CN104406470B - Western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method - Google Patents
Western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104406470B CN104406470B CN201410557642.1A CN201410557642A CN104406470B CN 104406470 B CN104406470 B CN 104406470B CN 201410557642 A CN201410557642 A CN 201410557642A CN 104406470 B CN104406470 B CN 104406470B
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020004 porter Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004520 agglutination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method, reducing under the condition to the destruction of freezing pipe, can improve blasting efficiency.Described method comprises: around having freezed vertical center arrangement first group of keyhole, at first group of keyhole peripheral disposition, second group of keyhole, arranges that first lap main armament hole, the second circle main armament hole, the 3rd circle main armament hole are until complete tunneling boring steel for shot; First paragraph explosive and second segment explosive is installed in first group of keyhole; Conventional charge is carried out in second group of keyhole and main armament hole, second segment explosive-the second group keyhole-first lap main armament hole-the second circle main armament hole-three according to first paragraph explosive-the first group keyhole of first group of keyhole encloses main armament hole ... firing order, adopt ms postpone detonation mode to detonate, complete full face blasting.The present invention is applicable to western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of development blasting technology, particularly relate to a kind of western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method.
Background technology
In the western Cretaceous System bottom of China, because its stratum is mostly sand, argillaceous agglutination, loosely organized, hole agensis, crack Communicating is poor, in addition rock has the advantages that intensity is low, meet water softening argillization, the rock dust that rock crack has easily been softened under the effect of water and slurries when slip casting blocks, and significantly limit the range of scatter of slurries, grouting curtain can not be formed very well, thus make slip casting can not play good effect, do not reach the object of water shutoff.As can be seen here, when excavating vertical shaft in western Cretaceous strata, because of the particularity of other layers, when water yield is larger, general employing slip casting method poor effect, mostly adopts engineering with artificial freezing method sinking shaft to construct at present.
Engineering with artificial freezing method sinking shaft is the special construction method adopting artificial cooling technology temporarily to reinforce caving ground and isolated underground water; it is around the pit shaft that will dig, first form frost wall that is fluid-tight and opposing certain pressure, and carries out self well digging work safely under the protection of frost wall.In order to improve speed of application, reducing labor intensity, can drilling and blasting method be adopted.Because Frozen-soil Blasting is under subzero temperature condition, there is freezing pipe around pit shaft, so Frozen-soil Blasting is different from common rock section explosion, it requires under the condition of freezing pipe safety, improves blasting efficiency simultaneously.
Adopt drilling and blasting method when constructing, the impact that the damage effect of freezing pipe brings from concussion of blasting.
In order to improve blasting efficiency, realizing the rapid construction target that the moon enters more than 100m, needing to adopt more than 5m deep hole blasting technology.But realize more than 5m deep hole blasting, need larger Cut Blasting energy, and find based on early-stage Study, do not have the scope of freedom due to during keyhole explosion, the shock-effect of generation is maximum.Therefore, the vibrations disaster how weakening Cut Blasting is key problem in technology; Therefore, how to meet the damaging influence of vibrations to freezing pipe that rapid construction target weakens Cut Blasting simultaneously, be the problem to be solved in the present invention simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method, at minimizing concussion of blasting under the condition of the destruction of freezing pipe, can improve blasting efficiency.
For achieving the above object, embodiments of the invention adopt following technical scheme:
A kind of western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method, comprising:
Around the pre-explosion vertical center arrangement first group of keyhole freezed, at first group of keyhole peripheral disposition, second group of keyhole, centered by second group of keyhole, outwards arrange first lap main armament hole, the second circle main armament hole, the 3rd circle main armament hole successively ... until complete tunneling boring steel for shot;
In first group of keyhole, install first paragraph explosive and second segment explosive, between first paragraph explosive and second segment explosive with yellow stemming as blank medium;
Conventional charge is carried out in second group of keyhole and main armament hole, after yellow stemming sealing, second segment explosive-the second group keyhole-first lap main armament hole-the second circle main armament hole-three according to first paragraph explosive-the first group keyhole of first group of keyhole encloses main armament hole ... firing order, ms postpone detonation mode is adopted to detonate, complete full face blasting, realize the onepull driving of vertical.
Alternatively, the waste footpath of described pre-explosion vertical is greater than 10m.
Alternatively, the degree of depth in described keyhole and/or main armament hole is not less than 5m, and diameter is 60mm.
Alternatively, the explosive classification of employing is freeze proof emulsion or freeze proof aqueous gels, powder stick diameter 45mm.
Alternatively, detonating capsule is the long payment to a porter millisecond delay electric detonator of 7m.
Alternatively, in described first group of keyhole, the spacing of adjacent keyhole is 1.6 ~ 1.8m, and in second group of keyhole, the spacing of adjacent keyhole is 2.0 ~ 2.4m; 0.4-0.6m is spaced apart between first group of keyhole and second group of keyhole.
Alternatively, in first group of keyhole, install first paragraph explosive and second segment explosive, between first paragraph explosive and second segment explosive with yellow stemming as blank medium, yellow stemming length is not less than 0.5m, achieves broken charges powder charge.
Alternatively, the length of first paragraph explosive installed in described first group of keyhole and the length ratio of second segment explosive are 1 ~ 1.2.
Alternatively; two sections of explosives in described first group of keyhole adopt the 1st section and the 3rd section of millisecond delay electric detonator to detonate respectively; more than millisecond crushing blasting 20ms; achieve In-hole short delay explosion; complete when keyhole total charge is constant; by reducing single explosive quantity, reducing concussion of blasting effect, protecting the safety of freezing pipe.
Alternatively, the detonating capsule in described second group of keyhole is the 5th section of millisecond delay electric detonator, increases time delay, reduces the synergistic effect of Explosive stress wave, reduces concussion of blasting effect.
The western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, owing to adopting full face blasting, improves blasting efficiency; And slotting effect can be strengthened owing to there being the second group of keyhole carrying out auxiliary slotting first group of keyhole peripheral disposition, first paragraph explosive and second segment explosive is installed at least one keyhole in first group of keyhole, and enclose main armament hole according to second segment explosive-the second group keyhole-first lap main armament hole-the second circle main armament hole-three of first paragraph explosive-the first group keyhole of first group of keyhole ... firing order, ms postpone detonation mode is adopted to detonate, can concussion of blasting be alleviated like this, thus the destruction of concussion of blasting to freezing pipe can be reduced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the planar structure schematic diagram of pit shaft in major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method one embodiment of a kind of western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the explosive arrangement schematic diagram in Fig. 1 in first group of keyhole 1 and second group of keyhole 2;
Fig. 3 is the arrangement schematic diagram of first paragraph explosive 11 and second segment explosive 12 in first group of keyhole 1 in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, a kind of western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area of embodiment of the present invention major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method is described in detail.
Should be clear and definite, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the planar structure schematic diagram of pit shaft in the major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting embodiment of the method for a kind of western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the detailed description of the invention of a kind of western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area of the present invention major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method, comprises the steps:
S11, around the pre-explosion vertical center arrangement first group of keyhole 1 freezed, at first group of keyhole peripheral disposition, second group of keyhole 2, centered by second group of keyhole 2, outwards arrange that main armament hole 4, the 3rd circle main armament hole 5...... are enclosed until complete tunneling boring steel for shot in first lap main armament hole 3, second successively.
In the present embodiment, pre-explosion vertical is the major diameter vertical of western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area, and the waste footpath of pre-explosion vertical is greater than 10m.The waste footpath peripheral disposition of pre-explosion vertical has freezing pipe 6.
Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the degree of depth in described keyhole and/or main armament hole is not less than 5m, and diameter is 60mm.Alternatively, the hole depth of described first group of keyhole is 5m ~ 6m.The present invention is not limited thereto, the hole depth of first group of keyhole also can be greater than 5m, as being 5.5m or 6m.The hole depth of first group of keyhole is preferably 5m, while both can improving development blasting efficiency, can reduce single hole explosive payload again, the vibrations that controlled blasting preferably produces.
Alternatively, in described first group of keyhole, the spacing of adjacent keyhole is 1.6 ~ 1.8m, and in second group of keyhole, the spacing of adjacent keyhole is 2.0 ~ 2.4m; 0.4-0.6m is spaced apart between first group of keyhole and second group of keyhole.
Alternatively, in described second group of keyhole, each keyhole is perpendicular to ground, and the shock wave produced when being beneficial to second group of keyhole explosion is to being propagated by the free face formed after first group of keyhole explosion and forming larger space.
S12, in first group of keyhole 1, install first paragraph explosive 11 and second segment explosive 12, between first paragraph explosive 11 and second segment explosive 12 with yellow stemming as blank medium.
Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, between first paragraph explosive 11 and second segment explosive 12 with yellow stemming as blank medium, yellow stemming length is not less than 0.5m, achieves broken charges powder charge, prevents first paragraph from igniting second segment explosive, cannot produce subsection efect.When adopting yellow stemming as blank medium, too compacting should be avoided and occur that the situation that second segment explosive cannot be ignited occurs.
In first group of keyhole, install first paragraph explosive and second segment explosive, segmentation can be carried out and detonate, like this from blast initial stage just concussion of blasting is controlled at floor level.
Alternatively, the length of first paragraph explosive 11 installed in described first group of keyhole and the length ratio of second segment explosive 12 are 1 ~ 1.2, the concussion of blasting produced when being conducive to minimizing first group of keyhole explosion.
In order to improve blast hole utilization factor, the explosive classification that the explosive installed in described first group of keyhole adopts is freeze proof emulsion or freeze proof aqueous gels, powder stick diameter 45mm.
S13, in second group of keyhole and main armament hole, carry out conventional charge, after yellow stemming sealing, second segment explosive-the second group keyhole-first lap main armament hole-the second circle main armament hole-three according to first paragraph explosive-the first group keyhole of first group of keyhole encloses main armament hole ... firing order, ms postpone detonation mode is adopted to detonate, complete full face blasting, realize the onepull driving of vertical.
In the present embodiment, the explosive filled in second group of keyhole and main armament hole is preferably above-mentioned freeze proof emulsion or freeze proof aqueous gels.Detonating capsule is the long payment to a porter millisecond delay electric detonator of 7m.Two sections of explosives in described first group of keyhole adopt the 1st section and the 3rd section of millisecond delay electric detonator to detonate respectively; more than millisecond crushing blasting 20ms; achieve In-hole short delay explosion; complete when keyhole total charge is constant; by reducing single explosive quantity; reduce concussion of blasting effect, protect the safety of freezing pipe.Detonating capsule in described second group of keyhole is the 5th section of millisecond delay electric detonator, increases time delay, reduces the synergistic effect of Explosive stress wave, reduces concussion of blasting effect.
In the present embodiment, the defer time of 1-15 section millisecond delay electric detonator and correspondence thereof is: ms-1:< 13ms, ms-2:25ms, ms-3:50ms, ms-4:75ms, ms-5:110ms, ms-6:150ms, ms-7:200ms, ms-8:250ms, ms-9:310ms, ms-10:380ms, ms-11:460ms, ms-12:550ms, ms-13:650ms, ms-14:760ms, ms-15:880ms.
Show according to early-stage Study: Cut Blasting explosive payload is maximum, the concussion of blasting effect produced is the strongest, next is the concussion of blasting effect of the periphery hole nearest apart from freezing pipe, so, the topmost approach reducing concussion of blasting effect reduces the explosive payload of Cut Blasting, namely reduces the explosive quantity of first paragraph explosive in first group of keyhole, so that after Cut Blasting, for follow-up detonating provides the scope of freedom, greatly reduce the shock-effect of freezing pipe; And the overall parcel received of deep hole blasting needs more explosive payload, to realize good slotting effect.Adopt sublevel Application of Sectional Cutting mode to add the cut shot method of auxiliary slotting in the embodiment of the present invention, good slotting effect can be realized, and reduce single explosive quantity, reduce concussion of blasting effect.
The western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, the major diameter be only applicable in Cretaceous System soft rock strata freezes the deep hole blasting construction of shaft of vertical well, establish two circle keyholes in major diameter wellbore centre, solve in major diameter pit shaft blast working and need larger slotting space to provide the problem on the scope of freedom for follow-up shot hole blasting.
In a word, the western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, owing to adopting full face blasting, improves blasting efficiency; And slotting effect can be strengthened owing to there being the second group of keyhole carrying out auxiliary slotting first group of keyhole peripheral disposition, first paragraph explosive and second segment explosive is installed at least one keyhole in first group of keyhole, and enclose main armament hole according to second segment explosive-the second group keyhole-first lap main armament hole-the second circle main armament hole-three of first paragraph explosive-the first group keyhole of first group of keyhole ... firing order, ms postpone detonation mode is adopted to detonate, can concussion of blasting be alleviated like this, thus the destruction of concussion of blasting to freezing pipe can be reduced.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (6)
1. a western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Around the pre-explosion vertical center arrangement first group of keyhole freezed, at first group of keyhole peripheral disposition, second group of keyhole, centered by second group of keyhole, outwards arrange first lap main armament hole, the second circle main armament hole, the 3rd circle main armament hole successively ... until complete tunneling boring steel for shot; Wherein, the degree of depth in described keyhole and main armament hole is not less than 5m, and diameter is 60mm; In described first group of keyhole, the spacing of adjacent keyhole is 1.6 ~ 1.8m, and in second group of keyhole, the spacing of adjacent keyhole is 2.0 ~ 2.4m; 0.4 ~ 0.6m is spaced apart between first group of keyhole and second group of keyhole;
In first group of keyhole, install first paragraph explosive and second segment explosive, between first paragraph explosive and second segment explosive with yellow stemming as blank medium, yellow stemming length is not less than 0.5m; The length of first paragraph explosive installed in described first group of keyhole and the length ratio of second segment explosive are 1 ~ 1.2;
Conventional charge is carried out in second group of keyhole and main armament hole, after yellow stemming sealing, second segment explosive-the second group keyhole-first lap main armament hole-the second circle main armament hole-three according to first paragraph explosive-the first group keyhole of first group of keyhole encloses main armament hole ... firing order, ms postpone detonation mode is adopted to detonate, complete full face blasting, realize the onepull driving of vertical.
2. deep hole Cut Blasting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the waste footpath of described pre-explosion vertical is greater than 10m.
3. deep hole Cut Blasting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the explosive classification of employing is freeze proof emulsion or freeze proof aqueous gels, powder stick diameter 45mm.
4. deep hole Cut Blasting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, detonating capsule is the long payment to a porter millisecond delay electric detonator of 7m.
5. deep hole Cut Blasting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, two sections of explosives in described first group of keyhole adopt the 1st section and the 3rd section of millisecond delay electric detonator to detonate respectively, more than millisecond crushing blasting 20ms.
6. deep hole Cut Blasting method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the detonating capsule in described second group of keyhole is the 5th section of millisecond delay electric detonator.
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| CN201410557642.1A CN104406470B (en) | 2014-10-20 | 2014-10-20 | Western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method |
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| CN201410557642.1A CN104406470B (en) | 2014-10-20 | 2014-10-20 | Western Cretaceous System Soft Rock Area major diameter freezing shaft deep hole Cut Blasting method |
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| CN104406470B true CN104406470B (en) | 2016-03-09 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105486181B (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-03-29 | 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 | Vertical shaft deep-hole step blasting method |
| CN105823387A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-08-03 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Rapid construction method for deep hole blasting of vertical shaft frozen bedrock |
| CN105823546B (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2018-11-23 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of major diameter freezes vertical Blast Vibration Monitoring, oscillation damping method and system |
| CN108007285B (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-01-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of efficient Cut Blasting method of stone head deep hole sublevel segmentation |
| CN109029176A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-18 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Sectional type cutting method |
| CN110196002B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2021-11-02 | 三明学院 | Safe and efficient blasting construction method for vertical shaft wall beam nest |
| CN111595214A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-28 | 安徽理工大学 | Small-hole reinforced cracking explosive column and single-face annular joint-cutting explosive column combined cutting method |
| ZA202110030B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-30 | Univ Henan Polytechnic | Deep hole vibration reduction blasting method based on artificial frozen soft rock in deep shaft |
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| CN1560557A (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2005-01-05 | 马芹永 | Technology method of artificial frozen soil control blasting by deep surface forzen method |
| CN102401616A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-04-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Blasting excavation method of vertical shaft |
| CN103575172A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-02-12 | 安徽理工大学 | Novel roadway blasting construction method |
| CN103983152A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-08-13 | 中煤第五建设有限公司第四十九工程处 | Blasting construction method for freezing shaft and unstable rock stratum |
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- 2014-10-20 CN CN201410557642.1A patent/CN104406470B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1560557A (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2005-01-05 | 马芹永 | Technology method of artificial frozen soil control blasting by deep surface forzen method |
| CN102401616A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-04-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Blasting excavation method of vertical shaft |
| CN103575172A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-02-12 | 安徽理工大学 | Novel roadway blasting construction method |
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