CN204125394U - A kind of small-sized solid waste biotransformer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model patent belongs to solid waste disposal technical field, particularly the small-sized solid waste biotransformer of one.It is the bio-reactor of the not edible biological moieties of various domestic refuse, plant and the various solidity refuse such as animal, slop, can realize reclamation of solid wastes, improves resource utilization.This biotransformer is mainly for the solid waste collection and treatment under the small-sized area environment such as family, dining room, laboratory.This aerobic solid waste biotransformer is made up of support frame module 1, fermentor tank module 2, control module 3, cooling exhaust module 4, power plant module 5.Realized the movement of whole reactor by support frame module 1, save labor force; Fermentor tank module 2, cooling exhaust module 4 and the common complete obsolete biology aerobic conversion processing of power plant module 5; The automatization of control module 3 realization response device, controlledization, greatly saves human and material resources.Whole reactor design is exquisite, attractive in appearance, practical, easy and simple to handle, energy-saving and emission-reduction.

Description

A small solid waste bioconverter

technical field

The utility model patent belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a miniaturized aerobic solid waste bioconverter. It is a bioreactor for various solid wastes such as various domestic garbage, inedible plant parts, animals, and human excrement, which can realize the recycling of solid waste and improve the utilization rate of resources. The bioconverter can be used for solid waste collection and treatment in small-scale environments such as homes, canteens, and laboratories, and can also be used for continuous solid waste treatment in large-area environments such as farms and factories. The invention is exquisite in design, beautiful in appearance, strong in practicability, easy to operate, energy-saving and emission-reducing. the

Background technique

The problem of environmental pollution has become a domestic and even worldwide problem, and most of the causes of environmental pollution are the unreasonable treatment of various wastes by human beings. For all kinds of waste, in addition to simple classification and treatment, traditional physical and chemical methods cannot fundamentally solve the pressure on the environment. People are increasingly inclined to use biological methods, such as composting. This method can not only ensure the rational transformation and recycling of waste, but also alleviate the problem of environmental pollution. It is a general method that serves multiple purposes. However, the common composting method adopts the outdoor method, and there are special large-scale waste equipment for processing in large farms or factories. With the increasing population and decreasing land area, outdoor composting has become a difficult problem; and we know that the current equipment for solid waste treatment is very large, occupying a large area and consuming a lot of energy, which is only suitable for It is used in large places such as factories, and small places such as each family and laboratory are also the main source of waste. How to solve the waste generated by ourselves? We propose to design and invent a small solid waste bioconverter, and apply it to small places such as families. the

At present, large-scale waste treatment equipment is quite perfect whether it is for gas, water or solid. Some literatures have also mentioned small and simple devices for composting treatment, but they are generally static anaerobic fermentation, which will produce various wastes. Exhaust gas, low efficiency, for the reactor of aerobic composting, especially for the solid waste (comprising human excrement) processing equipment of small places such as family, there is no official report yet. At the same time, for groups with great practicability in rural areas, it is an urgent problem to quickly recycle various wastes (various plant straws, animal excrement and domestic waste) and create greater value. the

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model patent is to propose a small-scale aerobic solid waste bioconverter that is automatically controllable, easy to operate, energy-saving and emission-reducing, and exquisitely designed and beautiful. the

In order to achieve the above research purposes, this aerobic solid waste bioconverter was designed and invented, including a support frame module 1, a fermenter module 2, a control module 3, a cooling and exhaust module 4, and a power module 5, which is characterized in that the support frame module 1 It is used to support the fermenter module 2, the control module 3, the cooling and exhaust module 4 and the power module 5. By starting the control module 3, the solid waste in the fermenter module 2 can be fermented with the assistance of the power module 5. The gas is discharged through the cooling exhaust module 4. The invention is characterized by the advantages of small footprint, mobility, controllable conditions, energy saving and emission reduction, easy operation, and complete functions. It can be applied to solid waste treatment in small occasions such as homes and laboratories, and can also be used in large farms and High-efficiency conversion of large-scale solid waste such as factories. the

The support frame module 1 is made of stainless steel, and the support frame is designed as a stable square configuration, which is divided into two layers. The control module 3, the cooling exhaust module 4 and the power module 5 are all fixed on the upper layer of the support frame module 1; The tank module 2 occupies the upper and lower floors; the lower part of the support frame module 1 is moved and fixed by rollers 6 . the

The fermenter module 2 is the key to the entire design, including a tank body 32, a feed port 7, a discharge port 8, an air inlet 9, an air outlet 10, a pressure transmitter 11, a water supply tank 12, a central axis 14, Stirring paddle 15, hair brush 16, temperature sensor 17, humidity sensor 13. The section of the tank body 32 is an egg-shaped structure, with a semicircle at the bottom and a semi-ellipse at the top. The minor axis of the semi-ellipse is equal to the diameter and length of the semi-circle. This design is conducive to the air circulation above the material and gas exchange; one side of the tank is connected The feed port 7, the feed port is sealed with a sealed door, and the feed port and the sealed door are fixed with screw buttons to strengthen the airtightness. At the same time, a glass window is installed on the sealed door for observation; The feed port 7 is symmetrical up and down, and the size of the opening and the design of the sealing type are the same as those of the feed port 7 . A central shaft 14 , a stirring paddle 15 and a brush 16 are installed inside the tank body 32 . The central shaft 14 is made of stainless steel, solid, and is located in the center of the tank (on the interface between the semicircle and the semiellipse). The hairbrush 16 of grinding property, the top of the hairbrush 16 and the fermenter tank body 32 interiors have a certain distance to avoid solid waste from blocking the air outlet, so that the aerobic fermentation is more fully. Two symmetrical humidity sensors 13 are embedded right above the tank body 32 to test the humidity of the upper air, and adjust the moisture content of the material through the relationship between the upper air humidity and the moisture content of the material in the actual fermentation tank of the material; Two temperature sensors 17 are embedded right below the body, which are left and right symmetrical, and are used to directly measure the temperature of the material. The top of the tank is connected with a replenishment tank 12 and an air outlet 10, and one side is connected with an air inlet 9 and a pressure transmitter. of stressful situations to make adjustments in real time. The pretreated solid waste enters the tank body 32 through the feed port 7, and the air enters through the air inlet 9 when the pressure transmitter 11 is working normally. Fully carry out aerobic fermentation. During the fermentation process, the temperature sensor 17 located at the bottom tests the temperature of the material, and the humidity sensor 13 at the top tests the humidity of the air above. When the humidity is lower than the set value, the water supply tank 12 will automatically open the valve and start replenishing water until the humidity is reached. Suitable, the gas produced by fermentation is discharged through the gas outlet 10, and the material is discharged through the outlet 8 after the fermentation is completed. The heating of the whole fermentation tank adopts electric heating, adopts PTC thermistor for heating and temperature control, the middle can be filled with insulation cotton, and the outer layer of the tank body 32 is wrapped with stainless steel. the

Described control module 3 comprises editable logic controller PLC 33, control panel 18, open button 19, close button 20 and emergency stop button 21, editable logic controller PLC 33 is positioned at the inside of control module, and all the other are positioned at its External, and the location arrangement can be arbitrary. The control panel 18 adopts a man-machine interface, and the control elements include control electrical appliances such as air circuit breakers, contactors, buttons and intermediate relays. After pressing the open button 19, the control panel 18 presents the parameter setting interface and starts setting, which is controlled by the editable logic controller PLC. After the test is completed, press the close button 20 to close the device; in an emergency, press the emergency stop button 21 to close the device . The functions of this module are automated and easy to operate. the

The cooling exhaust module 4 includes a condensing fan 22 , a curved pipe 23 , an exhaust gas treatment tank 24 and an exhaust fan 25 . Among them, the gas outlet 10 is connected to a plurality of curved pipes 23, and the gas in the tank enters the curved pipe 23 through the gas outlet 10 and is cooled by the condensing fan 22. 23 The liquid formed by cooling and condensing flows back into the fermenter along the curved pipe, and the gas cooled by the condensing fan 22 reaches the tail gas treatment tank 24, which is equipped with a deodorizing film 26 and an ultraviolet lamp 27. The deodorizing film 26 includes a One layer of HEPA (High efficiency particulate air Filter) high-efficiency filter to absorb odors and tiny particles above 0.3 microns, and another layer is a biological deodorization film that can absorb odorous macromolecules; the ultraviolet lamp 27 is installed on the top of the exhaust gas treatment tank 24 , the wiring can be drawn from the top to sterilize the filtered gas and kill the microorganisms brought out. The gas after cooling, deodorization and disinfection is discharged through the exhaust fan 25 and enters the environment. the

The key technology of the power module 5 is the transmission system. The power module 5 includes a variable frequency motor 28 , a driven gear 29 and a driving gear 30 . The frequency conversion motor 28 is directly connected with the driving gear 30, and the driving gear 30 drives the driven gear 29 to complete the stirring of the stirring system in the tank through gear transmission. At the same time, from the perspective of safety, it is necessary to install the protective cover 31 . the

The utility model patent has the advantages of:

1. Each module in the utility model can be disassembled, and can also be moved by rollers, which greatly saves labor. the

2. The condensed water in the utility model can be directly returned to the inside of the reactor without being discharged, which saves space. the

3. The exhaust module in the utility model adds a processing function, and the gas is no longer simply discharged, but needs to be discharged after deodorization and disinfection. the

4. The design of the inlet and outlet of the utility model takes into account the principles of ergonomics, and will not affect the inlet and outlet due to being too high or too low. At the same time, a glass window is added to the inlet, which can be observed through the glass window The state of the material inside the reactor. the

5. The shape design of this utility model is not a conventional cylinder, but compatible with the advantages of cylinders and ellipsoids, so that compared with cylinders, the gas circulation will be smoother, and there is also a certain distance between the blade and the upper arm. Avoid materials blocking the air outlet to cause anaerobic fermentation. the

6. The utility model is easy to operate and basically realizes automation. No matter it is temperature, humidity or oxygen supply, it can be adjusted by itself, which saves labor. the

7. The utility model is widely used, especially in the vast majority of rural areas. At present, the crop stalks in the farmland are generally treated by incineration, which not only pollutes the environment, but also cannot realize the recycling of waste. If it is applied to farmers, it will Aerobic composting of crop stalks, human and animal excrement can quickly realize the recycling of waste and return it to the farmland as fertilizer. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the side view of the utility model fermenter;

Fig. 3 is the local front view of stirring structure of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is the side view of the utility model gear;

In the picture:

1-Support module 2-Fermentation tank module 3-Control module 4-Cooling and exhaust module

5-Power module 6-Roller 7-Inlet 8-Outlet

9-Inlet 10-Outlet 11-Pressure transmitter 12-Water tank

13-Humidity sensor 14-Central shaft 15-Stirring paddle 16-Brush

17-Temperature sensor 18-Control panel 19-Open button 20-Close button

21-Emergency stop button 22-Condensing fan 23-Bend pipe 24-Exhaust gas treatment tank

25-Exhaust fan 26-Deodorizing film 27-Ultraviolet lamp 28-Frequency conversion motor

29-driven gear 30-driving gear 31-safety protection cover 32-tank

33- Programmable logic controller PLC

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing. the

As shown in FIG. 1 , the small aerobic solid waste bioconverter of the present invention is composed of a support frame module 1 , a fermenter module 2 , a control module 3 , a cooling and exhaust module 4 , and a power module 5 . The support frame module 1 can be made into a stable quadrilateral structure, which is divided into two layers. The control module 3, the cooling and exhaust module 4 and the power module 5 are all fixed on the upper layer of the support frame module 1; the fermenter module 2 occupies the upper and lower two layers. layer; the lower part of the support frame module 1 is moved and fixed by rollers 6 . The fermenter module 2 includes a tank body 32, a feed inlet 7, a discharge outlet 8, an air inlet 9, an air outlet 10, a pressure transmitter 11, a water supply tank 12, a central shaft 14, a stirring paddle 15, a brush 16 and Temperature sensor 17, humidity sensor 13. One side of the tank body 32 is connected to the feed port 7, and the feed port is sealed with a sealed door, and the feed port and the sealed door are all fixed with screw buttons to enhance airtightness, and glass windows are installed on the sealed door for observation; The position of the port 8 is symmetrical to that of the feed port 7 up and down, and the size of the opening and the design of the sealing type are the same as those of the feed port 7 . Two symmetrical humidity sensors 13 are embedded right above the tank body 32 to test the humidity of the upper air, and adjust the moisture content of the material through the relationship between the upper air humidity and the moisture content of the material in the actual fermentation tank of the material; Two temperature sensors 17 are embedded right below the body, which are left and right symmetrical, and are used to directly measure the temperature of the material. The top of the tank is connected with a replenishment tank 12 and an air outlet 10, and one side is connected with an air inlet 9 and a pressure transmitter. of stressful situations to make adjustments in real time. According to the cross-section of the tank body 32 shown in Figure 2, it is an egg-shaped structure, the bottom is a semicircle, and the top is a semi-ellipse. The minor axis of the semi-ellipse is equal to the diameter and length of the semi-circle. Such a design is conducive to the air circulation above the material and the exchange of gas; Inside the tank body 32, a central shaft 14, a stirring paddle 15 and a hair brush 16 are installed, and a wear-resistant brush 16 is installed at the end of the stirring paddle 15. There is a certain distance between the hair brush 16 and the top of the fermentation tank body 32. Avoid solid waste to block the air outlet, so that the aerobic fermentation is more complete. According to the central axis 14 shown in Figure 3, it is made of stainless steel, solid, and is located at the center of the tank (on the interface between the semicircle and the semiellipse). The pretreated solid waste enters the tank body 32 through the feed port 7, and the air enters through the air inlet 9 when the pressure transmitter 11 is working normally. Fully carry out aerobic fermentation. During the fermentation process, the temperature sensor 17 located at the bottom tests the temperature of the material, and the humidity sensor 13 at the top tests the humidity of the air above. When the humidity is lower than the set value, the water supply tank 12 will automatically open the valve and start replenishing water until the humidity is reached. Suitable, the gas produced by fermentation is discharged through the gas outlet 10, and the material is discharged through the outlet 8 after the fermentation is completed. The heating of the whole fermentation tank adopts electric heating, adopts PTC thermistor for heating and temperature control, the middle can be filled with insulation cotton, and the outer layer of the tank body 32 is wrapped with stainless steel. According to shown in Figure 1, control module 3 comprises editable logic controller PLC 33, control panel 18, open button 19, close button 20 and emergency stop button 21 and form. The control panel 18 adopts a man-machine interface, and the control elements include control electrical appliances such as air circuit breakers, contactors, buttons and intermediate relays. After pressing the open button 19, the control panel 18 presents the parameter setting interface and starts setting, which is controlled by the editable logic controller PLC. After the test is completed, press the close button 20 to close the device; in an emergency, press the emergency stop button 21 to close the device . The functions of this module are automated and easy to operate. Cooling exhaust module 4 comprises condensing fan 22, curved pipe 23, tail gas treatment tank 24 and exhaust fan 25. Among them, the gas outlet 10 is connected to a plurality of curved pipes 23, and the gas in the tank enters the curved pipe 23 through the gas outlet 10 and is cooled by the condensing fan 22. 23 The cooled and condensed liquid flows back into the fermenter along the curved pipe, and the gas cooled by the condensing fan 22 reaches the tail gas treatment tank 24, which is equipped with a deodorizing film 26 and an ultraviolet lamp 27. The deodorizing film 26 includes a One layer of HEPA (High efficiency particulate air Filter) high-efficiency filter screen to absorb odors and tiny particles above 0.3 microns, and another layer is a biological deodorization film that can absorb odorous macromolecules; the ultraviolet lamp 27 is installed on the top of the exhaust gas treatment tank 24 , the wiring can be drawn from the top to sterilize the filtered gas and kill the microorganisms brought out. The gas after cooling, deodorization and disinfection is discharged through the exhaust fan 25 and enters the environment. The power module 5 includes a variable frequency motor 28 , a driven gear 29 and a driving gear 30 . The frequency conversion motor 28 is directly connected with the driving gear 30, and the driving gear 30 drives the driven gear 29 to complete the stirring of the stirring system in the tank through gear transmission. At the same time, from the perspective of safety, it is necessary to install the protective cover 31 . As shown in FIG. 4 , the driving gear 30 is externally meshed with the driven gear. the

Generally speaking, by starting the control module 3, the solid waste in the fermenter module 2 is assisted by the power module 5 to complete the fermentation, and the gas generated by the fermentation is exhausted through the cooling and exhaust module 4 to complete the fermentation process. the

Claims (6)

1. a small-sized solid waste biotransformer, comprise support frame module (1), fermentor tank module (2), control module (3), cooling exhaust module (4) and power plant module (5), it is characterized in that support frame module (1) is for supporting fermentor tank module (2), control module (3), cooling exhaust module (4) and power plant module (5), the solid waste in fermentor tank module (2) is made to complete fermentation under the assistance of power plant module (5) by starting control module (3), the gas produced that simultaneously ferments is discharged by cooling exhaust module (4).

2. a kind of small-sized solid waste biotransformer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that support frame module (1) is in stable tetragonal body configuration, be divided into two-layer, control module (3), exhaust module (4) of lowering the temperature, power plant module (5) are all fixed on the upper strata of support frame module (1); Fermentor tank module (2); Occupy two-layer up and down; Adopt roller (6) mobile and fixing below support frame module (1).

3. a kind of small-sized solid waste biotransformer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that fermentor tank module (2) comprises tank body (32), opening for feed (7), discharge port (8), inlet mouth (9), air outlet (10), pressure unit (11), replenisher tank (12), central shaft (14), stirring rake (15), hairbrush (16) and temperature sensor (17), humidity sensor (13), tank body (32) cross section is egg type structure, and below is semicircle, and top is semiellipse, and semielliptical minor axis is equal with the diameter length of semicircle, tank body side connection opening for feed (7), opening for feed adopts hermatic door sealing, and opening for feed and hermatic door surrounding all adopt spiral button fixing to strengthen resistance to air loss, and on hermatic door, mounting glass window supplies to observe simultaneously, the position of discharge port (8) and opening for feed (7) are symmetrical up and down, and openings of sizes and stopping property design all identical with opening for feed (7), tank body (32) inside is provided with central shaft (14), stirring rake (15) and hairbrush (16), central shaft (14) adopts stainless steel, solid, be positioned at the central position of tank body, all stirring rakes (15) all connect and perpendicular to central shaft (14), install the hairbrush (16) of wear resistance material at the end of stirring rake (15), symmetrical two humidity sensors (13) are embedded with directly over tank body (32), two temperature sensors (17) are embedded with immediately below tank body, symmetrical, tank body top connects replenisher tank (12) and air outlet (10), and side connects inlet mouth (9) and pressure unit (11), pretreated solid waste enters in tank body (32) through opening for feed (7), air is entered by inlet mouth (9) under pressure unit (11) normal operation, under the stirring of stirring rake (15) and the scavenging(action) of hairbrush (16), material fully carries out aerobic fermentation, temperature sensor (17) the test temperature of charge of below is positioned in fermenting process, the humidity of humidity sensor (13) the test upper air of top is when humidity is lower than set(ting)value, replenisher tank (12) can start moisturizing until humidity is suitable by automatic Open valve, the gas that fermentation produces is discharged through air outlet (10), after fermentation ends, material is by discharge port (8) discharging.

4. a kind of small-sized solid waste biotransformer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that control module (3) comprises programmable logic controller PLC (33), control panel (18), opens button (19), X button (20) and scram button (21); Press after opening button (19), namely control panel (18) presents optimum configurations interface starts to arrange, and complete control by programmable logic controller PLC (33), press X button (20) closing device after off-test; In emergency circumstances press scram button (21) closing device.

5. a kind of small-sized solid waste biotransformer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that cooling exhaust module (4) is made up of condensation fan (22), bending pipe (23), vent gas treatment groove (24), exhaust blower (25); Air outlet (10) connects multiple bending pipe (23); Gas in tank body (32) enters bending pipe (23) through condensation fan (22) cooling by air outlet (10), and simultaneously portion gas blows back in fermentor tank through bending pipe (23) liquid be condensed into of lowering the temperature along bending tube wall; Gas after condensation fan (22) cooling arrives vent gas treatment groove (24), deodorizing film (26) and ultraviolet lamp (27) are housed inside it, deodorizing film (26) comprises one deck HEPA (High efficiency particulate air Filter) high efficiency particulate air with the molecule of adsorb peculiar smell and more than 0.3 micron, also has one deck to be that biological deodorizing film can the macromolecular substance of adsorb peculiar smell; Ultraviolet lamp (27) is arranged on the top of vent gas treatment groove (24), carries out sterilizing, kill the microorganism of taking out of to the gas after filtering; Gas after cooling, deodorizing, sterilization is discharged, in entered environment through exhaust blower (25).

6. a kind of small-sized solid waste biotransformer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that power plant module (5), comprises variable-frequency motor (28), follower gear (29), driving toothed gear (30); Variable-frequency motor (28) is directly connected with driving toothed gear (30), and driving toothed gear (30) drives follower gear (29) to complete the stirring of solid waste in tank; On the right side of driving and driven gear, protective guard (31) is installed.