CN103557756A - Advanced adit hole-by-hole delayed blasting network in tunnel blasting - Google Patents
Advanced adit hole-by-hole delayed blasting network in tunnel blasting Download PDFInfo
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- CN103557756A CN103557756A CN201310537600.7A CN201310537600A CN103557756A CN 103557756 A CN103557756 A CN 103557756A CN 201310537600 A CN201310537600 A CN 201310537600A CN 103557756 A CN103557756 A CN 103557756A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an advanced adit hole-by-hole delayed blasting network in tunnel blasting. The network is characterized in that blasting excavation is performed by using a three-step method for an underground excavated metro interval tunnel; longitudinal excavation is performed along the tunnel to form an upper step, a middle step and a lower step in sequence; the excavation of the upper step is performed by prearranging each external contour overhead hole at equal intervals along the upper arch of an excavation contour line of the upper step; an advanced adit is arranged at the bottom; a central blast hole is positioned in the geometric center of the advanced adit; four central overhead holes are prearranged at the positions of four vertexes of a square ring with the central blast hole as the center; the advanced adit and an upper step expanded excavation region are blasted at two steps; the advanced adit hole-by-hole delayed blasting network is arranged in the way that each layer of expanded slot blast holes is arranged at the periphery of the central blast hole at intervals from near to far away from the central blast hole; the first layer of expanded slot blast holes are crosswise distributed at the periphery of the central blast hole and form the square ring together with four central overhead holes. The detonation explosive load of the same section is greatly reduced by using hole-by-hole delayed blasting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Blasting Control shock-dampening method, more specifically say under wear historical relic's protection building tunnel and implement the shock-absorbing control method that adopts in explosion, be to be to reduce the infringement that concussion of blasting ill-effect is built ground literary composition guarantor.
Background technology
Flourish along with China's city underground, adopts drill bursting construction to pass through the subway engineering in bustling location, city more and more, and some cities also have a large amount of national historical relic's protection buildings.The vibrations ill-effect that explosion produces likely jeopardizes Adjacent Buildings, particularly historical relic's protection building of the remote past.How effectively controlled blasting vibrations ill-effect, ensures the safety of historical relic's protection building and constructs and carry out smoothly, has become a current employing drill bursting construction city underground project important topic urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Qingdao is as national historical cultural city; historical and cultural heritage is very abundant; preserved and take in a large number the outstanding historical remnants that ancient buildings that moral builds the period of accounting for is representative; wherein by subway first stage of the project civil engineering location, Qingdao City of undertaking the construction of for four innings of iron be distributed with more national, provincial level and city-level major cultural relic protection building, history is all about 100 years.During Subway Tunnel blast working, effectively ill-effect is vibrated in controlled blasting, ensures the safety of these non-renewable historical and cultural heritages.
According to < < Qingdao City subway first stage of the project (No. 3 lines) civil engineering 01 bid section building on-site investigation assessment report > > and < < Qingdao City subway first stage of the project (No. 3 lines) civil engineering 01 bid section, pass through the special demonstration meeting of landmark expert opinion > >, the safe permissible value of suggestion vibration velocity should be controlled at and be not more than 0.5cm/s.
In engineering explosion; single glissando is existing a lot, but in the situation that adopting single glissando, in protected point and burst region when at 20m; measuring point Blasting Vibration Velocity is at 2～5cm/s, and this obviously can not meet the control requirement of 0.5cm/s far away.Reducing single hop explosive charge and dwindling each excavation drilling depth etc. is all that to extend the duration be cost.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for avoiding the existing weak point of above-mentioned prior art; provide in a kind of Tunnel Blasting pilot heading by hole delayed ignition network; to wear literary composition guarantor construction section Explosive Vibrating Velocity under guaranteeing, meet related request, reliably protecting historical relic's protection building is not impaired, ensures construction speed.
The present invention is that technical solution problem adopts following technical scheme:
In Tunnel Blasting of the present invention, pilot heading by the feature of hole delayed ignition network is:
For under wear the tunneling subway sectional tunnel that building protected in ancient Chinese prose, adopt three benching tunnelling methods to bore to pop and dig, along tunnel longitudinally excavation form successively top bar, middle step and getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation; Excavation for the region of topping bar is first along equidistant preset each gabarit of arch of the excavation contour line of topping bar, to face emptying aperture; Bottom in the described region of topping bar arranges pilot heading, and big gun hole, center is positioned at the geometric center of described pilot heading, and preset Si Ge faces at center emptying aperture and divides four vertex position places that are in the Q-RING centered by big gun hole, described center; Described pilot heading is distinguished two separate explosions with topping bar to dig, and pilot heading is ahead of and tops bar that to dig district's face be 1.0～2.0 meters, described in top bar and dig district's face and be set to reverse 5: 1 domatic.
Pilot heading is set by hole delayed ignition network, its be in the periphery in big gun hole, described center, interval near and far, distance center big gun hole arranges each layer of expansion groove big gun hole; The periphery that ground floor expands big gun hole, Cao Baokong center is cross distribution, and faces emptying aperture with described Si Ge center and jointly form Q-RING.
In Tunnel Blasting of the present invention, pilot heading is also by the feature of hole delayed ignition network:
Big gun hole, described pilot heading Zhong center and each layer of expansion groove big gun hole are divided into left field, right side area and lower area by region; And ground floor expands groove big gun hole and is in lower area; In described each region, in the hole of the same area, detonator section is not different, to realize hole-by-hole initiation in the same area.
For described left field, right side area and lower area, arrange respectively that left field outreaches detonator, right side area outreaches detonator and lower area outreaches detonator, described left field outreaches detonator, right side area and outreaches detonator and lower area and outreach that detonator is arranged in parallel and connect setting with pilot heading detonating primer; Described left field outreaches detonator, right side area and outreaches detonator and lower area to outreach detonator section not different, to realize big gun hole, all Bao Kongzi of pilot heading center, plays from inside to outside successively hole-by-hole initiation.
In Tunnel Blasting of the present invention, pilot heading is also by the feature of hole delayed ignition network:
The aperture that described gabarit is faced emptying aperture is 40～42 millimeters, and circumferential distance is 0.5 meter, and longitudinal pitch is 5 meters; The aperture that emptying aperture is faced at described center is 90～108 millimeters, and longitudinal pitch is 10～15 meters.
Described pilot heading departs from 0.5 meter of tunnel structure position of center line, and is in the excavated section bottom away from a side of protected building.
In addition, also can arrange and dig the inside and outside associating time delay subregion millisecond detonating network in hole, district, it is that described topping bar digged to district and be divided into by upper, middle and lower and left and right structure: minute be in left inside region and the Right Inboard region of pilot heading both sides, minute be in to top bar and dig the right lateral left side central portion of Qu Zuo region, left side lower area, right side central region and lower right side region; And minute be in to top bar and dig left upper portion region and the right upper portion region of the left and right sides, top, district; In described each region, in two to four adjacent big gun holes, adopt the other detonator of same section to form simultaneous initiation section, between different simultaneous initiation sections, adopt not other detonator of section to detonate piecemeal.
For left inside region and other inside region of Right Inboard region division same section, outreach detonator, for left side lower area and other lower area of lower right side region division same section, outreach detonator, for left side central portion region and other central region of right side central region division same section, outreach detonator, and upper area and other upper area of right upper portion region division same section outreach detonator for a left side; Described inside region outreaches detonator and lower area and outreaches detonator and be arranged in parallel as digging district and outreach detonator, dig district's detonating capsule, dig district and outreach detonator, central region and outreach detonator and upper area and outreach the detonator setting of connecting successively, realize subregion millisecond detonating.
For being in to top bar, dig each simultaneous initiation section in the zones of different of district's outermost, realize the millisecond detonating between each simultaneous initiation section.
The enforcement of the comprehensive glissando of the present invention, is controlled at Blasting Vibration Velocity within the scope of safety requirements reliably, and compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, in the inventive method, adopt three benching tunnelling methods to bore to pop and dig, by partial excavation, the priority control Blasting Excavation of topping bar, has reduced explosion total charge.
2, in the inventive method, pilot heading is distinguished two separate explosions with topping bar to dig, the interior She Sige of pilot heading faces emptying aperture in center and forms preset free face, and implement by hole delayed ignition, play vibration damping and fall the effect of shaking, for topping bar, dig again district's explosion and created free face simultaneously; Pilot heading is distinguished inferior detonating with digging, and has reduced short-delay blasting interference, through verification experimental verification explosion, to surrounding building, causes vibration influence minimum.
3, in the inventive method, pilot heading departs from tunnel structure center line; and pilot tunnel is arranged on to excavated section bottom; increased as far as possible quick-fried source to literary composition and protected the distance between building, what explosion was caused is down to minimum to protection thing ground vibration energy transmission value as far as possible.
4, in the inventive method, top bar and dig district's face to be arranged to reverse 5:1 domatic, effectively reduce the impact of face rock clamping action, increased free face, reduce the casting distance of hole slag after explosion.
5, the inventive method China and foreign countries profile becomes the preset emptying aperture that faces, and after detonating, blasting energy is transmitted by excavated section inner ring to periphery, through periphery emptying aperture, absorbs, and effectively reduces the transmission of protecting building oriented energy after rock blasting along literary composition.
6, in the inventive method, for the preset Si Ge of pilot heading center, face emptying aperture, make slotting process cushioning effect remarkable.
7, in the inventive method, arranging of the inside and outside associating in pilot heading non-electric ms detonator hole delayed ignition network realized by hole delayed ignition, simultaneously the detonate traditional mode of V-cut of big gun hole, 6～8, the district of slotting is in the past adjusted in this example to 28 big gun holes by the mode of hole delayed ignition, the pilot heading of 1.8 meters * 1.8 meters is slotting district, the excavation area that has increased slotting district greatly reduces the explosive payload that same section detonates simultaneously.
8, in the inventive method, dig the setting of the inside and outside associating in non-electric ms detonator hole, district delayed ignition network, having realized tops bar digs subregion millisecond detonating.Top bar and dig 8 regions that zoning is divided into left and right almost symmetry, in each region, arrange 16-30 borehole, in the same area, 2-4 big gun hole adopts with section powder charge, firing order from inside to outside, from bottom to top, symmetrical, by associating time delay outside Nei, hole, non-electric ms detonator hole, 156 the big gun holes of topping bar are divided into 56 sections of detonating and do not realize subregion millisecond detonating, and traditional tunnel photoface exploision and controlled blasting technology are used and extended, and Explosive Vibrating Velocity is met the requirements.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the present invention's three bench cut method schematic diagrames;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of topping bar in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is pilot tunnel big gun hole layout drawing in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is pilot heading initiation net schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 digs district's initiation net design drawing for topping bar;
Number in the figure: 11 top bar, step in 12,13 get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, and 14 top bar digs district's face; 20 pilot headings, 21 protected buildings, 22 gabarits are faced emptying aperture, 23 tunnel structure center lines, 24 excavation contour lines of topping bar, 25 top bar digs district, the discrepancy in elevation between the ground that V is protected building and tunnel vault, the minimum range between the ground that H is protected building and tunnel excavation outline line; Big gun hole, the large emptying aperture ，31 of 30 pilot heading center, 32 ground floors expand groove big gun hole, and 33 second layers expand groove big gun hole, and 34 the 3rd layers are expanded groove big gun hole, and 35 the 4th layers are expanded groove big gun hole; 40 pilot heading detonating primers, 41 lower areas outreach that detonator, 42 left field outreach detonator, 43 right side area outreach detonator, 44 lower areas, 45 left field, 46 right side area; 501 left inside region, 502 Right Inboard regions, 503 left side lower areas, 504 lower right side regions, 505 left side central portion regions, 506 right side central regions, 507 left upper portion regions, 508 right upper portion regions, 509 dig district's detonating capsule, 510 inside region outreach detonator, 511 lower areas outreach detonator, and 512 central region outreach detonator, 513 upper areas outreach detonator.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, in the present embodiment under wear the comprehensive shock-dampening method of implementation of blasting that building tunnel protected in literary composition: be under wear the tunneling subway sectional tunnel that building protected in ancient Chinese prose, adopt three benching tunnelling methods to bore to pop and dig, along tunnel longitudinally excavation form successively and top bar 11, middle step 12 and get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation 13.V shown in Fig. 1 is the discrepancy in elevation between the ground of protected building and tunnel vault, the minimum range between the ground that H is protected building and tunnel excavation outline line, and in the present embodiment, V value is 1.5 meters, H value is 16.3 meters.In the present embodiment, adopt three step partial excavation methods, between three steps, longitudinally the degree of depth spaces out, and after completing the Blasting Excavation of topping bar, for middle step and the explosion of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, can not cause too large impact to ground protection building.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, for the excavation in the region of topping bar be first along the arch of 11 the excavation contour line 24 of topping bar equidistantly preset each gabarit face emptying aperture 22 to form preset free face, to reduce burden, damper; The geometric center that big gun hole, pilot heading 20， center 31 is positioned at pilot heading 20 is set in the bottom in the region of topping bar, and preset Si Ge faces at center four vertex position places that emptying aperture is in the Q-RING centered by big gun hole, center 31 for 30 minutes; Pilot heading 20 digs district 25 explosion at twice with topping bar, and pilot heading 20 is ahead of and tops bar that to dig district's face 14 be 1.0～2.0 meters, tops bar to dig district's face 14 and be set to reverse 5: 1 domatic.
In concrete enforcement, the aperture that gabarit is faced emptying aperture 22 is 40-42 millimeter, and circumferential distance is 0.5 meter, and longitudinal pitch is 5 meters; The aperture that emptying aperture 30 is faced at center is 90～108 millimeters, and longitudinal pitch is 10～15 meters; Pilot heading 20 departs from 0.5 meter of tunnel structure center line 23 position, and is in the excavated section bottom away from a side of protected building 21, and to increase as far as possible the distance between the object of protection of quick-fried source to ground, the impact that distance object of protection far away is subject to is less.
Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, pilot heading is set and by periphery, 31 intervals near and far, distance center big gun hole in big gun hole, delayed ignition network ，Qi Shi center, hole 31, each layer of expansion groove big gun hole is set; The periphery that ground floor expands big gun hole, Cao Baokong center 31 is cross distribution, and the common Q-RING that forms of emptying aperture 30 is faced at Yu Sige center.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, big gun hole, pilot heading 20Zhong center and each layer of expansion groove big gun hole are divided into left field 45, right side area 46 and lower area 44 by region; And ground floor expands groove big gun hole and is in lower area 44; In each region, in the hole of the same area, detonator section is not different, to realize hole-by-hole initiation in the same area.
For left field 45, right side area 46 and lower area 44, arrange respectively that left field outreaches detonator 42, right side area outreaches detonator 43 and lower area outreaches detonator 41, left field outreaches detonator 42, right side area and outreaches detonator 43 and lower area and outreach that detonator 41 is arranged in parallel and connect setting with pilot heading detonating primer 40; Left field outreaches detonator 42, right side area and outreaches detonator 43 and lower area to outreach 41 sections, detonator not different, to realize big gun hole, all Bao Kongzi of pilot heading center, plays from inside to outside successively hole-by-hole initiation.
Referring to Fig. 5, setting digs the inside and outside associating time delay subregion millisecond detonating network in hole, district, it is by topping bar, to dig district 25 to be divided into by upper, middle and lower and left and right structure: divide the left inside region 501 and the Right Inboard region 502 that are in pilot heading both sides, divide to be in to top bar to dig left right lateral left side central portion region, district 25 505, left side lower area 503, right side central region 506 and lower right side region 504; And minute be in to top bar and dig left upper portion region 507 and the right upper portion region 508 of 25 left and right sides, top, district; In each region, in two to four adjacent big gun holes, adopt the other detonator of same section to form simultaneous initiation section, between different simultaneous initiation sections, adopt not other detonator of section to detonate piecemeal.
As shown in Figure 5, for left inside region 501 and Right Inboard region 502, other inside region of same section is set and outreaches detonator 510, for left side lower area 503 and lower right side region 504, other lower area of same section is set and outreaches detonator 511, for left side central portion region 505 and right side central region 506, other central region of same section is set and outreaches detonator 512, and upper area 507 and right upper portion region 508 arrange other upper area of same section and outreach detonator 513 for a left side; Inside region outreaches detonator 510 and lower area and outreaches detonator 511 and be arranged in parallel as digging district and outreach detonator, dig district's detonating capsule 509, dig district and outreach detonator, central region and outreach detonator 512 and upper area and outreach detonator 513 setting of connecting successively, realize subregion millisecond detonating; For being in to top bar, dig each simultaneous initiation section in the zones of different of district's 25 outermost, realize the millisecond detonating between each simultaneous initiation section.
A1 shown in Fig. 5, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9, a10, a11, a12, a13, a14, a15, a16, a17, a18, the a19 section of being expressed as are not, wherein a1 refers to be 1 section of non-electric ms detonator, a19 refers to 19 sections of non-electric ms detonators, all the other the like.
In the present embodiment, time delay interval explosion can make seismic wave stack weaken, reach shock dropping requirement, the inside and outside associating time delay in non-electric ms detonator hole has accomplished that 28Ge Bao hole, slotting district is by hole millisecond detonating in the present embodiment, topping bar digs 156Ge Bao hole, district and divides and make 55 other millisecond detonatings of section, has greatly reduced Explosive Vibrating Velocity.The not several detonator of traditional controlled blasting limit section is modulated to and meets propellant grain calculation or the satisfactory hop count of vibration monitoring, increased greatly the scope that time delay is controlled.
The inventive method is particularly useful for hard rock, large section bored tunnel, and hard rock refers to that standard compression strength is greater than the rock of 60Mpa; Large section refers to that excavated section area is greater than 80m
3the interval bored tunnel of subway list hole two-wire of/m.
Claims (5)
1. in Tunnel Blasting, pilot heading, by hole delayed ignition network, is characterized in that:
For under wear the tunneling subway sectional tunnel that building protected in ancient Chinese prose, adopt three benching tunnelling methods to bore to pop and dig, along tunnel longitudinally excavation form successively top bar (11), middle step (12) and get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation (13); For the excavation in the region of topping bar be first along the arch of the excavation contour line (24) of top bar (11) equidistantly preset each gabarit face emptying aperture (22); Pilot heading (20) is set in the bottom in the described region of topping bar, big gun hole, center (31) is positioned at the geometric center of described pilot heading (20), and preset Si Ge faces at center four vertex position places that emptying aperture (30) minute is in the Q-RING centered by big gun hole, described center (31); Described pilot heading (20) digs district (25) explosion at twice with topping bar, and pilot heading (20) is ahead of tops bar that to dig district's face (14) be 1.0～2.0 meters, described in top bar and dig district's face (14) and be set to reverse 5: 1 domatic;
Pilot heading is set by hole delayed ignition network, its be in the periphery in big gun hole, described center (31), interval near and far, distance center big gun hole (31) arranges each layer of expansion groove big gun hole; The periphery that ground floor expands big gun hole, Cao Baokong center (31) is cross distribution, and faces emptying aperture (30) with described Si Ge center and jointly form Q-RING.
2. in Tunnel Blasting according to claim 1, pilot heading, by hole delayed ignition network, is characterized in that: big gun hole, described pilot heading (20) Zhong center and each layer of expansion groove big gun hole are divided into left field (45), right side area (46) and lower area (44) by region; And ground floor expands groove big gun hole and is in lower area (44); In described each region, in the hole of the same area, detonator section is not different, to realize hole-by-hole initiation in the same area.
In Tunnel Blasting according to claim 2 pilot heading by hole delayed ignition network, it is characterized in that: for described left field (45), right side area (46) and lower area (44), arrange respectively that left field outreaches detonator (42), right side area outreaches detonator (43) and lower area outreaches detonator (41), described left field outreaches detonator (42), right side area and outreaches detonator (43) and lower area and outreach that detonator (41) is arranged in parallel and connect setting with pilot heading detonating primer (40); Described left field outreaches detonator (42), right side area and outreaches detonator (43) and lower area to outreach detonator (41) section not different, to realize big gun hole, all Bao Kongzi of pilot heading center, plays from inside to outside successively hole-by-hole initiation.
4. in Tunnel Blasting according to claim 1, pilot heading, by hole delayed ignition network, is characterized in that: the aperture that described gabarit is faced emptying aperture (22) is 40～42 millimeters, and circumferential distance is 0.5 meter, and longitudinal pitch is 5 meters; The aperture that emptying aperture (30) is faced at described center is 90～108 millimeters, and longitudinal pitch is 10～15 meters.
In Tunnel Blasting according to claim 1 pilot heading by hole delayed ignition network; it is characterized in that: described pilot heading (20) departs from 0.5 meter of tunnel structure center line (23) position, and be in the excavated section bottom away from a side of protected building (21).
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104457466A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-25 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Explosion method of open-cut tunnel segment |
| CN104596372A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-06 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | Tunneling method for improving explosion driving rate and lowering explosion vibration |
| CN109236320A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-01-18 | 首钢滦南马城矿业有限责任公司 | A kind of underground chamber construction method |
| CN112964143A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-15 | 山东科技大学 | Three-time blasting method for hollow hole straight-hole cut |
| CN113203331A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-08-03 | 山东科技大学 | Two-time blasting method for large-section tunnel fracture surface |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104457466A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-25 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Explosion method of open-cut tunnel segment |
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| CN112964143A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-15 | 山东科技大学 | Three-time blasting method for hollow hole straight-hole cut |
| CN113203331A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-08-03 | 山东科技大学 | Two-time blasting method for large-section tunnel fracture surface |
| CN112964143B (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-09-21 | 山东科技大学 | Three-time blasting method for hollow hole straight-hole cut |
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| CN103557756B (en) | 2015-08-05 |
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