CN103868419A - Smooth surface blasting construction method used in tunnel excavation process in hydraulic engineering - Google Patents
Smooth surface blasting construction method used in tunnel excavation process in hydraulic engineering Download PDFInfo
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- CN103868419A CN103868419A CN201410099340.4A CN201410099340A CN103868419A CN 103868419 A CN103868419 A CN 103868419A CN 201410099340 A CN201410099340 A CN 201410099340A CN 103868419 A CN103868419 A CN 103868419A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a smooth surface blasting construction method used in the tunnel excavation process in hydraulic engineering and belongs to the field of construction of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering. A hydraulic tunnel commonly has phenomena of low scar rate of blast holes, more back break, frequent occurrence of safety accidents and the like in the tunnel blasting construction. In the tunnel excavation process, a laser orientation instrument is adopted to control an axis and positions of blast holes are measured and formed according to a blast hole arrangement diagram; holes are drilled by a pneumatic drill, the hole pitch of peripheral holes are less than the minimum resistance line, the arc distance of the hole pitch is 40 to 60cm and the hole depth of each peripheral hole is 2 to 3m; the peripheral holes adopt a decoupling charge process and a decoupling coefficient is 1.2; and the peripheral holes adopt a spaced loading process and a detonating cord to detonate, the use quantity of explosives is controlled in the range of 150 to 250g/m. According to the invention, the scar rate of the blast holes can be improved, an excavation profile is effectively controlled, stability of surrounding rocks is ensured to the greatest degree, blast supplementing, muck loading, muck removing and primary supporting time is reduced, secondary lining cost is reduced, and the smooth surface blasting construction method is the preconditions of ensuring tunnel excavation quality, ensuring construction safety and improving economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
A kind of Smooth Blasting Construction method that the present invention relates to hydraulic engineering tunnel excavation, belongs to Construction for Hydroelectric Project technical field.
Background technology
Hydraulic tunnel is used in a large number in the water projects such as generating, diversion, hydraulic tunnel often has the features such as section is less, circuit long, geological condition is more complicated, in tunnel blasting construction, often expose that the residual trace rate in big gun hole is low, out break is more, the phenomenons such as security incident takes place frequently, Tunnel excavation quality, the more difficult control of safety.Grasp smooth Surface Blasting Technology and can improve the residual trace rate in big gun hole, making to excavate profile is controlled effectively, at utmost ensure the stable of country rock, reduce and mend big gun, dress quarrel, muck removal, preliminary bracing time, minimizing secondary lining expense is assurance tunnel excavation quality, ensure construction safety, the precondition of increasing economic efficiency.Photoface exploision is the technology that Tunnel Blasting construction must be grasped, improve.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes a kind of Smooth Blasting Construction method of hydraulic engineering tunnel excavation.The present invention, to adopt the hydraulic tunnel excavation project of drill bursting construction as analytic target, adopts the tunnel of other drill bursting constructions also to can be used as reference.This method principle is to arrange intensive big gun hole at tunnel excavation outline line, adopts not coupling charging, ignites hole explosive around with primacord, to form the bursting work of smooth contoured surface simultaneously.The realization of this method can reduce explosive consumption, controls the out break of excavation face, at utmost reduces the disturbance of explosion to country rock, reduce explosion harm, ensure the safety of operation side, reduce the workload of disposal of dangerous rock and surrounding rock supporting, when saving construction cost, guarantee construction quality.Therefore, there is good application prospect.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A Smooth Blasting Construction method for hydraulic engineering tunnel excavation, is characterized in that, step is as follows:
(1) in tunnel excavation process, adopt laser orientation instrument control axis, survey and establish big gun hole site according to big gun hole layout drawing;
(2) air drill pore-creating, periphery hole is apart from being less than the anti-line in the end, and pitch-row camber line distance is 40～60cm, periphery hole hole depth 2～3m;
(3) periphery hole adopts not coupling charging, adopts small medicine coil explosive, and blasthole diameter D and powder stick diameter Ф match, adopt not coefficient of coup δ to control, δ=D/ Ф, it has reflected the space degree between blasthole hole wall and powder stick, in the present invention, getting the not coefficient of coup is 1.2;
(4) periphery hole adopts spaced loading technique, primacord to ignite, and explosive consumption is controlled at 150～250g/m;
(5) blasting circuit adopts annular connection method, and initiation net connects the primacord entering in hole, combines closely with igniting primer, has guaranteed the success rate of photoface exploision.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) take the arrangement and method for construction that digs after first pilot tunnel, have larger free face when guaranteeing periphery hole explosion, reduce the explosive payload of periphery hole;
(2) when excavation is holed, determine reasonable hole depth (2～3m), reduce borehole throw, guarantee pore-creating quality, reduce the faulting of slab ends between circulation;
(3) periphery hole adopts not coupling charging, primacord to ignite technique, effectively reduces explosive use amount, and explosive consumption can be controlled at 0.15～0.25kg/m left and right, improves Smooth Blasting Effects;
(4) for preventing that first blast hole from breaking light blast hole primacord, the initiation net of light blast hole will adopt annular connection method, guarantees the success rate of photoface exploision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Smooth Blasting Construction method construction flow chart of hydraulic engineering tunnel excavation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the tunnel light blast hole primacord figure that is circular layout in the Smooth Blasting Construction method of hydraulic engineering tunnel excavation of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the Smooth Blasting Construction method of a kind of base hydraulic engineering tunnel excavation of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) in tunnel excavation process, adopt laser orientation instrument control axis, survey and establish big gun hole site according to big gun hole layout drawing;
(2) arrange intensive big gun hole at tunnel excavation outline line, adopt not coupling charging, ignite periphery hole explosive with primacord, to form the bursting work of smooth contoured surface simultaneously;
(3) air drill pore-creating, periphery hole pitch-row is less than the anti-line of smallest base, and pitch-row camber line distance is 40～60cm, the reasonable hole depth 2～3m of periphery hole;
(4) periphery hole adopts not coupling charging, adopts small medicine coil explosive, and blasthole diameter D and powder stick diameter Ф match, adopt not coefficient of coup δ to control, δ=D/ Ф, it has reflected the space degree between blasthole hole wall and powder stick, in the present invention, getting the not coefficient of coup is 1.2;
(5) periphery hole adopts spaced loading technique, primacord to ignite, and explosive consumption is controlled at 150～250g/m, and soft rock gets the small value, and hard rock is got large value;
(6) blasting circuit adopts annular connection method, initiation net connects the primacord entering in hole, combines closely with igniting primer, and detonating capsule is banded in the position that is no less than 15cm apart from primacord end, primacord lap-joint takes up with adhesive plaster, and coiling length is not less than 15cm;
(7) ventilation smoke exhaust: according to the arrangement of cavern's operational procedure, method, construction equipment configuration and draft type, method, to meet workmen's eupnea and to water down, get rid of the Maximum Ventilatory Volume of explosion, mechanical waste gas, pernicious gas etc., and meet cavern's minimum windspeed and be no more than maximum and allow that construct required ventilation and fanman of wind speed does the calculating of air quantity, blast, and select ventilation equipment according to calculating achievement.Leading indicator has: (1) ventilation equipment are all selected explosion-proof type; (2) ventilation time is pressed 45min calculating, and hundred meters of air leak rate of air curtain of airduct are calculated by 2.0%, and the time of slagging tap calculated by 2～4 hours; (3) everyone supply fresh air volume per minute is not less than 4m3; (4) 0.15m/s≤wind speed≤6m/s; ;
(8) after explosion, the safety inspection of the scope of operation mainly contains the inspection of demolition effect, processes in time blown-out shot, blind big gun, the danger stone of country rock is removed, to guarantee the safety of scope of operation workmen equipment;
(9) slag tap according to different construction requirement and execution conditions such as the geological conditions of section size, country rock, excavated volume, machinery support ability, economic benefit, operating environment and construction periods.Basic demand is: dress quarrel, transport capacity are greater than maximum excavation ability; Formulate transport project, unified command, improves conevying efficiency.
Claims (1)
1. a Smooth Blasting Construction method for hydraulic engineering tunnel excavation, is characterized in that: step is as follows:
(1) in tunnel excavation process, adopt laser orientation instrument control axis, survey and establish big gun hole site according to big gun hole layout drawing;
(2) air drill pore-creating, periphery hole pitch-row is less than the anti-line of smallest base, and pitch-row camber line distance is 40～60cm, and periphery hole hole depth is 2～3m;
(3) periphery hole adopts not coupling charging, adopts small medicine coil explosive, and blasthole diameter D and powder stick diameter Ф match, and adopts not coefficient of coup δ to control, δ=D/ Ф, and it has reflected the space degree between blasthole hole wall and powder stick, the coefficient of coup is not 1.2;
(4) periphery hole adopts spaced loading technique, primacord to ignite, and explosive consumption is controlled at 150～250g/m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410099340.4A CN103868419A (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | Smooth surface blasting construction method used in tunnel excavation process in hydraulic engineering |
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| CN201410099340.4A CN103868419A (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | Smooth surface blasting construction method used in tunnel excavation process in hydraulic engineering |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104634199A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-20 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Method for implementing tunnel periphery hole smooth blasting by means of detonating cord and nonel detonator |
| CN105298502A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-03 | 浙江省第一水电建设集团股份有限公司 | Construction method for blasting excavation of rock tunnel wall large diameter pipeline |
| CN106869939A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-20 | 中铁隧道勘测设计院有限公司 | A kind of water under high pressure splitting shaping and the construction method of drilling and blasting method use in conjunction tunneling |
| CN107503756A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2017-12-22 | 贵州安凯达实业股份有限公司 | A kind of drilling construction method for photoface exploision |
| CN108151596A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-12 | 中铁六局集团天津铁路建设有限公司 | Diversion Tunnel Blasting Excavation out break controls construction method |
| CN115077318A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-09-20 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Tunnel smooth blasting rapid charging method and simple connection process of detonation network |
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| JP2009228977A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-08 | Toda Constr Co Ltd | Blasting construction method |
| JP2013019658A (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-01-31 | Ohbayashi Corp | Spacer for excavation method by blasting which is fixed in explosive loading hole, and excavation method by blasting |
| CN103123247A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-05-29 | 重庆建工集团股份有限公司 | Damping blasting method for steep dip small crossing angle layered surrounding rock small-distance tunnel excavation |
| KR101350065B1 (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2014-01-15 | 주식회사 한화 | Method for blasting core center-cut |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2009228977A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-08 | Toda Constr Co Ltd | Blasting construction method |
| JP2013019658A (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-01-31 | Ohbayashi Corp | Spacer for excavation method by blasting which is fixed in explosive loading hole, and excavation method by blasting |
| KR101350065B1 (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2014-01-15 | 주식회사 한화 | Method for blasting core center-cut |
| CN103123247A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-05-29 | 重庆建工集团股份有限公司 | Damping blasting method for steep dip small crossing angle layered surrounding rock small-distance tunnel excavation |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104634199A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2015-05-20 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Method for implementing tunnel periphery hole smooth blasting by means of detonating cord and nonel detonator |
| CN104634199B (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2016-05-25 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Utilize primacord and Nonel detonator to realize the method for tunnel perimeter eye photoface exploision |
| CN105298502A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-03 | 浙江省第一水电建设集团股份有限公司 | Construction method for blasting excavation of rock tunnel wall large diameter pipeline |
| CN106869939A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-20 | 中铁隧道勘测设计院有限公司 | A kind of water under high pressure splitting shaping and the construction method of drilling and blasting method use in conjunction tunneling |
| CN107503756A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2017-12-22 | 贵州安凯达实业股份有限公司 | A kind of drilling construction method for photoface exploision |
| CN107503756B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-11-02 | 贵州安凯达实业股份有限公司 | A kind of drilling construction method for photoface exploision |
| CN108151596A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-12 | 中铁六局集团天津铁路建设有限公司 | Diversion Tunnel Blasting Excavation out break controls construction method |
| CN115077318A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-09-20 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Tunnel smooth blasting rapid charging method and simple connection process of detonation network |
| CN115077318B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2023-10-27 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Simple connection process of quick charging method for smooth blasting of tunnel and detonation network |
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Application publication date: 20140618 |