CN204594356U - The quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole - Google Patents
The quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN204594356U CN204594356U CN201420788539.3U CN201420788539U CN204594356U CN 204594356 U CN204594356 U CN 204594356U CN 201420788539 U CN201420788539 U CN 201420788539U CN 204594356 U CN204594356 U CN 204594356U
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- blast hole
- explosive unit
- light blast
- primacord
- stop
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole, it comprises: be positioned at the 100g explosive unit (3) bottom light blast hole, be positioned at the stop (1) and 50g explosive unit (2) that are arranged alternately on 100g explosive unit (3), wherein the quantity of stop (1) and 50g explosive unit (2) has more than at least 3 respectively; Be positioned at the blocking (4) at light blast hole top, and primacord (5), 100g explosive unit (3) is fixed in its one end, the other end to expose outside blocking (4) at least 20cm, and stop (1) and 50g explosive unit (2) outer wall are close in the middle part between two ends.The utility model device is applicable to various complex lithology subway, highway or railway cutting, mine, water power and the quick-fried constructions of the various aperture light of underground space engineering such as turquoise, hard stone, secondary hard stone, is specially adapted to the quick-fried engineering construction of traversing small diameter subway tunnel light.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of blast charging structure, is specifically related to the quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole.
Background technology
In recent years, need along with country strengthens metro project construction, China's subway work enters fast-developing period, Tunnel Blasting engineering increasing number is carried out near intensive high-lager building group and intricately underground pipelines, the quick-fried difficulty of construction of subway light strengthens gradually, and safety requirements uprises, and Blasting Vibration Velocity controls very strict, shaping and prevent surrounding rock failure by design profile face for ensureing to retain rock mass, must profile Controlled blasting technique be adopted.
In whole constructing tunnel operation, the quality of Blasting Excavation scheme plays conclusive effect to tunnel blasting excavation speed.Meanwhile, the quality of demolition effect directly affects speed and the cost of later stage muck transport and liner supporting.Drill eye blasting excavation should reach following requirement: section configuration and size conforms designing requirement; Rock ballast lumpiness is of moderate size, and is convenient to muck and transport; Driving speed is fast, and boring workload is little, and explosive consumption is economized most; Have good demolition effect, surfacing, out break amount meets designing requirement, little to the damage and failure of country rock.In order to accomplish both to reduce the damage of explosion to country rock, larger drilling depth can be realized again, in tunnel excavation explosion, adopting smooth Surface Blasting Technology.Usual employing bamboo chip adds primacord and ties up the axial Uncoincided charge technology of emulsion, and this construction method exists the problem of the following aspects:
1, spacing difficulty: light blast hole installs explosive by workman's Charge level and understanding constraint, often fills not in place or disorderly dress light popping phenomenon is particularly evident, and axial limiting is inaccurate, causes smooth demolition effect poor;
2, on-the-spot processing cartridge bag: field fabrication light blast hole cartridge bag operation is more complicated, ties up cartridge bag displacement in insecure easy generation hole, needs field fabrication cartridge bag, consuming time longer, and affects work efficiency, is unfavorable for shortening the working face working time;
3, inconvenient prefabricated: prefabricated degree is low in advance, standard construction cannot be carried out by the data customized;
4, energy space irrational distribution: because single-point explosive density is excessive, axial explosive irrational distribution, rock convergence measure is serious, and cause contoured surface poor flatness, phenomenon of backbreaking is serious.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is the above deficiency for background technology, provide a kind of construct fast and convenient, spacing accurately, the construction period is short, explosive energy is evenly distributed, explosive energy utilization rate is high, cost is low, safe mass is guaranteed, work efficiency is high, energy-conserving and environment-protective, construction drop into economical rationality the quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole.
The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
The quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole, is characterized in that, comprising:
Be positioned at the 100g explosive unit (3) bottom light blast hole, be positioned at the stop (1) and 50g explosive unit (2) that are arranged alternately on 100g explosive unit (3), wherein the quantity of stop (1) and 50g explosive unit (2) has more than at least 3 respectively; Be positioned at the blocking (4) at light blast hole top, and primacord (5), 100g explosive unit (3) is fixed in its one end, the other end to expose outside blocking (4) at least 20cm, and stop (1) and 50g explosive unit (2) outer wall are close in the middle part between two ends.
In preferred embodiment, the pvc pipe that stop (1) is length 15-25cm, diameter
In preferred embodiment, 100g explosive unit (3) and 50g explosive unit (2) are respectively
emulsion be cut into 4 joints or 2 joint sections.
In preferred embodiment, the fixed form between primacord (5) and 100g explosive unit (3) is adhesive plaster bonding.
In preferred embodiment, the 50g explosive unit (2) at top is apart from big gun hole top 25-35cm.
In preferred embodiment, blocking (4) is processed into the stemming of a strip for Stemming machine.
In preferred embodiment, the partial-length that in light blast hole, primacord exposes is 20-30cm, and is connected primacord (8) forward and turns round fried dough twist and connect and adopt adhesive plaster to be wound around.
In preferred embodiment, detonator (10) is connected with primacord (5) forward.
The main blast mechanism of the utility model device and effect:
The rock breaking mechanism of photoface exploision is: during explosive initiation, produces two kinds of effects to rock mass: one is that explosion wave produces impact damage to country rock, and two is explosion gas expansion work roles.Photoface exploision is that periphery hole detonates simultaneously, the shock wave of each borehole makes radial propagation to its surrounding, and the shock wave of adjacent borehole meets, then produce the superposition of stress wave, and produce tangential pulling force, the maximum of pulling force occurs in the mid point of the adjacent borehole line of centres, and when the ultimate tensile strength of rock mass is less than this pulling force, rock mass is just by drawing crack, the borehole line of centres forms crack, subsequently, the expansion of explosion product makes crack further expand, and forms smooth surface of rupture.
Photoface exploision generally adopts decoupling charge structure, and it is characterized in that having annular air wall or axial air interval between cartridge bag and hole wall, the existence of this airspace reduces the detonation pressure peak acted on hole wall.Because rock dynamic compression strength is much larger than tensile strength, therefore can control the detonation pressure after cutting down and not cause hole wall to produce obvious compression failure, but tangential stress can makes big gun hole surrounding produce radial cracking.In addition cumulative action each other between Kong Yukong, make line between hole produce stress to concentrate, the initial crack on hole wall line further develops, and the quasistatic effect of delayed gases at high pressure, make to produce gas sword slabbing action along seam, make the whole through one-tenth seam of the crackle between periphery hole on line.
Conventional photoface exploision employing bamboo chip adds the mode that primacord ties up the axial Uncoincided charge of emulsion, the deficiencies such as its Shortcomings part is spacing difficulty, scene processes cartridge bag, inconvenience is prefabricated, energy space irrational distribution, and this structure adopts pvc pipe to make interval stop to fill big gun hole, make the axial point-like of explosive uniform, form the air column Uncoincided charge technology become more meticulous and carry out photoface exploision.
According to the model of photoface exploision drilling machine and bore diameter and assembly precision requirement, commercially purchase the PVC drain pipe that external diameter is about less than aperture 8-15mm, be cut into 20cm length according to blasting design scheme, as light blast hole stop.
According to blast working design, for making explosive energy reasonable layout and utilization, adopt the primacord of well cutting and the half-section 100g emulsion of well cutting, with immobilization with adhesive tape, slowly push at the bottom of hole with tamper, load a joint stop, slowly push, according to design needs, circulation powder charge and mounting limit device, stemming, connects networking, detonates.
Seen from the above description, the quick spacing charge constitution of the utility model tunnel light blast hole, has the advantages such as the construction period is short, explosive use amount is low, explosive energy utilization rate is higher, cost is lower, safe mass is guaranteed, smooth demolition effect is good, work efficiency is high, energy-conserving and environment-protective, the economical rationality of construction input.The utility model also has the following advantages:
(1) simple to operation, adopt common pvc pipe to make stop and airspace device as raw material, material is easily purchased, and is convenient to install;
(2) stop easily learn make, facilitate processing in batching, can streamlined factory formula prefabricated, on-the-spot powder charge work efficiency significantly improves, and comparing work efficiency than the photoface exploision of routine can improve more than 5%;
(3) stop is light, convenient transport, is particularly suitable for the transport of subway tunnel crawl space and uses;
(4) " the axial point-like of the explosive uniform associating air column method " that become more meticulous can more effective control over-excavation, improves the quick-fried flatness of contoured surface light;
(5) the quick-fried rear rock convergence measure of light is little, arch face surrouding rock stress distribution again " arch bridge effect ", improves country rock from steady function, and eliminate rock burst and landslide hidden danger, safety for tunnel engineering ensures high;
(6) adopt the short-delay blasting of primacord associating ms postpone Nonel detonator, while guaranteeing the flatness of the quick-fried profile of light, reduce blasting vibration, alleviate the harm of blasting vibration to shallow embedding pipeline, protect the safety of circumferentially underground pipelines.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model light blast hole charge constitution profilograph
Fig. 2 is the utility model light blast hole charge constitution drawing in side sectional elevation;
Fig. 3 is the utility model light blast hole primacord connection diagram.
In figure
1-stop 2-50g explosive unit 3-100g explosive unit 4-blocks 5-primacord 6-light blast hole 7-contoured surface 8-and connects primacord 9-adhesive plaster 10-detonating capsule
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the utility model comprises:
(1) PVC stop 1: according to the model of photoface exploision drilling machine and bore diameter and assembly precision requirement, commercially purchase the PVC drain pipe that external diameter is about less than aperture 6-15mm, 20cm length is cut into, as light blast hole stop according to blasting design scheme.
(2) emulsion process: need quantity according to explosion design, will
emulsion be cut into 4 joints (50g explosive unit 2) and 2 joint (100g explosive unit 3), concentrate for subsequent use.And before powder charge 2h ~ 3h well cutting emulsion, and it is for subsequent use to load plastic box, to avoid affecting powder charge work efficiency.
(3) light blast hole charge constitution: according to blast working design, for making explosive energy reasonable layout and utilization, adopt the primacord 5 of well cutting and half-section 100g explosive unit 3 emulsion of well cutting, with immobilization with adhesive tape, slowly push at the bottom of hole with tamper, load a joint stop 1, slowly push, according to design needs, circulation dress 50g explosive unit 2 and mounting limit device 1, see Fig. 1,7 joint stop 1 and 7 50g explosive unit 2 are installed altogether.
(4) aperture blocking is carried out.Comprise keyhole and via hole, strictly should control top, big gun hole stemming stemming length.Stemming can increase blasting agential time, the effect excessively far away that slungshot also can be suppressed to fly.For giving full play to this double action, stemming blocks 4 length and should be about Ld=30-50cm, wherein: Ld is stemming length.
(5) connection of detonating connects: see Fig. 3, the part that in light blast hole, primacord 5 exposes, guarantee length 20cm and be connected primacord 8 forward and turn round fried dough twist and connect and adopt adhesive plaster 9 to be wound around, reduce blasting vibration in order to ensure smooth demolition effect simultaneously, light blast hole can be divided by region and do some sections, ms postpone detonates, and detonating capsule 10 is connected with primacord 5 forward, notice that primacord propagation of explosion direction preferably controls at 180 °-120 °, avoid propagation of explosion to interrupt miss-firing; Detonator hole extra-cluster attachment force answers reversal connection, and Nonel tube network should strictly connect by design, and do not have in Nonel tube network fast knot, do not have in hole joint, enough distances should be left between adjacent propagation of explosion detonator outside hole, and adopt explosive carton to stop, prevent detonator film flying from destroying networking.Blasting circuit adopts and excites pin to detonate.
(6) carefully check before powder charge that the explosives such as primacord, detonator, explosive are with or without quality problems; Conscientiously connection connection of detonating is checked before detonating; After explosion, detailed inspection is with or without residual quick-fried, blind big gun situation.
2, the quick spacing charge constitution construction process of novel tunnel light blast hole:
(1) hole, tunnel photoface exploision boring form is generally horizontal extrapolation angular bit hole, gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation and also has use vertical drilling, should select in construction according to actual conditions.
(2) 2-3h before powder charge, locator and emulsion cut, it is complete to make
(3) powder charge and connection of detonating
(4) stemming blocking
(5) ignition and detonation
Above are only a specific embodiment of the present utility model, but design concept of the present utility model is not limited thereto, all changes utilizing this design the utility model to be carried out to unsubstantiality, all should belong to the behavior of invading the utility model protection domain.
Claims (8)
1. the quick spacing charge constitution of novel tunnel light blast hole, is characterized in that, comprising:
Be positioned at the 100g explosive unit (3) bottom light blast hole, be positioned at the stop (1) and 50g explosive unit (2) that are arranged alternately on 100g explosive unit (3), wherein the quantity of stop (1) and 50g explosive unit (2) has more than at least 3 respectively; Be positioned at the blocking (4) at light blast hole top, and primacord (5), 100g explosive unit (3) is fixed in its one end, the other end to expose outside blocking (4) at least 20cm, and stop (1) and 50g explosive unit (2) outer wall are close in the middle part between primacord (5) two ends.
2. the quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the pvc pipe that stop (1) is length 15-25cm, diameter
.
3. the quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, 100g explosive unit (3) and 50g explosive unit (2) are respectively
emulsion be cut into 4 joints or 2 joint sections.
4. the quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the fixed form between primacord (5) and 100g explosive unit (3) is adhesive plaster bonding.
5. the quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the 50g explosive unit (2) at top is apart from big gun hole top 25-35cm.
6. the quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole as described in any one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that, blocking (4) is processed into the stemming of a strip for Stemming machine.
7. the quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole as described in any one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, the partial-length that in light blast hole, primacord exposes is 20-30cm, and is connected primacord (8) forward and turns round fried dough twist and connect and adopt adhesive plaster to be wound around.
8. the quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, detonator (10) is connected with primacord (5) forward.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420788539.3U CN204594356U (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2014-12-12 | The quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420788539.3U CN204594356U (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2014-12-12 | The quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204594356U true CN204594356U (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420788539.3U Expired - Fee Related CN204594356U (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2014-12-12 | The quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106091853A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 何广沂 | Tunnel piercing cumulative smooth Hydraulic Blasting device and blasting method |
| CN106352749A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-01-25 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Drivage peripheral hole homoenergetic blasting method |
| CN114234748A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-25 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Underground coal mine deep hole blasting method |
-
2014
- 2014-12-12 CN CN201420788539.3U patent/CN204594356U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106091853A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 何广沂 | Tunnel piercing cumulative smooth Hydraulic Blasting device and blasting method |
| CN106352749A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-01-25 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Drivage peripheral hole homoenergetic blasting method |
| CN114234748A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-25 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Underground coal mine deep hole blasting method |
| CN114234748B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-03-28 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Underground coal mine deep hole blasting method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150826 Termination date: 20191212 |