CN205040450U - Pond is bred to bionical attitude of giant salamander of make sets one to one - Google Patents
Pond is bred to bionical attitude of giant salamander of make sets one to one Download PDFInfo
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- CN205040450U CN205040450U CN201520771536.3U CN201520771536U CN205040450U CN 205040450 U CN205040450 U CN 205040450U CN 201520771536 U CN201520771536 U CN 201520771536U CN 205040450 U CN205040450 U CN 205040450U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a pond is bred to bionical attitude of giant salamander of make sets one to one, the artifical brook that the construction was parallel to each other is a plurality of, and directly pilot a ship into harbour from the cistern in every artifical brook, every artifical brook hits exactly the below and lays the blow off pipe along the brook direction, and the mouth is collected as the filth to three -way pipe of blow off pipe every certain distance installation, a plurality of groups in artifical cave that build bilateral symmetry on every artifical brook both sides form the difference in height along the artifical brook adjacent two sets of artifical caves of direction, make every artifical brook form the step drop, regard as artifical brook bilateral symmetry's a pair of artifical cave a set of, build the rectangle divider wall the artifical cave of every group around and keep apart, between artifical brook bilateral symmetry's a set of artifical cave, separate the artifical cave of every group with the fence, the utility model discloses a bionical attitude of giant salamander breeds to rate at land use in the pond, quality of water, the kind salamander death rate, obviously improve in the aspect of joining numerous rate, managers intensity of labour etc.
Description
[technical field]
The utility model belongs to technical field of aquaculture, is specifically related to a kind of giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one.
[background technology]
Giant salamander (Andriasdavidianus) is the distinctive tailed amphibians of China, has larger edible, medicinal, ecological and scientific research value.Since the eighties in 20th century, due to reasons such as a large amount of illegal hunting, habitat destructions, result in wild giant salamander population quantity sharply declines, and even becomes extinct in many areas.Based on above reason, various circles of society start the protection and the artificial propagation experimental study that carry out giant salamander, successively define giant salamander whole artificial propagation (Captivebreeding), (beam is firm for three kinds of technology modes such as giant salamander ecosystem breeding (Naturaleco-breeding) and giant salamander Ecology breeding (Imitatednaturaleco-breeding), 2007 (4), economic animal journal), due to the successful Application of these three kinds of technology especially giant salamander Ecology propagation technique, giant salamander culture begins to take shape in China as emerging special aquaculture industry.According to the statistical data that National agricultural portion issues in June, 2014, whole nation cultivation giant salamander amount reaches 1,2,490,000 tails, plants salamander storage and reaches 520,000 tails, breeding giant salamander fry 671.6 ten thousand tail in 2013.
" bionics artificial reproduction method of large salamander " (patent No. ZL200710018264X) extensive use throughout the country that State Intellectual Property Office was authorized on July 1st, 2009; China's giant salamander fry artificial propagation quantity is increased sharply, has played extremely important effect for giant salamander plasm resource protection and giant salamander industry are formed.But the method, through the application over nearly 10 years in production practices, also exposes a series of defect and deficiency technically gradually:
1. land utilization rate is low.Giant salamander Ecology breeding farm is typically chosen in height above sea level 800-1, the farmland that 200m mountain channel is other, first builds artificial streams, then builds several giant salamander caves on both sides, artificial streams.Existing research shows, young salamander has gregarious life habit, forms salamander and has solitary life habit (Liang Gang etc., 2008 (6), the Nature).In order to avoid kind of a salamander cuts one another's throat, 6-8 tail kind salamander is only thrown in general 10 artificial caves, Ecology breeding farm, and that is there is 2-4 cave in every 10 caves as cave for subsequent use, are in idle state.As everyone knows, the area in farmland, mountain area is natively very limited, and these caves for subsequent use waste natively very limited land resources, makes land utilization rate low (beam is firm, 2007 (4), economic animal journal).
2. salamander management difficulty is planted large.According to land area and landform, a bending artificial streams of spiraling generally only is built in a giant salamander Ecology breeding farm, and build several giant salamander caves on both sides, artificial streams, all kinds of salamanders of input all perch activity in this artificial streams and cave.Owing to natively there being the cave for subsequent use of 20-40% in Ecology breeding farm, all giant salamander caves are connected by artificial streams in addition, so plant salamander arbitrarily can perch activity in whole Ecology breeding farm, administrative staff are difficult to know kind of salamander perches and breeding in which cave, and the management difficulty of kind of salamander is increased.
3. breeding period is because striving idol, and kind salamander lethality is high.The Mating Systems of giant salamander is mostly single preparation (monogamy), and minority is polygyny (polygynousmatingsystem) (Liang Gang etc., 2010 (1), zoology magazine).Every tail kind salamander is in order to can reproductive success, to need and other kind of salamander fights for spouse's (comprising female salamander and female salamander, male salamander and male salamander and the contention between female salamander and male salamander) in breeding period, (beam is firm so just inevitably to cause the injured even death of the especially female salamander of kind of salamander, 2007 (4), economic animal journal), administrative staff are difficult to know which cave injured kind salamander perches in addition, cause injured kind salamander delay treatment, kind of salamander lethality is remained high.
4. artificial streams and cave inconvenience are removed contamination.Dirt in giant salamander Ecology breeding farm mainly contains following source: one be breeding water all from the diversion of natural river course, inevitably also guide the dirt in natural river course into artificial streams and cave.Two is the ight soil that kind of salamander and forage fiss are drained.Three is dead forage fiss and residual bait fragment.Giant salamander has and is fond of tranquility, keeps in dark place, fears sound, life habit (Liang Gang etc., 2008 (6), the Nature) such as happiness clear water etc., needs to live in (Luo Qinghua, 2009 (7), Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology) in the limpid environment of water quality.If especially organic dirt is more for dirt in giant salamander living environment, because the fermentation of organic dirt can make water degradation, normal life and the successful reproduction of planting salamander all can be a greater impact, kind of a salamander illness rate is even caused obviously to increase, therefore, the staff of giant salamander Ecology breeding farm needs the dirt often cleared up in artificial streams and cave." bionics artificial reproduction method of large salamander " does not design special facility of removing contamination, and artificial streams and cave inconvenience are removed contamination, and poultry feeders workload of removing contamination is very large.
The numerous rate of ginseng of 5. planting salamander is low.Due to the combined influence by above various technological deficiency and deficiency, repeatedly prove through production practices over nearly 10 years, the kind salamander of nearly all giant salamander Ecology breeding farm is joined numerous rate and is no more than 30%, that is the kind salamander more than 70% of Ecology breeding farm cultivation does not participate in breeding, makes the breeding amount of the every young salamander in most giant salamander Ecology breeding farms limited.
[utility model content]
The technological deficiency existed for prior art and deficiency, the utility model object is the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool providing a kind of combo one to one, have land utilization rate high, increase water quality, plant salamander lethality low, plant salamander join the advantages such as numerous rate is high, administrative staff's labour intensity is low.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows:
The giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one, comprise some the artificial streams be parallel to each other, the artificial streams of every bar is connected diversion by pipeline with cistern; Below, center, every bar artificial streams is equipped with blow-off pipe along direction, streams, and blow-off pipe is provided with three-way pipe at a certain distance as dirt-collecting mouth, and artificial streams and blow-off pipe are equipped with certain thickness rough sand and gravel pebbles; Build on both sides, every bar artificial streams and have symmetrical some groups of artificial caves, the sidewall in artificial cave is built with circular prefabricated cement board; Poor along two adjacent groups artificial cave, direction, artificial streams height of formation, make every bar artificial streams forming station stepwise drop; Symmetrical a pair artificial cave, artificial streams as one group, often organize around artificial cave build have rectangle divider wall to isolate, the divider wall between the artificial cave of two adjacent groups is provided with perforate and is communicated with in artificial for two adjacent groups cave; Artificial streams is provided with fence between symmetrical lineup's work cave, is separated often organizing artificial cave by fence.
Further, the wide 100-120cm in the artificial streams of every bar, adjacent two streams center distance are 400cm.
Further, along the artificial cave discrepancy in elevation 5-8cm of direction, artificial streams two adjacent groups.
Further, build the circular pre-cast concrete board diameter 80-100cm in artificial cave, front high 25cm, rear high 30cm, 1, hole is established in each cave, the wide 15-20cm in hole, high 12-15cm, and hole neck length 10cm, hole is all submerged in water.
Further, two artificial cave center distance that side, artificial streams is adjacent are 120cm.
Further, divider wall thickness is 6-8cm, high 110cm, and its middle and lower part is about 10cm landfill in sandstone.
Further, the PVC drain elbow that can rotate being installed at artificial streams upstream side, for regulating the water level in artificial streams, making the depth of water in artificial streams remain on 20-30cm.
Further, have the sandstone of 10-20cm in the backfill of artificial upper cave, surrounding plantation in cave has perennial herbaceous plant.
Further, about 10cm place, below, center, every bar artificial streams is equipped with blow-off pipe along direction, streams, and blow-off pipe is provided with three-way pipe as sewage draining exit every 120cm, and artificial streams and blow-off pipe are equipped with the thick rough sand of about 10cm and gravel pebbles.
Further, fence height is 60cm.
The utility model has following beneficial effect:
Giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of the present utility model in land utilization rate, water quality, kind salamander lethality, join in numerous rate, administrative staff's labour intensity etc. and obviously improve.
1. land utilization rate improves 20-40%.Existing " bionics artificial reproduction method of large salamander " is generally that every 10 caves have 2-4 cave as cave for subsequent use, and be in idle state, land utilization rate only has 60-80%.The giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one of the present utility model is that each cave has kind of a salamander to perch, and without idle cave, land utilization rate reaches 100%, and land utilization rate improves 20-40%.
2. water quality significantly improves.Be mainly manifested in following 4 aspects:
1. artificial streams length is shorter, and water quality significantly improves.Existing " bionics artificial reproduction method of large salamander " generally only builds a bending artificial streams of spiraling a plant, and artificial streams is longer, and the water quality in downstream, artificial streams is poor.The giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one of the present utility model, build some parallel artificial streams a plant, the artificial streams of every bar only has 20-30 to kind of a salamander, and artificial streams is shorter, and the water quality in downstream, artificial streams is better.
2. dissolved oxygen is higher.Existing " bionics artificial reproduction method of large salamander " generally only builds a bending artificial streams of spiraling a plant, and artificial streams is longer, and this drop just determining artificial streams is less, causes the water-soluble oxygen in artificial streams lower.Some, the artificial streams that the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one of the present utility model is parallel to each other plant's construction, and every artificial streams of bar has obvious step drop, and the water-soluble oxygen in artificial streams can be made like this to significantly improve.
3. clarity improves.Existing " bionics artificial reproduction method of large salamander ", at the soil of artificial upper cave backfill 20-30cm, can make the water in artificial streams become muddy time rainy.The giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one of the present utility model backfills the sandstone of 10-20cm in artificial upper cave, water when raining in artificial streams is still limpid.
4. organic dirt can be cleared up in time, and water quality significantly improves.Existing " bionics artificial reproduction method of large salamander " does not design special facility of removing contamination, and cannot be cleared up in time due to organic dirt and ferment, water quality is poor.The giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one of the present utility model has special blow-off line for organic dirt, and organic dirt can be cleared up in time, and water quality is significantly improved.
3. kind of a salamander lethality is down to less than 1% by about 10%.The giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one of the present utility model, makes kind of the main cause that salamander lethality obviously declines comprise: one is that kind of a salamander isolates by the method divider wall and fence at ordinary times, prevents the mutual fight between kind of salamander.Two is the close salamanders often organized in artificial cave, is familiar with gradually meeting each other with fence off at ordinary times, and after breeding period, fence was removed, female, male close salamander disappears because being familiar with making to strive even phenomenon.Three is that water quality in artificial streams significantly improves, and reduces kind of a salamander incidence and mortality.Even if four be plant salamander injured or produce pathology, administrative staff can treat by Timeliness coverage.
4. join numerous rate and be increased to more than 80% by less than 30%.The giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one of the present utility model makes kind of salamander join, and main cause that numerous rate significantly improves comprises: the close salamander age be the method is bring up to 7 ages more than by former patent by one 5 ages more than, guarantees that every tail parent salamander has arrived the propagable age (gonad full maturity).Two is the close salamanders often organized in artificial cave, is familiar with gradually meeting each other with fence off at ordinary times, strives even phenomenon and disappears, improve the breeding success rate of female, male close salamander breeding period.Three is in the method first 2 years, and administrative staff, according to often organizing the gonadal developmental process of close salamander, can adjust each group of parent salamander in time, improve the numerous rate of ginseng and breeding success rate.
5. administrative staff's labour intensity obviously reduces.Main cause comprises: one is bionics artificial reproduction method of large salamander is generally the dirt directly and one by one cleared up by administrative staff in artificial streams and cave, and administrative staff's labour intensity is obviously very large; The giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one of the present utility model has special blow-off line for organic dirt, directly opens blow-off line cleaning dirt, without at substantial manpower during blowdown.Two is that all kinds of salamanders that bionics artificial reproduction method of large salamander is thrown in all perch activity in an artificial streams and artificial cave, administrative staff are difficult to know kind of salamander perches and breeding in which cave, the management difficulty of planting salamander is large, and administrative staff's labour intensity strengthens thereupon; Close salamander is isolated in respective cave by the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool divider wall of combo one to one of the present utility model and fence, and be convenient to administrative staff and observe and management, labour intensity obviously reduces.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 giant salamander Ecology culturing pool integral layout schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is by the artificial streams of artificial cave mid point and artificial cave generalized section
The artificial streams of Fig. 3 and artificial cave section plane schematic diagram
Divider wall generalized section between the artificial cave of Fig. 4 two adjacent groups
In figure: the artificial streams of 1-; The artificial cave of 2-; 3-road; 4-divider wall; 5-hole neck; 6-rough sand and gravel pebbles; 7-PVC manages.
[embodiment]
Below by embodiment, the utility model is further described, but the utility model is not limited to following examples.
Described in figure 1-Fig. 4, the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one of the present utility model, comprises the landform according to Ecology breeding farm and area, builds some of the artificial streams 1 be parallel to each other.Every wide 100-120cm in bar streams, the spacing at center, adjacent two streams is about 400cm.The artificial streams 1 of every bar directly uses pvc pipe 7 diversion of Φ 90 from cistern, see Fig. 1.
At the about 10cm place, below that artificial streams 1 hits exactly, lay the pvc pipe 7 of Φ 90 as blow-off pipe, blow-off pipe installs the three-way pipe of 1 Φ 90 × 75 every about 120cm.Artificial streams 1 and blow-off pipe are laid the thick rough sand of about 10cm and gravel pebbles 6, sees Fig. 2.
According to landform and the area of Ecology breeding farm, symmetrical artificial cave 220-30 couple is built on both sides, every bar artificial streams 1, along direction, artificial streams 1 two adjacent groups artificial cave 2 discrepancy in elevation 5-8cm, make the artificial streams of every bar 1 form obvious step drop, see Fig. 1.
The sidewall in artificial cave 2 is built with circular prefabricated cement board.Circular pre-cast concrete board diameter 80-100cm, front high 25cm, rear high 30cm.1, hole is established in each cave, the wide 15-20cm in hole, high 12-15cm, and the long 10cm of hole neck 5, hole is all submerged in water.Prefabricated cement board is added a cover in cave, sees Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.The spacing at the center, two caves that side, artificial streams 1 is adjacent is 120cm.
Using symmetrical for artificial streams 1 a pair artificial cave 2 as one group, the rectangle divider wall 4 that thickness is 6-8cm is built around with bar brick, the high 110cm of divider wall 4, its middle and lower part is about 10cm landfill in sandstone, between artificial cave 2, direction, streams, be equipped with road 3, see Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4.
On divider wall 4 between the artificial cave 2 of two adjacent groups, install the PVC drain pipe of Φ 90, PVC drain pipe is 20cm place bottom divider wall 4, is linked up in artificial for two adjacent groups cave 2.At upstream side PVC drain pipe end, then the PVC bend pipe of Φ 90 being installed, for regulating the water level in artificial streams 1, seeing Fig. 3, Fig. 4.The depth of water in artificial streams 1 remains on 20-30cm.
Between symmetrical lineup's work cave, artificial streams 12, separating often organizing artificial cave 2 with the fence being highly 60cm, seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Can meet each other but can not contact often organizing the female and male close salamander in artificial cave 2 at ordinary times.Remove fence in breeding period, female and male close salamander just directly can contact and breed.
Above artificial cave 2, backfill the sandstone of 10-20cm, cave surrounding plants perennial herbaceous plant grass-leaved sweetflag (Acorustatarinowii) 4.Often organize in artificial cave 2 throw in female and each 1 tail of male close salamander, the close salamander age is all more than 7 ages (former patent is 5 ages more than).Salamander of seeking a marriage alliance is anosis, without wound, physique is healthy and strong.
Claims (10)
1. the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one, is characterized in that: comprise some the artificial streams (1) be parallel to each other, the artificial streams of every bar (1) is connected diversion by pipeline with cistern; Below, center, the artificial streams of every bar (1) is equipped with blow-off pipe along direction, streams, blow-off pipe is provided with three-way pipe at a certain distance as dirt-collecting mouth, and artificial streams (1) and blow-off pipe are equipped with certain thickness rough sand and gravel pebbles (6); Build on the artificial streams of every bar (1) both sides and have symmetrical some groups of artificial caves (2), the sidewall of artificial cave (2) is built with circular prefabricated cement board; Poor along artificial streams (1) the direction artificial cave of two adjacent groups (2) height of formation, make the artificial streams of every bar (1) forming station stepwise drop; The symmetrical a pair artificial cave (2) in artificial streams (1) is as one group, often organize around artificial cave (2) build have rectangle divider wall (4) to isolate, the divider wall (4) between the artificial cave of two adjacent groups (2) is provided with perforate and artificial for two adjacent groups cave (2) is communicated with; Being provided with fence between symmetrical lineup's work cave, artificial streams (2), being separated often organizing artificial cave by fence.
2. the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the every artificial streams of bar (1) wide 100-120cm, adjacent two streams center distance are 400cm.
3. the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: along artificial streams (1) the direction artificial cave of two adjacent groups (2) discrepancy in elevation 5-8cm.
4. the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: build the circular pre-cast concrete board diameter 80-100cm in artificial cave (2), front high 25cm, rear high 30cm, 1, hole is established in each cave, the wide 15-20cm in hole, high 12-15cm, hole neck (5) long 10cm, hole is all submerged in water.
5. the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: two artificial cave (2) center distance that manually streams (1) side is adjacent are 120cm.
6. the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: divider wall (4) thickness is 6-8cm, high 110cm, its middle and lower part is about 10cm landfill in sandstone.
7. the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the PVC drain elbow that can rotate is installed at artificial streams (1) upstream side, for regulating the water level of artificial streams (1), the depth of water in artificial streams (1) is made to remain on 20-30cm.
8. the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the sandstone having 10-20cm in the backfill of artificial cave (2) top, and surrounding plantation in cave has perennial herbaceous plant.
9. the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: about 10cm place, below, center, every artificial streams of bar (1) is equipped with blow-off pipe along direction, streams, blow-off pipe is provided with three-way pipe as sewage draining exit every 120cm, and artificial streams and blow-off pipe are equipped with the thick rough sand of about 10cm and gravel pebbles (6).
10. the giant salamander Ecology culturing pool of combo one to one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: fence height is 60cm.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106069947A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-11-09 | 蒙山县瑶山大鲵繁育专业合作社 | A kind of giant salamander reproduction method |
| CN106069976A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-11-09 | 蒙山县瑶山大鲵繁育专业合作社 | Andrias davidianus Blanchard breeding pond |
| CN106069977A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-11-09 | 蒙山县瑶山大鲵繁育专业合作社 | Giant salamander culture unit |
| CN106172188A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-07 | 蒙山县瑶山大鲵繁育专业合作社 | Bionic giant salamander cave |
| CN106172187A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-07 | 蒙山县瑶山大鲵繁育专业合作社 | A kind of Andrias davidianus Blanchard breeding method |
| CN107691332A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-02-16 | 李正美 | A kind of labyrinth type culture pond cowfish device and its process |
| CN108077174A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-29 | 宁波泽远水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of stream giant salamander breeding farm and its propagation method |
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2015
- 2015-09-30 CN CN201520771536.3U patent/CN205040450U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106069947A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-11-09 | 蒙山县瑶山大鲵繁育专业合作社 | A kind of giant salamander reproduction method |
| CN106069976A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-11-09 | 蒙山县瑶山大鲵繁育专业合作社 | Andrias davidianus Blanchard breeding pond |
| CN106069977A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-11-09 | 蒙山县瑶山大鲵繁育专业合作社 | Giant salamander culture unit |
| CN106172188A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-07 | 蒙山县瑶山大鲵繁育专业合作社 | Bionic giant salamander cave |
| CN106172187A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-07 | 蒙山县瑶山大鲵繁育专业合作社 | A kind of Andrias davidianus Blanchard breeding method |
| CN106172187B (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2019-03-08 | 蒙山县瑶山大鲵繁育专业合作社 | A kind of giant salamander breeding method |
| CN107691332A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-02-16 | 李正美 | A kind of labyrinth type culture pond cowfish device and its process |
| CN108077174A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-29 | 宁波泽远水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of stream giant salamander breeding farm and its propagation method |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160224 Termination date: 20180930 |