CN103195466A - Directional water pressure blasting method for improving coal bed gas permeability - Google Patents
Directional water pressure blasting method for improving coal bed gas permeability Download PDFInfo
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- CN103195466A CN103195466A CN201310107622XA CN201310107622A CN103195466A CN 103195466 A CN103195466 A CN 103195466A CN 201310107622X A CN201310107622X A CN 201310107622XA CN 201310107622 A CN201310107622 A CN 201310107622A CN 103195466 A CN103195466 A CN 103195466A
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Abstract
A directional water pressure blasting method for improving coal bed gas permeability includes utilizing water pressure blasting splitting to change the structure of the coal and rock mass, firstly drilling holes inside a coal bed, performing high-pressure hydraulic cutting seam, and forming a deep flat slot around the drilling holes of the coal bed after cutting; and filling explosive into the drilling holes of the coal bed, then injecting water and sealing the hole, detonating the explosive to perform water pressure blasting, and enabling the periphery of the drilling holes of the coal bed to generate directional expanding fractures under the function of detonation pressures. Performing water pressure blasting in a high-gas low gas permeability coal bed can organically combine the waterpower and the explosive force of the explosive fully and reasonably, the water pressure blasting enables the cracks generated by hydraulic cutting seam to further expand and a directional expanding cross fracture net is formed on the periphery of the drilling holes of the coal bed, so that the gas permeability of the coal bed is greatly improved, the problem that the gas of the coal bed is hard to extract due to the small number of the cracks can be effectively solved, the concentrated stress of the coal bed is transferred to the deep of the coal mass, and the capacity of gas emission is improved. The directional water pressure blasting method for improving the coal bed gas permeability is simple in process, convenient to operate, safe, reliable, and good in controllability and effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hydraulic pressure demolition method, especially a kind of directed hydraulic pressure demolition improves the method for gas permeability of coal seam.
Background technology
The gas permeability in coal seam is to weigh an important indicator of taking out property of coal-bed gas, for the gas drainage under suction of low air permeability coal seam, must adopt special measure to increase the gas permeability in coal seam, could extract gas effectively out.Domestic and international proof method has: coal-bed flooding, fracturing, high-pressure hydraulic slot, deep hole blasting etc.Coal-bed flooding is to have under the prerequisite of certain air permeability in the coal seam, effect by seepage effect and capillary force penetrates in the coal body, at water, methane gas and coal body three-phase on, water has captured the position of former gas, gas becomes free state, deviates from along the route that water infiltrates, but for high gas layer, its gas permeability is often relatively poor, is difficult to improve gas drainage efficiency by coal-bed flooding.Fracturing is to realize that by mechanical force pressure break makes seam in the protolith coal body, need the hydraulic pressure of injection very big, the expansion in crack in the wayward hole, and the large fracture of fracturing is fewer, even extruded the crack, keep the crack also very difficult after the release, need be with proppant, this has just increased the difficulty of pressure break.The high-pressure hydraulic slot is by the high-pressure water jet upper and lower cutting back and forth in radial cuts or the coal seam scope of fixing a point in the scope of extraction borehole coal seam, the cutting back forms a flat slot of the degree of depth around boring, utilize current that the coal cinder that cuts down is taken out of outside the hole, thereby increase the exposed area of coal body, reach the anti-reflection purpose in coal seam, but for weak seam, the high-pressure hydraulic slot causes the spray orifice phenomenon easily, gas is exceeded standard, and danger is bigger.Deep hole blasting be exactly explosive in coal body after the explosion, by the effect of huge explosive force, around shot hole, form comprise compression ring, radially with the staggered crack of annular crack and the bigger connection fracture network of secondary interstice circle, to improve the gas permeability of coal body.Though certain effect has been played in the anti-reflection measure of various conventional releases, still can't satisfy at present and produce actual needs, single means can not satisfy the requirement that the deep, colliery is improved gas permeability of coal seam, prevented coal and the outstanding disaster of gas.Therefore, how to improve gas permeability of coal seam, improve gas drainage efficiency, prevent the effective technical way that coal and gas are outstanding etc. to have important theory and realistic meaning for the safe and efficient production that ensures the colliery.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problem that exists in the prior art, provide technology simple, easy to operate, safe and reliable, controlled good, respond well hydraulic pressure demolition method, it has brought into play the advantage of waterpower and explosive force effectively, and their advantage organically combined, thereby improved the gas permeability in coal seam.
Hydraulic pressure demolition of the present invention improves the method for gas permeability of coal seam: comprise steps such as boring, hydraulic slotted liner technique, powder charge, water filling, sealing of hole, explosion.
(1) utilize rig to the coal and rock boring of pre-exploitation, the aperture is 75 ~ 94mm, and drilling construction is to roof or base plate;
(2) carry out hydraulic slotted liner technique in the coal seam, the cutting back forms a flat slot of the degree of depth around coal bed drilling, so that coal body can produce the crack of directed expansion after hydraulic pressure demolition;
(3) placing diameter in the aperture is the steel sleeve pipe of 36 ~ 45mm, and adopts cement mortar that the space between sleeve pipe and the boring is filled, and plays the effect of fixed sleeving;
(4) when cement mortar maintenance more than 48 hours, when having sufficient intensity, emulsion is seated in the pvc pipe that diameter is 32 ~ 40mm, delivers to the position, coal seam, loaded length is slightly less than the coal seam length that boring is passed, and guarantees the intact of initiation system;
(5) use valve to connect steel sleeve pipe and water injection pipe, beginning water filling in the boring when water filling begins to return water to boring, stops water filling, seals the steel sleeve pipe then, the realization sealing of hole;
(6) the employing power ignition system that detonates longly arranges a primer detonator every 1 m apart from the issuable channel effect of continuous charging for overcoming in explosive, detonating cord will be carried out waterproofing work, prevents because miss-firing appears in the reduction of line insulation degree.Ignite emulsion and carry out hydraulic pressure demolition, under quick-fried living pressure effect, make the coal bed drilling periphery produce a large amount of cracks, improve gas permeability of coal seam.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
In high gas low air permeability coal seam, carry out directed hydraulic pressure demolition, can be sufficiently and reasonably the explosive force of waterpower and explosive be organically combined.The crack that the high-velocity flow that produces during hydraulic pressure demolition and second-compressed ripple produce hydraulic slotted liner technique further expands, around coal bed drilling, form the intersection fracture network, to increase the hydraulic fracture number, improved the gas permeability in coal seam significantly, the problem that energy efficient solution crack number causes the gas hard-pumped to be adopted less.And the coal seam concentrated stress is shifted to the coal body deep, improved the ability of coal-bed gas extraction.The release of the elimination of stress or reduction and gas side by side increases the safety of work plane near zone coal body, namely forms an effective sufficiently long protection in advance distance in work plane the place ahead, reaches the outstanding purpose of control coal and gas.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that directed hydraulic pressure demolition of the present invention improves the gas permeability of coal seam method.
Among Fig. 1: 1-sandstone, 2-coal seam, 3-detonator, 4-emulsion, 5-boring, 6-cement mortar, 7-pvc pipe, 8-steel sleeve pipe, 9-lead-in wire, 10-valve, 11-high pressure water injection pipe.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing enforcement of the present invention is described further:
Embodiment 1: the average thickness of certain pit coal layer 2 is 5m, the hardness in coal seam 2 is f=3, be gently inclined seam 2, overlying rock is hard sandstone 1, its average thickness is 20m, in the haulage cross-cut, adopts rig to the coal and rock boring 5 of pre-exploitation under coal mine, the aperture is 75mm, and the degree of depth of boring 5 is 24m.Carry out hydraulic slotted liner technique then in the coal seam, the cutting back forms a flat slot of the degree of depth around coal bed drilling 5.Placing diameter in the aperture is the steel sleeve pipe 8 of 36mm, and adopt 6 pairs of steel sleeve pipes 8 of cement mortar and the space of holing between 5 is filled, when cement mortar 6 maintenances more than 48 hours, when having sufficient intensity, emulsion 4 is seated in the pvc pipe 7 that diameter is 32mm, and explosive payload is 100g, every 1 m a primer detonator 3 is set in emulsion 4, pvc pipe 7 is delivered in the coal seam 2, and will go between 9 cause boring 5 outside.Use valve 10 to connect steel sleeve pipe 8 and high pressure water injection pipes 11, beginning water filling in the boring 5 stops water filling after filling with water, seals steel sleeve pipe 8 then, realizes sealing of hole.Ignite emulsion 4 and carry out hydraulic pressure demolition, under quick-fried living pressure effect, make coal bed drilling 5 peripheries produce a large amount of cracks, thereby improved the gas permeability in coal seam.
Embodiment 2: the average thickness of certain pit coal layer 2 is 9m, the hardness in coal seam 2 is f=4, be gently inclined seam 2, overlying rock is hard sandstone 1, its average thickness is 28m, in the haulage cross-cut, adopts rig to the coal and rock boring 5 of pre-exploitation under coal mine, the aperture is 94mm, and the degree of depth of boring 5 is 35m.Carry out hydraulic slotted liner technique then in the coal seam, the cutting back forms a flat slot of the degree of depth around coal bed drilling 5.Placing diameter in the aperture is the steel sleeve pipe 8 of 45mm, and adopt 6 pairs of steel sleeve pipes 8 of cement mortar and the space of holing between 5 is filled, when cement mortar 6 maintenances more than 48 hours, when having sufficient intensity, emulsion 4 is seated in the pvc pipe 7 that diameter is 40mm, and explosive payload is 200g, every 1 m a primer detonator 3 is set in emulsion 4, pvc pipe 7 is delivered in the coal seam 2, and will go between 9 cause boring 5 outside.Use valve 10 to connect steel sleeve pipe 8 and high pressure water injection pipes 11, beginning water filling in the boring 5 stops water filling after filling with water, seals steel sleeve pipe 8 then, realizes sealing of hole.Ignite emulsion 4 and carry out hydraulic pressure demolition, under quick-fried living pressure effect, make coal bed drilling 5 peripheries produce a large amount of cracks, thereby improved the gas permeability in coal seam.
Claims (3)
1. a directed hydraulic pressure demolition improves the method for gas permeability of coal seam, it is characterized in that: comprise boring, hydraulic slotted liner technique, fixed sleeving, powder charge, water filling, sealing of hole, explosion step:
A. boring: with the coal and rock boring (5) of rig to pre-exploitation, the aperture is 75 ~ 94mm, and boring (5) construction is (2) top board or base plate to the coal seam;
B. hydraulic slotted liner technique: carry out hydraulic slotted liner technique in coal seam (2), the boring (5) of cutting back in the coal seam forms a flat slot of the degree of depth on every side, so that coal seam (2) can produce the directed crack of expanding hydraulic pressure demolition after;
C. fixed sleeving: placing diameter in the aperture is the steel sleeve pipe (8) of 36 ~ 45mm, and adopts cement mortar (6) that steel sleeve pipe (8) and the space of holing between (5) are filled, and plays the fixedly effect of steel sleeve pipe (8);
D. powder charge: when cement mortar (6) maintenance more than 48 hours, emulsion (4) is seated in the pvc pipe that diameter is 32 ~ 40mm (7), delivers to position, coal seam (2);
E. water filling sealing of hole: use valve (10) to connect steel sleeve pipe (8) and high pressure water injection pipe (11), water filling in the boring (5) is filled with sealing steel sleeve pipe (8) behind the water, the realization sealing of hole;
F. explosion: ignite emulsion (4) and carry out hydraulic pressure demolition, under quick-fried living pressure effect, make boring (5) periphery produce a large amount of cracks, thereby improve gas permeability of coal seam.
2. directed hydraulic pressure demolition according to claim 1 improves the method for gas permeability of coal seam, it is characterized in that: coal seam (2) length that described loaded length passes less than boring (5).
3. directed hydraulic pressure demolition according to claim 1 and 2 improves the method for gas permeability of coal seam, it is characterized in that: every 1 m a primer detonator (3) is set in the described emulsion (4).
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| CN103821516A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-05-28 | 平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司 | Method for preventing rock burst through secondary pressure relief |
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| CN104234739A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-24 | 中国矿业大学 | In-borehole gas explosion coal body cracking forced extraction method |
| CN104314606A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2015-01-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Hydraulic cutting and gas explosion combined enhancing extraction method for fracturing coal body in drill hole |
| CN104329113A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2015-02-04 | 安徽理工大学 | Gas drainage method by pressure relief of coal bed bottom plate through ground drilling and loosening blasting |
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| CN104747071A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-07-01 | 徐州博安科技发展有限责任公司 | Waterpower drilling, cutting and sewing method |
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| CN106225617A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-12-14 | 武汉大学 | A kind of rock-burst prevention method based on quick-fried rammer hydrofracturing |
| CN106351613A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-01-25 | 安徽理工大学 | Continuous gas extraction method under condition of multiple times of repeated blasting disturbance of coals |
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