CN114234748B - Underground coal mine deep hole blasting method - Google Patents
Underground coal mine deep hole blasting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114234748B CN114234748B CN202111392675.1A CN202111392675A CN114234748B CN 114234748 B CN114234748 B CN 114234748B CN 202111392675 A CN202111392675 A CN 202111392675A CN 114234748 B CN114234748 B CN 114234748B
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- pvc pipe
- hole
- explosive
- holes
- coal mine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
The invention provides a deep hole blasting method for a coal mine, which comprises the following 7 steps of S10, blasting a hole; s20: installing a detonating cord; s30, charging; s40, standing the explosive; s50, stemming blocks a reserved space of the PVC pipe; s60, connecting the electric detonator leads in series; s70: and (4) sealing the blast hole by using stemming. According to the coal mine underground deep hole blasting method, the explosive cartridge is firstly loaded into the PVC pipe and is sent into the blast hole along with the PVC pipe, so that manual operation is facilitated, the fullness degree of the explosive cartridge in the PVC pipe can be ensured, and the blasting quality is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal mine production, and particularly relates to a deep hole blasting method for a coal mine.
Background
The conventional method for breaking rock mass in coal mine is blasting, and the general construction process comprises the steps of firstly drilling a deep hole, namely a blast hole, then loading an explosive cartridge in the blast hole, and blasting by using a detonator. Therefore, how to improve the blasting quality, efficiency and blasting safety becomes the first solution for the technical personnel in the field
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a method for blasting a deep hole in a coal mine, so as to safely and effectively blast a deep coal mine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a deep hole blasting method for a coal mine underground comprises the following steps:
s10: blasting holes in the vertical direction;
s20, mounting a detonating cord:
intercepting an explosive fuse, wherein the intercepting length of the explosive fuse is greater than the explosive filling depth of an explosive in a PVC pipe for medicine filling, penetrating the explosive fuse through the PVC pipe until the explosive fuse extends to the bottom end of the PVC pipe, reserving a section of the explosive fuse at the top end of the PVC pipe, and fixing the reserved section of the explosive fuse on the PVC pipe;
s30, charging:
selecting explosive rolls with the diameters matched with the blast holes according to the sizes of the blast holes, rubbing the explosive rolls, then loading the explosive rolls into a PVC pipe, filling the PVC pipe with the explosive rolls, loading a detonator at the top of the PVC pipe, fixing the detonator, a detonating cord and the explosive rolls at the top of the PVC pipe, and inserting the PVC pipe into the corresponding blast holes;
s40, standing the blast hole filled with the explosive for 4-5 hours;
s50, using stemming to plug the space at the top of the PVC pipe;
s60, connecting the electric detonator leads in all the blast holes in series, wherein the initiation sequence is as follows: a winding cut hole, an auxiliary hole and a peripheral hole;
s70, sealing the blast hole with stemming, wherein the sealing length is more than 40-50% of the length of the blast hole.
Further, the porthole includes undercutting hole, supplementary hole and peripheral hole, wherein:
3-5 cut holes are uniformly arranged around the blasting central point;
4-6 auxiliary holes are uniformly arranged around the cut holes;
7-10 peripheral holes are uniformly arranged around the auxiliary holes;
the depth of the cut hole is more than the depth of the auxiliary hole and more than the depth of the peripheral hole.
Furthermore, the diameter of the cut hole is phi 50mm, and the diameters of the auxiliary hole and the peripheral hole are phi 40mm.
Further, in step S30, the bottom end of the PVC pipe is filled with stemming.
Further, in step S30, the PVC pipe is of a segmented structure, after the first PVC pipe is charged, a second PVC pipe is selected, the detonating cord reserved in step S20 is inserted from the bottom end of the second PVC pipe and is extended from the top end of the second PVC pipe for reservation, the second PVC pipe is hermetically connected with the previous PVC pipe, then the second PVC pipe is filled with explosive cartridges, and the second PVC pipe is pushed into the corresponding blasthole; by parity of reasoning, a plurality of PVC pipes filled with explosive cartridges are loaded into the blast hole eye;
and a section of space left at the top of the last PVC pipe is not filled with explosive sticks.
Further, in step S30, the method for installing the electric detonator includes: and respectively installing a copper wire on two pin wires of the electric detonator, communicating the outer ends of the two copper wires to form a short circuit, installing the detonator into the last PVC pipe, and fixing the detonator, the detonating cord and the explosive cartridge.
Compared with the prior art, the underground coal mine deep hole blasting method has the following advantages:
(1) In the design, the explosive cartridge is firstly loaded into the PVC pipe and is sent into the blasthole eye along with the PVC pipe, so that the manual operation is convenient, the fullness degree of the explosive cartridge in the PVC pipe can be ensured, and the blasting quality is ensured.
(2) In the design, the blast hole is filled with the explosive cartridge and then stands for 4-5 hours, and the explosive cartridge sinks by using the self weight of the explosive cartridge, so that the filling degree of the explosive cartridge in the blast hole is ensured, and the explosive force is improved.
(3) In the design, the explosive cartridge is rubbed before being loaded, so that the powder in the explosive cartridge is loosened, the granularity of the powder is ensured, and the blasting quality is ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention without limitation. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a deep hole blasting method for a coal mine in accordance with this embodiment.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
A coal mine underground deep hole blasting method is shown in a flow chart of figure 1 and specifically comprises the following steps:
s10: the holes are punched by using a rock drill, in the embodiment, a YGZ-90 type guide rail rotary rock drill is preferably used for drilling, the rock drill is matched with a columnar tooth drill bit with the length matched with the depth of the blast hole, the blast hole is set in a trial mode, and the deviation rate of the blast hole is not more than 1%. According to the operation working condition, for example, the inclined ore body, in order to be able to furthest back the ore, the inclined holes can be properly arranged, and the arrangement of the inclined holes ensures the minimum resisting line. Before drilling the blast hole, measurement and control operation is carried out, and the conditions of hole depth, hole surface and bottom compensation space materials are collected to form blast hole basic data and provide data basis for blast hole drilling operation. In this embodiment, the big gun hole includes undercutting punchhole, supplementary punchhole and peripheral punchhole, wherein:
3-5 cut holes are uniformly arranged around the blasting central point, and the diameter of each cut hole is phi 50mm;
4-6 auxiliary holes are uniformly arranged around the cut holes, and the diameter of each auxiliary hole is phi 40mm;
7-10 peripheral holes are uniformly arranged around the auxiliary holes, and the diameter of the peripheral holes is phi 50mm;
the depth of the cut holes, the depth of the auxiliary holes and the depth of the peripheral holes are set according to specific construction requirements, but the depth of the cut holes is more than the depth of the auxiliary holes and more than the depth of the peripheral holes.
After the blast hole is drilled, the hole diameter and the depth of the blast hole are measured in a plumb bob and rope mode, the plumb bob is tied to the bottom end of the rope, the plumb bob is placed to the bottom of the hole, and then the length of the rope extending into the blast hole is detected, so that the hole depth can be obtained. The aperture measurement can be directly performed by using a tape measure. And obtaining the pipe diameter, the length and the number of the PVC pipes for filling the medicine and the number of the explosive cartridges according to the hole depth and the hole diameter.
S20, mounting a detonating cord:
intercepting an explosive fuse, wherein the intercepting length of the explosive fuse is greater than the explosive charging depth in the explosive charging PVC pipe, in the embodiment, the PVC pipe adopts a segmented structure, namely explosive rolls are charged into a plurality of PVC pipes, and the length of the plurality of PVC pipes corresponds to the depth of a blast hole. And (3) penetrating the detonating cord through the PVC pipe until the detonating cord extends to the bottom end of the PVC pipe, reserving a section of detonating cord at the top end of the PVC pipe, and fixing the reserved section of detonating cord on the PVC pipe, namely the detonating cord sequentially penetrates through a plurality of PVC pipes.
S30, charging:
the explosive cartridge comprises a plurality of PVC pipes, wherein the PVC pipes are selected, the length of each PVC pipe corresponds to the depth of a blast hole, stemming is filled at the bottom end of the first PVC pipe, then an explosive cartridge is filled in the first PVC pipe, and loose powder of the explosive cartridge is flexibly rubbed before the explosive cartridge is filled, so that the phenomenon of agglomeration of the powder in the explosive cartridge is prevented, the granularity of the powder in the explosive cartridge is ensured, and the explosive force of the explosive cartridge is ensured. The bottom end of the PVC pipe filled with the explosive cartridge is inserted into the corresponding blast hole, the action is light in the process of inserting the PVC pipe, and when the rock wall prevents the PVC pipe from being inserted downwards, the PVC pipe is slightly rotated. The first PVC pipe is inserted to a depth which ensures that the top of the first PVC pipe is exposed out of the corresponding blast hole. Then selecting a second PVC pipe, penetrating a detonating cord reserved in the first PVC pipe from the bottom end of the second PVC pipe, extending out of the top end of the second PVC pipe and reserving the detonating cord, hermetically connecting the second PVC pipe with the previous PVC pipe, namely the first PVC pipe, communicating the first PVC pipe with the second PVC pipe, filling a explosive roll in the second PVC pipe, pushing the second PVC pipe into the corresponding borehole, and pushing the first PVC pipe in during the insertion process of the second PVC pipe;
filling a plurality of PVC pipes filled with explosive cartridges into the blast hole eyes in the same way, and filling the blast hole eyes with the explosive cartridges;
the rest space at the top of the last PVC pipe is not filled with explosive rolls;
selecting a corresponding electric detonator according to the diameter of the explosive cartridge, respectively installing a copper wire on two pin wires of the electric detonator, communicating the outer ends of the two copper wires with a short circuit, installing the detonator into the last PVC pipe, and fixing the detonator, the detonating cord and the explosive cartridge;
and S40, standing the blast hole holes filled with the explosives for 4-5 hours, and making the explosive cartridge sink by using the gravity action to ensure the fullness of the explosive cartridge in the blast hole holes, namely the blast hole holes are full of the explosives and ensure the explosive force of the blast hole holes on the rock wall.
And S50, plugging the reserved space of the PVC pipes by using stemming, wherein the stemming is plugged at the bottom end and the top end of each PVC pipe to seal explosive cartridges because the PVC pipes are sequentially connected into a whole.
S60, connecting the electric detonator leads in all the blast holes in series, wherein the initiation sequence is as follows: around the undercutting hole-auxiliary hole-peripheral hole.
And S70, after the last PVC pipe is placed into the blast hole, using stemming to seal the blast hole, wherein the sealing length is more than 40-50% of the length of the blast hole.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A deep hole blasting method for a coal mine is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s10: blasting holes in the vertical direction;
s20, mounting a detonating cord:
intercepting an explosion wire, wherein the intercepting length of the explosion wire is greater than the explosive filling depth of an explosive in a PVC pipe for filling the explosive, penetrating the explosion wire through the PVC pipe until the explosion wire extends to the bottom end of the PVC pipe, reserving a section of explosion wire at the top end of the PVC pipe, and fixing the reserved section of the explosion wire on the PVC pipe;
s30, charging:
selecting an explosive cartridge with the diameter matched with the size of the blast hole, rubbing the explosive cartridge, then loading the explosive cartridge into a PVC pipe to fill the explosive cartridge in the PVC pipe, loading a detonator at the top of the PVC pipe, fixing the detonator, a detonating cord and the explosive cartridge at the top of the PVC pipe, and inserting the PVC pipe into the corresponding blast hole;
s40, standing the blast hole filled with the explosive for 4-5 hours;
s50, using stemming to plug the space at the top of the PVC pipe;
s60, connecting the electric detonator leads in all the blast holes in series, wherein the initiation sequence is as follows: digging out a slot hole, an auxiliary hole and a peripheral hole;
s70, using the stemming to seal the blast hole, wherein the sealing length is more than 40-50% of the length of the blast hole.
2. The underground coal mine deep hole blasting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the big gun hole includes undercutting punchhole, supplementary punchhole and peripheral punchhole, wherein:
3-5 cut holes are uniformly arranged around the blasting central point;
4-6 auxiliary holes are uniformly arranged around the cutting holes;
7-10 peripheral holes are uniformly arranged around the auxiliary holes;
the depth of the cut hole is larger than the depth of the auxiliary hole and larger than the depth of the peripheral hole.
3. The underground coal mine deep hole blasting method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the diameter of each cut hole is phi 50mm, and the diameter of each auxiliary hole and the diameter of each peripheral hole are phi 40mm.
4. The underground coal mine deep hole blasting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S30, the bottom end of the PVC pipe is filled with stemming.
5. The underground coal mine deep hole blasting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S30, the PVC pipe is of a segmented structure, after the first PVC charge is completed, a second PVC pipe is selected, the detonating cord reserved in step S20 is inserted from the bottom end of the second PVC pipe and is extended from the top end of the second PVC pipe for reservation, the second PVC pipe is hermetically connected with the previous PVC pipe, then the second PVC pipe is filled with explosive cartridges, and the second PVC pipe is pushed into the corresponding blasthole; by analogy, a plurality of PVC pipes filled with explosive cartridges are filled into the blast hole eyes;
and the rest space at the top of the last PVC pipe is not filled with explosive cartridges.
6. The underground coal mine deep hole blasting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S30, the method for installing the electric detonator includes: and respectively installing a copper wire on two pin wires of the electric detonator, communicating the outer ends of the two copper wires to form a short circuit, installing the detonator into the last PVC pipe, and fixing the detonator, the detonating cord and the explosive cartridge.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111392675.1A CN114234748B (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Underground coal mine deep hole blasting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111392675.1A CN114234748B (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Underground coal mine deep hole blasting method |
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| CN114234748A CN114234748A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
| CN114234748B true CN114234748B (en) | 2023-03-28 |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2124006A1 (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1994-04-14 | Edward S. Pollock | Explosive packaging system |
| KR101319736B1 (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-10-17 | 우주식 | Structure for underwater blasting and blasting method therewith |
| CN103791788A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-05-14 | 山东科技大学 | Method for peripheral hole non-coupling continuous loading |
| CN204574977U (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-19 | 兰州资源环境职业技术学院 | A kind of deep hole blasting grouting for water blocking device |
| CN204594356U (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-08-26 | 中交一公局厦门工程有限公司 | The quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole |
| CN210346501U (en) * | 2019-07-27 | 2020-04-17 | 中铁十二局集团第二工程有限公司 | A all round hole loaded constitution for tunnel smooth blasting |
| CN111928746A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-11-13 | 甘肃路桥建设集团有限公司 | Energy-concerving and environment-protective digital detonator water pressure blasting loaded constitution in tunnel |
| CN112161534A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-01 | 重庆大学 | One-step mining control blasting method for mine underground upward access |
| CN112729028A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 中铁十六局集团有限公司 | Peripheral hole charging initiation method for tunnel blasting |
-
2021
- 2021-11-23 CN CN202111392675.1A patent/CN114234748B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2124006A1 (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1994-04-14 | Edward S. Pollock | Explosive packaging system |
| KR101319736B1 (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-10-17 | 우주식 | Structure for underwater blasting and blasting method therewith |
| CN103791788A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-05-14 | 山东科技大学 | Method for peripheral hole non-coupling continuous loading |
| CN204594356U (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-08-26 | 中交一公局厦门工程有限公司 | The quick spacing charge constitution of a kind of novel tunnel light blast hole |
| CN204574977U (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-19 | 兰州资源环境职业技术学院 | A kind of deep hole blasting grouting for water blocking device |
| CN210346501U (en) * | 2019-07-27 | 2020-04-17 | 中铁十二局集团第二工程有限公司 | A all round hole loaded constitution for tunnel smooth blasting |
| CN111928746A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-11-13 | 甘肃路桥建设集团有限公司 | Energy-concerving and environment-protective digital detonator water pressure blasting loaded constitution in tunnel |
| CN112161534A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-01 | 重庆大学 | One-step mining control blasting method for mine underground upward access |
| CN112729028A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 中铁十六局集团有限公司 | Peripheral hole charging initiation method for tunnel blasting |
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| CN114234748A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
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