CN202298374U

CN202298374U - Rail fixing device with vertical orientation

Info

Publication number: CN202298374U
Application number: CN 201120420778
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孔祥斐; 尹学军; 雷晓燕; 曲洪啸; 任静; 刘伟宁; 曾向荣
Original assignee: QINGDAO CREATE ENVIRONMENT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Current assignee: QINGDAO CREATE ENVIRONMENT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority date: 2011-10-29
Filing date: 2011-10-29
Publication date: 2012-07-04
Anticipated expiration: 2021-10-29
Also published as: WO2013060093A1

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rail fixing device with vertical orientation, which relates to a rail accessory. The rail fixing device with vertical orientation comprises a base arranged on a sleeper, wherein the base is fixedly connected with the sleeper by an anchoring bolt. The rail fixing device with vertical orientation is characterized by also comprising an orientation assembly and a vertical supporting element, wherein the orientation assembly comprises an orientation element and an orientation bracket respectively positioned on two sides of the rail web of a steel rail; the lateral rigidity of the orientation element is at least 120kN/mm; the orientation element tightly contacts with the steel rail at least on the upper part and the lower part of the rail web of a steel rail, and forms restraint for the steel rail in the lateral direction; the orientation element is clamped by the orientation bracket; a sliding contact surface is arranged between the orientation element and the orientation bracket; the sliding contact surface is parallel to the vertical direction of the steel rail; the sliding contact surface and the steel rail can oppositely slide along the steel rail; and a vertical supporting element is positioned below the steel rail and has elastic bearing capability at least on the vertical direction of the steel rail. In the rail fixing device, the two sides of the rail web are provided with the orientation assemblies for orientating, the vertical supporting element arranged below the rail is used for supporting and consuming energy, the stability of the steel rail under stressing is effectively improved, and the rail fixing device has better safety.

Description

The device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding

Technical field

The utility model belongs to field of track traffic, relates to a kind of track accessories, is specially a kind of device for fixing running tracks that has fastener function and vibration-damping function concurrently.

Background technology

Current track traffic constantly develops towards the direction of high-speed overload, when offering convenience for people's productive life, has also brought many problems, particularly the problem of environmental pollution that causes of track noise.For reducing the noise of track; The technician has developed the product of many vibration and noise reducings; Wherein just comprise device for fixing running tracks with vibration and noise reducing function; For example number of patent application is 200480019707.1 to be all to have mentioned in 200680045628.7 the patent realizing that suspension plays the rail fastening apparatus of railroad track with number of patent application, and it utilizes carriage that rail's end portion is supported on the elastic component.In this fastening system, be designed with a slit under the flange of rail, when rail bears a heavy burden, can make the rail inclination that becomes, can reduce requirement like this to rigidity, to lift-over and gauge appropriate control is provided simultaneously.In addition, because rail only keeps in touch with elastic body, so energy can be absorbed by elastic body earlier and consumes during its vibration, pass to other structures again, so this type of device for fixing running tracks has certain vibration and noise reducing effect.But such device for fixing running tracks also exists following defective:

(1) rail that uses this type of device for fixing running tracks to fix can't bear power upwards, therefore in use has potential safety hazard.For example, when the yielding of foundation situation took place, device for fixing running tracks can descend with the basis, but because rail is continuous, and rail can not move down thereupon, therefore can cause device for fixing running tracks that the support of rail was lost efficacy, for traffic safety stays hidden danger;

(2) in the use, stress point can change when stressed, between elastic body and the rail wearing and tearing is arranged, after the elastic component wearing and tearing, and stability decreases;

(3) rail only keeps in touch with elastic body, so elastic body promptly will provide horizontal restrain for rail provides vertical support again, but in order to guarantee the vibration and noise reducing effect; Elastic body in this type of device for fixing running tracks must have certain elasticity; Therefore cause the lateral stiffness of rail less, occur the rail phenomenon that rolls in the driving process inevitably, cause the wearing and tearing of rail more serious; In some city even large tracts of land ripple mill occurred, have a strong impact on traffic safety;

(4), there is not the secondary protection because rail is in vacant state, and safety stock is very little; In case elastic body damages, the position of rail will be out of hand in all directions, and train can derail; So this kind device for fixing running tracks is had relatively high expectations to maintenance, can influence traffic safety when maintenance is not in place.

Also there is similar problem in the Cologne egg with other high resiliency high resiliency fastener, because the lateral stiffness and the vertical stiffness of fastener are closely related, vertical stiffness constantly reduces along with the raising of vibration damping requirement; Lateral stiffness also decreases, and causes the wheel track oscillation crosswise to strengthen, and transverse shakiness strengthens during train driving; Influenced the comfortableness of train, aggravated rail abrasion, when situation is serious even cause rail extraordinary wave mill; Increase the workload of rail maintenance, seriously shortened rail life.

Above-mentioned defective has greatly influenced the normal use of rail, has caused great economic loss, and market presses for a kind of novel track fastening devices that can overcome above-mentioned deficiency.

The utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome above-mentioned defective, provides that a kind of applicability is stronger, performance is more stable, safety is better, and especially lateral stiffness and vertical stiffness have nothing to do or the less device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding of correlation.

The device for fixing running tracks that the utility model has a vertical guiding is achieved in that and comprises that base, base place on the sleeper; And utilize anchor bolt and sleeper to be fixed together, and it is characterized in that also comprising guidance set and vertical supporting element, guidance set comprises director element and the guiding trestle that is positioned at rail web of the rail both sides; The lateral stiffness of director element is at least 120KN/mm, and director element closely contacts with rail in the top and the bottom of the rail web of the rail at least, and laterally rail is being formed constraint; Director element is by the guiding trestle clamping; Be provided with sliding contact surface between director element and the guiding trestle, it is vertical that sliding contact surface is parallel to rail, and the two can be along the vertical relative slip of rail; Vertical supporting element is positioned at rail below, and vertical supporting element has an elastic carrying capacity in that rail is vertical at least.As a kind of special case, base can with the sleeper integrated setting.

Described director element is processed by cast iron, cast steel, aluminium alloys, nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PVC, ABS, Merlon or glass-reinforced plastic material, or the damping structure of being made up of jointly above-mentioned material and damping material constitutes.For preventing that the bigger director element of rigidity from directly contacting the generation noise with rail; Between director element and the rail buffer protection pad can also be set; The buffer protection pad is processed by the elasticity macromolecular material, and said elasticity macromolecular material comprises elastomeric material and elastane etc.What deserves to be mentioned is that according to stressed unbalanced in rail both sides when contacting with wheel, the director element of rail both sides can adopt the rigidity material different to process, the operating attitude when cooperating with wheel to optimize rail.For the contact surface that prevents director element and guiding trestle weares and teares, be provided with surperficial junction plate on the surface that director element contacts with guiding trestle, surperficial junction plate and director element firmly link together.

Vertical supporting element described in the utility model is varied; It can be made up of metal spring; Also can by metal spring and the elasticity macromolecular material is compound constitute; In addition, vertical supporting element can also be the cushion of the compression-type, shearing-type or the expansion type that are made up of the elasticity macromolecular material.It is pointed out that the metal spring described in the utility model comprises multi-form springs such as helical spring, dish spring, leaf spring or metal spring, the elasticity macromolecular material comprises multiple materials such as rubber or elastic polyurethane.

For improving the vibration and noise reducing performance; The utility model has in the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding can also comprise damping element; Damping element comprises concrete forms such as the various members that directly are made up of damping material or various constrained damping structures; Damping element can be arranged on director element or/and among the vertical supporting element, damping element can also parallelly connected setting with vertical supporting element.

In order to prevent that rail from upwards sliding under the uplift force effect, can between guiding trestle and rail wing plate upper surface, the pretension piece be set, the pretension piece independently is provided with or becomes one with director element.

The utility model has that guiding trestle has two in the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding, lays respectively at the rail both sides.Install for ease, also for the ease of the chucking power between adjustment director element and the rail, can adopt the demountable technical scheme of at least one guiding trestle simultaneously.For guarantee dismountable guiding trestle install with use in the change that do not deflect of its support direction; The base at dismountable guiding trestle place is provided with along the horizontal guide groove of rail; Guiding trestle partly places in the guide groove, and can in guide groove, laterally slide with respect to base along rail.Dismountable guiding trestle can directly be fixed on the base through securing member, and shoulder block perhaps is set on base, and shoulder block cooperates with wedge or pad and position adjustments bolt guiding trestle is fixed on the base.Or/and detachable shoulder block, promptly shoulder block is fixedly installed on the base or/and be arranged to one with base said shoulder block for fixing shoulder block.When utilizing wedge and shoulder block to cooperate; For preventing to become flexible, be provided with the dentation convex-concave structure that cooperatively interacts between wedge and the shoulder block, also be provided with locking member between wedge and the shoulder block; Locking member is guide groove and locking pad, and the thickness of locking pad is greater than the thickness of tooth in the dentation convex-concave structure.

In addition, the pulling capacity that produces when relatively moving between rail and the director element for overcoming can be provided with on base and collude groove, with dismountable guiding trestle or/and dismountable shoulder block is hooked in colludes on the groove.From the consideration that prevents rail generation excessive deformation; The utility model has in the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding that corresponding rail flange of rail place also is provided with emergent supporting member on the base, the maximum distortion of the gap between the emergent supporting member end face and the rail flange of rail during more than or equal to the rail operate as normal.In addition, even in order to make under the service conditions such as bend rail surface at wheel weight effect lower stress, can also correspondence be provided with rail cant on the base.

The utility model has in the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding that corresponding rail flange of rail place can also be provided with flange of rail guidance set on the base, and flange of rail guidance set is between rail and base.Wherein, Flange of rail guidance set is the boss that increases of the vertical setting of base upper edge rail; Rail wing plate outer and the contact surface that increases between the boss constitute the slide-and-guide face; It is vertical that the slide-and-guide face is parallel to rail, and at least one side of slide-and-guide face is made up of high-abrasive material or the surface is provided with wear-resistant material layer; Flange of rail guidance set can also comprise flange of rail location-plate; Flange of rail location-plate is stuck in rail foot; Matching surface between flange of rail location-plate and the base constitutes the slide-and-guide face; It is vertical that the slide-and-guide face is parallel to rail, and at least one side of slide-and-guide face is made up of high-abrasive material or the surface is provided with wear-resistant material layer; Flange of rail guidance set is made up of flange of rail location-plate and flange of rail elastic guide element, and flange of rail location-plate is stuck in rail foot, and flange of rail elastic guide element and vertical supporting element are set up in parallel or become one.As a kind of typical application, flange of rail elastic guide element can be to comprise the labyrinth type damping structure of being made up of jointly sheet material that has convex-concave structure and damping layer.

Need to prove, because the existence of rail cant, the notion of the direction such as horizontal, vertical, vertical described in this paper; It all is benchmark with the rail; Horizontal, vertical and vertically corresponding with rail respectively, wherein said rail is vertical, is the bearing of trend of rail; Rail is vertical, and promptly the rail flange of rail is vertical; Rail is horizontal, and promptly rail web midship section is vertical.

In this article; In order to understand conveniently; The vertical stiffness of director element be defined as all director elements of rail both sides in the device for fixing running tracks that single the utility model has vertical guiding receive simultaneously under the pretension state rail along rail down cut and shearing rigidity when being out of shape on the vertical median plane, the ratio of promptly vertical active force and vertical deviation; The lateral stiffness of director element is defined as the rigidity of all director elements of rail both sides when receiving rail in the distortion of the contact surface centre-height transverse translation of the director element and the web of the rail under the pretension state simultaneously, i.e. the ratio of horizontal force and this place's lateral displacement.

In this article, the utility model has the rigidity of device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding except the rigidity contribution that comprises director element, also comprises the rigidity contribution of vertical supporting element.The vertical stiffness that has a device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding is defined as single fastening devices and receives along the vertical median plane of rail at rail and make the vertical active force of time spent and the ratio of rail vertical deviation; The comprehensive lateral stiffness that has a device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding is meant that in the utility model it is when rail head receives along the horizontal horizontal force of rail; The ratio of horizontal force and the lateral displacement at rail head place also is called for short the lateral stiffness that the utility model has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding.Therefore as do not have and do not refer in particular to the lateral displacement of rail head comprises transverse translation and the rail of rail around rail deflection longitudinally, has comprised the contribution of fastener deflection stiffness,, deflection stiffness is discussed no longer in addition.The elastic deformation of rail own is ignored in addition.

For rubber-plastics material and disk spring, dynamic stiffness generally is slightly larger than quiet rigidity, the general and quiet equal stiffness for the helical spring dynamic stiffness.Therefore, do not refer in particular to as having in the utility model, dynamic stiffness also no longer is discussed, rigidity is generally made a general reference quiet rigidity.

More than definition is merely the principle of understanding the utility model patent better and defines.According to above-mentioned definition; Effectively spacing according to rail flange of rail quilt or can laterally move on a small quantity difference; Can draw through Theoretical Calculation, the lateral stiffness of director element roughly is 6～8 times of device for fixing running tracks comprehensive lateral stiffness at the rail head of rail place that had vertical guiding by its utility model that constitutes.

The utility model has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding through guidance set and vertical supporting element are set; The vertical stiffness and the lateral stiffness that make the utility model have the fastening devices of vertical guiding can be distinguished optimal design; Satisfy the active demand in current market, filled up technological gap:

1) the most frequently used high resiliency fastener has Cologne egg, pioneer's fastener on present subway and the light rail market.The vertical quiet rigidity of Cologne egg in 0～15kN scope is 8-14kN/mm; The rail head lateral displacement of single fastener under vertical 40kN and horizontal 20kN act on simultaneously is 2.6～4mm; Calculating comprehensive lateral stiffness is 5-7kN/mm, is 0.5～0.6 to ratio of rigidity anyhow; The vertical quiet rigidity 5kN/mm of pioneer's fastener; Vertical dynamic stiffness is 6kN/mm; Lateral stiffness is 9～12kN/mm, and calculating the rail head lateral displacement of single fastener under vertical 40kN and horizontal 20kN act on simultaneously is 1.6～2.2mm, is 1.8～2.4 to ratio of rigidity anyhow.

2) the vertical quiet range in stiffness of the general fastener of China's subway solid concrete roabed is 30～40kN/mm, and horizontal quiet range in stiffness is 20～60kN/mm.

3) China's Beijing-Shanghai express railway quarrel railway roadbed vertical stiffness is arranged is 50～80kN/mm, ballastless bed vertical stiffness is 40～60kN/mm.

4) the vertical quiet rigidity of the fastener of the main line railway in the British Rail standard can reach 100～200kN/mm.

Investigation and statistics by different situations such as domestic and international, subway, light rail, high ferros can be found out; The vertical stiffness research of contacting piece is more in the existing various documents; Because vibration damping requires different, its excursion is very big, between 4～200kN/mm, can arbitrarily optimize and choose or design; Control measure are also simpler, mainly rely on the vertical stiffness of resilient sleeper-bearing to regulate; By contrast, the research of the lateral stiffness of domestic and international various document contacting pieces is very few, from above limited data, between 5～60kN/mm, changes, and changes less relatively.The operation practice of more domestic subways shows that problems such as comfortableness reduction, rail abrasion quickening have appearred in the highway section of fastener lateral stiffness below 12kN/mm.In order to guarantee the lateral stability of rail, the lateral stiffness of fastener should be not less than 15kN/mm, and high more within the specific limits good more, and the rail head lateral displacement of single fastener under vertical 40kN and horizontal 20kN act on simultaneously is controlled at below the 1.3mm better.In addition, it can also be seen that the lateral stiffness absolute value of fastener system and rail head of rail lateral displacement are the key parameters of control wheel track lateral stability through above-mentioned explanation, rather than anyhow to ratio of rigidity.

But because high resiliency fasteners such as Cologne egg and pioneer's fastener adopt same flexible member to bear vertical load and transverse load simultaneously; Common high resiliency fastener relies on resilient sleeper-bearing control fastener vertical stiffness under the rail; Lateral stiffness and vertical stiffness be close association all, can't optimize separately, though lateral stiffness is low excessively; If but do not adopt new structure or principle, for the user demand of satisfying vertical stiffness simultaneously could give substantive the raising again.

The device for fixing running tracks that the utility model has a vertical guiding is utilized in web of the rail both sides and is provided with that director element leads and horizontal vibration isolation; Utilize the vertical supporting element that is provided with under the rail to bear vertical load again, and utilize vertical supporting element and/or damping element to absorb harmful vibrational energy, the vertical stiffness of whole system, damping ratio, lateral stiffness can be optimized respectively; Can realize that when guaranteeing vertical stiffness the device for fixing running tracks that the utility model has a vertical guiding has very high lateral stiffness; Therefore use the back guaranteeing that gauge changes littler under the very high situation of vibration isolating effect, the wheel track oscillation crosswise is littler; Lateral direction of car rocks littler; Laterally slippage is littler each other between wheel track, and wearing and tearing are few, and the comfortableness and the safety of train driving are higher.

In addition, through the pretension piece is set, can prevent rail on pull out; Through flange of rail guiding device is set, can further improve the lateral stiffness and the safety of rail; Flange of rail load-carrying unit adopts metal spring, and measures such as emergent supporting member are set under the flange of rail, and in the time of can guaranteeing that load-carrying unit contingency lost efficacy, the deflection of rail is limited in the safe range, prevents derail.

Be noted that especially in the narration of this paper, the device for fixing running tracks that the utility model has vertical guiding also is called for short the utility model device for fixing running tracks or the utility model device sometimes in order to compose a piece of writing conveniently, its implication is identical.

The device for fixing running tracks that the utility model has a vertical guiding is utilized in web of the rail both sides and guidance set is set leads, and utilizes the vertical supporting element that is provided with under the rail to support again and consumes energy, and has improved the stability when rail is stressed effectively, and safety is better.In addition; Because adopted metallic elastic components such as dish spring or leaf spring as vertical supporting element, so longer service life, routine servicing requires lower; The rail of can significantly decaying is simultaneously made the vibrational energy of time spent at extraneous exciting force; Realize the favorable damping noise reduction, its cost performance is higher, and market application foreground is very wide.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks one of structural representation and use sketch map.

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation two and use sketch map.

Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation three and use sketch map.

Fig. 6 is that the A of Fig. 5 is to partial view.

Fig. 7 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation four and use sketch map.

Fig. 8 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation five and use sketch map.

Fig. 9 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation six and use sketch map.

Figure 10 is the vertical view of Fig. 9.

Figure 11 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation seven and use sketch map.

Figure 12 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation eight and use sketch map.

Figure 13 is the vertical view of Figure 12.

Figure 14 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation nine and use sketch map.

Figure 15 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation ten and use sketch map.

Figure 16 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation 11 and use sketch map.

Figure 17 is the B-B sectional view of Figure 16.

Figure 18 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation 12 and use sketch map.

Figure 19 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation 13 and use sketch map.

Figure 20 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation 14 and use sketch map.

Figure 21 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation 15 and use sketch map.

Figure 22 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation 16 and use sketch map.

Figure 23 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation 17 and use sketch map.

Figure 24 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation 18 and use sketch map.

Figure 25 have for the utility model vertical guiding device for fixing running tracks structural representation 19 and use sketch map.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment one

Have the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding like Fig. 1, the utility model shown in Figure 2, comprise the base 1 that cast steel material is processed, in addition, also comprise guidance set and vertical supporting element.Guidance set comprises the director element 3 and guiding trestle 2 that is positioned at rail 9 web of the rail both sides, and pressing plate 4 and position adjustments bolt 5 also are set on the support body of guiding trestle 2, and director element 3 is pressed on the web of the rail surface of rail 9 through pressing plate 4 and position adjustments bolt 5.Wherein, guiding trestle 2 is provided with two, and it is identical with base 1 material, and is cast as one with base 1; Director element 3 is processed by nylon material, and the director element surface is provided with groove, and it only closely contacts with rail in the top and the bottom of rail 9 webs of the rail.Vertical supporting element is made up of metal spring, is specially metal stamper spring 7 in the diagram, and it is positioned at rail 9 belows, has elasticity in that rail is vertical.In addition, influence the consideration of traffic safety from preventing rail generation excessive deformation, corresponding rail 9 flange of rail places also are provided with emergent supporting member 8 on the base 1.The maximum distortion of gap between emergent supporting member 8 end faces and rail 9 flanges of rail during more than or equal to the rail operate as normal.In this example, emergent supporting member 8 is set on the emergent supporting member 8 for the integrated cylindrical boss of casting on the base 1, dish spring 7, and relies on emergent supporting member 8 to realize centering and spacing.According to domestic and international related standards; In order to prevent derail, during rail fracture the dislocation of incision position vertical must not be greater than 10mm, the setting of emergent supporting member 8; Can guarantee to satisfy this standard, as long as the gap between emergent supporting member 8 end faces and rail 9 flanges of rail is not more than 10mm.Be noted that draining for ease in addition, the groove peripheral side wall that is used to hold vertical supporting element 7 in the base 1 is provided with gap 61.In this routine said technical scheme; Director element 3 directly is made up of nylon material, and its lateral stiffness is 120kN/mm, laterally rail 9 is being formed constraint; Director element 3 is by guiding trestle 2 clampings; Contact surface between the pressing plate 4 in director element 3 and the guiding trestle constitutes sliding contact surface, and it is vertical that sliding contact surface is parallel to rail, and the two can be along the vertical relative slip of rail.

It is to be noted; In order to realize director element in the vertical guide effect of rail and at the horizontal position-limiting action of rail, in the practical application, the lateral stiffness of director element is at least 120kN/mm; Like this, the vertical supporting element 7 of the vertical stressed main dependence of rail is born.This point all is suitable for all embodiment of the utility model, describes in the lump at this.

It is example that the device for fixing running tracks that has a vertical guiding with the utility model described in the present embodiment below is applied to subway, and its superiority is described.The vertical quiet rigidity of vertical supporting element dish spring is 60kN/mm, and the lateral stiffness of dish spring is high, and the lateral stiffness of director element is 120kN/mm; Laterally rail is being formed reliable constraint; Can effectively limit the relative slip between rail and the vertical director element, be equivalent to the rail flange of rail by effectively spacing, the comprehensive lateral stiffness (being that the utility model has the lateral stiffness of the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding at the rail head of rail place) that the utility model has a device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding is approximately the sixth of director element lateral stiffness; Be about 20kN/mm; Under the normal loading effect of vertical 40kN and horizontal 20kN, the rail head of rail lateral deformation is about 1mm, and lateral stability is higher; Can guarantee the lateral stability and the comfortableness of train driving, and the wearing and tearing that can alleviate wheel track.

During application; The device for fixing running tracks that directly utilizes the utility model to have vertical guiding substitutes the conventional rails fastener; Vertical supporting element 7 is put into the groove 70 of base 1, then base 1 and guiding trestle 2 are assembled together with rail 9, be fixed on base 1 on the sleeper (not shown) through the installing hole 10 that is provided with on the base 1 again; Utilize pressing plate 4 and position adjustments bolt 5 that director element 3 is pressed on the web of the rail at last, realize location and guiding rail 9.Should notice that thrust should guarantee to bear under the situation of peak load at rail, all director elements 3 can not become flexible, and all embodiment that this point is applicable to the utility model explain at this in the lump, and the back is repeated in this description no longer one by one.The operating principle of device for fixing running tracks that the utility model has vertical guiding is following; When the rail vehicle (not shown) from the rail 9 through out-of-date; Being utilized in web of the rail both sides is provided with guidance set and retrains spacing to the lateral deformation of rail; Because the contact surface between the pressing plate 4 in director element 3 and the guiding trestle constitutes sliding contact surface, therefore the two can give good guiding to the vertical distortion of rail along the vertical relative slip of rail; Guarantee how much states of rail in deformation process; Utilize under the rail dish spring 7 that is provided with to support and consume energy again, alleviate vibration effectively and improved the stability when rail is stressed, ensured traveling security rail vertical.In addition, owing to adopted the dish spring, has frictional damping simultaneously as flexible member; Longer service life, routine servicing requires lower, and the rail of can significantly decaying is simultaneously made the vibrational energy of time spent at extraneous exciting force; Realize the favorable damping noise reduction, its cost performance is higher.In addition; The utility model product can in very large range change to ratio of rigidity because lateral stiffness can independent design or relatively independent design anyhow, has therefore reserved the broad scope of application to vertical stiffness; Can realize thus: the device for fixing running tracks and the same director element that the utility model with a kind of structure are had vertical guiding; As long as change the vertical supporting element of different-stiffness, just can realize any variation of the utility model device vertical stiffness, or change according to certain preferred sequence; As 5,10,20,40,60,80,100kN/mm, and lateral stiffness can both better must meet the demands.Help the designer according to different vibration isolation demands, optimize the vibration isolation scheme, also reduced the fastener kind simultaneously, reduced stock, erecting tools, maintenance instrument, simplified the installation and maintenance method.

The utility model has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding through guidance set and elastic supporting element are set; Realize the geometry location function of rail and the vertical stressed bearing function of rail respectively; Guiding when the guidance set that is located at rail web of the rail place is responsible for keeping the geometric position of rail, geometry state and rail dynamic deformation; The elastic supporting element that is located between the flange of rail and the base is responsible for bearing main vertical load, and both material properties, mechanical property can separately optimizings, and guidance set is insensitive to wearing and tearing; How much states that make rail are steady in a long-term in vertical work when stressed; Lateral stiffness during rail work is bigger, and the rail lateral deformation is less, and horizontal slippage more finally causes problems such as rail abrasion between the wheel track that rail lateral stiffness deficiency causes under the external force effect thereby can alleviate or overcome; Help improving the application life of rail, improve traveling security and comfortableness simultaneously.

To sum up, the device for fixing running tracks that the utility model has a vertical guiding has not only been realized all functions of common fastener, also possesses better anti-vibration performance and security performance simultaneously; Owing to be provided with emergent supporting member; In case fortuitous event occurs, when the rail distortion reaches capacity, emergent supporting member 8 will directly be supported on the rail foot surface; Can avoid the further excessive deformation of rail; Make traffic safety more guaranteed, its combination property has vast market prospect considerably beyond the fastener of existing various structures.

Except that nylon material; Director element can also be processed by cast iron, hard rubber, cast steel, aluminium alloys, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PVC, ABS, Merlon or glass-reinforced plastic material; Or the damping structure of being made up of jointly above-mentioned material and damping material constitutes; As long as can satisfy at the horizontal rigidity requirement of rail and have good abrasion resistance, also can realize same effect.Except that the dish spring; The device for fixing running tracks that the utility model has vertical guiding can also adopt other forms of metal spring as vertical supporting element; For example can also adopt helical spring, leaf spring or metal spring etc.; As long as can enough elasticity be provided rail vertical, can realize same effect.

Embodiment two

The device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding like Fig. 3, the utility model shown in Figure 4; Be with the difference of embodiment one; Comprise one and base 1 casting all-in-one-piece guiding trestle 2 and dismountable guiding trestle 2a in the guidance set, wherein guiding trestle 2a utilizes securing member 13 to be fixed on the base 1.Owing to be provided with a dismountable guiding trestle 2a; The device for fixing running tracks that the utility model has vertical guiding can assemble with rail 9 and the relative position adjustment easily; Therefore can directly utilize guiding trestle 2 and 2a that director element 3 is pressed on the rail web of the rail, other position regulator no longer is set.Director element 3 is processed by the PVC material, and the matching surface of itself and rail adopts contoured design, all keeps tight the contact with the web of the rail surface of whole rail.The lateral stiffness of director element is 400kN/mm.Because the rigidity of director element 3 is bigger, produce noise in the use for preventing that director element 3 and rail 9 are in direct contact with, between director element 3 and the rail 9 buffer protection pad 12 is set, buffer protection pad 12 is made up of elastomeric material.In addition; In order to prevent that director element 3 and the contact surface of guiding trestle 2 and 2a from wearing and tearing; The surface that contacts with guiding trestle 2 and 2a at director element 3 is provided with the surperficial junction plate 11 that steel plate is processed, and surperficial junction plate 11 bonds together with director element 3 securely.For making rail surface even at wheel weight effect lower stress, to go back correspondence on the base 1 and be provided with rail cant, the rail cant gradient is 1: 40.

It is example that the device for fixing running tracks that has a vertical guiding with the utility model described in the present embodiment below is applied to subway, and its superiority is described.Wherein the vertical stiffness of vertical supporting element is 6kN/mm, owing to be provided with the buffer protection pad, the lateral stiffness of the utility model device is controlled by the elasticity of buffer protection pad mainly in the utility model; At this is 50kN/mm, and under the effect of vertical load 40kN and transverse load 20kN, the rail head of rail lateral deformation has only 0.4mm; The lateral stiffness absolute value is higher; Lateral stability is high, can guarantee the lateral stability and the comfortableness of train driving, and the wearing and tearing that can alleviate wheel track.

During application; The device for fixing running tracks that directly utilizes the utility model to have vertical guiding substitutes the conventional rails fastener; Dish spring 7 is put into the groove 70 of base 1; Then base 1 and guiding trestle 2 are assembled together with rail 9, utilize securing member 13 to install and fix dismountable guiding trestle 2a again, the position of adjusting guiding trestle 2a simultaneously is pressed on director element 3 on the web of the rail; Realization is fixed on base 1 on the sleeper (not shown) through the installing hole 10 that is provided with on the base 1 the spacing of rail 9 and guiding at last.For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the installing hole 60 that guiding trestle 2a goes up corresponding securing member 13 also is strip hole, explanation hereby.

Owing to directly utilize guiding

trestle

2 and 2a that director element 3 is pressed on the rail web of the rail; Omitted pressing plate and position adjustments bolt, so the structure of this routine said technical scheme compact more, installation efficient is higher; Need not dismantle rail during maintenance, workload still less.Owing to be provided with surperficial junction plate 11 on director element 3 surfaces, the guide effect of sliding contact surface is better, and longer service life again, and cost performance is higher.

Surface junction plate 11 is except that using steel plate; Also can adopt other surperficial junction plates such as corrosion resistant plate, aluminium alloy plate, color steel; Certainly can also adopt the nonmetallic surface junction plate that the glass fiber reinforced plastic equal strength is high, anti-wear performance is good, the mode that is fixedly connected between director element and the surperficial junction plate is except that bonding; Can also be according to the different choice heat seal of material, mode such as rivet, inlay, can realize same function.

Owing to be provided with rail cant, wheel pressure is concentrated on the axis of rail, reduce the load over centre distance, reduce web of the rail stress, avoid rail head and web of the rail junction generation lobe, the serpentine locomotion that can also alleviate train on the operational effect.According to related request, under any circumstance, rail cant should be greater than 1: 12 or less than 1: 60.Certainly,, also can the rail support groove of sleeper be pressed the regulation beveling of rail cant, can reduce the difficulty of processing of base like this for the concrete crosstie circuit.According to these requirements, the direction of improvement also can be provided embodiment one said technical scheme, for example can in base, set up rail cant, or before the concrete crosstie circuit uses, the rail support groove of sleeper is carried out preliminary treatment etc. by the rail cant requirement.

Embodiment three

Have the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding like Fig. 5, the utility model shown in Figure 6, be that with the difference of embodiment two buffer protection pad 12 adopts the elastic polyurethane macromolecular materials to process.In addition; For making dish spring 7 stressed even; Between dish spring 7 and rail 9, base plate 15 is set; Base plate 15 middle parts are provided with the centering that face-hardened steel pipe 8 guarantees dish springs 7, use the maximum distortion the when bottom surface of emergent supporting member 8 and the gap between base 1 bottom surface should be more than or equal to rail 9 operate as normal simultaneously as emergent supporting member.Corresponding with the position of emergent supporting member 8, on base 1, also be provided with through hole 16.The part, both sides of corresponding guiding trestle 2a position is provided with boss 50 on the base 1, and boss 50 constitutes guide groove with susceptor surface.Dismountable guiding trestle 2a partly places in the guide groove, and can in guide groove, laterally slide with respect to base along rail.Guide groove 50 can receive and to the vertical anti-creep power of base transmission better, prevent dismountable guiding trestle install and use in deflect around rail is vertical.

This example is said, and to have device for fixing running tracks and the assembly method between the rail and the embodiment two of vertical guiding identical.During assembling; Should utilize guiding trestle that director element and buffer protection pad are pressed on the rail; The assurance director element can be realized vertical guiding and cross spacing effect to rail well, and guarantees that director element 3 and buffer protection pad vertically play can not take place along rail.In the application process, in case rail is out of shape when reaching capacity, emergent supporting member 8 will pass through hole 16, be supported on the sleeper surface, can avoid the further excessive deformation of rail, guarantee vehicle driving safety.In addition, the through hole 16 that is provided with on the base 1 can also play the effect of draining in actual application.

Embodiment four

The utility model as shown in Figure 7 has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding, is that with the difference of embodiment three two dismountable guiding trestle 2a are set on the base 1, and guiding trestle 2a is fixed on the base 1 through securing member 13.What need special instruction is; In order to make rail 9 can bear external force upwards, also be provided with pretension piece 17 between the rail wing of guiding trestle 2a and rail 9, in this example; Pretension piece 17 is arranged to one with director element 3, and pretension piece 17 and director element 3 are processed by cast iron materials.Accordingly, buffer protection pad 12 is arranged between rail 9 webs of the rail and pretension piece 17 and the director element 3, and its elastomeric material by insulation is processed.In addition; Vertical supporting element can also by the elasticity macromolecular material and metal spring is compound constitutes, and in this example, vertical supporting element is made up of with elastomeric material 20 is compound together metal stamper spring 7; For making metal stamper spring 7 stressed more balanced; The upper bearing plate 18 and lower support plate 19 that below reaching above the metal stamper spring 7, are provided with respectively, upper and lower base plate is all processed with steel plate, utilizes sulfuration process and elastomeric material to be coupled to one.Elastomeric material 20 selects for use damped coefficient higher, has promptly constituted the damping element in the vertical supporting element at this.

During application; The device for fixing running tracks that utilizes the utility model to have vertical guiding substitutes the conventional rails fastener; Vertical supporting element is put into the groove of base 1, and base 1 is placed on rail 9 times, make vertical supporting element place rail 9 under; Be fixed on base 1 on the sleeper (not shown) through the installing hole 10 that is provided with on the base 1 again; The position of adjusting guiding trestle 2a is pressed on director element 3 on the web of the rail, makes all to produce the pretightning force of setting between director element 3 and pretension piece 17 and the rail, utilizes securing member 13 that two dismountable guiding trestle 2a are fixedly secured on base 1 then; Constitute sliding contact surface along the vertical contact surface of rail between director element 3 and the guiding trestle 2a, realize cross spacing and guiding rail 9.Certainly based on the know-why of embodiment three, also can be earlier with one of them guiding trestle 2a predetermined fixed on base 1, assemble again and between the rail.

Owing in vertical supporting element, increased the elasticity macromolecular material, therefore vertical supporting element not only can also provide the part damping for rail provides vertical support, can realize vertical vibration isolating effect better.And in metal stamper spring 7 outer setting behind the elastomeric material 20, more help the anticorrosion of metal stamper spring 7, help further improving the application life that the utility model has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding.After particularly being provided with pretension piece 17, rail rail wing upper surface has been carried out effective spacing, can limit rail on move, so rail can bear the bigger external force that makes progress, its compliance is stronger, can tackle special circumstances such as foundation settlement.Based on this routine know-why, the pretension piece can also constitute by metal spring, elasticity macromolecular material or the two are compound.

In this routine described technical scheme; Director element 3 upper ends cooperate with the rail head of rail bottom; The lower end cooperates with table above the rail wing plate, so when vertical distortion takes place rail in the vibration processes, does not have relative slip between director element 3 and rail basically; Directly with rail along relative slippage takes place between sliding contact surface and the guiding trestle 2a, so guide effect is better.

It is pointed out that the operating attitude when optimizing rail and cooperates with wheel in addition, the director element of rail inside and outside both sides setting also can adopt the material or the structure formation of different lateral stiffnesses, and this point equally also is applicable to the technical scheme that the utility model is all.

Embodiment five

The utility model as shown in Figure 8 has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding; Be with the difference of embodiment four; Vertical supporting element is made up of with elastane 26 is compound together metal leaf spring 7, for making the 7 stressed more equilibriums of metal leaf spring, the upper bearing plate 24 and lower support plate 25 that below reaching above the metal leaf spring 7, are provided with respectively; Upper and lower base plate is all processed with corrosion resistant plate, and combines through pouring technology with elastane 26.In addition; Pretension piece 17 independent settings; It adopts elastane to process, and firmly pastes on the pretension piece 17 the surperficial junction plate 22 that steel plate is processed is set, and surperficial junction plate 22 is provided with locating hole; On the corresponding guiding trestle alignment pin 23 is set and is mated, the cooperation through dowel hole can realize the assembling between pretension piece 17 and the guiding trestle.In order to step down for the pretension piece, director element 3 shortens accordingly.In addition, because pretension piece 17 has better elastic, buffer protection pad 12 only is arranged between rail 9 webs of the rail and the director element 3 and gets final product.

It is example that the device for fixing running tracks that has a vertical guiding with the utility model described in the present embodiment below is applied to subway, and its superiority is described.The vertical stiffness of vertical supporting element is 20kN/mm, because director element 3 utilizes cast iron materials to process, its lateral stiffness is high; The lateral stiffness of the utility model device for fixing running tracks is controlled by the elasticity of buffer protection pad mainly, is set to 40kN/mm at this, under the effect of vertical load 40kN and transverse load 20kN; The rail head of rail lateral deformation has only 0.5mm; Lateral stability is high, can guarantee the lateral stability and the comfortableness of train driving, and the wearing and tearing that can alleviate wheel track.

It is basic identical that this routine said the utility model has the application process and the embodiment four of device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding.

Based on this routine described principle, also can use alternative metals leaf springs such as metal stamper spring, helical spring, metal clips as metal spring and the compound formation elastic supporting element of elasticity macromolecular material, as long as bearing capacity is enough, also can realize same effect.

Embodiment six

The device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding like Fig. 9, the utility model shown in Figure 10; Be with the difference of embodiment five; The guiding trestle 2 of one side still with base 1 integrated setting, at opposite side, base 1 is provided with guide groove 62 and fixing shoulder block 30; Wherein guide groove 62 also is provided with near an end of rail and colludes groove 63, and the width of guide groove 62 is slightly larger than the width of dismountable guiding trestle 2b.During use; Guiding trestle 2b puts into guide groove 62 in the bottom, and mobile guide support 2b is hooked in it and colludes on the groove 63, guiding trestle 2b and fixedly also be provided with wedge 31 between the shoulder block 30; Utilize wedge 31 that guiding trestle 2b is pressed on the base, simultaneously with director element 3 be pressed on the web of the rail on.In order to prevent wedge slippage in the use, be provided with the concaveconvex structure of dentation respectively accordingly continuously at the wedge 31 and the fixing matching surface of shoulder block 30.In addition, the overlooking profile and also can be arranged to squarely of vertical supporting element, the appearance profile of corresponding base 1 further groove also is arranged to square.Vertical supporting element is made up of with elastane 26 is compound together metal coil spring 7; For making metal coil spring 7 stressed more balanced; The upper bearing plate 27 and lower support plate 28 that below reaching above the metal coil spring 7, are provided with respectively; Upper and lower base plate is all processed with steel plate, and combines through cast cured explosive technology with elastane 26.Wherein the corresponding rail in the both sides of upper bearing plate 27 is upwards turned up, and rail is formed spacing, can prevent to take place between rail and the vertical supporting element slip relatively.For improving the elasticity of vertical supporting element, through hole 29 is set at the middle part of vertical supporting element.In addition, pretension piece 17 and director element 3 integrated setting are processed by cast steel material.

During application; The device for fixing running tracks that directly utilizes the utility model to have vertical guiding substitutes the conventional rails fastener; Vertical supporting element is put into the groove of base 1, then base 1 and guiding trestle 2 is assembled together with rail 9, is fixed on base 1 on the sleeper (not shown) through the installing hole 10 that is provided with on the base 1 again; Dismountable guiding trestle 2a is hooked on colluding on the groove of base 1; At guiding trestle 2a with fixedly insert wedge between the shoulder block 30, utilize the position of the insertion depth adjustment guiding trestle 2a of wedge 31, adjust the pretightning force of

director element

3 and 17 pairs of rail of pretension piece simultaneously; Director element 3 is pressed on the web of the rail and locks the position of guiding trestle 2a, realize cross spacing and vertical guiding rail 9.

Certainly, based on this routine described know-why, the utility model has also can all be provided with in the base both sides in the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding and colludes the groove structure, uses two guiding trestle 2b to be mated simultaneously, this no longer in addition accompanying drawing describe.In addition, the draining gap that is provided with on the recess sidewall of base 1 does not illustrate in the drawings, explanation hereby.

Owing in the vertical supporting element helical spring is set, the linearity of vertical supporting element is better, and supporting capacity is higher, and lateral stiffness also slightly improves, more anti-creep, and the life-span is longer.When overload or rubber inefficacy, spring has certain emergent support functions after pressing also in addition.Because pretension piece and director element are processed by cast steel material, its abrasion resistance is fine, so the product that this routine said technical scheme makes is very long application life again.

Embodiment seven

The utility model shown in figure 11 has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding, is that with the difference of embodiment six based on the know-why of embodiment six, can change the structure of base 1 upper rail 62, it all is provided with along the vertical two ends of rail and colludes groove 63.Independently detachable shoulder block 51 is set, and detachable shoulder block 51 bottoms also are hooked in colluding on the groove of base 1, utilize wedge 31 with guiding trestle 2a and detachable shoulder block 51 locking positionings again.In addition, for preventing wedge 31 slippages in the course of work, can utilize securing member 32 that 33 pairs of wedge of baffle plate 31 are set on detachable shoulder block 51 and implement spacing.

Because detachable shoulder block 51 also adopts split type setting, can simplify the manufacture craft of base, helps reducing production costs.Certainly; Based on this routine said method; As long as the opposite side at base also is provided with the identical groove that colludes, also can adopt the guiding trestle 2b and detachable shoulder block 51 of hook-hang type in both sides simultaneously, can use up the difficulty of processing of step reduction base; Also among the protection domain of the utility model, explain at this no longer other accompanying drawing.

Embodiment eight

The device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding like Figure 12, the utility model shown in Figure 13; Be with the difference of embodiment seven; Also be provided with fixedly shoulder block 30 on the base 1 simultaneously; Also be provided with locking member between wedge 31 and the detachable shoulder block 51, said locking member comprises the locking pad 52 that is provided with in the guide groove that is provided with on the detachable shoulder block 51 and the guide groove, the thickness of the tooth that the thickness of locking pad 52 is provided with greater than the wedge 31 and the fixing matching surface of shoulder block 30.

During application, utilize wedge 31 with guiding trestle 2a and detachable shoulder block 51 locking positionings after, locking pad 52 is inserted on the detachable shoulder block 51 in the guide groove that is provided with; Because the thickness of locking pad 52, can guarantee the dentation convex-concave structure between wedge 31 and the detachable shoulder block 51 greater than the thickness of tooth and remain engagement, can't throw off; Again because under the action of gravity; Locking pad 52 is difficult for from guide groove, deviating from, and therefore locking back total is very stable, good reliability.Convenient disassembly in order to keep in repair, locking pad 52 exposes one section of guide groove, can extract out at any time, and then pull down wedge 31.

Embodiment nine

The utility model shown in figure 14 has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding, is that with the difference of embodiment six both sides of base 1 all are provided with guide groove 62 and collude groove 63; Two guiding trestle 2b are hooked on respectively and collude on the groove, also are provided with fixedly shoulder block 30 on the base 1, and fixedly shoulder block 30 is provided with position adjustments double-screw bolt 34; Utilize position adjustments double-screw bolt 34 can adjust the position of guiding trestle 2b; Thereby director element 3 is pressed on the web of the rail and locks the position of guiding trestle 2a, put into filling pad 64 then, loose slightly bolt; After filling pad is compressed; Regulate bolt 34 with the locking nut latched position, accomplish location, realize cross spacing and vertical guiding simultaneously rail 9 to guiding trestle 2b.In addition; Corresponding rail flange of rail place also is provided with flange of rail guidance set on the base; Flange of rail guidance set is between rail and base, and what be specially that base upper edge rail vertically continuously is provided with increases boss 65, increases boss 65 and is provided with simultaneously in the rail both sides; Rail wing plate outer and the contact surface that increases between the boss 65 constitute slide-and-guide face S, and it is vertical that slide-and-guide face S is parallel to rail.In addition, vertical supporting element only is made up of with lower support plate 28 elastane 26 and upper bearing plate 27, and upper and lower base plate is all processed with steel plate, and combines through cast cured explosive technology with elastane 26.In order to increase elasticity, also be provided with cavity 56 in the plate body that elastane 26 constitutes.For ease of draining, the groove bottom of base is provided with drain hole 55.Certainly, the position of drain hole also can be arranged on the lower sidewall of base groove, not description of drawings in addition.The pretension piece 17 of director element 3 and integrated setting thereof is processed by the hard rubber material, and wherein the lateral stiffness of director element 3 is 180kN/mm.

It is example that the device for fixing running tracks that has a vertical guiding with the utility model described in the present embodiment below is applied to high ferro, and its superiority is described.The lateral stiffness of director element 3 is 180kN/mm, and the vertical stiffness of vertical supporting element is 7kN/mm, and lateral stiffness is 2kN/mm; Owing to be provided with flange of rail guidance set, the rail flange of rail has received spacing effectively, and the lateral stiffness of vertical supporting element is minimum to the comprehensive lateral stiffness influence of the utility model device for fixing running tracks; Under director element and acting in conjunction vertical supporting element, the vertical stiffness of the utility model device is 7kN/mm, and vertical elasticity and vibration isolating effect are very high; Lateral stiffness is about the sixth of director element lateral stiffness; Be about 30kN/mm, the lateral displacement of rail head only is about 0.67mm under vertical load 40kN and transverse load 20kN effect, and lateral stiffness is still very high under the very high prerequisite of vibration isolating effect; Improve the lateral stability and the comfortableness of train driving, and can reduce the wearing and tearing of wheel track.By contrast, vertical stiffness is that the lateral stiffness of common fastener of 7kN/mm is low as can't to use, and on original structure, can't improve.In addition, another benefit of in high ferro, using the utility model device for fixing running tracks is, because the comprehensive lateral stiffness of system is very big, so the sweep of track can be littler.Certainly based on above-mentioned principle; If further improve the lateral stiffness of director element; When for example making lateral stiffness reach 600kN/mm, the comprehensive lateral stiffness of corresponding the utility model device for fixing running tracks is about 100kN/mm, so only need select different vertical supporting elements as required; The adjustment vertical stiffness just can satisfy the instructions for use under the harsh application conditions such as heavy haul railway.

In this routine said technical scheme, owing to set up flange of rail guidance set, increase between boss 65 and the rail wing plate outer and cooperatively interact through slide-and-guide face S; Make rail only to pass through slide-and-guide face S along vertical relative base 1 slippage of rail; Limited the translation of the flange of rail, thus spacing junction plate or mechanical brakeman needn't be set in addition again, again owing to be provided with vertical supporting element between base 1 and the rail 9; Therefore can guarantee to adopt the utility model of this routine said technical scheme not only to have good vertical elasticity; And compare with embodiment 1-8, for the director element of same lateral stiffness, also have higher comprehensive lateral stiffness.Its principle is, when rail head receives lateral force, because the flange of rail suffers restraints, laterally can not move, force rail with the flange of rail be the center around vertical deflection, the arm of force of the horizontal counter-force of director element is relatively large, so the rail head lateral displacement is less.So rail head of rail bears wheel weight and does the time spent, the shimmy good restraining that all obtained of the oscillation crosswise of rail and deflection in the course of work.Above-mentioned advantage makes the utility model device for fixing running tracks can be implemented in the higher vertical flexible while of maintenance; Effectively reduce the lateral displacement and the yaw displacement at rail head of rail place; Thereby horizontal slippage amplitude between the reduction wheel track has also effectively suppressed the shimmy of rail simultaneously, in the time of therefore can effectively solving vertical high resiliency; The wheel track oscillation crosswise strengthens, the excessive or too fast wear problem of rail of train transverse shakiness.In addition,, have good abrasion resistance, can guarantee that slide-and-guide face S can not cross quick-wearing, therefore adopt the utility model product of this type of technical scheme to have long application life because base 1 (comprise and increase boss 65) is to be processed by cast steel material.

Vertical stiffness is that 7kN/mm is a lower vertical stiffness in all fasteners in the market, and vertical vibration isolating effect also is one of best.But the utility model device for fixing running tracks is suitable equally for the high situation of vertical stiffness; The vertical stiffness of supposing vertical supporting element is the high value 60kN/mm of vertical stiffness in all fasteners in the market, and lateral stiffness is 21kN/mm, and director element 3 is constant; Lateral stiffness is 180kN/mm; Under director element and acting in conjunction vertical supporting element, the vertical stiffness of the utility model device is 60kN/mm, and lateral stiffness is about 30kN/mm; The lateral displacement of rail head is merely 0.67mm under vertical load 40kN and transverse load 20kN effect; Can guarantee also that when vertical stiffness is higher lateral stiffness is very high, can guarantee the lateral stability and the comfortableness of train driving, and can reduce the wearing and tearing of wheel track.

Aforementioned calculation shows; The utility model device for fixing running tracks can in very large range change to ratio of rigidity because lateral stiffness can independent design or relatively independent design anyhow, has therefore reserved the broad scope of application to vertical stiffness; Can realize thus: to the utility model device for fixing running tracks and same director element with a kind of structure; As long as change the vertical supporting element of different-stiffness, just can realize any variation of the utility model device for fixing running tracks vertical stiffness, or change according to certain preferred sequence; As 5,10,20,40,60,80,100kN/mm, and lateral stiffness can both better must meet the demands.Help the designer according to different vibration isolation demands, optimize the vibration isolation scheme, also reduced the fastener kind simultaneously, reduced stock, erecting tools, maintenance instrument, simplified the installation and maintenance method.

Compare with wedge is set, the technical scheme that this routine said pad and bolt combination are used is more simple and convenient, and easy accessibility is also very reliable.Because director element adopts the hard rubber material to process, its vibration for rail has better buffer action.

It is to be noted; Vertical supporting element can be the cushion of the compression-type, shearing-type or the expansion type that are made up of elasticity macromolecular materials such as elastane or rubber; As long as enough vertical stiffness and elasticity can be provided, can play same effect.

Embodiment ten

The utility model shown in figure 15 has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding, is with the difference of embodiment nine, at base 1 an incorporate guiding trestle 2 and a dismountable guiding trestle 2a is set.Director element 3 is by the junction plate that has convex-concave structure 43, damping material layer 41 and has the labyrinth type damping structure that the junction plate 42 of convex-concave structure constitutes; Wherein

junction plate

43 and 42 is processed by aluminum alloy materials, and damping material layer 41 is made up of the high-damping polyurethane material.In addition, in order to improve anti-wear performance, increasing on boss 65 surfaces of base 1 also is provided with wearing layer 57 in the flange of rail guidance set, and wearing layer is made up of nylon material, and firmly sticks on and increase boss 65 surfaces.The contact surface of wearing layer and rail rail wing outer constitutes said slide-and-guide face, and during work slide on the wearing layer surface in rail wing plate outer, and rail is formed vertical guiding.The cushion that vertical supporting element 7 is processed for elastomeric material, in order to adjust elasticity, pad is provided with cavity 71, and in order to optimize the rigidity of pad, cavity is diminished to the both sides size by the centre gradually.

The superiority that for example the utility model described in the present embodiment is had a device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding below describes.The vertical stiffness of vertical supporting element is 10kN/mm; Because be provided with the labyrinth type damping structure in the director element, the lateral stiffness of the utility model device is controlled by the elasticity of labyrinth type damping structure mainly, is 30kN/mm at this; Under the effect of vertical load 40kN and transverse load 20kN; The rail head of rail lateral deformation has only 0.67mm, and lateral stiffness is still very high under the very high prerequisite of vibration isolating effect, and lateral stability is high; Improve the lateral stability and the comfortableness of train driving, and can reduce the wearing and tearing of wheel track.

Owing to also be provided with wearing layer 57 increasing boss 65 surfaces, wearing layer 57 can also be realized changing in case wearing and tearing take place except the better wear resistance ability can be provided in this example, helps improving product application life, reduces maintenance cost.Based on this routine described know-why, except that the nylon of having mentioned, materials such as the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that wearing layer can also adopt in the utility model, powder metallurgy material or copper material are processed.As a kind of special case, wearing layer can also be to utilize technological means such as spraying, laser sintered or plating to be arranged on wear-resistant material layer on the slide-and-guide face, thin, and said slide-and-guide face comprises rail or/and the slide-and-guide face of base.In addition, because director element 3 directly is made up of damping element, its power consumption effect is stronger, and noise reduction capability is better, and test shows that this labyrinth type damping structure has good inhibition effect for the high-frequency noises more than the 500Hz.

It is pointed out that except elastomeric material, can also utilize other elasticity macromolecular materials such as elastic polyurethane to process the vertical supporting element in the utility model,, can play good effect as long as elasticity and intensity are enough.

Embodiment 11

Have the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding like Figure 16, the utility model shown in Figure 17, be that with the difference of embodiment ten director element 3 is covered with all web of the rail positions.In addition, the utility model has in the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding that corresponding rail flange of rail place also is provided with flange of rail guidance set on the base, and flange of rail guidance set is between rail 9 and base 1.Flange of rail guidance set is made up of flange of rail location-plate 54 and flange of rail elastic guide element 58; Wherein, The I-shaped flange of rail location-plate 54 that steel plate is welded is stuck in rail foot; Produce noise for preventing that rail and the flange of rail location-plate 54 from directly contacting, between the rail flange of rail and flange of rail location-plate 54, also be provided with rubber mat plate 53; Flange of rail elastic guide element 58 is set up in parallel with vertical supporting element 7; Flange of rail elastic guide element 58 is processed by elastomeric material; And vulcanize respectively with base 1 and flange of rail location-plate 54 and to be fixed together, the vertical external force of rail is still mainly born by vertical supporting element 7.Vertical supporting element 7 is made up of the dish spring; Flange of rail location-plate 54 middle parts are provided with the centering that face-hardened steel pipe guarantees dish spring 7; Use simultaneously the maximum distortion the when bottom surface of emergent supporting member 8 and the gap between base 1 bottom surface should be more than or equal to rail 9 operate as normal as emergent supporting member 8.Corresponding with the position of emergent supporting member 8, on base 1, also be provided with through hole 16.

In this routine technical scheme through the flange of rail guidance set that flange of rail location-plate 54 and flange of rail elastic guide element 58 constitute is set; Can realize the technique effect similar with embodiment nine; Can guarantee that the utility model not only has good vertical elasticity, but also have higher lateral stiffness.So rail head of rail bears wheel weight and does the time spent in the course of work, the translation of the rail flange of rail and the deflection of rail head have obtained good restraining.The utility model device for fixing running tracks can be implemented in to be kept the higher vertical flexible while; Effectively reduce the lateral displacement of rail head of rail; Therefore can reduce the oscillation crosswise of wheel track; Thereby horizontal slippage amplitude between the reduction wheel track, the lateral stability and the comfortableness of raising train driving effectively solve the too fast wear problem of rail.In addition, owing to be provided with flange of rail elastic guide element 58, water and other foreign matters can't get in the groove of base 1, need not to consider draining again.

In this routine said technical scheme since flange of rail guidance set and vertical supporting element 7 be linked and packed together with base in advance; Therefore only need when using to have put base and it is fixedly connected with sleeper, and then adjust guiding trestle 2a and make director element 3 be pressed on rail web of the rail place to get final product.

Embodiment 12

The utility model shown in figure 18 has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding, is integrated pretension piece 17 on the director element 3 with the difference of embodiment 11.In addition, the lateral stiffness for the ease of adjustment flange of rail elastic guide element 58 also is provided with the constraint stiffener 59 that steel plate is processed in the elastomeric material that constitutes flange of rail elastic guide element 58.Equally, as required, constraint stiffener 59 also can be provided with a plurality of.

The utility model of this structure has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding; Owing in director element, be provided with the constraint stiffener 21 that is used to increase flange of rail elastic guide element 58 lateral stiffnesses; Between the constraint stiffener in the flange of rail elastic guide element 58 with the suffer restraints constraint of stiffener of the compressive strain of outside macromolecular material; Compression stiffness---just lateral stiffness is increased sharply; And shear strain---be that vertical stiffness is unrestricted,, can reach 10 times, 20 times, 40 times, 80 times even higher therefore anyhow to ratio of rigidity design arbitrarily in very large range as required.

The utility model has application process and the embodiment hendecyl of device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding, and this is identical, no longer is repeated in this description at this.

Need to prove; Make flange of rail location-plate 54 if adopt insulation materials such as glass fiber reinforced plastic etc.; The director element that insulation materials such as cooperation nylon are processed uses together; Can make rail and the outside insulation isolation that keeps, prevent the generation of unexpected conduction accident, effectively improve the applicability and the safety of product.

Embodiment 13

The utility model shown in figure 19 has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding, is with the difference of embodiment 12, and director element 3 is processed by glass-reinforced plastic material.In addition,, when the vertical supporting capacity of flange of rail elastic guide element is enough, can flange of rail elastic guide element be used as vertical supporting element simultaneously, can further simplify product structure like this as a kind of special case.In addition; For improving damping efficiency; Also comprised the labyrinth type damping structure that junction plate 45, rubber damping material layer 46 that has convex-concave structure and the junction plate that has convex-concave structure 44 constitute in the flange of rail elastic guide element, the labyrinth type damping structure is arranged between flange of rail location-plate 54 and the base 1.Wherein, junction plate 45 and junction plate 44 are processed by glass-reinforced plastic material, can guarantee insulation.

Owing to set up the labyrinth type damping structure in the flange of rail elastic guide element; Increased damping element in the system; In the process of rail generation vertical vibration; The junction plate that drives repeatedly in the labyrinth type damping structure is sheared the damping material layer that is provided with in the gap between the two, realizes power consumption, so the effect that the utility model has a device for fixing running tracks oscillation damping and energy dissipating of vertical guiding has obtained further reinforcement; Test shows that this damping structure has the good restraining effect for the low frequency vibration that suppresses below the 800Hz.

Based on this routine described know-why, can junction plate 45 and flange of rail location-plate 54 be become one, also can realize same effect.

Embodiment 14

The utility model shown in figure 20 has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding; Be with the difference of embodiment nine; Vertical supporting element 7 is cushions of the compression-type that only is made up of elastane, and flange of rail guidance set also comprises the flange of rail location-plate 54 that glass-reinforced plastic material is processed, and flange of rail location-plate 54 is stuck in rail foot; Matching surface between flange of rail location-plate 54 and the base 1 constitutes slide-and-guide face S, and it is vertical that slide-and-guide face S is parallel to rail.In addition, to have the director element 3 of the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding be by the junction plate that has convex-concave structure 43, damping material layer 41 to the utility model and have the labyrinth type damping structure that the junction plate 42 of convex-concave structure constitutes.Pretension piece 17 is processed by elastomeric material; The independent pretension piece 17 that is provided with is directed to support 2b pretension and by being pressed in rail wing plate surface, can limit rail on move, so rail can bear the bigger external force that makes progress; Its compliance is stronger; Can tackle special circumstances such as foundation settlement,, can pretension piece 17 and guiding trestle 2b sulfuration be fixed together for preventing 17 slippages of pretension piece.Produce noise for preventing that rail 9 and the flange of rail location-plate 54 from directly contacting, between the rail flange of rail and flange of rail location-plate 54, also be provided with rubber mat plate 53.

Because director element 3 has adopted the labyrinth type damping structure, the labyrinth type damping structure has very strong inhibitory action to medium-high frequency rail vibration and the noise that is higher than 500Hz, has good noise reduction; If the labyrinth type damping structure at the rail length direction greater than a fastener spacing (550～650mm); And the setting of joining continuously; Then become the labyrinth type constrained damping structure, also having for the high-frequency noise that is higher than 1000Hz has the good restraining effect, and the length of damping structure is long more; Its effect lower frequency limit is low more, and effective band is wide more.Based on the principle of labyrinth type damping-constraining, the junction plate 43 of this damping structure passes through the bonded adhesives bonding of modulus of elasticity greater than 1000Mpa, better effects if with the web of the rail.Therefore compare with the technical scheme of embodiment nine, existing good lateral stiffness of present embodiment and effectiveness in vibration suppression have good noise reduction again.

This enforcement has solved a currently marketed technical barrier: pioneer's fastener is because orbit altitude is the same with common fastener; But vibration isolating effect is the highest in the fastener class; When having moved location vibration and exceeding standard with noise, the most simply way is exactly to adopt pioneer's fastener and labyrinth type constrained damping structure simultaneously when overhead.But existing pioneer's fastener web of the rail place is occupied, and the labyrinth type Constrained Plates must be broken off at length direction at web of the rail place, has lost the part noise reduction.Even so, still obtained the actual engineering noise reduction of 9dBA on steel bridge.Present embodiment can be obtained better noise reduction because the labyrinth type constrained damping structure can be continuous at the rail length direction.And damping structure do not need spring clip can not come off yet, and safety is higher.

Embodiment 15

The utility model shown in figure 21 has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding; Be that with the difference of embodiment 11 director element 3 is by the junction plate that has convex-concave structure 43, damping material layer 41 and has the labyrinth type damping structure that the junction plate 42 of convex-concave structure constitutes.In addition; Paste simultaneously on the rail wing of rail 9 the labyrinth type damping structure identical with the profiling piece is set; Independently pretension piece 17 is directed to support 2b by on the labyrinth type damping structure that is pressed in the rail wing surface, also can limit rail on move, so rail can bear the bigger external force that makes progress; Its compliance is stronger, can tackle special circumstances such as foundation settlement.Pretension piece 17 is processed by elastane, and be adhesively fixed together with guiding trestle 2b.

All be provided with the labyrinth type damping structure on web of the rail surface and the rail wing plate in this routine said technical scheme, this damping element has the favorable damping anti-acoustic capability, so the anti-acoustic capability of this routine technical scheme is outstanding.

Embodiment 16

The utility model shown in figure 22 has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding; Be with the difference of embodiment 15; Flange of rail guidance set is made up of flange of rail location-plate 54 and flange of rail elastic guide element 58; Lateral stiffness for the ease of adjustment flange of rail elastic guide element 58 also is provided with the constraint stiffener 59 that steel plate is processed in the elastomeric material that constitutes flange of rail elastic guide element 58.As a kind of special case, when the vertical supporting capacity of flange of rail elastic guide element 58 is enough, can flange of rail elastic guide element be used as vertical supporting element simultaneously.In addition; Also comprised the labyrinth type damping structure that junction plate 45, rubber damping material layer 46 that has convex-concave structure and the junction plate that has convex-concave structure 44 constitute in the flange of rail elastic guide element, the labyrinth type damping structure is arranged between flange of rail location-plate 54 and the base 1.This labyrinth type damping structure has bigger lateral stiffness and vertical preferably elasticity, therefore has guide effect preferably.

Owing in flange of rail elastic guide element, be provided with the labyrinth type damping structure, can absorb the following medium and low frequency nuisance vibration energy of 800Hz of rail, present embodiment has good energy dissipating absorbing effect, can improve the safety and the comfortableness of train driving; Owing to be provided with the director element of labyrinth type damping structure, it has very strong inhibitory action to medium-high frequency vibration and the noise that is higher than 500Hz, has good noise reduction again; If the labyrinth type damping structure at the rail length direction greater than a fastener spacing (550～650mm); And the setting of joining continuously; Then become the labyrinth type constrained damping structure, also having for the high-frequency noise that is higher than 1000Hz has the good restraining effect, and the length of damping structure is long more; Its effect lower frequency limit is low more, and effective band is wide more.Based on the principle of labyrinth type damping-constraining, the junction plate 43 of this damping structure passes through the bonded adhesives bonding of modulus of elasticity greater than 1000Mpa, better effects if with the web of the rail.

Therefore existing good lateral stiffness of present embodiment product and effectiveness in vibration suppression have good noise reduction again, can improve the safety and the comfortableness of train driving greatly.

Can find out that by embodiment 14, embodiment 15 and embodiment 16 compartment of terrain is provided with the function that the labyrinth type damping structure promptly can be realized vibration damping preferably under rail; The labyrinth type damping structure of length greater than a fastener spacing is set on web of the rail surface continuously, promptly can realizes the function of noise reduction well.

Embodiment 17

The utility model shown in figure 23 has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding, is with the difference of embodiment four, and base 1 becomes one with sleeper 66, and base 1 and sleeper 66 are the same to be made up of Reinforced Concrete Materials.Utilize anchor bolt 67 that dismountable guiding trestle 2a is fixed on base 1 and the sleeper 66.

This routine described technical scheme; Because base 1 is integrated in the sleeper 66; The base that the utility model has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding does not need to be fixedly connected with sleeper again, and assembling process is simpler, and the globality of system is better; And steel using amount still less, helps reducing producing and application cost comprehensively.

Embodiment 18

The utility model shown in figure 23 has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding; Be with the difference of embodiment 13; Flange of rail elastic guide element is the labyrinth type damping structure that constitutes junction plate 45, elastomeric material 46 that has convex-concave structure and the junction plate that has convex-concave structure 44, and the labyrinth type damping structure is arranged between flange of rail location-plate 54 and the base 1.Need to prove that junction plate 44 and 45 is processed by aluminum alloy materials, elastomeric material 46 had both had the elastomeric bearing ability, had certain damping again.Because this labyrinth type damping structure has bigger lateral stiffness and vertical preferably elasticity; Therefore have guide effect preferably and vertical supporting capacity; The performance parameter of the fissipation factor reasonably optimizing labyrinth type damping structure through selecting suitable elastomeric material just can realize utilizing the labyrinth type damping structure to use as flange of rail elastic guide element and vertical supporting element simultaneously.In addition, in order to guarantee the stability of the utility model device for fixing running tracks, junction plate 44 and 45 and elastomeric material 46 be sulfided into an integral body, and junction plate 45 and 44 be adhesively fixed with base 1 with flange of rail location-plate 54 respectively be in the same place.This technical scheme can be simplified the structure of base greatly, helps reducing the cost of production of the utility model.

With embodiment ten six phases seemingly since flange of rail elastic guide element in be provided with the labyrinth type damping structure, can absorb the nuisance vibration energy of rail, present embodiment has good energy dissipating absorbing effect, can improve the safety and the comfortableness of train driving.In practical application; Also can rubber damping material layer 46 only be connected setting with the sulfuration of one of junction plate 44 or junction plate 45; Because being respectively equipped with convex-concave structure on junction plate 44 and the junction plate 45 embeds each other; And vulcanize with base 1 with flange of rail location-plate 54 respectively and fix, add the auxiliary fixing of guiding

trestle

2 and 2a, the two can not break away from.

Embodiment 19

The utility model shown in figure 25 has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding; Be with the difference of embodiment two; Director element 3 is by the junction plate that has convex-concave structure 43, damping material layer 41 and has the labyrinth type damping structure that the junction plate 42 of convex-concave structure constitutes; Wherein

junction plate

43 and 42 is processed by aluminum alloy materials, and damping material layer 41 is made up of the high-damping rubber material.In addition, in order to step down to rail, the groove on the base 1 is along the vertical both ends open setting of rail.Wherein the lateral stiffness of director element 3 is 120kN/mm.

Owing to be provided with emergent supporting member 8 on the base, improved its safety of the utility model.

The superiority that for example the utility model described in the present embodiment is had a device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding below describes.The vertical stiffness of vertical supporting element dish spring 7 is 60kN/mm; The lateral stiffness of director element 3 is 120kN/mm; Because be provided with the labyrinth type damping structure in the director element, the damping material layer in the labyrinth type damping structure has certain elasticity, rail can produce a spot of horizontal slippage with respect to vertical supporting element in therefore using; It is not spacing by effectively to be equivalent to the rail flange of rail; The comprehensive lateral stiffness of the utility model device for fixing running tracks (being that the utility model has the lateral stiffness of the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding at the rail head of rail place) is approximately 1/8th of director element lateral stiffness in this case, is about 15kN/mm at this, under the normal loading effect of vertical 40kN and horizontal 20kN; The rail head of rail lateral deformation is about 1.33mm; Its lateral stability still is better than existing fastener, helps to improve the lateral stability and the comfortableness of train driving, and reduces the wearing and tearing of wheel track.

The foregoing description has provided the part typical structure scheme of the utility model, and based on the know-why of being narrated, technical characterictic wherein can also constitute new technical scheme again, all in the protection domain of the utility model.It is pointed out that because the existence of rail cant the notion of the direction such as horizontal, vertical, vertical described in this paper; It all is benchmark with the rail; Horizontal, vertical and vertically corresponding with rail respectively, wherein said rail is vertical, is the bearing of trend of rail; Rail is vertical, and promptly the rail flange of rail is vertical; Rail is horizontal, and promptly rail web midship section is vertical.The utility model also can be set up resilient sleeper-bearing between base and railway roadbed when using, system is different with conventional fastener; The purpose that resilient sleeper-bearing is set here is not mainly for vibration isolation; But in order to heighten, or in order to protect sleeper, and prevent to produce the secondary noise.

According to the know-why that the foregoing description is set forth, the technical scheme that the utility model has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding can much make up and develop, also all at the protection domain of the utility model.The utility model has the device for fixing running tracks of vertical guiding through guidance set and vertical supporting element are set; Realize the geometry location function of rail and the vertical stressed bearing function of rail respectively; Guiding when the guidance set that is located at rail web of the rail place is responsible for keeping the geometric position of rail, how much states and rail dynamic deformation, the vertical supporting element that is located between the flange of rail and the base is responsible for bearing main vertical load, and both material properties, mechanical property can separately optimizings; Guidance set is insensitive to wearing and tearing; How much states that make rail are steady in a long-term in vertical work when stressed, and the lateral stiffness during rail work is bigger, and the lateral deformation of rail head of rail place is less; Horizontal slippage more finally causes rail abrasion between the wheel track that rail lateral stiffness deficiency causes under the external force effect thereby can alleviate or overcome; Even defective such as emersion wave mill situation, in the application life that helps improving rail, improve traveling security and comfortableness simultaneously.In addition, mainly bear the vertical stressed of rail in order to guarantee vertical supporting element, the lateral stiffness of director element is at least 120kN/mm in the utility model.

Claims

1. a device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding comprises base, and base places on the sleeper; And utilize anchor bolt and sleeper to be fixed together, and it is characterized in that also comprising guidance set and vertical supporting element, guidance set comprises director element and the guiding trestle that is positioned at rail web of the rail both sides; The lateral stiffness of director element is at least 120KN/mm, and director element closely contacts with rail in the top and the bottom of the rail web of the rail at least, and laterally rail is being formed constraint; Director element is by the guiding trestle clamping; Be provided with sliding contact surface between director element and the guiding trestle, it is vertical that sliding contact surface is parallel to rail, and the two can be along the vertical relative slip of rail; Vertical supporting element is positioned at rail below, and vertical supporting element has an elastic carrying capacity in that rail is vertical at least.

2. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 1; It is characterized in that director element processed by cast iron, cast steel, aluminium alloys, hard rubber, nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PVC, ABS, Merlon or glass-reinforced plastic material, or the damping structure of being made up of jointly above-mentioned material and damping material constitutes.

3. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 1 is characterized in that the buffer protection pad is set between director element and the rail, and the buffer protection pad is made up of the elasticity macromolecular material.

4. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 1; It is characterized in that vertical supporting element is a metal spring or by metal spring and the elasticity macromolecular material is compound constitutes, metal spring comprises helical spring, dish spring, leaf spring or metal spring.

5. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 1; It is characterized in that vertical supporting element is the cushion of the compression-type, shearing-type or the expansion type that are made up of the elasticity macromolecular material, the elasticity macromolecular material comprises rubber or elastic polyurethane.

6. according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 arbitrary described device for fixing running tracks that have vertical guiding, it is characterized in that comprising damping element, damping element is arranged on director element or/and among the vertical supporting element.

7. according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 arbitrary described device for fixing running tracks that have vertical guiding, it is characterized in that comprising damping element, the parallelly connected setting of damping element with vertical supporting element.

8. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with the pretension piece between guiding trestle and the rail wing plate, and the pretension piece independently is provided with or becomes one with director element.

9. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 1 is characterized in that the part that director element contacts with guiding trestle is provided with surperficial junction plate, and surperficial junction plate firmly is connected with director element.

10. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 1 is characterized in that guiding trestle has two, lays respectively at the rail both sides, and wherein at least one can be dismantled.

11. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 10; The base that it is characterized in that dismountable guiding trestle place is provided with along the horizontal guide groove of rail; Guiding trestle partly places in the guide groove, and can in guide groove, laterally slide with respect to base along rail.

12. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 10; It is characterized in that dismountable guiding trestle is fixed on the base through securing member; Shoulder block perhaps is set on base; Shoulder block cooperates with wedge or pad and position adjustments bolt guiding trestle is fixed on the base, shoulder block for fixing shoulder block or/and detachable shoulder block.

13. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 12 is characterized in that base is provided with to collude groove, guiding trestle is or/and dismountable shoulder block is hooked in colludes on the groove.

14. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 12 is characterized in that being provided with the dentation convex-concave structure that cooperatively interacts between wedge and the shoulder block, also is provided with locking member between wedge and the shoulder block.

15. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 14 is characterized in that locking member is guide groove and locking pad, the thickness of locking pad is greater than the thickness of tooth in the dentation convex-concave structure.

16. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 1, corresponding rail flange of rail place also is provided with flange of rail guidance set on its characteristic base, and flange of rail guidance set is between rail and base.

17. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 16; It is characterized in that flange of rail guidance set is the boss that increases of the vertical setting of base upper edge rail; Rail wing plate outer and the contact surface that increases between the boss constitute the slide-and-guide face; It is vertical that the slide-and-guide face is parallel to rail, and at least one side of slide-and-guide face is made up of high-abrasive material or the surface is provided with wear-resistant material layer.

18. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 16; It is characterized in that flange of rail guidance set also comprises flange of rail location-plate; Flange of rail location-plate is stuck in rail foot; Matching surface between flange of rail location-plate and the base constitutes the slide-and-guide face, and it is vertical that the slide-and-guide face is parallel to rail, and at least one side of slide-and-guide face is made up of high-abrasive material or the surface is provided with wear-resistant material layer.

19. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 16; It is characterized in that flange of rail guidance set is between the flange of rail and base; Flange of rail guidance set is made up of flange of rail location-plate and flange of rail elastic guide element; Flange of rail location-plate is stuck in rail foot, and flange of rail elastic guide element and vertical supporting element are set up in parallel or become one.

20. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 19 is characterized in that comprising in the flange of rail elastic guide element labyrinth type damping structure of being made up of jointly sheet material that has convex-concave structure and damping layer.

21. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 1; It is characterized in that corresponding rail flange of rail place also is provided with emergent supporting member on the base, the maximum distortion of the gap between the emergent supporting member end face and the rail flange of rail during more than or equal to the rail operate as normal.

22. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 1 is characterized in that base is provided with rail cant.

23. the device for fixing running tracks that has vertical guiding according to claim 1 is characterized in that base and sleeper integrated setting.