CN202813359U - Dual-bed system for preventing boiler heating surface from being fouled - Google Patents
Dual-bed system for preventing boiler heating surface from being fouled Download PDFInfo
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- CN202813359U CN202813359U CN 201220492123 CN201220492123U CN202813359U CN 202813359 U CN202813359 U CN 202813359U CN 201220492123 CN201220492123 CN 201220492123 CN 201220492123 U CN201220492123 U CN 201220492123U CN 202813359 U CN202813359 U CN 202813359U
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 241000273930 Brevoortia tyrannus Species 0.000 description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002635 electroconvulsive therapy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010884 boiler slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a dual-bed system for preventing a boiler heating surface from being fouled. The dual-bed system comprises a fluidized bed, a cyclone separator, a coal ash distributor, an ash coal mixer, a down pyrolysis bed, a return feeder and a purifying device, wherein the cyclone separator is communicated with the side surface of the upper end of the fluidized bed, an outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated to an inlet of the coal ash distributor, two outlets of the coal ash distributor are respectively communicated to an inlet of the return feeder and an inlet of the ash coal mixer, an outlet of the ash coal mixer is communicated with an inlet of the down pyrolysis bed, two outlets of the down pyrolysis bed are respectively communicated to the inlet of the return feeder and an inlet of the purifying device, the return feeder is close to the side surface of the lower end of the fluidized bed, the return feeder is communicated with an inlet in the side wall of the lower end of the fluidized bed, and an outlet of the purifying device is communicated to the inlet in the side wall of the lower end of the fluidized bed. According to the dual-bed system, volatilizable sodium in coal can be removed through pyrolysis, the content of the sodium element in the coal can be reduced, the pollution to a convection heating surface of a boiler can be reduced, the heat exchange efficiency of a heat exchange surface can be increased, and the boiler steam rate is stabilized.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the correlation technique that alleviates the boiler heating surface contamination, more particularly, relates to a kind of double bed system that prevents that boiler heating surface from staiing.
Background technology
China's power industry is take thermal power generation as main, and the thermoelectricity installed capacity surpasses more than 70%.The many employings of thermoelectricity steam coal low grade coal inferior, the slag and fouling problem of the slagging scorification of boiler furnace water-cooling wall, convection heating surface is one of major issue of the normal operation of the Long-term Effect station boiler.Slagging scorification and the meeting of contamination reduce the heat transfer efficiency of boiler, affect boiler output, so that the safety in operation of equipment seriously reduces, may cause the major accidents such as burner hearth is flame-out, booster, unplanned blowing out when slagging scorification is serious.
For the variety of issue that prevents from bringing owing to slag and fouling, Chinese scholars has been carried out a large amount of research to the mechanism of slag and fouling, has proposed a plurality of slagging scorification and has judged indexes.But these slagging scorification judge that index has significant limitation in actual application, can only can not fundamentally solve the harm problem of staiing boiler as preliminary judgement.Also have the scholar to propose the slagging scorification problem of slowing down boiler with the temperature in the control burner hearth by regulating boiler combustion, but in practice not convenient operation be not promoted yet.For the high alkalinity coal, because the volatilization of alkali metal in the coal forms one deck bottoming attachment in the boiler heating surface condensation easily, the bottoming owner will exist with sodium chloride or sodium sulphate form.After mentioned component volatilizees under hot environment, easily condense in the ash deposition that forms sintering or bonding on the convection heating surface, along with the suction-operated of attachment to flying dust, meeting is so that contamination phenomenon in various degree appears in convection heating surface, and pollutant can't use soot blower to remove, thereby cause the heating surface heat-transfer capability to descend, cause the problems such as exhaust gas temperature rising, final reduction causes blowing out so that burner hearth is exerted oneself greatly.
Domesticly utilize the high alkalinity coal also to lack the engineering operation experience for burning, only problem is stain in the burning of coal of research high alkalinity in the indivedual power plant of Xinjiang region, do not utilize efficiently at present way, the mode of just mixing burning by outer coal alleviates the contamination problem, outer coal is mixed firing method and is actually by adding other low alkalinity metal coals, has reduced alkali-metal relative amount in the raw coal.The ratio of Boiler Mixed Burning high alkalinity coal should not surpass 30%, and when mixed-fuel burning proportion increased, it is serious that convection heating surface stains dust stratification, forms the flue gas corridor, and sweep of gases causes high temperature reheater, high temperature superheater to leak.Because Xinjiang region high alkalinity coal utilization mode mostly is electric power stations near coal-mines, the demand of mixing the external coal of burning mode is larger, and this mode often is subject to the restriction of traffic condition, has greatly increased operating cost.The coal-powder boiler boiler of modern large-scale power station is by arranging that pendant superheater reduces furnace exit temperature and reduces the melting slagging scorification, but because some alkali metal salt fusing point is lower in the flue gas, still can produce slagging scorification during through convection heating surface, especially the slagging scorification phenomenon is particularly serious when the accurate eastern coal of burning high basic metal.CFBB has the advantages such as fuel tolerance is wide, efficiency of combustion is high, disposal of pollutants is few, is developed rapidly in the nearly more than ten years, obtains widely commercial the application in the station boiler field.And when using the high alkalinity coal as thermal coal in CFBB, the contamination problem of convection heating surface is serious equally.Because the existence of slagging scorification and contamination causes extensive efficient utilization of China's high alkalinity coal to be restricted, thereby restricted the efficient of China's using energy source.
The utility model content
The utility model stains problem for solving existing station boiler convection heating surface, a kind of double bed system that prevents that boiler heating surface from staiing is provided, system architecture is simple, can guarantee the abundant heat exchange of boiler heating surface, stablize boiler output, can avoid greatly reducing the generation of pipe explosion accident owing to stain the convection heating surface overheating problem that causes, also can realize the extensive pure burning utilization of high alkalinity coal.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
A kind of double bed system that prevents that boiler heating surface from staiing, it is characterized in that: comprise fluid bed, cyclone separator, ash content of coal orchestration, culm blender, descending pyrolysis bed, material returning device, purifier, cyclone separator is communicated with the fluid bed upper side, cyclone separator passes into the high temperature coal ash from fluid bed, and the port of export of cyclone separator is communicated to the arrival end of ash content of coal orchestration; Described ash content of coal orchestration is provided with two outlets, and an outlet is communicated to the entrance of material returning device, and another outlet is communicated to the entrance of culm blender; The outlet of described culm blender is communicated to the entrance of descending pyrolysis bed; Described descending pyrolysis bed is provided with two outlets, and an outlet is communicated to the entrance of material returning device, and another outlet is communicated to the entrance of purifier; Described material returning device is near the side of fluid bed lower end, and material returning device is communicated with the sidewall import of fluid bed lower end; The outlet of described purifier is communicated to the import of fluid bed lower end sidewall.
The back of described cyclone separator also is provided with heat exchanger, and heat exchanger is connected with air-introduced machine, and air-introduced machine is communicated to chimney.
Described culm blender passes into coal by the dispenser that connects, and dispenser is provided with coal bunker.
The course of work of native system is as follows:
The fluid bed upper end is passed into cyclone separator, and the high temperature coal ash of cyclone separator is passed in the ash content of coal orchestration, and a part of high temperature coal ash enters into material returning device, and another part high temperature coal ash enters into the culm blender; Simultaneously, raw coal enters into the culm blender by coal bunker, dispenser, and raw coal mixes with the high temperature coal ash in the culm blender; Mixed coal and coal ash enter descending pyrolysis bed and carry out pyrolysis, and coal and coal ash after the pyrolysis enter into material returning device; Without the high temperature coal ash of descending pyrolysis bed with all burn through the boiler furnace that material returning device enters fluid bed through the mixed coal of pyrolysis and coal ash; Wherein, the pyrolysis gas that descending pyrolysis bed obtains is sent in the fluid bed and is burnt after removing sodium through purifier first.
The operation principle of native system is as follows:
Utilize in the CFBB of high alkalinity coal in burning, before entering boiler furnace, raw coal utilize the cycling hot ash that raw coal is carried out pyrolysis, take full advantage of the energy, not only can remove volatile sodium wherein, can also reduce the sodium content in the coal, thereby reduced the active sodium content in the flue gas, greatly reduced sodium salt and on Boiler Convection Heating Surface, being stained with knot and deposition, thereby reduced the contamination of convection heating surface.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
(1) the utility model removes volatile sodium in the coal by pyrolysis, can reduce the sodium element content in the coal, can reduce the contamination of Boiler Convection Heating Surface, can improve the heat exchange efficiency of heat-transfer surface, stablizes boiler output;
(2) the utility model carries out pyrolysis by utilizing boiler cycling hot ash that the high basic metal coal is heated, and has reduced the gas solid separation problem that gas-heated brings, the great number cost of having avoided simultaneously the high alkalinity coal can only bring by mixing the utilization of burning approach at present;
(3) former boiler design is being changed in the little situation, the utility model can be realized the extensive pure burning utilization of high alkalinity coal, has improved the benefit of power plant;
(4) the utility model pyrolysis gas that pyrolysis is obtained is sent into fluid bed again and is burnt, and has avoided pyrolytic tar to contain the high unmanageable problem of ash, has improved exerting oneself of boiler;
(5) solution of problem is stain in burning for high alkalinity coals such as the eastern coals of standard, and most employing is mixed burning low alkalinity coal and realized, the utility model has solved owing to mixing and burnt the problems such as coal dust cost of transportation of bringing, and can realize the pure burning utilization of high alkalinity coal.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Wherein, Reference numeral is: 1 coal bunker, 2 dispensers, 3 air blasts, 4 fluid beds, 5 cyclone separators, 6 ash content of coal orchestrations, 7 heat exchangers, 8 air-introduced machines, 9 chimneys, 10 coal bunkers, 11 dispensers, 12 culm blenders, 13 purifiers, 14 pyrolysis down-flow fluidized bed using ECTs, 15 material returning devices.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of double bed system that prevents that boiler heating surface from staiing, comprise fluid bed 4, cyclone separator 5, ash content of coal orchestration 6, culm blender 12, descending pyrolysis bed 14, material returning device 15, purifier 13, cyclone separator 5 is communicated with fluid bed 4 upper side, cyclone separator 5 passes into the high temperature coal ash from fluid bed 4, and the port of export of cyclone separator 5 is communicated to the arrival end of ash content of coal orchestration 6; Ash content of coal orchestration 6 is provided with two outlets, and an outlet is communicated to the entrance of material returning device 15, and another outlet is communicated to the entrance of culm blender 12; The outlet of described culm blender 12 is communicated to the entrance of descending pyrolysis bed 14; Descending pyrolysis bed 14 is provided with two outlets, and an outlet is communicated to the entrance of described material returning device 15, and another outlet is communicated to the entrance of purifier 13; Described material returning device 15 is near the side of fluid bed 4 lower ends, and material returning device 15 is communicated with the sidewall import of fluid bed 4 lower ends; The port of export of described purifier 13 is communicated to the import of fluid bed 4 lower end sidewalls.
Also be provided with heat exchanger 7 behind the described cyclone separator 5, heat exchanger 7 is connected with air-introduced machine 8, and air-introduced machine 8 is communicated to chimney 9.
Described culm blender 12 passes into coal by the dispenser that connects, and dispenser 11 is provided with coal bunker 10.
Described purifier 13 can adopt filter.
The course of work of whole system is:
As shown in Figure 1, in the boiler start-up, can be first mix by coal beyond coal bunker 1, the dispenser 2 and burn or mode that external lime-ash adds is moved, until boiler begins normal operation produce a certain amount of coal ash after, the coal ash of recycling boiler self carries out pyrolysis to the raw coal from coal bunker 10, dispenser 11.Behind down-flow fluidized bed using ECT 14 normal operations, can stop by coal bunker 1, dispenser 2 coals.The boiler normal operating phase burns with air from air blast 3 in the burner hearth of fluid bed 4 through the semicoke of pyrolysis, and the coal ash of generation enters separator 5 with flue gas to be separated.Separate the flue gas that obtains and be discharged into atmosphere by air-introduced machine 8 by chimney 9 by heat exchanger 7 coolings.Separate the coal ash obtain and enter distributor 6, according to the needs of down-flow fluidized bed using ECT 14 coal ash is divided into two-way, the one tunnel directly returns the burner hearth of fluid bed 4 through material returning device 15, and another road enters blender 12 and mixes with high alkalinity coal from coal bunker 10, dispenser 11.The hot ash that mixes in blender 12 and high alkalinity coal enter down-flow fluidized bed using ECT 14 and carry out pyrolysis, and the gas that pyrolysis obtains enters fluid bed 4 through purifier 13 except sodium is laggard and burns, and the hot ash after the pyrolysis and high alkalinity coal semicoke enter material returning device 15.The heat ash that enters material returning device 15 and high alkalinity coal semicoke use flue gas to send into fluid bed 4 to burn at burner hearth.Boiler slag removal carries out in the bottom of fluid bed 4.The high alkalinity coal carries out pyrolysis in down-flow fluidized bed using ECT 14 after, volatile sodium is removed in a large number, sodium content in the coal descends, active sodium content reduces greatly in the flue gas that generates when burning in the burner hearth of fluid bed 4, active sodium content is few through follow-up heating surface the time because in the flue gas, does not substantially stain.
Claims (3)
1. double bed system that prevents that boiler heating surface from staiing, it is characterized in that: comprise fluid bed (4), cyclone separator (5), ash content of coal orchestration (6), culm blender (12), descending pyrolysis bed (14), material returning device (15), purifier (13), described cyclone separator (5) is communicated with fluid bed (4) upper side, and the port of export of cyclone separator (5) is communicated to the arrival end of ash content of coal orchestration (6); Described ash content of coal orchestration (6) is provided with two outlets, and an outlet is communicated to the entrance of material returning device (15), and another outlet is communicated to the entrance of culm blender (12); The outlet of described culm blender (12) is communicated to the entrance of descending pyrolysis bed (14); Described descending pyrolysis bed (14) is provided with two outlets, and an outlet is communicated to the entrance of material returning device (15), and another outlet is communicated to the entrance of purifier (13); Described material returning device (15) is near the side of fluid bed (4) lower end, and material returning device (15) is communicated with the sidewall import of fluid bed (4) lower end; The outlet of described purifier (13) is communicated to the import of fluid bed (4) lower end sidewall.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the back of described cyclone separator (5) also is provided with heat exchanger (7), and heat exchanger (7) is connected with air-introduced machine (8), and air-introduced machine (8) is communicated to chimney (9).
3. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described culm blender (12) passes into coal by the dispenser (11) that connects, and dispenser is provided with coal bunker (10).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220492123 CN202813359U (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2012-09-25 | Dual-bed system for preventing boiler heating surface from being fouled |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220492123 CN202813359U (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2012-09-25 | Dual-bed system for preventing boiler heating surface from being fouled |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202813359U true CN202813359U (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220492123 Expired - Lifetime CN202813359U (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2012-09-25 | Dual-bed system for preventing boiler heating surface from being fouled |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN202813359U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102829474A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2012-12-19 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Double-bed system for preventing heating surface of boiler from being contaminated |
-
2012
- 2012-09-25 CN CN 201220492123 patent/CN202813359U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102829474A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2012-12-19 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Double-bed system for preventing heating surface of boiler from being contaminated |
| WO2014048328A1 (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-04-03 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Dual-bed system to prevent the pollution of boiler heating surface |
| CN102829474B (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2016-04-06 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | A kind of dual bed systems preventing boiler heating surface from staiing |
| US9927119B2 (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2018-03-27 | Dongfang Electric Corporation | Dual-bed system for preventing boiler heating surface from being contaminated |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20130320 Effective date of abandoning: 20160406 |
|
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |