CN205262309U - Compound undercutting blasting structure of big section of medium -length hole - Google Patents
Compound undercutting blasting structure of big section of medium -length hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN205262309U CN205262309U CN201520996797.5U CN201520996797U CN205262309U CN 205262309 U CN205262309 U CN 205262309U CN 201520996797 U CN201520996797 U CN 201520996797U CN 205262309 U CN205262309 U CN 205262309U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a compound undercutting blasting structure of big section of medium -length hole leans on down the position to be equipped with the major diameter emptying aperture of a perpendicular to face at the center of tunnel tunnelling face, is equipped with a plurality of cutting hole of drawing around being close to this major diameter emptying aperture, respectively draws central line that cutting hole used this major diameter emptying aperture and is the helix as the center and distributes, the length of respectively drawing cutting hole along the helix from interior outwards crescent, just draw cutting hole and be the strabismus that the inner end slopes to the central line of major diameter emptying aperture, a plurality of peripheral eyes and a plurality of bottom plate eye have been laid along the face outline on tunnel tunnelling face for one row of reliever at peripheral eye and draw and be equipped with two rows of relievers between the cutting hole, has been laid drawing to the profile of face behind the controlled blasting between cutting hole and the bottom plate eye, it all is equipped with water bag, explosive and detonator to draw cutting hole, reliever, peripheral eye and bottom plate intraocular. The utility model discloses it is fast to have reduced the blasting shake, has reduced blast charging volume and workman's amount of labour, few to country rock damage on every side simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to Underground Engineering Blasting technology, is specifically related to the compound Cut Blasting structure of the large section of a kind of medium-length hole.
Background technology
At present, adopt its slotting form of tunnel of full-face blast driving to mainly contain two kinds: shear and inclination slotting. Hang downThe shortcoming of straight slotting is that spacing, jewel hole quality and the powder charge to snubber requires strictly, is difficult for grasping the borehole of required slottingNumber and explosive consumption are on the high side, and slotting volume is little etc., is applicable to the tunnel that Blasting Excavation cross dimensions is less; Inclination slottingDue to snubber and face oblique, therefore slotting is reliable, to boring required precision not high, operate fairly simple,The most common in the larger-size tunnel of Blasting Excavation, wherein use the most extensive with V-cut form again.
Adopt the tunnel of full-face blast excavation, when snubber adopts the vertical wedge cut arranged in form in inclination cutting methodTime, its blasting process is as follows: first, all snubbers all adopt same section millisecond delay cap to ignite, i.e. all slottingsEye detonates simultaneously; Subsequently, adopt same section millisecond delay cap to detonate near the reliever of snubber, re-use same sectionPosition millisecond delay cap detonates near the residue reliever of periphery hole; Finally, adopt same section millisecond delay cap to detonate weekLimit eye and base plate eye. While driving due to Tunnel Blasting, only has a scope of freedom (free face), i.e. driving face, clamping actionGreatly, so while carrying out explosion design, under normal circumstances, the snubber single hole explosive payload of detonating is at first with reliever and the periphery (endPlate) to compare be also maximum to eye, the snubber that same time detonating charge amount is maximum will cause explosion to tunnel perimeter structuresVibrations cause major injury to country rock.
In recent years, from the angle of energy saving economy environmental protection, invented the blasting method of a kind of novel tunnel driving, " energy-conservationEnvironmental protection hydraulic pressure demolition ". Energy-conserving and environment-protective hydraulic pressure demolition compared with conventional blasting method method, borehole distribution, slotting form, blasthole number,Six aspects such as hole length, firing order and burst time interval and conventional blasting method striking resemblances are only at hydraulic pressure demolitionIn borehole, increase water bag and stemming, only changed the charge constitution of borehole. Due to advantage " three raisings one of hydraulic pressure demolitionProtection " known by bursting work related personnel, so many tunnels by Blasting Excavation have all adopted the method. But this aspectDo not consider impact explosion being produced as the change of slotting form etc.
Therefore, be necessary to develop the compound Cut Blasting structure of the large section of a kind of new medium-length hole.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide the compound Cut Blasting structure of the large section of a kind of medium-length hole, to improve explosive utilization rate,Reduce workman and be drilled with borehole operation working time, and reduce noise of blasting and vibrations.
The compound Cut Blasting structure of the large section of medium-length hole described in the utility model, in the position on the lower, center of tunnel piercing faceInstall a major diameter emptying aperture perpendicular to face, be provided with some snubbers near around this major diameter emptying aperture, eachSnubber is helix and distributes centered by the center line of this major diameter emptying aperture, and the length of each snubber is along helix from introversionIncrease gradually outward, and described snubber is the strabismus that inner end tilts to the center line of major diameter emptying aperture;
On tunnel piercing face, be laid with some periphery holes and some base plate eyes along face outline, for controlled blastingThe profile of rear face is provided with two row's relievers between periphery hole and snubber, between snubber and base plate eye, is laid withOne row's reliever;
Described snubber, reliever, periphery hole and base plate intraocular are equipped with the detonator of water bag, explosive and energy ignition charge.
Described snubber is interior from an inner water-saving bag, some joint explosives and detonator, the water-saving bag of being outwards provided with successively;
Described reliever is interior from an inner water-saving bag, some joint explosives and detonator, two water-saving bags of being outwards provided with successively;
Described base plate intraocular is from an inner water-saving bag, some joint explosives and detonator, three water-saving bags of being outwards provided with successively;
Described periphery hole is interior from an inner water-saving bag, some joint explosives and detonator, two water-saving bags of being outwards provided with successively.
The length of described reliever, base plate eye, periphery hole and major diameter emptying aperture is L,
The length sum of the some joint explosives in described reliever is about 2/3L;
The length sum of some joint explosives of described base plate intraocular is about 1/3L;
The length sum of the some joint explosives in described periphery hole is about 1/5L～1/4L.
The quantity of described snubber is 4～8, and be positioned at helix the snubber of inner side along on major diameter emptying aperture center lineProjected length is about L/2, and wherein, L is the length of major diameter emptying aperture; Be positioned at the outermost snubber of helix along major diameter skyProjected length on centerline hole is about L, and the inner end of each snubber is equal to large straight to the distance of the center line of major diameter emptying apertureThe diameter D1 of footpath emptying aperture.
Described detonator adopts ms postpone Nonel detonator.
The beneficial effects of the utility model: due to the broken swollen property after country rock explosion, utilize major diameter emptying aperture to draw for first detonatesSlotted eyes provides the scope of freedom (free face) and compensation space, has reduced explosion shake speed. Because each snubber is all to favour the palmSub-face, and axis direction is all partial to the center line of major diameter emptying aperture, therefore its blast throwing effect is stronger than shear version,Adopt millisecond delay cap can ensure that each borehole detonates successively in order. After first snubber detonates, first snubberWith country rock between major diameter emptying aperture just by throwing out, thereby provide country rock explosion compensation after detonating for second snubberSpace, by that analogy, when all snubbers all explosion complete after, just form a very large vallecular cavity at face, this is for auxiliaryEye detonates the good scope of freedom is provided, and at the moment, the rock of explosion all will be to this side of face for last explosion periphery hole and base plateAvalanche, thereby the explosive consumption of each periphery hole and base plate eye is also few than conventional hydraulic pressure demolition mode, has reduced noise of blastingAnd vibrations, and very little to the damage of country rock. In addition, the utility model is not high to the required precision of boring, reduces workman and is drilled withBorehole operation working time.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the dissimilar blashole charge of the utility model borehole blasting;
Fig. 3 arranges partial sectional view along snubber corresponding to G-G line in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment also by reference to the accompanying drawings, the utility model is described in further detail:
The compound Cut Blasting structure of section as large in the medium-length hole of Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, in the position on the lower, center of tunnel piercing faceBe provided with a major diameter emptying aperture 1 perpendicular to face, be provided with 4～8 snubbers near around this major diameter emptying aperture 12 (being the hole being connected by dotted line A in Fig. 1), if the number of snubber 2 is less than 4, illustrate major diameter emptying aperture 1Diameter D1 is excessive; If the number of snubber 2 more than 8, illustrates that the diameter D1 of major diameter emptying aperture 1 is too small, need to increaseThe diameter D1 of dilated diameter emptying aperture 1 (also can adopt two and above major diameter emptying aperture as primary blasting compensation space). Respectively drawSlotted eyes 2 centered by the center line of this major diameter emptying aperture 1, be helix distribute, the length of each snubber 2 along helix fromInside outwards increase gradually, and be positioned at helix inner side snubber 2 along the projected length on major diameter emptying aperture 1 center line approximatelyFor L/2, wherein, L is the length of major diameter emptying aperture 1; Be arranged in the outermost snubber 2 of helix along major diameter emptying aperture 1Projected length on heart line is about L. Snubber 2 is the strabismus that inner end tilts to the center line of major diameter emptying aperture 1, and each slottingThe inner end of eye 2 is equal to the diameter D1 of major diameter emptying aperture 1 to the distance of the center line of major diameter emptying aperture 1.
On tunnel piercing face, being laid with some uniform periphery holes 4 along face outline (is to be connected by solid line D in Fig. 1The hole connecing) with some uniform base plate eyes 5 (being the hole being connected by solid line F in Fig. 1), for face after controlled blastingProfile is provided with two row's relievers 3 (being the hole being connected by solid line B and solid line C in Fig. 1) between periphery hole 4 and snubber 2,Between snubber 2 and base plate eye 5, be laid with row's reliever 3 (being the hole being connected by solid line E in Fig. 1). Snubber 2,The detonator that is equipped with water bag, explosive and energy ignition charge in reliever 3, periphery hole 4 and base plate eye 5, this detonator adoptsMs postpone Nonel detonator.
As shown in Figure 2, snubber 2 is interior from the inner thunder that is outwards provided with successively a water-saving bag, some joint explosives and energy ignition chargePipe, a water-saving bag, install and stop up with stemming afterwards. Reliever 3 is interior from an inner water-saving bag, the some joint explosives of being outwards provided with successivelyAnd detonator, two water-saving bags that can ignition charge, install and stop up with stemming afterwards. Base plate eye 5 is interior from the inner joint that is outwards provided with successivelyWater bag, some joint explosives and detonator, three water-saving bags that can ignition charge, install and stop up with stemming afterwards. Periphery hole 4 is interior from innerOutwards be provided with successively a water-saving bag, some joint explosives and detonator, two water-saving bags that can ignition charge, install and stop up with stemming afterwards.
As shown in Figure 2, the length of reliever 3, periphery hole 4, base plate eye 5 and major diameter emptying aperture 1 is L; Reliever 3The length sum of interior some joint explosives is about 2/3L; The length sum of the some joint explosives in base plate eye 5 is about 1/3L; WeekThe length sum of the some joint explosives in limit eye 4 is about 1/5L～1/4L.
The blasting method of the compound Cut Blasting structure of the large section of medium-length hole described in the utility model, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, laying major diameter emptying aperture and borehole:
At tunnel piercing face center, a major diameter emptying aperture 1 perpendicular to face is laid in position on the lower, straight greatly near thisThe surrounding of footpath emptying aperture 1 is laid with 4～8 snubbers 2, and each snubber 2 is centered by the center line of this major diameter emptying aperture 1Helix distributes, and the length of each snubber 2 from inside to outside increases gradually along helix, and snubber 2 is that inner end is to large straightThe strabismus that the center line of footpath emptying aperture 1 tilts is laid with some periphery holes 4 along face outline on tunnel piercing faceWith some base plate eyes 5, for the profile of face after controlled blasting, between periphery hole 4 and snubber 2, be provided with two rows auxiliaryEye 3 is laid with row's reliever 3 between snubber 2 and base plate eye 5.
When boring, first at tunnel piercing face center, position utilizes hidden hole drilling to be drilled with one perpendicular to face diameter on the lowerFor D1, the major diameter emptying aperture 1 that length is L. Then line centered by major diameter emptying aperture 1 axis, according to face country rock gradeClassification, searches its broken swollen COEFFICIENT K. The distance of the outer end of first snubber 2 being drilled with and the center line of major diameter emptying aperture 1R1 need offer the required compensation space of first snubber 2 explosions according to K value and major diameter emptying aperture 1 and calculate out, conventionallyR1 value is 1.5D1～2D1, and wherein D1 is the diameter of major diameter emptying aperture 1. After first snubber 2 detonates, firstCountry rock between snubber 2 and major diameter emptying aperture 1 by explosion out, forms a new free face and vallecular cavity, then according to rockThe compensating space in blasting that the broken swollen COEFFICIENT K of stone and new free face provide is determined second snubber 2 and major diameter emptying aperture 1The distance R 2 of center line, R2 value is 2D1～2.5D1 conventionally; By that analogy, determine the 3rd snubber 2, the 4thSnubber 2 ..., to the last the inner end of a snubber 2 is to projection and the major diameter sky of the center line of major diameter emptying aperture 1The length L in hole 1 is equally long.
Step 2, filling explosive:
As shown in Figure 2, in each snubber 2, pack successively from the inside to surface a water-saving bag, some joint explosives and detonator, a joint intoWater bag, and stop up with stemming; The snubber 2 employing extensions that first detonates are the detonator of 1 section, second slotting of detonatingEye 2 employing extensions are the detonator of 2 sections, analogize in proper order.
As shown in Figure 2, in each reliever 3, pack successively from the inside to surface a water-saving bag, some joint explosives and detonator, two joints intoWater bag, and stop up with stemming; The length sum of the some joint explosives in reliever 3 is about 2/3L; Utilize ms postpone to lead quick-friedThe different sections of pipe detonator detonate reliever 3 at twice, first detonate, near week near each reliever 3 of snubber 2 sidesAfter each reliever 3 of limit eye 4 sides, detonate. The arrangement that the laying mode of reliever 3 and the blasting procedure conventionally adopting adoptBasically identical, after each snubber 2 has detonated, for reliever 3 explosions provide good free face, therefore reliever 3Explosive payload is fewer than the reliever explosive payload in common hydraulic pressure demolition mode.
As shown in Figure 2, in each base plate eye 5, pack successively from the inside to surface a water-saving bag, some joint explosives and detonator, three joints intoWater bag, and stop up with stemming; The length sum of the some joint explosives in base plate eye 5 is about 1/3L. In each periphery hole 4 fromIn to packing successively a water-saving bag, some joint explosives and detonator, two water-saving bags outward into, and stop up with stemming; In periphery hole 4The length sum of some joint explosives is about 1/5L～1/4L. Each base plate eye 5 and each periphery hole 4 adopt same section ms postponeNonel detonator can detonate at detonated rear each base plate eye 5 and each periphery hole 4 of all relievers 3 guaranteeing simultaneously.
Step 3, line, confirm after errorless to detonate:
First each snubber 2 is from inside to outside pressed to millisecond time by hole explosion along helix, if taking 7 snubbers 2 as example,The order of detonating is a1 → a2 → a3 → a4 → a5 → a6 → a7, after 7 snubbers 2 have detonated one by one, just at the driving palmOn sub-face, form a large vallecular cavity. After each snubber 2 has all detonated, each reliever 3 is detonated at twice, lean onEach reliever 3 (hole being connected by solid line B and the hole being connected by solid line E) of nearly snubber 2 sides first detonates, near peripheryAfter each reliever 3 (hole being connected by solid line C) of eye 4 sides, detonate. After all relievers 3 have detonated, then rise simultaneouslyQuick-fried each base plate eye 5 and each periphery hole 4.
Claims (5)
1. the compound Cut Blasting structure of the large section of medium-length hole, is characterized in that: at the center of tunnel piercing face on the lowerPosition is provided with the major diameter emptying aperture (1) perpendicular to face, is being provided with some slottings near around this major diameter emptying aperture (1)Eye (2), each snubber (2) is helix and distributes centered by the center line of this major diameter emptying aperture (1), each snubber (2)Length from inside to outside increase gradually along helix, and described snubber (2) is that inner end is in major diameter emptying aperture (1)The strabismus that heart line tilts;
On tunnel piercing face, be laid with some periphery holes (4) and some base plate eyes (5) along face outline, forThe profile of face after controlled blasting is provided with two row's relievers (3) between periphery hole (4) and snubber (2), is drawingBetween slotted eyes (2) and base plate eye (5), be laid with row's reliever (3);
In described snubber (2), reliever (3), periphery hole (4) and base plate eye (5), be equipped with water bag, explosive withAnd the detonator of energy ignition charge.
2. the compound Cut Blasting structure of the large section of medium-length hole according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described snubber (2) is interior from an inner water-saving bag, some joint explosives and detonator, the water-saving bag of being outwards provided with successively;
Described reliever (3) is interior from an inner water-saving bag, some joint explosives and detonator, two water-saving bags of being outwards provided with successively;
Described base plate eye (5) is interior from an inner water-saving bag, some joint explosives and detonator, three water-saving bags of being outwards provided with successively;
Described periphery hole (4) is interior from an inner water-saving bag, some joint explosives and detonator, two water-saving bags of being outwards provided with successively.
3. the compound Cut Blasting structure of the large section of medium-length hole according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described auxiliaryHelp the length of eye (3), base plate eye (5), periphery hole (4) and major diameter emptying aperture (1) to be L,
The length sum of the some joint explosives in described reliever (3) is about 2/3L;
The length sum of the some joint explosives in described base plate eye (5) is about 1/3L;
The length sum of the some joint explosives in described periphery hole (4) is about 1/5L～1/4L.
4. the compound Cut Blasting structure of the large section of medium-length hole according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described in drawThe quantity of slotted eyes (2) is 4～8, and be positioned at helix the snubber (2) of inner side along major diameter emptying aperture (1) centerProjected length on line is about L/2, and wherein, L is the length of major diameter emptying aperture (1); Be positioned at the outermost slotting of helixEye (2) is about L along the projected length on major diameter emptying aperture (1) center line, and the inner end of each snubber (2) is to major diameterThe distance of the center line of emptying aperture (1) is equal to the diameter D1 of major diameter emptying aperture (1).
5. the compound Cut Blasting structure of the large section of medium-length hole according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described thunderPipe adopts ms postpone Nonel detonator.
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| CN201520996797.5U CN205262309U (en) | 2015-12-03 | 2015-12-03 | Compound undercutting blasting structure of big section of medium -length hole |
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| CN201520996797.5U CN205262309U (en) | 2015-12-03 | 2015-12-03 | Compound undercutting blasting structure of big section of medium -length hole |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105333778A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-02-17 | 北车建设工程有限责任公司 | Medium-deep hole large-section composite cut blasting structure and method |
| CN106522962A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-22 | 西安科技大学 | Tunneling method |
| CN106545344A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-03-29 | 中南大学 | A kind of Karst area tunnel wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method |
| CN109443117A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-03-08 | 远安县燎原矿业有限责任公司 | A kind of technique of no slotting Deep-space navigation |
| CN109539913A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-29 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Arrangement method of spiral cut hole for access filling mining |
| CN111928746A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-11-13 | 甘肃路桥建设集团有限公司 | Energy-concerving and environment-protective digital detonator water pressure blasting loaded constitution in tunnel |
| CN112254598A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-22 | 重庆大学 | Hard rock large-section trolley tunneling control blasting method |
| CN113203330A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-08-03 | 山东科技大学 | One-time detonation method for large-section tunnel |
| CN114705093A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-07-05 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Tunnel drilling layout method for fine blasting control |
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- 2015-12-03 CN CN201520996797.5U patent/CN205262309U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105333778A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-02-17 | 北车建设工程有限责任公司 | Medium-deep hole large-section composite cut blasting structure and method |
| WO2017092306A1 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-08 | 中车建设工程有限公司 | Medium-length hole large cross-section composite cut blasting structure and method |
| CN106522962A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-22 | 西安科技大学 | Tunneling method |
| CN106545344A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-03-29 | 中南大学 | A kind of Karst area tunnel wall-hanging country rock face blast excavation method |
| CN109443117A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-03-08 | 远安县燎原矿业有限责任公司 | A kind of technique of no slotting Deep-space navigation |
| CN109539913A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-29 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Arrangement method of spiral cut hole for access filling mining |
| CN111928746A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-11-13 | 甘肃路桥建设集团有限公司 | Energy-concerving and environment-protective digital detonator water pressure blasting loaded constitution in tunnel |
| CN112254598A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-22 | 重庆大学 | Hard rock large-section trolley tunneling control blasting method |
| CN113203330A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-08-03 | 山东科技大学 | One-time detonation method for large-section tunnel |
| CN114705093A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-07-05 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Tunnel drilling layout method for fine blasting control |
| CN114705093B (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-08-25 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Tunnel drilling layout method for fine blasting control |
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