CN103821516B - The method of secondary release preventing and treating bump - Google Patents
The method of secondary release preventing and treating bump Download PDFInfo
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- CN103821516B CN103821516B CN201410086020.5A CN201410086020A CN103821516B CN 103821516 B CN103821516 B CN 103821516B CN 201410086020 A CN201410086020 A CN 201410086020A CN 103821516 B CN103821516 B CN 103821516B
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Abstract
The method that the present invention relates to a kind of secondary release preventing and treating bump, in conjunction with coal and rock geology occurrence condition and crustal stress distribution characteristics, uses different water jet slot mode that coal and rock is carried out slot, subsequently charge explosion for different bump types.Its advantage is: use high-pressure water jet to having the coal and rock of shock hazard along after borehole axial grooving, radially slot, make surrouding rock stress redistribution, stress-concentrated area shifts to deep, meanwhile, the slot group (plane of weakness) that high-pressure water jet slot is formed plays release effect, carries out standing subsequently, crack is made to further expand, coal and rock deformation energy discharges again, obtains secondary release, thus is effectively prevented punching and only presses.The present invention compares the most frequently used coal-bed flooding and relieving shot has advantage the shortest, effective, that relief range is wide, risk is little.
Description
Technical field
The method that the present invention relates to prevent and treat bump, a kind of side being applicable to coal and rock secondary release preventing and treating bump
Method, belongs to technical field of mine safety.
Background technology
During mining, when the stress around digging space or tunnel exceedes the bearing capacity of coal and rock, it may appear that coal
The unexpected dynamic property of rock mass is destroyed, and deforms in a large number to digging space or lane space moment or launches, and discharges substantial amounts of elastic energy,
Here it is bump (metal mine or tunnel claim rock burst).Bump threatens the life security of the mankind and affects mining work
It is normally carried out, is mine one of major disaster.
At present, administer bump method mainly have Mining Protective Seam, exploiting field reasonable Arrangement, coal-bed flooding, relieving shot,
Big boring, roof break explosion etc., wherein once construct not malleable in Mining Protective Seam and reasonable Arrangement exploiting field, cost of holing greatly
High, weak effect, is most commonly used that coal-bed flooding and relieving shot.But, coal-bed flooding is the most time-consumingly grown, is run into the ground such as tomography
Cannot construct during matter structure, simple relieving shot is inevasible causes disturbance, easily causes the bump that hand excavation causes.
Thus, the new method preventing and treating bump of low cost high in the urgent need to a kind of efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of technique is simple and convenient to operate, safe and reliable, controlling good,
The method of respond well secondary release preventing and treating bump, its essence is and combined with standing by water jet slot, it is achieved
Have complementary advantages, structure type bump, roof break type bump and coal body compression-type bump are cut in different ways
Seam, carries out first release to coal and rock, then carries out loose quick-fried, and the energy utilizing explosive to produce makes coal and rock crack further expand,
Reduce coal and rock elastic strain energy, thus reach the purpose of secondary release.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method of secondary release preventing and treating bump, its step includes:
1) desire relief area and bump type are determined according to coal and rock geological state；
2) to being intended to relief area construction drill, utilize water jet that coal and rock is carried out slot in the borehole according to bump type；
3) carrying out standing by boring, detonate after-explosion stress wave and detonation gas are propagated along slot direction, make coal seam produce
Raw abundant crack, reaches the purpose of release.
Further, need to carry out through hole before and after carrying out described slot, rock dust cinder in boring is cleaned out.
Further, the concrete mode of described slot is:
To structure type bump, use the slot combined in tunnel-surrounding coal and rock along borehole axial grooving and radial direction slot
Mode is constructed, and makes the uniform release of roadway surrounding rock, and forms gridding slot group；
To roof break type bump, carry out radial water jet slot, make concentrated stress toward slot end-transfer, by difference
The region release of slot bore arrangement mode；
To coal body compression-type bump, use at coal and rock region, deep radial direction slot, make concentrated stress shift to deep, from
And reduce this plastic region pressure-bearing.
Further, when utilizing water jet that coal and rock is carried out slot, the high-pressure water pressure of employing is 25-35MPa；Radially slot
Radius is 0.5-2m, and radially slot thickness is 2-4mm；Axially cutting groove depth is 0.5-2m, and axial notch width is 2-4mm.
Further, slot hole (for the boring of slot) between row and row in quincuncial arrangement, often row slot pitch of holes be
15m-25m。
Further, described explosion method particularly includes:
A) powder charge: powder stick and detonating capsule are sent into boring according to design, uses Uncoincided charge and forward detonation way；
B) sealing of hole: use yellow mud and yellow sand sealing of hole, and ensure that initiation system is intact；
C) explosion: use power ignition system to detonate, detonate after-explosion stress wave and detonation gas are propagated along slot direction, make
Coal seam produces abundant crack.
Further, described sealing of hole yellow mud a length of 2～4m, yellow sand segment length 8～12m；A length of the 0.5 of polyurethane～0.8m；
The pvc pipe of yellow sand section 1～3m mono-section, totally 5～10 sections.
Further, the length of described powder charge is no less than 2m.
The advantage of secondary release of the present invention preventing and treating bump method is:
Water jet slot is combined by the present invention with standing, it is possible to preferably prevents and treats bump and improves efficiency, reducing into
This.Utilize water jet that coal and rock is carried out slot, slot group crack can be realized by slot hole interlaced arrangement and be mutually communicated, from
And form large area crack field, be equivalent to a structure plane of weakness, can shield or slacken crustal stress and weaken coal body elastic deformation energy
Transmission, thus prevent and treat the bump destruction to tunnel, overcome coal-bed flooding and cannot process fault tectonic, time-consuming long, effect
The shortcoming of difference.After slot, concentrated stress shifts to rock mass deep further, it may have release effect, the simultaneously appearance of presplitting slot
Standing for next step provides compensation space, can effectively reduce the simple pine close coal and rock of detonation pressure and produce large disturbances induction
The risk of impact.Used in this method, water jet slot mode is owing to there being the existence of water, can be glibly by the rock ballast in big gun hole
Clean out, it is simple to the carrying out of follow-up powder charge, in view of the jet slot degree of depth can utilize cutting speed and pressure to adjust at any time, therefore
There is not the problem affecting demolition effect because joint-cutting is shallow.Therefore, the water jet slot standing preventing and treating bump of the present invention
Method low cost, efficiency is high, effective, relief range is wide, risk is little, has bigger application and popularization value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that water jet slot standing of the present invention prevents and treats bump schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is big gun hole of the present invention sealing of hole section schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the present invention radially slot schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the present invention axial slot schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the radial and axial slot schematic diagram that combines of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is gridding slot schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 be the slot hole of the present invention be the schematic diagram of quincuncial arrangement.
In figure, 1 is rock mass, and 2 is coal body, and 3 is big gun hole, and 4 is pvc pipe, and 5 is explosive, and 6 is slot, and 7 is polyurethane,
8 is yellow sand, and 9 is yellow mud, 10 slot thickness, 11 slot radiuses, 12 notch widths, 13 cutting groove depths.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention will be further described.
The method of the secondary release preventing and treating bump of the present invention, its concrete measure is as follows:
(1) addressing: according to coal and rock geological state, determines pilot region, and tentatively concludes bump type.
(2) pore-forming: to being intended to relief area construction drill hole flushing.
(3) water jet slot: structure type bump is used and along borehole axial grooving and radially cuts in tunnel-surrounding coal and rock
The slot mode that seam combines is constructed, and makes the uniform release of roadway surrounding rock, and forms gridding slot group；To roof break type
Bump carries out radial water jet slot, make concentrated stress toward slot end-transfer, by different slot bore arrangement modes
Region release；Coal body compression-type bump is used at coal and rock region, deep radial direction slot, makes concentrated stress shift to deep,
Thus reduce this plastic region pressure-bearing.Preferably, slot hole (for the boring of slot) between row and row in quincuncial arrangement,
As it is shown in fig. 7, often row's slot pitch of holes is 15m-25m.
(4) hole flushing: clean slot hole, gets rid of the coal petrography slag in boring.
(5) powder charge: powder stick and detonating capsule are sent into boring according to design, uses Uncoincided charge and forward detonation way.
(6) sealing of hole: use yellow mud and yellow sand sealing of hole, and ensure that initiation system is intact.
(7) explosion: use power ignition system to detonate, detonate after-explosion stress wave and detonation gas are propagated along slot direction,
Coal seam is made to produce abundant crack.
Provide below specific embodiment.
Embodiment one
Certain ore deposit, rock consolidating coefficient f=3, the solid coefficient f=1 of coal, punch layer at the position rig chosen to coal and rock
Boring, as it is shown in figure 1, rock mass 1 thickness 32m, coal body 2 thickness 3m, hole depth 36m, aperture is 113mm；Then lead to
Hole, cleans out the rock dust cinder in boring, carries out radially hydraulic slotted liner technique, as shown in schematic diagram 3, and wherein (b) on the right
Figure be the left side (a) figure in the schematic diagram of Section A-A, in figure, 3 is big gun hole, and 6 is slot；Then will install the explosive of detonator
5 put into pvc pipe 4, each section of pipe range 2m, send into 11 sections of pvc pipes；Then by the dress of same length (being 2m equally)
The pvc pipe of full yellow sand 8 sends into big gun hole, and at the polyurethane 7 of every section of middle part binding 0.5m, it is ensured that pvc pipe is central in big gun hole,
Send into 5 sections altogether；Then with yellow mud 9 sealing of hole, length 4m, consolidate with rod；Finally connect initiation system, confirm errorless after
Detonate.Thus reach the purpose that pine is quick-fried.Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of big gun hole sealing of hole section.
Embodiment two
Certain ore deposit, rock consolidating coefficient f=5, the solid coefficient f=2 of coal, punch layer at the position rig chosen to coal and rock
Boring, rock mass 1 thickness 37m, coal body 2 thickness 4m, hole depth 42, aperture is 94mm；Then through hole, by the rock in boring
Pulverized coal dregs is cleaned out, and carries out axial slot, as shown in schematic diagram 4 wherein the right (a) figure that (b) figure is the left side in B-B
The schematic diagram in cross section, in figure, 3 is big gun hole, and 6 is slot；Then the explosive 5 installing detonator is put into pvc pipe 4, pipe range 2m,
Send into 15 sections of pvc pipes；Then by the pvc pipe feeding big gun hole filling yellow sand 8 of same length (being 2m equally), and
The polyurethane 7 of every section of middle part binding 0.5m, it is ensured that pvc pipe, in big gun hole central authorities, sends into 5 sections altogether；Then with yellow mud 9 sealing of hole,
Length 3m, consolidates with rod；Finally connect initiation system, confirm errorless after detonate.Thus reach the purpose that pine is quick-fried.
Embodiment three
Certain ore deposit, rock consolidating coefficient f=4, the solid coefficient f=3 of coal, punch layer at the position rig chosen to coal and rock
Boring, rock mass 1 thickness 50m, coal body 2 thickness 5m, hole depth 56, aperture is 94mm；Then through hole, by the rock in boring
Pulverized coal dregs is cleaned out, and uses the mode that radially slot and axial grooving combine to prevent and treat bump, as shown in schematic diagram 5,
The wherein schematic diagram in C-C cross section in (a) figure that (b) figure is the left side on the right, in figure, 3 is big gun hole, and 6 is slot；Then
The explosive 5 installing detonator is put into pvc pipe 4, pipe range 2m, sends into 25 sections of pvc pipes；Then same length is (same
2m) fill yellow sand 8 pvc pipe send into big gun hole, and every section middle part binding 0.5m polyurethane 7, it is ensured that PVC
Pipe, in big gun hole central authorities, sends into 5 sections altogether；Then with yellow mud 9 sealing of hole, length 5m, consolidate with rod；Finally connecting detonates is
System, confirm errorless after detonate.Thus reach the purpose that pine is quick-fried.
In addition to the implementation, other embodiments can also use the mode of multiple radial direction slot, form gridding slot, as
Shown in Fig. 6.In this, the advantage of gridding slot is uniform release, and the stress forming regional area after preventing slot is concentrated.
Above example is only limited in order to technical scheme to be described, those of ordinary skill in the art can
Technical scheme is modified or equivalent, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the guarantor of the present invention
The scope of protecting should be as the criterion with described in claim.
Claims (8)
1. a method for secondary release preventing and treating bump, its step includes:
1) desire relief area and bump type are determined according to coal and rock geological state；
2) to being intended to relief area construction drill, utilize water jet that coal and rock is carried out slot in the borehole according to bump type,
Realize slot group crack to be mutually communicated, form large area crack field；The concrete mode of described slot is:
To structure type bump, use the slot combined in tunnel-surrounding coal and rock along borehole axial grooving and radial direction slot
Mode is constructed, and makes the uniform release of roadway surrounding rock, and forms gridding slot group；
To roof break type bump, carry out radial water jet slot, make concentrated stress toward slot end-transfer, by difference
The region release of slot bore arrangement mode；
To coal body compression-type bump, use at coal and rock region, deep radial direction slot, make concentrated stress shift to deep, from
And reduce plastic region pressure-bearing；
3) using explosive to carry out standing by boring, detonate after-explosion stress wave and detonation gas are propagated along slot direction,
Make coal seam produce abundant crack, reach the purpose of release.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that: carry out through hole before and after carrying out described slot, rock dust coal in holing
Slag is cleaned out.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that: when utilizing water jet that coal and rock is carried out slot, the water under high pressure of employing
Pressure is 25～35MPa；Radially slot radius is 0.5～2m, and radially slot thickness is 2～4mm；Axially cutting groove depth is
0.5～2m, axial notch width is 2～4mm.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that: boring between row and row in quincuncial arrangement, every row hole drilling spacing
For 15m～25m.
5. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described explosion method particularly includes:
A) powder charge: powder stick and detonating capsule are sent into boring according to design, uses Uncoincided charge and forward detonation way；
B) sealing of hole: use yellow mud and yellow sand sealing of hole, and ensure that initiation system is intact；
C) explosion: use power ignition system to detonate, detonate after-explosion stress wave and detonation gas are propagated along slot direction, make
Coal seam produces abundant crack.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: sealing of hole yellow mud a length of 2～4m, yellow sand segment length 8～12m；Poly-
A length of the 0.5 of urethane～0.8m.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: in pvc pipe, load yellow sand, form yellow sand section, every section of PVC
Pipe range 1～3m, totally 5～10 sections.
8. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the length of described powder charge is not less than 2m.
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| CN201410086020.5A CN103821516B (en) | 2014-03-10 | 2014-03-10 | The method of secondary release preventing and treating bump |
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| CN201410086020.5A CN103821516B (en) | 2014-03-10 | 2014-03-10 | The method of secondary release preventing and treating bump |
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| CN103821516B true CN103821516B (en) | 2016-09-21 |
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