CN203844852U - 机动车辆塑料车身面板和机动车辆 - Google Patents

机动车辆塑料车身面板和机动车辆 Download PDF

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CN203844852U
CN203844852U CN201420189030.7U CN201420189030U CN203844852U CN 203844852 U CN203844852 U CN 203844852U CN 201420189030 U CN201420189030 U CN 201420189030U CN 203844852 U CN203844852 U CN 203844852U
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panel
plastic
power actuated
actuated vehicle
window panel
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艾丽西亚·阿吉乌斯
汤姆·奥韦林顿
迈克尔·布朗
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • B62D29/04Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
    • B62D29/043Superstructures
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/164The moulding materials being injected simultaneously
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1671Making multilayered or multicoloured articles with an insert
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0018Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
    • B29K2995/0025Opaque
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0018Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
    • B29K2995/0026Transparent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3005Body finishings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3052Windscreens
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60JWINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J5/00Doors
    • B60J5/04Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
    • B60J5/048Doors arranged at the vehicle sides characterised by the material
    • B60J5/0481Doors arranged at the vehicle sides characterised by the material plastic

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种机动车辆塑料车身面板,其包括:塑料窗面板和形成该机动车辆的部分外表面的不透明塑料面板,其中,塑料窗面板被成型为机动车辆塑料车身面板的组成部分。本实用新型还公开了一种机动车辆,其包括上述的机动车辆塑料车身面板。本实用新型提供的机动车辆塑料车身面板使得塑料窗面板和不透明塑料面板之间无需密封件,从而降低组装费用以及减少渗水的可能性。

Description

机动车辆塑料车身面板和机动车辆
技术领域
本实用新型涉及机动车辆,尤其涉及机动车辆塑料车身面板。
背景技术
众所周知,使用塑料车身面板的机动车辆在窗框中安装有玻璃窗面板且在窗面板与车身面板之间设置有密封件以防止进水。这种布置的缺点在于:玻璃的重量是相当大的,因此组装后的玻璃窗面板和塑料车身面板的重量也高于预期的重量。此外,在塑料车身面板与玻璃窗面板之间提供密封件既费时又昂贵,并且这种密封件容易退化,并继而导致泄漏风险。
所以越来越需要减少机动车辆的重量,因为这会降低燃料消耗。因此,机动车辆使用塑料的固定车窗是满足需要的也是有利的,因为其具有明显减少重量的前景。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种具有塑料窗的机动车辆塑料车身面板。
根据本实用新型的第一方面,提供了一种机动车辆塑料车身面板,其包括塑料窗面板和形成机动车辆的部分外表面的不透明塑料面板,其中,塑料窗面板成型为机动车辆塑料车身面板的组成部分。
塑料窗板和不透明塑料面板可以通过共成型工艺和附着成型工艺中的一种形成。
塑料窗面板可以具有外周边界,并且塑料窗面板的外周边界可嵌入到不透明塑料面板内。
不透明塑料面板可以具有形成窗框的孔,并且窗框可限定塑料窗面板的外周边界的内周边。
根据本实用新型的第二方面,提供了一种机动车辆,其具有至少一个根据本实用新型的第一方面所构造的塑料车身面板。
根据本实用新型的第三方面,提供了一种用于制造一体式机动车辆塑料车身面板的方法,机动车辆塑料车身面板具有塑料窗面板和不透明塑料面板,不透明塑料面板具有在使用中形成机动车辆的部分外部表面的外表面,其中,该方法包括:由第一塑料材料形成塑料窗面板,以及将第二塑料材料注入到塑料窗面板所在的模具中,以便将窗面板的外周边界嵌入到第二塑料材料中并形成不透明塑料面板。
形成塑料窗面板可包括:在将第二塑料材料注入模具中以形成不透明塑料面板之前,将第一塑料材料注入到模具中以制造塑料窗面板。
可选地,形成塑料窗面板也可包括:在将第二塑料材料注入模具中以形成不透明塑料面板之前,由第一塑料制造具有所需尺寸和形状的塑料窗面板,并将塑料窗面板放置在模具中。
不透明塑料面板具有窗框部分,塑料窗面板的外周边界嵌入到窗框部分中。
提供的机动车辆塑料车身面板的优点在于,塑料窗面板和不透明塑料面板之间无需密封件,从而降低组装费用以及减少渗水的可能性。
附图说明
现将参照附图通过实例来描述本实用新型,在附图中:
图1是根据本实用新型的第二方面的机动车辆的示意侧视图,该机动车辆具有根据本实用新型的第一方面的一对塑料车身面板;以及
图2是沿着图1中的线X-X的截面图。
具体实施方式
参照图1,其示出了机动车辆10,机动车辆10具有的车身结构包括两个后部塑料车身面板11,其中,仅左侧的面板11可见。机动车辆10具有前端“F”、后端“R”以及四个车轮14,其中,至少两个车轮14由机动车辆10的传动系统(未示出)驱动。机动车辆10包括一对前车门13(仅左侧的前车门13可见)以及各种其他外部车身面板,如行李箱盖(未示出)、发动机盖(未示出)、一对前翼15(仅左侧的前翼15可见)以及车顶19,它们都可由塑料制成。
每个后部塑料车身面板11均包括具有孔的不透明塑料面板部分12以及固定的、不可移动的塑料窗面板20,其中,不透明塑料面板部分12的孔形成了窗框12f,并且固定的、不可移动的塑料窗面板20形成为后部车身面板11的组成部分。
不透明塑料面板12具有内表面16和外表面17,外表面17形成了机动车辆的外表面的一部分。
塑料窗面板20具有外周21,其嵌入不透明塑料面板12中,从而使得塑料窗面板20的外周边界处于不透明塑料面板12内。塑料窗面板20的外周边界对应于塑料窗面板20的嵌入不透明塑料面板12中的部分,窗框12f限定了塑料窗面板20的外周边界的内周边。
塑料窗面板20可以由具有良好的透光率和耐擦伤性的任何合适的透明塑料制成。一种这样的塑料材料是聚碳酸酯,但本实用新型并不局限于使用聚碳酸酯。虽然塑料窗面板20是透明的,但其不一定是无色的,可根据所处位置进行着色。
不透明塑料面板12成型在塑料窗面板20上方,这样使得两者之间无需密封件。不透明塑料面板可以采用各种材料,包括但不限于ABS(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene,丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯)、增强塑料(如,纤维增强聚丙烯)、以及具有用作机动车辆车身面板所需的充分热稳定性和强度的其他可注塑成型塑料。
可以通过多种方法制造后部车身面板11,在第一种优选方法中,使用了二次注塑共成型工艺。在此工艺中,将第一塑料材料注入到模具的第一腔体中,以形成塑料窗面板20,然后将第二塑料材料注入到模具的第二腔体中。第二塑料材料在窗面板20的外周边界的周围流动,以便使窗面板20嵌入第二塑料中,并且也在模具腔体中流动以生成所需的不透明塑料面板12的内表面16和外表面17。
应该理解,这两种塑料材料可以是相同的基本塑料,但具有不同的特性,而两者最显著的区别在于:一种是透明的,而另一种不是透明的。
虽然上述工艺是二次注塑共成型工艺,但应该理解,如果使用两种以上的材料,那么该工艺可以包括两次以上的注塑次数。例如,外饰件也可以围绕窗面板20形成为后部车身面板11的组成部分和/或触感柔软的内饰板可形成在后部塑料车身面板11的内表面16的一部分上。在这种情况下,需要三或四次注塑成型过程。美国专利申请2012/0235436公开了一种生成装饰面板的方法,并且美国专利申请2012/0235436中所公开的技术可适用于生成围绕窗面板20的装饰板。
使用共成型工艺的优点包括:由于无需将零件转移到另外工具上,所以具有更快的循环周期;以及减少了对两次注塑之间的错误的处理。
在替代方法中,通过第一工艺将窗面板制造成具有所需形状和尺寸,该工艺可以是注塑成型工艺。然后,将尺寸和形状经设定的塑料窗面板放置在模具中,其中,将塑料材料注入到模具中以形成不透明塑料面板12。如前面所述,模具的形状经过设定以形成不透明车身面板12的内表面16和外表面17。这种工艺有时也被称为“附着成型”或“嵌入成型”。
本实用新型的一个优点在于以经济的方式形成了一块塑料车身面板。另一个优点在于塑料窗面板和不透明塑料面板之间无需密封件,这是因为这两个组件一起成型。
虽然已参照实例(在该实例中,塑料车身面板是后部车身面板)描述了本实用新型,但应该理解,本实用新型并不限于使用该实例。其他潜在的应用包括,例如但不局限于,后挡板、前后挡风玻璃、固定天窗和/或全景车顶。
本实用新型的一些优点在于,由于整个车身面板使用塑料制成,因此使得车身面板构造的质量变轻,同时,减少了部件数量(例如,可能不需要夹件和次装饰面板)并降低了成本,而一体式塑料外部面板和车窗使得需要组装的部件的数量减少,进而减少了组装的时间。
本领域的技术人员应该理解,虽然参照一个或多个实施例通过实例的方式描述了本实用新型,但并不局限于所公开的实施例,也应该理解,在不背离所附权利要求限定的本实用新型的范围的前提下,可以构造替代实施例。

Claims (4)

1.一种机动车辆塑料车身面板,其特征在于,包括:塑料窗面板和形成机动车辆的部分外表面的不透明塑料面板,其中,所述塑料窗面板被成型为所述机动车辆塑料车身面板的组成部分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机动车辆塑料车身面板,其特征在于,所述塑料窗面板具有外周边界,并且所述塑料窗面板的外周边界嵌入到所述不透明塑料面板内。
3.根据权利要求2所述的机动车辆塑料车身面板,其特征在于,所述不透明塑料面板具有形成窗框的孔,并且所述塑料窗面板的外周边界的内周边被所述窗框限定。
4.一种机动车辆,其特征在于,具有至少一个根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的机动车辆塑料车身面板。
CN201420189030.7U 2013-05-01 2014-04-17 机动车辆塑料车身面板和机动车辆 Expired - Fee Related CN203844852U (zh)

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US10434846B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2019-10-08 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Surfaces of plastic glazing of tailgates
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US11766965B2 (en) 2015-11-23 2023-09-26 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Illuminated graphic in an automotive plastic glazing

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GB201307893D0 (en) 2013-06-12
US20140327269A1 (en) 2014-11-06
RU146307U1 (ru) 2014-10-10
IN2014CH02082A (zh) 2015-07-03
US9499214B2 (en) 2016-11-22

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