CN107227976B - A kind of underground pressure management method suitable for underground mine deep mining - Google Patents

A kind of underground pressure management method suitable for underground mine deep mining Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107227976B
CN107227976B CN201710430600.5A CN201710430600A CN107227976B CN 107227976 B CN107227976 B CN 107227976B CN 201710430600 A CN201710430600 A CN 201710430600A CN 107227976 B CN107227976 B CN 107227976B
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stress
underground
ground pressure
area
mining
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CN107227976A (en
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孙国权
周科平
邓红卫
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Central South University
Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co Ltd
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Central South University
Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/18Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of underground pressure management methods suitable for underground mine deep mining, using step: 1) research discloses regularity of ground pressure occurrence, obtains the intracorporal stress of Underground rock and increases area, stress relaxed area, Tension Stress Zone, Rock Displacement Movement angle;2) stress in exploiting field is guided to be shifted by the way of horizontal resection lane, vertical cutting groove in Underground rock mass;3) avalanche of exploiting field high stress is utilized, the impact Hidden hazrads that goaf top plate upper stress is concentrated, coating needed for being formed simultaneously back production are eliminated;4) supporting is carried out to stope drift active workings using modes such as internal reinforcement, external supportings.The present invention is directed to rock mass engineering project characteristic, to adjust rock mass stress state, press as core concept to comprehensive utilization, the ground for realizing " research the law of ground pressure (Study)-guidance ground pressure transfer (Transter)-shows (Control) using ground pressure avalanche (Use)-control ground pressure " presses state circulation management, greatly improve efficiency, effective guarantee safety.

Description

A kind of underground pressure management method suitable for underground mine deep mining
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rock mass engineering project underground pressure management methods, ground pressure pipe when more particularly, to underground mine deep mining Reason, can be widely applied to the rock mass underground engineerings such as mine, tunnel cave, subway.
Background technique
In the underground mining of mineral deposit, stope ground pressure management is one of production technology.The purpose is to prevent exploitation working space The country rock work safety out of control that big movement occurs and threatens personnel.There is stope ground pressure management method during correct selection back production Very important meaning.
Mine down-hole rock mass subject the effect of the weight and other power of overlying rock before not excavating and is in flat Weighing apparatus state, referred to as primitive stress equilibrium state.Once after ore-rock body is excavated or it nearby has excavation project, primitive stress Equilibrium state is just destroyed, and the stress in ore-rock body will redistribute to reach new balance, in the process, secondary to answer The field of force can form region of stress concentration and stress relaxed area excavating during quadratic distribution in the certain area around range Domain moves the rock mass around tunnel or stope, deformation and failure, influences the stability of the underground engineerings such as stope, This phenomenon, which referred to as is pressed, to be shown.Press that show be the major safety problems faced in the underground mining of mineral deposit thisly.Therefore, Disclosing Ground pressure activity rule, managing ground pressure to show is the basis for realizing Mine Safety in Production.
The presence of ground pressure, become difficult mining activity, must in order to guarantee that safety in production and actual mining are gone on smoothly Press harm measure with being reduced or avoided must be taken, or is actively exploited using ground pressure, this work is exactly underground pressure management.
In " Stability Analysis of Goaf based on FLAC3D program " text that " metal mine " the 2nd phase in 2007 delivers, Numerical analysis has been carried out by goaf stability of the FLAC3D program to certain gold mine, has obtained the regularity of distribution of ess-strain, It is proposed that Numerical Simulation Program can provide scientific basis in the stability analysis of rock mass." Northeastern University's journal (natural science edition) " In " open air trestle transitional period rock moves Risk health behavior method " text of the curly hair table of 3rd phase the 36th in 2015, describes and pass through control What side slope processed slid direction to reduce that outdoor underground produces simultaneously interferes with each other, and proposes a kind of control rock and moves the side endangered Method;In " Jiangxi Coal science and technology " the 2nd phase in 2016 " application study of Relieving Shot prevention and treatment impulsion pressure " text, describe Deephole bench blasting parameter and blasting technology, and relieving shot effect is monitored using electromagnetic radiation method, propose one The method that kind prevents and treats impulsion pressure using Relieving Shot;" Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering " o. 11th the 34th in 2015 is permed In " deep rock mass mechanics study and exploration " text of table, domestic and international deep coalmine, deep metallic ore, profound underground work are described The deep rock mass mechanics engineering development situation of journey proposes and analyzes some critical issues that deep rock mass mechanics needs to solve.
Although document above and existing other achievements propose some analysis the law of ground pressure, press to control and Depressurized mining Certain methods, but these underground pressure management modes obviously lack systematicness and dynamic, and it is solid not fully demonstrate rock mass in rock mass engineering project The complexity of stress field dynamic change in some particularity and digging process.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and provide one kind and can be improved back production effect The underground pressure management method suitable for underground mine deep mining that can, ensure back production safety, reduce cost of winning.
Above-mentioned purpose to realize the present invention, a kind of underground pressure management method suitable for underground mine deep mining of the present invention, For the rock mass engineering characteristic such as mining, mining technology is sufficiently combined, back production efficiency is improved, ensures back production safety, reduces and open Cost is adopted, by analytically pressing (S), the circulation pattern for shifting ground pressure (T), ground pressure (U), control ground being utilized to press (C) to realize ground pressure Management.It is specific to be implemented using following steps circulation until the back production in entire mining area terminates:
1) research discloses regularity of ground pressure occurrence (Study)
Pass through investigation geologic information, the test stress of primary rock, test ore-rock mechanics parameter, reduction mechanics parameter, building mechanics Model, descending mining planning, mining methods in combination and on the basis of production practice, using numerical simulation, analog simulation, The method of theory analysis, field monitoring, engineering analogy, the analysis each step of Underground rock mass excavate the ground during forming goaf Pressure shows --- and tunnel collapses, roof collapse, strata movement, surface subsidence, obtains the intracorporal stress of Underground rock and increases area, answers Power reduces area, Tension Stress Zone, Rock Displacement Movement angle, provides theoretical foundation for underground pressure management.
2) transfer (Transter) is pressed with guiding exploiting field
According to the 1) regularity of ground pressure occurrence that step discloses used in Underground rock mass in conjunction with production practice, mining sequence The mode of horizontal resection lane, vertical cutting groove, drilling presplitting etc. guides the stress in exploiting field (stope, tunnel or chamber etc.) to carry out Transfer, redistribution forms new stress and increases area, new stress relaxed area, while arranging back production in new stress relaxed area Tunnel reduces the edge stress such as roadway, chamber engineering so as to improve the stress distribution of ore-rock body in exploiting field, is that ore body is high Effect exploitation reconstruction environment.
1., by vertically cutting, exploiting field (stope, tunnel or chamber etc.) top is covered when mining area is main with vertical stress Terrane stress is wholly or partially transferred to surrounding, and the exploitation engineering in the section of exploiting field under pressure arch is solely subjected to cover the weight of ore-rock, Vertical stress value significantly reduces and becomes prone to exploit at this time.
2., by horizontal resection, will act on mining area (stope, tunnel or chamber when mining area is main with horizontal stress Deng) the horizontal stress partition of interior ore body, forming horizontal stress reduces area, and horizontal stress value significantly reduces and becomes in exploiting field at this time It is easy to excavate.
3) exploiting field high stress avalanche (Use) is utilized
2) step can realize the redistribution of rock mass regional stress state by stress transfer for front the, and forming new stress reduces Area and new stress increase area, the 2) on the basis of, sufficiently combine different production practices, utilize stress to increase area's stress and concentrate High stress characteristic existing for feature or deep-well itself, by formed on goaf top plate new stress increase in area it is deep in arrangement Hole induces goaf top plate rock falling using induction caving mode, eliminates the impact disaster that goaf top plate upper stress is concentrated Hidden danger, coating needed for being formed simultaneously back production.
In 3) step, underground high stress disaster is changed into controllably pressure energy and carries out broken rock, realizes turning for high stress disaster Utilization is changed, back production efficiency is significantly improved, reduces cost of winning.
4) it presses with controlling operation area and shows (Control)
The 1), 2), 3) step on the basis of, on still because ground pressure show influence tunnel, chamber, exploiting field safety section, adopt With anchor pole, anchor cable or slip casting stope drift active workings are carried out with the internal reinforcement mode of supporting, and external supporting, joint reinforcement supporting, The mode of waste fill or tailing consolidated fill is shown with pressing with further controlling, and is shown with pressing with further controlling, and is ensured Back production safety.
The external supporting uses one of grillage, steelframe, hydraulic support, artificial feigned column, gunite concrete or two Kind or more combination, the joint reinforcement supporting using anchor net, net spray composite reinforcement mode.
The each step back production of the method for the present invention is all carried out the dynamic circulation management of ground pressure by STUC mode, until entire mining area Back production terminates.The present invention is directed to the characteristic of rock mass engineering project, to adjust rock mass stress state, press as core concept to comprehensive utilization, The passive control of ground pressure is changed into active management, realizes " research the law of ground pressure (Study)-guidance ground pressure transfer (Transter)-using ground pressure avalanche (Use)-control ground pressure show (Control) " ground press state circulation management and control System, greatly improve efficiency, effective guarantee safety.
Compared with prior art, a kind of underground pressure management method suitable for underground mine deep mining of the present invention has following excellent Point:
1. for the intrinsic feature of rock mass in rock mass engineering project, by the way that " research the law of ground pressure (Study)-guidance ground pressure shifts (Transter)-using ground pressure avalanche (Use)-control ground pressure show (Control) " circular management mode, realize ground The systematicness and dynamic of pressure pipe reason.
2. underground pressure management STUC circulation is comprehensive circulation, four-stage is opposite, is interrelated and fusion, should Mode more meets the characteristic that rock mass engineering project is repeatedly excavated, disturbed repeatedly.
3. STUC circulation breaches the conventional underground pressure management thinking based on Earth pres-sure control, to adjust stress state, synthesis It is core concept using ground pressure, realizes the great theoretical breakthrough of underground pressure management mode.
4. underground pressure management and mining area construction, engineering geology, mining methods, mining technology etc. have been subjected to dynamic bind, it is real It now exploits safer, more economical, more efficient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of STUC of the underground pressure management method suitable for underground mine deep mining of the present invention recycles implementing procedure Figure;
Fig. 2 be the present invention to deep Mining by caving method when the regularity of ground pressure occurrence figure that discloses;
Fig. 3 is conceptual scheme of the present invention to exploiting field section high stress guidance transfer;
Fig. 4 is the present invention to exploiting field section high stress Comprehensive Utilization Scheme figure;
Fig. 5 is that the present invention presses the conceptual scheme shown with using support pattern control.
1- stress increases area;1`- new stress increases area;2- stress relaxed area;2`- new stress relaxed area;3- Underground rock mass;4- Tension Stress Zone;5- Rock Displacement Movement angle;The goaf 6-;7- horizontal resection lane;The vertical cutting groove of 8-; 9- stope drift active workings;10- medium-length hole;11- coating;12- anchor pole.
Specific embodiment
It is of the invention for description, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples to a kind of ground suitable for underground mine deep mining of the present invention Pressure management method, which uses, to be described in further details.
A kind of underground pressure management embodiment of the method suitable for underground mine deep mining of the present invention is in Yunnan Yuxi's Dahongshan mine It is applied successfully in the Mining by caving method of industry deep.Thick low-angle dip high temperature mineral deposit in the mine category submarine volcanic eruption sedimentary metamorphic.Have seven Layer ore body, three layers of copper, four layers of iron.
There are the problem of: prolonged dead zone top plate exposure after multiple explosion presses and shows movable aggravation with causing.Dahongshan Goaf top plate exposed area is generally in 2000m2Left and right, since the panel production cycle is long, dead zone cannot be filled in time, from It adopts for starting dead zone generally all up to 8 months or so, and the repeatedly superposition punching of great explosion during dead zone top plate is also dug up mine Bad, and Geological Structure Effect is broken up, dead zone top plate large area caving is caused, bulk is formed, causes dilution, pressure shows with landing Movable aggravation, stress redistribution simultaneously generate stress concentration in ore pillar, and ore pillar also has occurred is caving phenomenon.According to observation, top Plate, which is caving, has been up to 28m, also reaches 3m~5m under general feelings.If ore pillar is also caving again, very big safety will be brought hidden Suffer from, it is necessary to carry out underground pressure management and control.
A kind of STUC of the underground pressure management method suitable for underground mine deep mining of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, which is recycled, to be implemented Flow chart finds out that the method for the present invention includes the STUC circulation of four steps, it may be assumed that 1) study the law of ground pressure (Study), 2) and guidance ground Pressure transfer (Transter), 3) using ground pressure avalanche (Use), 4) control ground pressure show (Control).
The regularity of ground pressure occurrence figure that discloses is found out when the present invention as shown in Figure 2 is to deep Mining by caving method, side of the present invention 1) the step of the of method are as follows:
1) research discloses regularity of ground pressure occurrence (Study)
The each step of Underground rock mass 3 is excavated to be formed during goaf 6, can all form corresponding stress and increase area 1, stress Reduce area 2, Tension Stress Zone 4, Rock Displacement Movement angle 5.
On this regular basis, high stress is distributed using modes such as horizontal resection, vertical cutting or presplit blastings first Shifted, then increase area using high stress progress induction caving in stress, stress relaxed area or stress constant region (as far as possible Avoid increasing area in stress) arrangement engineering, finally collapsed to partial section using support pattern control emit, the ground pressure such as wall caving shows.
The present invention as shown in Figure 3 finds out that the of the method for the present invention is 2) to the conceptual scheme of exploiting field section high stress guidance transfer Step are as follows:
2) transfer (Transter) is pressed with guiding exploiting field
According to the regularity of ground pressure occurrence that 1) step discloses, in conjunction with production practice, horizontal resection is used in Underground rock mass 3 Lane 7, vertical cutting groove 8 mode guide the stress in exploiting field to be shifted, redistribution forms new stress and increases area 1`, new Stress relaxed area 2`, eliminate or reduce influence of the high stress to mining area's section, while being arranged in new stress relaxed area 2` Stope drift active workings 9.
The present invention as shown in Figure 4 finds out exploiting field section high stress Comprehensive Utilization Scheme figure, the 3) step of the of the method for the present invention Suddenly are as follows:
3) exploiting field high stress avalanche (Use) is utilized
The 2) on the basis of, increase area 1, interior arrangement medium-length hole 10 by forming new stress on 6 top plate of goaf, 6 roof rock mass inbreak of goaf is induced using induction caving mode, had both eliminated the impact disaster of 6 top plate upper stress of goaf concentration Hidden danger, at the same again safely, be economically formed back production needed for coating 11, be to achieve many things at one stroke.
The present invention as shown in Figure 5 found out using the conceptual scheme that shows of support pattern control ground pressure, the of the method for the present invention 4) step are as follows:
4) it presses with controlling operation area and shows (Control)
The 1), 2), 3) step on the basis of, on still because ground pressure show influence tunnel, chamber, exploiting field safety section, adopt With anchor pole 12, anchor cable or slip casting stope drift active workings 9 are carried out with the internal reinforcement mode of supporting, and external supporting, joint reinforcement branch Shield, the mode of waste fill or tailing consolidated fill, are collapsed, roof collapse, strata movement, earth's surface are collapsed with further controlling tunnel The ground pressure such as sunken shows, and has ensured back production safety.
The external supporting uses one of grillage, steelframe, hydraulic support, artificial feigned column, gunite concrete or two Kind or more combination, the joint reinforcement supporting using anchor net, net spray composite reinforcement mode.
The present invention is by the way that " research the law of ground pressure (Study)-guidance ground pressure transfer (Transter)-utilizes ground pressure avalanche (Use)-control ground pressure show (Control) " circulation management and control model, by ground pressure it is passive control be changed into active Management, improves back production efficiency, has ensured exploitation safety.Using method of the invention, in Yunnan Yuxi Dahongshan mining industry deep Big parameter (height of lift × route spacing is 20m × 20m, is largest domestic), high middle section (height are realized in Mining by caving method 120m), the safety and high efficiency of high-intensitive (4,500,000 t/a).

Claims (2)

1. a kind of underground pressure management method suitable for underground mine deep mining, it is characterised in that: for rock mass work in mining Cheng Tedian sufficiently combines mining technology, by analytically to adjust rock mass stress state, press as core concept to comprehensive utilization Pressure, transfer ground pressure, the circulation pattern using ground pressure, control pressed are realized underground pressure management and control, and are recycled using following steps Implement until the back production in entire mining area terminates:
1) research discloses regularity of ground pressure occurrence (Study)
By investigation geologic information, the test stress of primary rock, test ore-rock mechanics parameter, reduction mechanics parameter, mechanical model is constructed, On the basis of descending mining planning, mining methods and production practice in combination, using numerical simulation, analog simulation, theory Analysis, field monitoring, engineering analogy method, analysis Underground rock mass (3) each step excavate to be formed during goaf (6) Ground pressure shows --- tunnel collapses, roof collapse, strata movement, surface subsidence rule, obtain answering in Underground rock mass (3) Power increases area (1), stress relaxed area (2), Tension Stress Zone (4), Rock Displacement Movement angle (5);
2) transfer (Transter) is pressed with guiding exploiting field
It is used in Underground rock mass (3) according to the regularity of ground pressure occurrence that 1) step discloses in conjunction with production practice, mining sequence Horizontal resection lane (7), vertical cutting groove (8), drill presplitting mode guide the stress in exploiting field to be shifted, redistribute shape The stress of Cheng Xin increases area (1`), new stress relaxed area (2`), while back production lane is arranged in new stress relaxed area (2`) Road (9);Engineering is arranged in stress relaxed area or stress constant region, and avoids increasing area's arrangement engineering in stress;
3) exploiting field high stress avalanche (Use) is utilized
The 2) on the basis of, increased by forming new stress on goaf (6) top plate and arrange medium-length hole in area (1) (10), goaf (6) roof rock mass inbreak is induced using induction caving mode, eliminates what goaf (6) top plate upper stress was concentrated Impact Hidden hazrads, coating needed for being formed simultaneously back production (11);
4) it presses with controlling operation area and shows (Control)
The 1), 2), 3) step on the basis of, on still because ground pressure show influence tunnel, chamber, exploiting field safety section, using anchor Bar (12), anchor cable or slip casting carry out the internal reinforcement mode of supporting, and external supporting, joint reinforcement branch to stope drift active workings (9) Shield, the mode of waste fill or tailing consolidated fill, are shown with pressing with further controlling.
2. a kind of underground pressure management method suitable for underground mine deep mining as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described External supporting using one or both of grillage, steelframe, hydraulic support, artificial feigned column, gunite concrete or more group It closes, the joint reinforcement supporting is using anchor net, the composite reinforcement mode of net spray.
CN201710430600.5A 2017-06-09 2017-06-09 A kind of underground pressure management method suitable for underground mine deep mining Active CN107227976B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108708755B (en) * 2018-03-23 2020-08-28 武汉工程大学 Underground rock burst prevention and control method
CN108952809B (en) * 2018-07-11 2020-01-14 黑龙江科技大学 Method for preventing rock burst by energy guide
CN110017170B (en) * 2019-04-09 2020-09-25 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 Prevention and control method for underground ore mining ground pressure disaster
CN114183138B (en) * 2021-10-12 2023-10-20 安徽理工大学 Coal bed non-mining drilling pre-splitting blasting method

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CN103821516A (en) * 2014-03-10 2014-05-28 平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司 Method for preventing rock burst through secondary pressure relief
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU5929699A (en) * 1998-08-24 2000-03-14 Grinaker Construction Limited Apparatus for prestressing a support in underground mining
CN101713290A (en) * 2009-12-10 2010-05-26 天地科技股份有限公司 Method for clearing rock burst of full-mine laneway deep in mine
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Address after: 410012 Central South University, Lushan South Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province

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