generated by the suspension ring suspension detection switch is received, the central controller does not act, and the top drive can freely move up and down in the whole height range in the derrick; if the suspension or middle position detection signal is not received when the height of the set racking platform is within the range above and below the set height of the racking platform, the control system outputs the suspension or middle position detection signal, the output controls different winch brakes according to different drilling machine types, the 24VDC signal or the air channel of the brake system is controlled through the electromagnetic valve, and finally the control system is used for controlling the winch brakes and simultaneously sends out an audible and visual alarm signal;
(4) in addition, when the top drive is lowered on the racking platform in a height range, the speed is low, the speed does not need to be reduced in advance, when the top drive is close to the racking platform in a drill lifting process, early warning needs to be carried out for a distance in advance to remind a driller to reduce the speed, therefore, when the top drive hanging ring is inclined in the height range from 2 meters above the racking platform to 5 meters below the racking platform, the top drive cannot move up and down, and the brake mechanism acts to brake and give an alarm.
The mode of the invention is to add an effective interlocking device between the working state of the top drive hanging ring and the up-and-down motion of the top drive, so that the top drive hanging ring can not pass through the racking platform when being inclined, and can only freely pass through the racking platform when being in a vertical state. In order to achieve the purpose, the position of the top drive hanging ring and the height of the top drive need to be accurately detected, and the AND relationship between the position and the height is realized through program setting in a central controller. The invention organically connects two mutually independent systems of the top drive and the winch together, thereby realizing the intrinsic safety of the whole device.
The above description is only a few of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may modify the above-described embodiments or modify them into equivalent ones. Therefore, any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made in accordance with the technical solution of the present invention are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides an oil drilling equipment, drives (1), guide rail (2), racking platform (3), rig floor (4), top drive rings (5), derrick (6), overhead traveling crane (7), winch (8), cylinder instrument shaft (9) including the top, rig floor (4) on be fixed with derrick (6), overhead traveling crane (7) are installed at the top of derrick (6), and install guide rail (2) in derrick (6), the top of rig floor (4) is equipped with racking platform (3), racking platform (3) are fixed at the middle part of derrick (6), and top drive (1) is connected to wire rope's one end, and the other end is connected to winch (8) around overhead traveling crane (7), the top drive the lower part of (1) and install top drive rings (5), top drive rings (5) can realize top, hypsokinesis, suspension action, characterized by: the forward-inclined position and the backward-inclined position of the top drive hanging ring (5) are respectively provided with a hanging ring position detection switch, and a hanging ring suspension detection switch is arranged at the middle suspension position to judge the position state of the top drive hanging ring; an encoder is arranged on the winch (8), and when the roller on the winch rotates for one circle, the encoder can output a plurality of pulse records; the central controller indicates the height of the top drive (1) in the derrick according to the number of recorded pulses of the encoder; the anti-collision of the position of the racking platform (3) is realized by processing and comparing the position of the top drive hoisting ring and the height of the top drive (1) in the central controller;
the position signal of the top drive hoisting ring and the height signal of the top drive (1) are processed and compared in the central controller, if the top drive hoisting ring is detected to be in an inclined state, once the top drive height is within a set height range of a racking platform of the derrick, the central controller gives a brake control signal to the winch to automatically brake the winch and simultaneously sends an audible and visual alarm signal to prevent the hoisting ring from colliding with the racking platform of the derrick due to human errors; the top drive hoisting ring can be in any state at other heights of the derrick, so that the normal operation of equipment and the normal construction of drilling are not influenced; in addition, when the speed is higher when the top drive is close to the racking platform during the drill pulling process, the top drive is set to advance for a certain distance to perform early warning so as to remind the driller to decelerate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710783716.7A CN107620589B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | Petroleum drilling equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610151102.2A CN105672870B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | Well drilling top drive and safety platform collision-proof protector |
| CN201710783716.7A CN107620589B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | Petroleum drilling equipment |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610151102.2A Division CN105672870B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | Well drilling top drive and safety platform collision-proof protector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107620589A CN107620589A (en) | 2018-01-23 |
| CN107620589B true CN107620589B (en) | 2020-08-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710778981.6A Expired - Fee Related CN107654199B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | Well drilling top drive and safety platform protective device |
| CN201610151102.2A Withdrawn - After Issue CN105672870B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | Well drilling top drive and safety platform collision-proof protector |
| CN201710779164.2A Active CN107489382B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | The application method of well drilling top drive and safety platform collision-proof protector |
| CN201710783716.7A Active CN107620589B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | Petroleum drilling equipment |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710778981.6A Expired - Fee Related CN107654199B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | Well drilling top drive and safety platform protective device |
| CN201610151102.2A Withdrawn - After Issue CN105672870B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | Well drilling top drive and safety platform collision-proof protector |
| CN201710779164.2A Active CN107489382B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | The application method of well drilling top drive and safety platform collision-proof protector |
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| CN107654199B (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2019-05-24 | 刘玉友 | Well drilling top drive and safety platform protective device |
| CN107939780B (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-10-25 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | It a kind of top drives special remote control and declines type hydraulic control method, device and system |
| CN109372490B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2022-07-05 | 四川宏华电气有限责任公司 | Drilling ZMS area management system and method |
| CN111852318B (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2022-05-06 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Anti-collision protection system for top drive and derrick two-layer platform |
| CN112196518B (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2021-05-04 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Drilling method, device, equipment and medium based on image recognition |
| CN111146855B (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-12-25 | 成都华阳石油钻采配件有限责任公司 | Digital safety LED four-protection instrument |
| CN112901136A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-04 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Drilling machine brake and comprehensive protection moving system |
| CN113374463A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-09-10 | 中石化西南石油工程有限公司 | Integrated automatic early warning and collision prevention device for drilling machine suspension system |
| CN114604794A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-06-10 | 四川宏华电气有限责任公司 | System and method for controlling position of winch of oil rig |
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- 2016-03-16 CN CN201710778981.6A patent/CN107654199B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-03-16 CN CN201610151102.2A patent/CN105672870B/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
- 2016-03-16 CN CN201710779164.2A patent/CN107489382B/en active Active
- 2016-03-16 CN CN201710783716.7A patent/CN107620589B/en active Active
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| CN1100178A (en) * | 1993-09-10 | 1995-03-15 | 钟会龙 | Method for enhancing limit anticollision reliability of driller |
| WO2005065364A2 (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2005-07-21 | Varco I/P, Inc. | Instrumented internal blowout preventer valve for measuring drill string drilling parameters |
| CN2837508Y (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2006-11-15 | 何新怀 | Protector for drilling and repairing well |
| CN203134246U (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-08-14 | 李学君 | Intelligent drilling device simulation training system |
| CN204549874U (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-08-12 | 海南建峰智能工程有限公司 | intelligent crown block anti-collision system |
| CN104851352A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-08-19 | 中国石油技术开发公司 | PLC control system of drilling machine mounting simulation system |
| CN204965892U (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2016-01-13 | 中国石油技术开发公司 | Land rig installation operation simulation system |
| CN107654199B (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2019-05-24 | 刘玉友 | Well drilling top drive and safety platform protective device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105672870A (en) | 2016-06-15 |
| CN107620589A (en) | 2018-01-23 |
| CN105672870B (en) | 2018-03-16 |
| CN107489382B (en) | 2019-06-21 |
| CN107489382A (en) | 2017-12-19 |
| CN107654199A (en) | 2018-02-02 |
| CN107654199B (en) | 2019-05-24 |
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Address after: 457000 No. 219, nizhuang, Xinzhuang Town, Puyang City, Henan Province Patentee after: Henan qishengwei Industrial Co.,Ltd. Address before: 457526 Gaoma Township Enterprise Committee, fan County, Puyang City, Henan Province Patentee before: Puyang shengande Petroleum Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd |
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