CN202672811U - Beamless multi-storied garage - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a beamless multi-storied garage. A floor cover of a garage building is a floor cover without an open beam or a wide and flat beam floor cover; all pipes and lines in the building are mounted and distributed at the bottoms of a floor slab without an protruding main beam and a secondary beam; and a multi-storied mechanical parking frame is mounted below a beamless floor cover. The beamless multi-storied garage has the advantages that after the beamless optimization of the floor cover of the scheme is adopted, the indoor air purification is improved; after the whole set of the scheme is optimized, compared with the traditional scheme, the beamless multi-storied garage has the advantages that (1) the quantity of parked vehicles can be increased by about 70% so that the problems that parking spaces are less and the parking is difficult are effectively relieved; and (2) if the traditional scheme also considers to mount a mechanical double-layered parking space, the building layer needs to be about 5.5m and the height requirements of mounting the mechanical double-layered parking space are met. If the mechanical double-layered parking space is mounted according to the scheme, the building floor height can be 4.2m. Therefore, a lot of building funds are saved for an investor and the building risk is reduced.

Description

Without the beam multistory garage

Technical field

The utility model relates to field, parking space in the building, specifically without the beam multistory garage.

Background technology

Recently for over ten years, China's motor vehicle annual growth rate is on average 10%-15%, and particularly the growth of metropolitan motor vehicle is considerably beyond the growth rate of traffic infrastructure.Day by day sharp increase along with vehicles number, serious obstruction on the road driving has not only appearred in a lot of big and medium-sized cities, and it is more and more serious with the phenomenon that takies the residential quarter green area parking to take road parking, thereby has further aggravated traffic congestion, has destroyed the dwelling environment in city.The shape of the parking difficulty in city, random parking is day by day serious, has had influence on investment environment and city image, has caused the personage's of each side common concern.

On overall, the appearance of Urban Parking Difficulty is mainly reflected on the large contradiction with parking space deficiency, parking space spatial spread and urban land area relative deficiency of parking demand.So upwards development (solid parking) and development (basement parking) downwards are two large directions, it then is the perfect scheme that solves parking difficulty that basement cooperates parking systems (multiple layer jiffy stand).

At present, basement cooperates solid parking, and economic benefits are very tempting.There are a lot of places implementing this basement solid parking scheme, or planning this scheme.But individual problem is arranged here, and solid parking machinery generally all needs certain height space, and basement generally has very high main beam in frame and secondary beam, and the interior net storey height that brings thus is originally not enough, adds various pipe networks, but has further compressed usage space again.

The larger basement of higher girder and secondary beam, particularly load or civil air defense constructions and installations are arranged in the traditional architecture thing, the girder about 1 meter is arranged especially, had a strong impact on indoor headway (bottom of beam is interior net storey height to base plate plate face).If add various pipe networks, then further compressed again actual spendable space, affected possibility, the economy of stopping the multilayer car at indoor realization one sheaf space.

For the above reasons, in order to satisfy the requirement of building Multilayer parking, must reach certain indoor headroom, traditional way be before construction when design just the higher floor height of design (its building floor height generally about 5.5 meters, could satisfy the requirement for height of installation mechanical type Double-layer parking space.), but this also is with and serves drawback: increases floor height, can increase considerably civil engineering cost.Particularly the basement part not only could increase civil engineering cost, has more increased architectural risks!

For basement, for considering of the reasons such as economy, underfloor generally can be installed, be arranged in to various pipe networks, so the arrangement of pipe network is one of key element of the indoor usage space of impact (various pipe networks bottom is real usage space to base plate plate face), in order to reach the clear height of Multilayer parking demand, increase the usage space of basement, traditional method sometimes can be selected the part large-scale network is embedded in the earthing, but this also has some problems: after adopting the method, can roll up the pipe network maintenance cost in later stage.And for the basement without earthing, can not adopt the method.Also there is pipe network to wear the way of beam, but for large-scale network, wears the building costs of beam and architectural risks all very high (even all pipe networks have all taked to wear the way of beam, still can not change beam to the reality of the restriction of headroom).So often because of the reason of pipe network and beam, the building of standard floor height still is difficult to reach the clear height of Multilayer parking demand.Tradition indoor garage schematic diagram (see Fig. 1,1-1 is girder, and 1-2 is pipe network).

Although the multilayer Mechanical parking system is the technology of a maturation, because the multilayer Mechanical parking system is comparatively harsh to the requirement of interior net storey height, has increased building costs, thereby affected its popularization and use.

The utility model content

The utility model purpose is that research is a kind of under the state of Wu Mingliang superstructure or wide-flat beam superstructure, by to the reasonable Arrangement of pipe network and the multilayer Mechanical parking system is set under such superstructure, thereby improve parking quantity without the beam multistory garage.

A kind of without the beam multistory garage, comprising: the superstructure of garage building is superstructure or the wide-flat beam superstructure without bright beam.Various pipes, line in the building is to install and arranging without the floor slab bottoms of outstanding girder and secondary beam, the multi-layer mechanical parking frame is installed under the arch without beam state.

Described whole plate bottom minute nothing obvious outstanding girder and secondary beam without bright beam superstructure.

Distant short beam is arranged at the bottom of described wide-flat beam floor, builds original beam behind design optimization, broadens, and becomes flat.The deck-molding of wide-flat beam is slightly larger than thickness of slab, and its overwhelming majority is embedded in the floor, only exposes a bit distant short beam.

Described various pipe net arrangement is: large-scale network (air chimney, fire chief etc.), and with the pipe network centralized arrangement, be installed under the main runway upper plate.

Described various pipe net arrangement is: small pipeline (shower, fire-fighting branch pipeline etc.) is arranged, is installed in the middle of the gap, parking stall.

Described multi-layer mechanical parking frame is to be placed on without the bilayer under bright beam or the wide-flat beam state or multilayer parking apparatus movably.

Described " without beam " namely is general reference cast-in-place concrete hollow building roof, the solid arch without beam of cast-in-situ concrete, cast-in-situ concrete wide-flat beam superstructure, the close girt strip superstructure of cast-in-situ concrete; So-called " without beam " has beam in fact, only by suitable increasing thickness of slab, beam hidden among floor, form on the impression without the beam effect, reach the purpose of the indoor headroom of lifting; Or owing to the height of the strip solid section of reason between post and post of load is slightly larger than thickness of slab; Form the effect of wide-flat beam, but the height of this wide-flat beam is starkly lower than traditional primary and secondary depth of beam, can satisfies equally the requirement of " without the beam garage " interior net storey height; More than four kinds of floor structural forms all range this case described " without beam ".

The utility model without the advantage of beam multistory garage is: the superstructure of employing this case has improved indoor headroom after optimizing without beam; Various pipe networks are rationally arranged, and have promoted greatly the utilizable actual clearance height in parking space.After being optimized by package, the advantage of acquisition is compared with traditional scheme: 1. make the quantity of parking can increase by about 70% (only referring to Double-layer parking space), to stop the Trucks position few thereby effectively alleviate, and stops the difficult De Wen of Trucks Questions.If 2. traditional scheme also considers to install the mechanical type Double-layer parking space, its building floor height should about 5.5 meters, could satisfy the requirement for height that the mechanical type Double-layer parking space is installed.And if by this case method installation mechanical type Double-layer parking space, its building floor height is 4.2 meters and gets final product.Thereby for the investor saves a large amount of construction funds, reduced architectural risks.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 tradition indoor garage scheme schematic diagram;

The structural representation that Fig. 2-5 the utility model garage is one section;

The solid arch without beam structural representation of Fig. 6 cast-in-situ concrete;

The oval cast-in-place concrete hollow building roof structural representation of Fig. 7;

Fig. 8 rectangle cast-in-place concrete hollow building roof structural representation;

The close girt strip building cover structure of Fig. 9 cast-in-situ concrete schematic diagram;

Figure 10-1 pipe net arrangement schematic diagram (floor sectional drawing);

Figure 10-2 pipe net arrangement schematic diagram (floor sectional drawing);

Figure 11 pipe net arrangement schematic diagram (top plan view).

The specific embodiment

Root a tree name Fig. 1---shown in Figure 11, a kind of without the beam multistory garage, comprising: the superstructure of garage building is superstructure or the wide-flat beam superstructure without bright beam.Various pipes, line in the building is to install and arranging without the floor slab bottoms of outstanding girder and secondary beam, the multi-layer mechanical parking frame is installed under the arch without beam state.

Described whole plate bottom minute nothing obvious outstanding girder and secondary beam without bright beam superstructure.

Distant short beam is arranged at the bottom of described wide-flat beam floor, builds original beam behind design optimization, broadens, and becomes flat.The deck-molding of wide-flat beam is slightly larger than thickness of slab, and its overwhelming majority is embedded in the floor, only exposes a bit distant short beam.

Described various pipe net arrangement is: large-scale network (air chimney, fire chief etc.), and with the pipe network centralized arrangement, be installed under the main runway upper plate.

Described various pipe net arrangement is: small pipeline (shower, fire-fighting branch pipeline etc.) is arranged, is installed in the middle of the gap, parking stall.

Described multi-layer mechanical parking frame is to be placed on without the bilayer under bright beam or the wide-flat beam state or multilayer parking apparatus movably.

The utility model advantage leader:

After employing is optimized without beam multistory garage solution, can enjoy the advantage of the reduction floor height that brings without bright beam and reasonably optimizing pipeline pipeline.Both brought directly, significant civil engineering cost reduces, and can enjoy again the almost double increase of parking number that multi-layer mechanical parking equipment brings.

The detailed annotation of the utility model economic advantages:

(1) floor is without the building costs analysis of beam:

This case Technical responsibilities unit:

Middle skill designing institute (be responsible for common superstructure standard and stride layout design)

Xiangtan City planning building designing institute (be responsible for the hollow building cover standard and stride layout design and civil engineering budget)

This scheme is the positive negative zero layer of basement top board:

Post net span: 8.1m*8.1m;

The intercepting area: standard is striden altogether 635.04 ㎡;

Live load: 20KN/ ㎡ (consideration Fire engine load);

Dead load: load 18KN/ ㎡;

Frame column is pressed the 600*600 design.

The clear height contrast:

Three large main material economic comparisons (the: Yuan/㎡ of unit)

With reference to the market unit price: reinforcing bar: 6 yuan/kg; Template: 55 Yuan/㎡; Concrete: 360 yuan/m3

Brief summary: without Liang Huahou, floor height does not change, but has promoted greatly the building headroom, and when being used for basement, when design optimization is more reasonable, and the reduction that building costs also can be to a certain degree.

(2) building floor without beam and pipe network preferred arrangement after, the economic analysis of the reduction floor height that brings:

Traditional scheme:

Individual layer independence basement floor height: 4000mm-4200mm(individual layer garage requires Clearance requirement: 2200mm.Add upper beam, plate height and equipment pipe space 1800-2000mm, add up to: 4000mm-4200mm).

Two layers of apparatus formula garage floor height: 5500mm (two-layer parking plant equipment Clearance requirement: 3700mm.Add upper beam, plate height and equipment pipe space 1800mm, add up to: 5500mm).

After adopting this case optimization:

Two layers of apparatus formula garage floor height: the two-layer parking plant equipment of 4200mm(Clearance requirement: 3700mm.Add plate 500mm, add up to: 4200mm.Because without bright beam, and do not affect the usage space on parking space after the pipe network preferred arrangement, so this highly just can satisfy the Clearance Requirement of two-layer mechanical parking frame).

Brief summary: after adopting this case to optimize, two layers of mechanical garage floor height and common individual layer independence basement floor height are basic identical, are about 4200mm, and building costs also slightly together.And do not adopt this case to carry out the basement of beam slab and pipeline, want to adopt two layers of mechanical garage, floor height must reach 5500mm, so since, the basement floor height has increased by 1.3 meters, what bring is not only increase on the building costs, has more brought architectural risks!

(3) after employing this case is optimized, the economic advantages that the multi-layer mechanical garage tools brings:

Nearly 70% parking stall of the described increase of this case refers to: consider post net span, be generally in the post net span and stop 3 cars, and comparatively common (2+3) two layers of mobile plant (namely lower 2 on 3) on the market, totally 5 pallets up and down, then stay an empty position to be used for moving up and down or traversing vehicle to corresponding parking spot, so, can only stop 3 chassis compared to original area, can stop 5 chassis now, increase by 2/3 parking stall.

If with (3+2+2) three layers of mobile plant (namely in lower 22 on 3), upper, middle and lower is totally 7 pallets, stays two empty positions to move parking spot, can stop 3 chassis compared to original area, can stop now 7 chassis, then can increase by 4/3 parking stall.

Suppose planning parking stall quantity: 250 parking stalls.

Former scheme: according to 40 squares/parking stall (comprising runway, parking space), garage area that must 10000 square meter sides is used for stopping and is used for vehicle and travels in the garage.

After the optimization: adopt two-layer movable type mechanical parking stall, existing needs 6000 squares garage just can satisfy the demand of 250 parking stalls.4000 side's building areas that this saves out can be done its usefulness such as business development, and enterprise brings enormous benefits for exploitation.

The building area of supposing to stop is constant: 10000 squares.

Former scheme: according to 40 squares/parking stall (comprising track, parking space), can only stop 250 cars.

After the optimization: adopt two-layer movable type mechanical parking stall, then under the equal area, the parking stall (must vacate and be used for moving vehicle) of increase by 2/3 then can increase by 166 parking stalls.

Adopt three layers of movable type mechanical parking stall, then under the equal area, the parking stall (must vacate two rooms and be used for moving vehicle) of increase by 4/3 then can increase by 333 parking stalls.

Brief summary: multistory garage can bring benefit suitable obvious, and benefit of the present utility model is when bringing this benefit, and exploitation enterprise need not increase civil engineering cost more.

(4) after employing this case is optimized, the advantage on the cash flow:

Utilization is without beam technology and this case pipe network arrangement method, and with the space to be preserved of later stage Multilayer parking position, the exploitation unit can increase the parking apparatus according to demand at any time, has guaranteed the flexibility on this a part of fund.

The utility model is without beam multistory garage implementation method, and its step is as follows:

1, the building superstructure improves the building headroom without beam or short beam.(can adopt the technology such as cast-in-place concrete hollow building roof to realize, except cast-in-place concrete hollow building roof, cast-in-situ concrete close rib building roof, the solid arch without beam of cast-in-situ concrete, wide-flat beam technology etc. can realize the desired building clear height of this case, all are the Building technologies that use is considered in this case).

2, after having optimized indoor headroom, the pipe network system of rationally arranging under the building superstructure increases the operable headroom of indoor reality.

3, optimized can use headroom after, the multilayer mechanical frame for parking vehicle is installed.

Annotate: (with the organic assembling of above three technology, having brought tremendous economic and social benefit, is this case innovative point; Secondly, the pipeline of rationally arranging has utilized interior net storey height to greatest extent, also is the innovative point of this case).

The step detailed annotation:

Step 1: superstructure improves the building headroom without beam;

This case generally takes the cast-in-place concrete hollow building roof technology to realize that the building superstructure is without beam, its principle is that girder is designed to wide flat dark beam, form slab strips on columns (seeing Fig. 7 (1), Fig. 8 (1)), secondary beam removes not, girder and plate are with thick, and it is integrated to form beam slab, and floor is directly stressed, the power slave plate directly passes to pillar (seeing Fig. 7 (2), Fig. 8 (2)), belongs to slab column system.Compare with traditional beam and slab structure, although plate has been thickeied, can install regularly the hollow body mould this moment according to designing requirement in floor, extract certain concrete out and make it to form cavity (seeing Fig. 7 (3), Fig. 8 (3)), several " worker " word beams (seeing Fig. 7 (4), Fig. 8 (4)) have been formed between cavity and the cavity, the load of shared, dispersed building, thus reach the designing requirement of floor decoration ability.

Compare without beam solid slab structure with tradition, the weight bearing power of the cassette ceiling of condition of equivalent thickness is the same, but has saved concrete, template and reinforcing bar, has reduced civil engineering cost.There are rules and atlas (seeing " the standard C ECS175:2004 of China Engineering Construction Standardization Association---cast-in-place concrete hollow building roof structure technology rules ", " national building standard design atlas 05SG343---cast-in-place concrete hollow building roof ") in this technology country, is this building structure technology that uses without beam multistory garage solution focal selection.

Hollow building cover shown in Figure 7 is the hollow section internal mold, and Fig. 8 is the hollow box body internal mold.

Can Effective Raise building headroom except cast-in-situ concrete hollow floor, Cast-in-place concrete close rib building roof, Cast-in-place concrete can both reach the effect of Effective Raise building headroom without the solid superstructure of beam, wide-flat beam technology.So it all is the alternative technique of this case.

Step 2: the pipeline of rationally arranging, increase can be used headroom;

Be intended to utilize to greatest extent the Indoor environment headroom, make the usage space of multiple layer jiffy stand not be subjected to the restriction of pipe network under the building superstructure, allow the use clear height on parking space be close to and equal interior net storey height.

Mainly be divided into two classes:

1. the first kind, is installed on the main runway various main pipe net arrangement.Because main runway is the usefulness of reserving driving vehicle, its Clearance requirement is not very high, can satisfy normal vehicle operation and get final product, so can (see that Figure 10-1(1) is placed under A-road (see Figure 10-the 1(2)) upper plate to the highly larger large-scale network that takes up room.

Figure 10-1 is (floor cross section, two-layer jiffy stand side), the pipe net arrangement schematic diagram.

Other following marks:

1: various trunk lines (large-scale airduct, main extinguishing pipe etc. can not pre-buried type trunk line etc.)

2: A-road

3: various branch pipelines (comprising the fire-fighting by-pass line, shower etc.)

4: mechanical multiple layer jiffy stand

Figure 10-2 is (floor cross section, two-layer jiffy stand front), the pipe net arrangement schematic diagram.

Other following marks:

1: building vertical column

2: various branch pipelines (comprising the fire-fighting by-pass line, shower etc.)

3: mechanical multilayer vehicle frame

2. Equations of The Second Kind, various branch pipelines (seeing Figure 11) method for arranging is: small pipeline (shower, fire-fighting branch pipeline etc.) is arranged, is installed in the middle of the gap, parking stall.

Figure 11 is that a standard is striden 8.1 meters X8.1 rice plan views, and black part is divided into building vertical column.

Other following distance poles:

1: branch line pipe network (comprising the fire-fighting by-pass line, shower etc.)

2: large-scale network (large-scale airduct, main extinguishing pipe etc. can not pre-buried type trunk line etc.)

3: building vertical column

4: runway

5: mechanical multilayer vehicle frame

Step 3: after above-mentioned optimization, select to meet the Mechanical parking system of national standard and the actual shape of project, according to instruction for mounting, be fixed in constructure ground and get final product.

The used technique complementary explanation of the utility model:

1. cast-in-place concrete hollow building roof technology (seeing Fig. 7, Fig. 8) is that the utility model carries out superstructure when processing without bright beam or wide-flat beam, the technology that emphasis adopts.It is the technology of a maturation.(see " the standard C ECS175:2004 of China Engineering Construction Standardization Association---cast-in-place concrete hollow building roof structure technology rules ", " national building standard design atlas 05SG343---cast-in-place concrete hollow building roof ")

The indoor headroom of increase that the utility model has utilized this technology to bring, but do not bring the technical advantage of cost burden, be this building structure technology that uses without beam multistory garage solution focal selection.

2. cast-in-situ concrete is without the solid superstructure (see figure 6) of beam, is that the utility model carries out the alternative technique of superstructure when processing without bright beam or wide-flat beam.It is relatively conventional frame mode, its principle be with beam do short, widen, form wide flat dark beam, again floor is become the thickness the same with beam, just reached without beam, increase the effect of headroom.

3. the close girt strip superstructure of cast-in-situ concrete (see figure 9) is that the utility model carries out the alternative technique of superstructure when processing without bright beam or wide-flat beam.Also be a kind of technology that is similar to hollow building cover, its principle is the purpose that reaches load by countless little girt strips, reaches the minimizing thickness of slab, removes the primary and secondary beam, increases the effect of indoor headroom.

4. the wide-flat beam treatment technology is alternative technique of the present utility model.According to indivedual Engineering Projects (such as load requirement, position of fixity requirement etc.), under the feelings that consider economy and building Clearance requirement, during design, girder is slightly thicker than plate, the effect (annotate, cast-in-place concrete hollow building roof, the solid arch without beam of cast-in-situ concrete, cast-in-situ concrete close rib building roof all can be made wide-flat beam) of exposing short beam.The deck-molding of this kind structure is also not obvious, can reach this case to the requirement of headroom, so also be one of technology of this case consideration.

5. the pipe network technology of arranging under the arch without beam.Be intended to utilize to greatest extent indoor headroom, make the usage space of multiple layer jiffy stand not be subjected to the restriction of pipe network under the building superstructure, allow the use clear height of intending laying multilayer Mechanical parking system place be close to and equal interior net storey height.It is one of this case innovative point, also be the important step that realizes this case because interior net storey height no doubt can improve, if but piping network installation, arrange unreasonable, interior net storey height can not fully be used, and can cause final usage space not reach the requirement that stops the multilayer parking stall.

6. multi-layer mechanical parking equipment.The production of this equipment, mounting technique are comparatively ripe, have on the market product and the technology in more multi-layer mechanical garage (multi-storied garage), the utility model selects the reason of technique to be: adopt before this solution superstructure and indoor headroom carried out two suboptimization after, parking space is reserved, later stage can be with the layer stereo Mechanical parking system at any time as required, be placed in the building, strengthened greatly the control of developer to this part cash flow.

Claims (6)

1. one kind without the beam multistory garage, it is characterized in that: the superstructure of garage building is superstructure or the wide-flat beam superstructure without bright beam; Various pipes, line in the building is to install and arranging without the floor slab bottoms of outstanding girder and secondary beam, the multi-layer mechanical parking frame is installed under the arch without beam shape.

2. according to claim 1 without the beam multistory garage, it is characterized in that: described whole plate bottom minute nothing obvious outstanding girder and secondary beam without bright beam superstructure.

3. according to claim 1 without the beam multistory garage, it is characterized in that: distant short beam is arranged at the bottom of described wide-flat beam floor, and the original beam of building broadens behind design optimization, becomes flat; The deck-molding of wide-flat beam is slightly larger than thickness of slab, and its overwhelming majority is embedded in the floor, only exposes a bit distant short beam.

4. according to claim 1 without the beam multistory garage, it is characterized in that: described various pipe net arrangement are: large-scale network, i.e. and air chimney, fire chief is with the pipe network centralized arrangement, be installed under the main runway upper plate.

5. according to claim 1 or 4 described without the beam multistory garage, it is characterized in that: described various pipe net arrangement are: small pipeline, namely shower, fire-fighting branch pipeline are arranged, are installed in the middle of the gap, parking stall.

6. according to claim 1 without the beam multistory garage, it is characterized in that: described multi-layer mechanical parking frame is to be placed on without the bilayer under bright beam or the wide-flat beam shape or multilayer parking apparatus movably.

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