CN202347370U - Transverse rigidity enhanced track fastener - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a transverse rigidity enhanced track fastener. The track fastener comprises a base, an anchor bolt, a buckled elastic bar and an elastic support part, wherein the base is fixed on a sleeper through the anchor bolt. The track fastener is characterized by comprising a guide part, wherein the guide part is arranged between the base and a steel rail; the guide part and the base are respectively provided with matched guide surfaces which are matched with each other; the guide surfaces are arranged parallel to the steel rail; and the elastic support part is arranged between the base and the guide part. The transverse rigidity enhanced track fastener can be used for keeping a perfect transverse rigidity while ensuring the vertical elasticity of the fastener, and the steel rail can be effectively prevented from deflecting and oscillating, so that occurrence of steel rail abrasion can be effectively slowed down or prevented besides the vibration and noise reduction of a traditional track fastener, and the service life of the steel rail is greatly prolonged. The transverse rigidity enhanced track fastener has the advantages of small occupied assembly space, economy and practicality, compact fastener structure, high cost performance and wide market application prospect.

Description

The reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness

Technical field

The utility model belongs to field of track traffic, relates to a kind of rail clip, is specially a kind ofly can effectively alleviate the reinforced rail clip of novel lateral stiffness that rail weares and teares in the course of the work.

Background technology

In recent years, track traffic has large conveying quantity and fast and safely waits plurality of advantages to obtain fast violent development because of it, brings very big facility for people's productive life.Fastener is the important component part of track structure, and it is combined as section of track structure with rail and sleeper, bears train load, and opposing is in length and breadth to active force.It is again the supplier of track elasticity and how much adjustment capabilities simultaneously, plays certain vibration and noise reducing effect, and particularly under the development trend of the continuous high speed of track traffic, the vibration and noise reducing of contacting piece requires to improve day by day.The initial general vertical stiffness of using of rail clip is at 40～70kN/mm; In order to improve effectiveness in vibration suppression; The higher fastener of a collection of elasticity occurred, like Cologne egg (track vibration-reducing device), Lip river moral fastener etc., the vertical stiffness of these fasteners drops to about 10kN/mm from 40kN/mm always.Owing to significantly reduced the vertical stiffness of rail clip, so the fastener effectiveness in vibration suppression obtained large increase, preferably resolves the vibration that produces in the rail transportation operation process and the noise problem that disturbs residents.But; Along with a large amount of uses of these high resiliency fasteners, expose some new problems gradually again, on the subway line in relatively more typical for example some cities; The passenger feels to rock in the car; Comfortableness reduces, the ground rail of square steel that the also has phenomenon faster that occurs wearing and tearing, even serious ripple mill has appearred in a large number.

According to analysis, main cause is: on the one hand, these fasteners are improving the vertical flexible while of fastener; Reduce lateral stiffness, made the vertical vibration of rail and oscillation crosswise strengthen, caused laterally slippage increase between wheel track; Thereby cause rail abrasion to increase, even emersion wave mill; On the other hand; Because the reduction of fastener rigidity; The rail head of rail deflection stiffness decreases, and when the lateral force that wheel-rail interaction produces constantly reciprocally acts on the rail head part of rail, drives rail and deflects repeatedly in its both lateral sides; Rail produces shimmy, this shimmy further ripple mill phenomenon of having aggravated rail.

Some fastener is in order to increase the vertical flexible rail head of rail lateral displacement of controlling simultaneously of fastener; Between bed plate and sleeper, be provided with the high resiliency backing plate, utilize anchor bolt restriction rail lateral displacement, though the rail lateral displacement has obtained certain limitation; But have following disadvantage: 1) backing plate below the seat board is softer; The pretightning force of anchor bolt is less, and the transferable horizontal frictional force between backing plate and sleeper is less, and lateral external forces is mainly born by bolt; 2) along with the increase of height adjusting cushion plate, it is increasingly high that lateral external forces acts on the application point of anchor bolt, and the moment of flexure that acts on anchor bolt is increasing; 3) operating mode that acts on repeatedly of little pretightning force, big transverse load dynamic load is totally unfavorable for anchor bolt; Because the anchor bolt root is positioned at the stretchy nylon sleeve; Through rocking repeatedly of levels direction dynamic load, become flexible easily or fatigue fracture, influence traffic safety; 4) vertical stiffness of the resilient sleeper-bearing under fastener rail head deflection stiffness and the bed plate is still closely related.

The existing rail clip that the Cologne egg is one type since its area supported and rail vertical be that out of plumb is also not parallel; But being certain included angle, its lateral stiffness and vertical stiffness are provided by same flexible member, so lateral stiffness and vertical stiffness are still closely related; Be difficult to independent adjustment; In order to adjust lateral stiffness, mostly be the vertical stiffness that needs the adjustment fastener, mainly the integral width through the adjustment fastener realizes.But in the practical application, the erection space capable of using of fastener is limited, utilizes this optimal way can't fully satisfy instructions for use.

Structure and design principle according to existing rail clip; Existing rail clip has all reduced vertical stiffness, lateral stiffness and the deflection stiffness of fastener simultaneously for realizing the better damping decrease of noise functions; Therefore existing rail clip is difficult to realize both having guaranteed effect of vibration and noise reduction---and promptly keep lower vertical stiffness, keep technique effect again than high transverse stiffness and deflection stiffness.

In sum, low and lateral stiffness of a kind of vertical stiffness of market in urgent need and deflection stiffness are high, can alleviate effectively or solve that vehicle under the high effectiveness in vibration suppression condition rocks or the novel track fastener of the too fast wear problem of rail.

The utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome above-mentioned defective, provides a kind of and is guaranteeing the vertical elastomeric while of fastener, and lateral stiffness can significantly improve, and can effectively suppress the shimmy reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness of rail oscillation crosswise or deflection.

The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness is to realize like this; Comprise base, anchor bolt, withhold spring and elastic supporting piece, base is fixed on the sleeper through anchor bolt, it is characterized in that also comprising guide; Guide is arranged between base and the rail; Be respectively equipped with the spigot surface that cooperatively interacts on guide and the base, spigot surface all is parallel to the vertical or vertical setting of base of rail, and elastic supporting piece is arranged between base and the guide.

The constituted mode of spigot surface can be varied in the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness; Can on base, be provided with at least two along rail the vertical or vertical lead of base; Lead lays respectively at the rail both sides; Spigot surface is arranged on the side of lead around the lead center, corresponding through hole is set on the corresponding guide cooperates with lead; Also can on base, be provided with the vertical or vertical boss that raises up of base in the part at least in corresponding rail both sides along rail; The inboard wall of boss constitutes spigot surface with rail rail wing outer matching surface or the inboard wall of boss cooperates the surface to constitute spigot surface with guide; Corresponding with the protrusion direction of boss, spigot surface is parallel to the vertical or vertical setting of base of rail; Can also be that guide is provided with the vertical or vertical boss to lower convexity of base along rail in the part at least, the inboard wall of boss and the matching surface of base constitute spigot surface, and corresponding with the protrusion direction of boss, spigot surface is parallel to the vertical or vertical setting of base of rail.Move past big on when preventing that guide from receiving uplift force or even break away from, in case of necessity, the positive stop that restriction upwards breaks away from can be set between guide and base with lead or boss.According to the difference of concrete structure, positive stop can select to be arranged on different parts such as lead or boss.

For making rail surface reasonable at wheel weight effect lower stress; Can also directly on the guide of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness, rail cant be set; Thereby reduce the difficulty of processing of base or sleeper, certainly, also rail cant can be set on base.Need to prove and since rail cant have or not or rail cant is provided with the difference at position, the benchmark of the direction such as horizontal, vertical, vertical described in this paper is different.When rail cant or rail cant not being set being located on the base; With the rail is benchmark; Described direction such as horizontal, vertical, vertical is horizontal, vertical and vertically corresponding with rail respectively, and wherein said rail vertically is the bearing of trend of rail, and rail is vertical to be the vertical of the rail flange of rail; It is vertical to be equal to track, and rail laterally is the vertical of rail web midship section; When rail cant is located on the guide, be benchmark with the base, base vertically vertically is equal to rail, and base is vertical to be the vertical of base end face, and base laterally refers to vertical and be parallel to the direction of base end face perpendicular to rail.

For conserve space and raising stability, guide is or/and the local spigot surface upper edge of base is higher than the rail wing plate.The maximum length that spigot surface is vertical at rail or base is vertical can be greater than 1/3 of rail height.

Know-why according to the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness; Can utilize between guide and the base and cooperatively interact; Guide can be slided along the vertical relative base of rail; But base forms constraint to guide in the oscillation crosswise and the beat vibration of rail, alleviates the rail lateral amplitude of vibration thereby reach, and improves the effect of rail lateral stiffness and deflection stiffness.Can take some wear-resistant protection measures to improve product application life at the spigot surface matching surface of guide and base; Specifically can adopt guide or/and the spigot surface surface of base is provided with the surperficial reinforcing element that high-abrasive material constitutes, guide can be along the technical scheme that takes place between spigot surface and the base to slide relatively; Perhaps guide is or/and base is made up of high-abrasive material, and guide can be along the technical scheme that takes place between spigot surface and the base to slide relatively.Said high-abrasive material comprises cast steel, ductile iron, nylon, tetrafluoroethene material, powder metallurgy material, copper material etc.

In order to realize regulating the purpose of the reinforced rail clip lateral stiffness of the utility model lateral stiffness; The elastic shear deformable body can be set between the spigot surface of guide and base; Thereby make between guide and the base and form elastic guide; The elastic shear deformable body the horizontal rigidity of track be its at more than 2.5 times of the vertical rigidity of track, relative motion can be through taking place between elastic shear deformable body and the base in guide.Said elastic shear deformable body is made up of rubber or elastic polyurethane elastomeric material.Elastic shear deformable body surface can also be provided with the connection backplate; The elastic shear deformable body firmly connects with the connection backplate through the mode of sulfuration, bonding or cast cured explosive, connects between backplate and the spigot surface again through locating slot, location shoulder block, alignment pin or bolt; Perhaps the mode through sulfuration, bonding or cast cured explosive directly firmly connects between elastic shear deformable body and the adjacent spigot surface.Certainly, can also the convex-concave structure that cooperatively interact be set between guide and base, the elastic shear deformable body is set in the labyrinth gap that constitutes between the convex-concave structure.In addition; Stiffener also can be set in the elastic shear deformable body improve lateral stiffness; Stiffener is parallel to the spigot surface setting, and firmly connects with the elastomeric material that constitutes the elastic shear deformable body on every side, stiffener is set after; The elastic shear deformable body can reach its 3～40 times in the vertical rigidity of track in the horizontal rigidity of track, and anti-oscillation crosswise is stronger with anti-shimmy ability.

For improving the effectiveness in vibration suppression of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness, counterweight can be set on guide.In addition, can also be or/and between guide and the base damping structure be set in guide.In the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness, the spigot surface of guide is polygon continuous or that be interrupted, circle or oval along the vertical projected outline of rail.

When using the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness, can rail directly be erected on the guide, the elastic damping pad perhaps is set between rail and the guide.Vibration and noise that the elastic damping pad can reduce guide and other adjacent components are set.For the ease of accurately adjusting gauge, between the rail wing plate outside and the guide gauge spare is set, perhaps between the rail wing plate outside and the base gauge spare is set.Said gauge spare comprises that common gauge spare and existing spacing function have the multi-functional gauge spare of insulation protection effect again.In addition, gauge spare between rail wing plate and the base outside can also be provided with spigot surface, and is different according to the position that has or not rail cant or rail cant to be provided with, and corresponding with spigot surface in the base, spigot surface is parallel to the vertical or vertical setting of base of rail.Withhold spring and be fixedly installed on base or the guide, and withhold on rail or gauge spare.

As a kind of special case, under certain conditions, elastic shear deformable body in the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness and elastic supporting piece can be same parts, and the structure of product is compact more.In addition, in the utility model, base can also with the sleeper integrated setting.

Elastic supporting piece in the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness can be for metal spring or by metal spring and the elasticity macromolecular material is compound constitutes, and metal spring comprises helical spring, dish spring, leaf spring or metal spring; In addition, elastic supporting piece can also be the cushion of the compression-type, shearing-type or the expansion type that are made up of the elasticity macromolecular material, and the elasticity macromolecular material comprises rubber or elastic polyurethane.In order to optimize the stressed of plate body; Improve the ability of anti-rail beat in the elastic supporting element use, when design and manufacturing elastic supporting piece, can make horizontal along rail; The unit area vertical stiffness at elastic supporting piece middle part is lower than the unit area vertical stiffness of elastic supporting piece both sides; Like this, under same vertical load, can produce more anti-deflection moment of flexure.

The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness through between rail and base, setting up guide, utilizes guide and base to cooperatively interact; Guide can retrain but laterally receive the comparatively strict of base at rail, thereby lateral stiffness that fastener is whole and vertical stiffness difference be come along the vertical relative base slippage of rail; Can adjust separately respectively; Even perhaps lateral stiffness is relevant with vertical stiffness, the degree of correlation is also less relatively, therefore can realize that the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness has the higher vertical flexible while; Have higher lateral stiffness, also have higher deflection stiffness simultaneously.In addition, anchor bolt no longer uses as lead in the utility model patent, and the resilient sleeper-bearing of base below is main to heighten function; Vibration-damping function is auxilliary, and anchor bolt can apply bigger pretightning force, so fastener has higher friction power in the horizontal direction; Reduced the horizontal force that bolt receives; The operating mode of this big pretightning force, little horizontal direction dynamic load is stressed very favourable to anchor bolt, and anchor bolt is firm, difficult loosening, and fatigue life is high.Again since between guide and the base with the spigot surface contact matching, contact area is big, therefore can bear the bigger deflection torque that rail head of rail produces when stressed, the shimmy phenomenon of rail deflection has obtained great inhibition.In addition; Through the elastic shear deformable body is set between the spigot surface of guide and base; The lateral stiffness of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness can design as required; Utilize the elastic shear deformable body of different materials or different structure, make the lateral stiffness of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness reach best.In sum; The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness can be implemented in and guarantee the vertical flexible while of fastener, keep desirable lateral stiffness, and it is shimmy to prevent effectively that rail from deflecting; Reduce train transverse shakiness and vibration, improve the comfortableness and the safety of train driving.Therefore it can also effectively slow down or prevent the generation of rail abrasion except the effect of vibration and noise reduction that can realize the conventional rails fastener, helps significantly improving the application life of rail.Because another advantage of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness is because it is not to reach the purpose of optimizing vertical stiffness and lateral stiffness through adjustment fastener integral width, so its to take installing space less, practicality more economically.The reinforced rail clip compact conformation of the utility model lateral stiffness, cost performance is higher, and market application foreground is very wide.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is one of structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness and uses sketch map.

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is two and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Fig. 5 is the vertical view of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is three and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Fig. 7 is the vertical view of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is four and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Fig. 9 is five and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Figure 10 is the vertical view of Fig. 9.

Figure 11 is six and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Figure 12 is seven and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Figure 13 is eight and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Figure 14 is the B-B sectional view of Figure 13.

Figure 15 is nine and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Figure 16 is ten and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Figure 17 is 11 and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Figure 18 is the vertical view of Figure 17.

Figure 19 is 12 and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Figure 20 is 13 and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Figure 21 is 14 and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Figure 22 is 15 and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Figure 23 is 16 and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Figure 24 is 17 and an application sketch map of the structural representation of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment one

Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in Figure 3; Comprise base 1, anchor bolt 2, withhold spring 3 and elastic supporting piece 6, it is characterized in that also comprising guide 5, guide 5 is arranged between base 1 and the rail 8; Guide 5 is processed by wear-resisting cast steel material with base 1; Corresponding rail 8 both sides are provided with along the vertical boss that raises up 36 of rail on the base 1, and the surface that the inboard wall of boss 36 and guide 5 cooperatively interact constitutes spigot surface S, and spigot surface S all is parallel to the vertical setting of track; Elastic supporting piece 6 is arranged between base 1 and the guide 5, is specially the resilient rubbber cushion that upper and lower surfaces is provided with convex-concave structure.During application; Between the base 1 of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness and sleeper 7, place the resilient sleeper-bearing 34 that rubber is processed; Withholding spring 3 relies on T type bolt 4 to be fixed on the base 1; Utilization is withheld spring 3 rail 8 is pressed on the guide 5, adjust the position of rail after, utilize anchor bolt 2 that the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness is fixed on the sleeper 7 again.As shown in Figure 3, in the chamber that prevents to be used in the entering base 1 such as rainwater in the use to place elastic supporting piece 6 and guide 5, be provided with several drain holes 31 in the bottom of base 1 corresponding chambers.

As shown in Figure 2, the spigot surface of guide 5 along rail vertical be projected as rectangle.In addition; The local spigot surface upper edge of guide 5 and base 1 is higher than the wing plate K of rail 8; Rail 8 places the stopper slot of guide 5 tops, helps controlling the overall height of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness, reaches conserve space and improves the stable purpose of rail.In addition, for the ease of adjustment rail spacing, the corresponding size amplification of through hole that is used to assemble anchor bolt 2 that is provided with on the base 1.

Different with conventional fastener; In this routine described technical scheme, the resilient sleeper-bearing of placing between base 1 and the sleeper 7 34 no longer uses as the main vibration and noise reducing element of rail 8, and the vibration and noise reducing of rail 8 mainly relies on the elastic supporting piece 6 that is arranged between base 1 and the guide 5 to realize; Resilient sleeper-bearing 34 more is the effect of playing protection sleeper 7 and preventing to produce the secondary noise; Therefore, resilient sleeper-bearing 34 does not need very high elasticity, and it mainly plays height adjusting cushion plate; Its vertical stiffness can be greater than the vertical stiffness of elastic supporting piece 6, and is all very little for the vertical and lateral stiffness influence of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Set up guide 5 in the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness; Utilize the guide 5 and the spigot surface of base 1 to cooperatively interact; Make the guide 5 can be along vertical relative base 1 slippage of rail; Owing to be provided with elastic supporting piece 6 between base 1 and the guide 5, therefore can guarantee that the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness has good vertical elasticity, again because guide 5 laterally receives the strictness constraint of base 1 at rail; Thereby can guarantee that the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness has the higher vertical flexible while, have very high lateral stiffness and deflection stiffness preferably.In addition since between guide 5 and the base 1 with the spigot surface contact matching, the local spigot surface upper edge of guide 5 and base 1 is higher than the wing plate K of rail 8; The strong point raises; Contact area is bigger, has reduced the deflection torque of rail head place horizontal force for the spigot surface center, has reduced the maximum crushing stress and the wearing and tearing of spigot surface; So rail head of rail bears wheel weight and does the time spent, the shimmy good restraining that obtained of the deflection of rail in the course of work.Above-mentioned advantage makes the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness can be implemented in the higher vertical flexible while of maintenance; Effectively reduce the lateral displacement of rail and the deflection of rail head; Thereby horizontal slippage amplitude between the reduction wheel track; Also effectively suppress the shimmy of rail simultaneously, therefore can effectively solve the too fast wear problem of rail.

In addition, anchor bolt no longer uses as lead in the utility model patent, and resilient sleeper-bearing is main to heighten function under the base; Vibration-damping function is auxilliary, and anchor bolt can apply bigger pretightning force, so fastener has higher friction power in the horizontal direction; Reduced the horizontal force that bolt receives, big pretightning force, little horizontal direction dynamic load composite condition, stressed very favourable to anchor bolt; Bolt is firm, difficult loosening, and fatigue life is high.

The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness not only has all functions of common fastener, has also solved the difficult problem that rail is crossed quick-wearing simultaneously, helps significantly improving the application life of rail, and its cost performance is higher, and market application foreground is very wide.

It is pointed out that because rail cant is not set the notion of the direction such as horizontal, vertical described in this example all is benchmark with the rail, horizontal, vertical corresponding with rail respectively, wherein said rail is vertical, is the bearing of trend of rail; Rail is vertical, and promptly the rail flange of rail is vertical; Rail is horizontal, and promptly rail web midship section is vertical.In addition; Elastic supporting piece can be the cushion of the compression-type, shearing-type or the expansion type that are made up of the elasticity macromolecular material; Except that the resilient rubbber cushion of mentioning in this example, also can be the backing plate that elastane is processed, can also be the resilient sleeper-bearing that other macromolecular materials are processed certainly; Or even comprise the elastic composite backing plate of elastomeric material; As long as can satisfy the vertical stiffness requirement of rail, simultaneously enough elasticity can be provided, can both reach the instructions for use of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.

Based on the know-why of the utility model, the similar various elastic supporting pieces that the elastic supporting piece 6 in the utility model can adopt this area to use can play good effect.

Embodiment two

Like Fig. 4, the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in Figure 5; Be with the difference of embodiment one; Withhold the spring of withholding that spring 3 can also use e type structure in the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness, and withhold spring 3 directly plug-in mounting be fixed on the guide 5.Base 1 is provided with 1: 40 rail cant.For the ease of adjustment rail spacing, between rail 8 and guide 5, gauge spare 10 is set, withhold spring 3 by being pressed on the gauge spare 10, and then rail 8 is pressed on the guide 5.In addition; Between rail 8 and guide 5, also set up elastic damping pad 9; Elastic damping pad 9 adopts the insulation elastic rubber material to process; Its rail of can decaying on the one hand plays certain buffer shock-absorbing effect to guide 5 and the high frequency stress wave of withholding spring 3 transmission, can realize the effect of insulation protection on the other hand.In addition, in order to strengthen guide effect, the part of base 1 is symmetrically arranged with boss 32, and the spigot surface S upper edge that boss 32 and guide 5 cooperatively interact is higher than the wing plate K of rail 8, has improved the stability of rail effectively.As shown in Figure 5, in this example the spigot surface of guide 5 along rail vertical be projected as ellipse.The profile of the elastic supporting piece 6 that is provided with between corresponding base 1 and the guide 5 also is oval; In order to improve deformability, increase elasticity, its center also is provided with through hole 30; In addition; From base 1, deviate from when preventing that guide 5 receives uplift force, 1 sulfuration is connected with base with guide 5 respectively to utilize the upper and lower surface of elastic supporting piece 6 of elastomeric material, thereby guide 5 and base 1 are fixed together.

Owing to set up gauge spare 10; The reinforced rail clip of this routine described the utility model lateral stiffness can be adjusted the rail spacing more accurately; The rail 8 of can decaying that is provided with of elastic damping pad 9 is passed to guide 5 and the vibration of withholding spring 3 in addition, and through the secondary noise of rail 8 with guide 5 generations.If particularly 10 employings of gauge spare have the multi-functional gauge spare of insulating effect, after being used with the elastic damping pad 9 that insulate, can form effective insulation insulation blocking to rail.Withhold spring 3 and be arranged on the structure compact more that makes the utility model on the guide 5.Based on the principle identical with embodiment one; In the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness through setting up guide 5; Utilize the guide 5 and the spigot surface of base 1 to cooperatively interact, make the guide 5 can be along rail 8 vertical relative base 1 slippages, owing to be provided with elastic supporting piece 6 between base 1 and the guide 5; Therefore can guarantee that the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness has good vertical elasticity; Again because guide 5 laterally receives the strictness constraint of base 1 at rail, thereby can guarantee that the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness has the higher vertical flexible while, have higher lateral stiffness and deflection stiffness preferably.So the reinforced rail clip of this routine said the utility model lateral stiffness also can be implemented in the lateral displacement that effectively reduces rail head of rail in the course of work; Thereby horizontal slippage amplitude between the reduction wheel track; Also effectively suppress the shimmy of rail simultaneously, therefore can effectively solve the too fast wear problems of rail.

Because elastic supporting piece 6 centers are provided with through hole 30; Therefore horizontal along rail, the unit area vertical stiffness at elastic supporting piece middle part is lower than the unit area vertical stiffness of elastic supporting piece both sides, like this; Under same vertical load, can produce more anti-deflection moment of flexure.

Such as embodiment one or embodiment two described technical schemes; Guide all can realize along rail taking place between the vertical and base relative slippage; For guaranteeing the application life of product; Guide should fully take into account the abrasion resistance of material in the selection process, preferentially select the good material of anti-wear performance for use, for example cast steel, ductile iron etc.It is pointed out that in addition except that the shown in the drawings of embodiment one or embodiment two and withhold the spring, based on the know-why of the utility model, the withholding spring and also can be applied in the utility model of other kinds, explanation, accompanying drawing no longer one by one hereby.

Based on the know-why of the utility model, the similar various elastic damping pads that the elastic damping pad 9 in the utility model can adopt this area to use can play good effect.

It is pointed out that because rail cant is set the notion of the direction such as horizontal, vertical described in this example all is benchmark with the rail on base, horizontal, vertical corresponding with rail respectively, wherein rail is vertical, is the bearing of trend of rail; Rail is vertical, and promptly the rail flange of rail is vertical; Rail is horizontal, and promptly rail web midship section is vertical.Owing to be provided with rail cant, wheel pressure is concentrated on the axis of rail, reduce the load over centre distance, reduce web of the rail stress, avoid rail head and web of the rail junction generation lobe, the serpentine locomotion that can also alleviate train on the operational effect.According to related request, under any circumstance, rail cant should be greater than 1: 12 or less than 1: 60.Certainly,, also can the rail support groove of sleeper be pressed the regulation beveling of rail cant, can reduce the difficulty of processing of base like this for the concrete crosstie circuit.According to these requirements, the direction of improvement also can be provided embodiment one said technical scheme, for example can in base, set up rail cant, or before the concrete crosstie circuit uses, the rail support groove of sleeper is carried out preliminary treatment etc. by the rail cant requirement.

Embodiment three

Like Fig. 6, the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in Figure 7; Be with the difference of embodiment two; Guide 5 is provided with 1: 40 rail cant because rail cant is located on the guide, the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness vertical, vertical and horizontal all be benchmark with the base; Vertical, vertical and laterally corresponding with base; Base vertically vertically is equal to rail, and base is vertical to be the vertical of base end face, and base laterally refers to vertical and be parallel to the direction of base end face perpendicular to rail.Be to prolong the application life of product, produced quick-wearing when preventing in the course of work relative base 1 slippage of guide 5, stickup is provided with surperficial reinforcing element 12 on the spigot surface of base 1, and in this example, surperficial reinforcing element is specially the liner plate that nylon material is processed.For improving the damping capacity and the anti-acoustic capability of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness, in guide 5, set up cavity, and damping material 11 is set in cavity, be high-damping polyurethane here.As shown in Figure 7, in this example the spigot surface of guide 5 along base vertical be projected as octagon.Change elastic supporting piece 6 for ease; Avoid adopting complicacy and the higher production technologies of cost such as sulfuration simultaneously; Change on base 1 local symmetrically arranged boss 32 tops and set up positive stop 33, utilize positive stop 33 that guide 5 and base 1 embedding are connected together, elastic supporting piece 6 independent settings.During assembling, can elastic supporting piece 6 be embedded in guide 5 belows earlier, with the two die cavity of putting into base 1 together along positive stop 33 side-lowers, in this process, can suitably carry out precommpression again elastic supporting piece 6.

This routine said technical scheme owing to be provided with positive stop 33, need elastic supporting piece 6 do not vulcanized respectively with guide 5 and base 1 and be connected, so production technology is easier, and processing cost reduces greatly.Owing to adopted the structure of convenience fractionation, when individual component was damaged, maintain and replace was also convenient in addition.It is to be noted; Also can only positive stop 33 be set,, also can serve the same role as long as intensity is enough in the part on boss 32 tops; And suitably dwindle positive stop 33 sizes, the operation easier in the time of can reducing assembling guide 5 and elastic supporting piece 6.Based on the principle identical with embodiment two; The reinforced rail clip of this routine said the utility model lateral stiffness also can be implemented in the lateral displacement that effectively reduces rail in the course of work; Thereby horizontal slippage amplitude between the reduction wheel track; Also effectively suppress the shimmy of rail simultaneously, therefore can effectively solve the too fast wear problems of rail.

Owing to set up surperficial reinforcing element 12, can effectively slow down the wearing and tearing of guide 5 and base 1, so the longer service life of the reinforced rail clip of this routine described lateral stiffness, economy is better.In addition, owing to increased damping structure in the utility model, be provided with damping material 11, so system damping is bigger, effect of vibration and noise reduction is better.It is pointed out that said damping material 11 can be the solid damping material, also can be the fluid damping material in order to satisfy different use needs, the cavity when selecting the fluid damping material for use in the guide 5 should be arranged to closed cavity.Certainly, when adopting the solid damping material, also open cavity can be set, to reduce difficulty of processing and cost.In addition,, except damping material is set, the bigger material of proportion also can be set in the cavity, for example concrete, cement etc. can be set in chamber as counterweight for reaching the purpose that improves effectiveness in vibration suppression.

Based on this routine described know-why, except that the nylon material of having mentioned, materials such as the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that surperficial reinforcing element can also adopt in the utility model, powdered metallurgical material or copper material are processed.Certain surperficial reinforcing element also can be arranged on the spigot surface of guide, perhaps is provided with simultaneously on the spigot surface of guide and base.As a kind of special case, surperficial reinforcing element can also be to utilize technological means such as spraying, laser sintered or plating to be arranged on wear-resistant material layer on the spigot surface, thin, and said spigot surface comprises guide equally or/and the spigot surface of base.

As shown in Figure 7, in this example the spigot surface of guide 5 along base vertical be projected as octagon.As required, in the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness, the spigot surface of guide along dolly to projection can be arranged to other polygons, circle or oval.

Rail cant is set on guide, can reduces the difficulty of processing of base, that rail cant is set is identical on its effect and the base, and equally, under any circumstance, rail cant should be greater than 1: 12 or less than 1: 60.Certainly, also can be chosen in rail cant is set on the base based on this routine said know-why.

Embodiment four

In first three embodiment; Guide and base have strict slide-and-guide constraint, and lateral stiffness and deflection stiffness are all than higher, but the oscillation crosswise between guide and the base is directly to transmit; In this case; The decay of oscillation crosswise relies on the elasticity of resilient sleeper-bearing 34 under the base, and the packing ring under the anchor bolt also will have certain elasticity, like spring washer.In order to overcome this shortcoming; The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness as shown in Figure 8 is with the difference of embodiment three, and rail cant is not set in the fastener system; In order to realize suitably regulating the purpose of lateral stiffness; Between the spigot surface of guide 5 and base 1, elastic shear deformable body 14 is set, forms elastic guide thereby make between guide 5 and the base 1, guide 5 is through elastic shear deformable body 14 base 1 motion relatively.Elasticity shear strain body 14 is processed by elastomeric material in this example; Its technological means and guide 5 and base 1 through sulfuration fuses; The function that not only has elastic guide can also be born certain pulling force, prevent guide 5 when receiving uplift force and base 1 break away from.For improving effectiveness in vibration suppression, counterweight 13 is set on guide.In this example, counterweight 13 is specially a layer concrete that is cast in the guide lower recess.

It is pointed out that the notion of the direction such as horizontal, vertical described in this example all is benchmark with the rail owing in the fastener system rail cant is not set, horizontal, vertical corresponding with rail respectively, wherein rail is vertical, is the bearing of trend of rail; Rail is vertical, and promptly the rail flange of rail is vertical; Rail is horizontal, and promptly rail web midship section is vertical.

In this article, the vertical stiffness of elastic shear deformable body is defined as all elastic shear deformable bodys of rail both sides in the single fastener and receives rail down cut and shearing rigidity when being out of shape on the vertical median plane of rail simultaneously, the ratio of promptly vertical active force and vertical deviation; The lateral stiffness of elastic shear deformable body is defined as all elastic shear deformable bodys of rail both sides and receives rail simultaneously and laterally act on the horizontal tension and compression in the vertical center of elastic shear deformable body and rigidity when being out of shape along rail, i.e. the ratio of horizontal force and this place's lateral displacement.In addition, in this article, the rigidity of fastener also comprises the rigidity contribution of vertical supporting member except the rigidity contribution that comprises the elastic shear deformable body.The vertical stiffness of fastener is defined as that rail receives along the vertical active force of the vertical median plane effect of rail and the ratio of rail vertical deviation in the single fastener; The lateral stiffness of fastener is defined as the ratio of fastener horizontal force and lateral displacement of the vertical center of elastic shear deformable body when rail head receives along the horizontal horizontal force of rail.Rail is not considered in lateral stiffness around rail deflection longitudinally influence, but in deflection stiffness, is considered.The deflection stiffness of fastener is meant when fastener receives along the horizontal horizontal force of rail at the rail head place; The ratio of horizontal force and the yaw displacement component at rail head place, wherein the yaw displacement component is the poor of the horizontal total displacement in rail head place and rail lateral displacement in the vertical center of elastic shear deformable body.More than definition is merely the principle of understanding the utility model patent better and defines.

Owing to be provided with elastic shear deformable body 14, the lateral stiffness of this fastener can improve several times than common fastener, and its principle is following: in common common rail fastener; Because spigot surface and elastic shear deformable body 14 be not set, the lateral stiffness of fastener and vertical rigidity and ratio thereof are controlled to the elasticity that ratio of rigidity (ratio of lateral stiffness and vertical stiffness) mainly is arranged on the resilient sleeper-bearing between base and sleeper anyhow, for simplicity; The resilient sleeper-bearing of supposing is uniform elastomeric material; The resilient sleeper-bearing elasticity that puts aside is to the contribution of the deflection stiffness of rail head, and according to theory of elastic mechanics, the vertical stiffness of resilient sleeper-bearing is its vertical compression stiffness; Horizontal rigidity is its horizontal shearing rigidity; It is an elastic modulus E and the ratio of shear modulus G to the ratio of rigidity back of deriving anyhow, is 1/ (2* (1+v)) in elasticity small deformation scope, and wherein v is a poisson's ratio; Be about 0.45 for the elastomeric material poisson's ratio, so the ratio of rigidity anyhow of fastener is 0.345.The pressurized rigidity that also is elastomeric material approximately is 3 times of shearing rigidity! According to this principle, the lateral stiffness of elastic shear deformable body 14 (along the horizontal pressurized of rail) is 3 times of its vertical stiffness (vertically being cut along rail), when elastic supporting piece 6 and 14 actings in conjunction of elastic shear deformable body; Through aforementioned calculation, fastener can bring up to 1.0～2.5 by 0.345 to ratio of rigidity anyhow, promptly improve 3～7 times; And have following rule to follow: elastic shear deformable body 14 is compared hard more with elastic supporting piece 6; Thin more, high more, improve many more to ratio of rigidity anyhow.In the practice, the resilient sleeper-bearing elasticity of consideration is when being provided with factor such as convexity on the contribution of rail head deflection stiffness, resilient sleeper-bearing large deformation, the resilient sleeper-bearing, and this ratio slightly reduces, but roughly rule is constant, in this narration one by one.

Owing to be provided with elastic shear deformable body 14 in the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness; Rigidity contacts making between guide 5 and the base 1 no longer in embodiment one to three; Change Elastic Contact into; Not only avoided the wearing and tearing between the spigot surface, the guide 5 of also further having decayed has improved the vibration and noise reducing performance of product to the vibration that base 1 transmits.In addition the utility model lateral stiffness reinforced rail clip also provide optimize fastener anyhow to ratio of rigidity maybe; Only need select the elastic shear deformable body 14 of different elasticity material, height and thickness according to Elasticity for use, just can reach the optimization fastener system anyhow to the purpose of ratio of rigidity.In addition, owing to be provided with counterweight 13, the ability of the reinforced rail clip control of the utility model lateral stiffness low frequency vibration is stronger, and combination property is more superior.

Need to prove that elastic shear deformable body 14 can also use material such as elastic polyurethane except the use elastomeric material is processed, also can realize same function.Except the sulfuration process of having mentioned, elastic shear deformable body 14 can also firmly link to each other with adjacent spigot surface through modes such as bonding or cast cured explosives.In addition, counterweight 13 can also use materials such as cement, cast iron to process except that using concrete material, in general, may be used to the making of counterweight than material great, good economy performance.

Embodiment five

Like Fig. 9, the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in Figure 10, be that with the difference of embodiment four base 1 is provided with 1: 40 rail cant, the notion of described direction such as horizontal, vertical, being still with the rail is benchmark.The stiffener 15 that steel plate processes is set in the elastic shear deformable body 14 improves lateral stiffness, stiffener 15 is parallel to the spigot surface setting, and firmly connects with the elastomeric material that constitutes elastic shear deformable body 14 on every side.In addition, shown in figure 10, in the part of guide 5 and base 1 convex-concave structure that cooperatively interacts is set, elastic shear deformable body 14 is set in the labyrinth gap that constitutes between the convex-concave structure.For improving the supporting capacity and the application life of elastic supporting piece 6; Surperficial stiffener 16 and surperficial stiffener 17 are set respectively on the upper and lower surface of elastic supporting piece 6; Surface stiffener 16 and surperficial stiffener 17 are processed by engineering plastics; And be adhesively fixed with elastic supporting piece 6 and be integral, the cavity that a plurality of same sizes are set in the elastic body of elastic supporting piece 6 is in order to improve elasticity.In addition, be symmetrical set boss 32, improved the height of spigot surface in the part of base 1; The local spigot surface upper edge of guide 5 and base 1 is higher than the wing plate K of rail 8; The strong point raises, and contact area is bigger, therefore can bear the big moment that rail head of rail produces when stressed; So rail head of rail bears wheel weight and does the time spent, the shimmy good restraining that obtained of the deflection of rail in the course of work.

Because all contact surfaces between guide 5 and the base 1 all are provided with the elastic shear deformable body 14 that elastomeric material constitutes; Can effective attenuation vibrate; Therefore in this routine described technical scheme; The backing plate of placing between base 1 and the sleeper 7 35 adopts the sisal hemp fabric to soak into the mechanical brakeman of processing behind the modified bitumen, and backing plate 35 more is the effect of playing protection sleeper 7 and preventing to produce the secondary noise, and its elasticity is less; Its vertical stiffness influence for the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness is very little, is mainly used in track and heightens.

Owing to be provided with stiffener in the elastic shear deformable body; The elastomeric material that stiffener is adjacent suffers restraints in the distortion along stiffener in-plane (rail is vertical); Pressurized rigidity sharply increases, but constant basically along the vertical rigidity of being cut of rail, so the lateral stiffness of elastic shear deformable body (along the horizontal pressurized of rail) can be up to 5～40 times with the ratio of vertical rigidity (being cut along rail is vertical); Anti-traversing, the anti-beat ability of track is stronger; Its rule is: under equally distributed prerequisite, the stiffener both sides or between thickness and the length of elastomeric material compare more for a short time with width, the ratio of rigidity anyhow of elastic shear deformable body 14 is big more.In addition; Through the stiffener of different-thickness or varying number is set in the elastic shear deformable body 14 of same size and material; Just can obtain to have the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness of different lateral stiffnesses, thereby satisfy the user demand of different operating modes.

Owing between guide 5 and base 1, be provided with the convex-concave structure that cooperatively interacts, effective work area of spigot surface significantly increases, and therefore the shimmy ability of the anti-rail of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness of this structure is stronger.Certainly, except the convex-concave structure that cooperatively interacts in the setting of the part of guide 5 and base 1 cooperation spigot surface, also can the convex-concave structure that cooperatively interact all be set at all cooperation spigot surfaces of guide 5 and base 1.

In addition, according to actual needs, stiffener 15 also can be provided with polylith, and stiffener can be in elastic shear deformable body 14 be provided with continuously, also can be interrupted setting.

Based on this routine know-why, the size of the elastic plate body cavity of elastic supporting piece 6 also can differ from one another, for example; In order to optimize plate body rigidity; Also can make the horizontal cavity size narrowing toward each end of plate body upper edge rail, broad in the middle, like this, the unit area vertical stiffness at elastic supporting piece middle part is lower than the unit area vertical stiffness of elastic supporting piece both sides; Beat when can be to rail stressed forms and suppresses, and the stability when making rail work is better.Concrete, can diminish gradually continuously successively to both sides by the centre along the size of the horizontal plate body upper plenum of rail, also can be by the centre to interim the diminishing gradually in both sides.

In addition; Because the lateral stiffness of the fastener of present embodiment can be enough big; Therefore can be under the fixing prerequisite of the lateral stiffness of elastic shear deformable body 14, realize adopting with a kind of fastener, just the vertical stiffness of elastic supporting piece is different and constitute product line, realizes the step-wise transition of vertical stiffness; Satisfy the vertically changing rigidity demand under the specific conditions such as changeover portion, for example steel spring floating slab carries out the transition to the changeover portion of solid concrete roabed.

Embodiment six

The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in figure 11 is that with the difference of embodiment four base 1 is provided with 1: 40 rail cant.Said elastic shear deformable body 14 is made up of elastane; Elastic shear deformable body 14 surfaces are provided with the connection backplate 19 and 20 that steel plate is processed; Elastic shear deformable body 14 firmly connects with connection backplate 19 and 20 through the mode of bonding; Connect backplate 20 and fix through the locating slot that is provided with on the base 1 with the spigot surface of base 1, in addition, the spigot surface of guide 5 is provided with locating hole; Welding is provided with alignment pin 21 on the connection backplate 19, passes through locating hole and alignment pin 21 matching and fixing between the spigot surface of connection backplate 20 and guide 5.Except that elastic supporting piece 6, between guide 5 and base 1, also set up damping structure.In this example, damping structure is specially one deck solid damping material 18 that is cast in guide 5 lower grooves.Elastic supporting piece 6 is composited by metal stamper spring and elastomeric material, and evenly stressed in order to guarantee the dish spring, the end face of elastic supporting piece 6 also is provided with the surperficial stiffener 16 that steel plate is processed, and surperficial stiffener 16 is sulfided into one with elastomeric material.In addition, the middle part of elastic supporting piece 6 is provided with through hole.Similar with embodiment five; Because all contact surfaces between guide 5 and the base 1 all are provided with elastomeric material; Can effective attenuation vibrate to the base transmission; Therefore in this routine described technical scheme, the backing plate of placing between base 1 and the sleeper 7 35 adopts the sisal hemp fabric to soak into the mechanical brakeman of processing behind the modified bitumen, is that master, vibration damping are auxilliary to heighten.

According to this routine described know-why, can amplify out a plurality of technical schemes.For example, said elastic shear deformable body can specifically be made up of rubber or elastic polyurethane elastomeric material; Different according to material, the elastic shear deformable body can be realized through modes such as sulfuration, bonding or cast cured explosives with being fixedly connected of connection backplate; Connect and to pass through locating slot, location shoulder block, alignment pin or bolt between backplate and the spigot surface.At this, a description of drawings for example differs.

In addition, the elastic supporting piece in the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness can also by the metal spring of other types and the elasticity macromolecular material is compound constitutes, like helical spring, leaf spring or metal spring etc.

Embodiment seven

The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in figure 12; Be with the difference of embodiment four; As a kind of special case, when the vertical elastomeric bearing power of elastic shear deformable body 14 is enough, can elastic shear deformable body 14 be used as elastic supporting piece simultaneously.The structure of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness can be simpler like this.In addition, the damping structure that is provided with between guide 5 and the base 1 also can be varied, and damping structure is specially labyrinth type damping sheet 22 in this example.Labyrinth type damping structure 22 comprises two junction plates that have the convex-concave structure that cooperatively interacts, and in the labyrinth gap that constitutes between the junction plate convex-concave structure damping material is set.In addition, in guide 5, also be provided with rail cant with the matching surface of rail 8 because rail cant is located on the guide, the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness vertical, vertical and horizontal all be benchmark with the base.In addition, during application, the backing plate of placing between base 1 and the sleeper 7 35 adopts the sisal hemp fabric to soak into the mechanical brakeman of processing behind the modified bitumen.

Owing to set up labyrinth type damping sheet 22; Increased damping element in the system; And modal damping ratio that can the independent optimization system, in the process of rail generation vertical vibration, the junction plate that drives repeatedly in the labyrinth type damping sheet 22 is sheared the damping material layer that is provided with in the gap between the junction plate; Realize power consumption; Therefore the effect of the reinforced rail clip oscillation damping and energy dissipating of the utility model lateral stiffness has obtained further reinforcement, and test shows that this damping structure all has the good restraining effect for the low frequency vibration that suppresses below the 800Hz.It is pointed out that when the design fastener, consider that the labyrinth type damping structure is at horizontal and vertical static rigidity, dynamic rate.If the employing visco-elastic damping material, the lateral stiffness of this structure is higher, can further improve fastener anyhow to ratio of rigidity.

Based on this routine described know-why; Directly on the guide of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness, rail cant is set; Can reduce the difficulty of processing of base or sleeper greatly, it is applicable to the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness of various structures.

Embodiment eight

Like Figure 13, the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in Figure 14; Be with the difference of embodiment four; Be set with four on the base 1 along the vertical lead 23 of rail, correspondence is provided with through hole and cooperates with lead 23 on the guide 5, and corresponding elastic shear deformable body 14 also is provided with four; Be separately positioned between lead 23 and the guide 5, and be solidly fixed with guide 5 with adjacent lead 23.It is to be noted; Withhold spring for the ease of assembling; The height of two leads that is positioned at rail the same side is different, but identical along two leads 23 of diagonal, and the size of through hole in the corresponding guide 5 and elastic shear deformable body 14 is corresponding with it.Elastic shear deformable body 14 is made up of elastomeric material; Lead 23 that it is adjacent with both sides respectively and guide 5 sulfurations are fixed together; Elastic shear deformable body 14 plays the effect of elastic guide on the one hand; Can bear pulling force upwards on the one hand, prevent that guide 5 from pulling away from lead 23 when receiving uplift force.Lead 23 promptly constitutes said spigot surface with the matching surface of guide 5, and spigot surface is arranged on the side of lead around the lead center.Wherein, Withhold the wing plate K of the spigot surface S upper edge of relative a pair of lead of spring 3 cartridge insertion directions 23 and corresponding guide 5 far above rail 8 with both sides, the total length of its spigot surface is greater than 1/3rd of the rail height, because its strong point is high; Contact area is bigger; Whole is higher to ratio of rigidity anyhow, so rail head of rail bears wheel weight and does the time spent in the course of work, the deflection of rail is shimmy can to obtain good restraining.In addition, the backing plate that elastic supporting element 6 is processed for elastomeric material for optimizing the rigidity and the elasticity of plate body, also is provided with the different size cavity in the plate body, horizontal along rail, and cavity size is by plate body middle part diminishing to the both sides stage.Need to prove that elastic supporting element 6 is set on the lead 23, can realize spacingly automatically that so die cavity need be set in the base plate 1, its structure is simpler, also processing and manufacturing more easily.Similar with embodiment five; Because all contact surfaces between guide 5 and the base 1 all are provided with elastomeric material; Can effective attenuation vibrate; Therefore in this routine described technical scheme, the backing plate of placing between base 1 and the sleeper 7 35 adopts the sisal hemp fabric to soak into the mechanical brakeman of processing behind the modified bitumen.

Because be provided with lead 23 and elastic shear deformable body 14, in the course of the work, guide 5 can be done vertical moving relative to base 1 along lead 23, elasticity shear strain body 14 has played the effect of elastic guide in this process.Owing to also be provided with elastomeric elastic supporting piece 6 between guide 5 and the base 1, therefore can guarantee that the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness has good vertical elasticity, can realize the function of vibration and noise reducing well again.Simultaneously; Lead 23 can restricted guidance spare 5 horizontal movement; Cooperatively interact between lead 23 and the guide 5,5 run-off the straights of restricted guidance spare or deflection effectively is so the state that is fixed in rail 8 courses of work on the guide 5 is also more stable; Therefore the reinforced rail clip of this routine said the utility model lateral stiffness can effectively reduce the lateral displacement of rail; Thereby horizontal slippage amplitude has also effectively suppressed the shimmy of rail simultaneously between the reduction wheel track, can effectively solve rail and cross problems such as quick-wearing.Particularly through changing the elasticity of elastic shear deformable body 14, can optimize the lateral stiffness of whole fastener system, make the utility model when guaranteeing security performance, the vibration and noise reducing performance is more superior.

Based on the described know-why of the utility model; Lead also can be arranged to other forms such as cone square, cuboid except that this routine described cylinder, different according to structure; Lead 23 also can be provided with 1 group, 2 groups or 3 groups with elastic shear deformable body 14; So-called one group promptly refers to a lead 23 and an elastic shear deformable body 14 that is mated, for example, can only be symmetrical set 2 groups in the fastener diagonal; As long as can play the effect of vertical guiding and cross spacing, can play same effect.Certainly, according to this principle, lead 23 also can be provided with a lot of groups with elastic shear deformable body 14, but for guaranteed strength and saving space, lead 23 is no more than 4 groups with elastic shear deformable body 14 generally speaking.

The reinforced rail clip of this routine said the utility model lateral stiffness is simple and compact for structure, more safe and practical.This example is narrated with the technical scheme that rail cant is not set, the notion of therefore described direction such as horizontal, vertical, and being still with the rail is benchmark, in practical application, also can be chosen in as required on guide or the base rail cant is set.

Embodiment nine

As a kind of special case, the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in figure 15 is that with the difference of embodiment eight guide 5 is provided with 1: 35 rail cant, and the notion of described direction such as horizontal, vertical is a benchmark with the base.When the elasticity of elastic shear deformable body 14 and bearing capacity are enough; Can directly utilize elastic shear deformable body 14 to use as elastic supporting piece; Simultaneously in order to realize proportional control to the vertical stiffness and the lateral stiffness of whole fastener system; In elastic shear deformable body 14, set up tubular stiffener 38, stiffener 38 is processed by steel plate.The setting of this stiffener can make can between 3～40 times, changing arbitrarily as required to ratio of rigidity anyhow of fastener.

This routine said technical scheme can further be simplified the structure of the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness, and is also more favourable to saving installing space.Certainly, except on guide, being provided with the rail cant, also can being chosen in rail cant is set on the base.

Embodiment ten

The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in figure 16; Be with the difference of embodiment eight; Base 1 becomes one with sleeper 7; And base is provided with 1: 35 rail cant, except that four leads 23 for the steel anchoring piece is embedded in the sleeper 7, other parts of base 1 and sleeper 7 are the same to be made up of Reinforced Concrete Materials.Because the rail cant that is provided with of base, the notion of described direction such as horizontal, vertical is identical with embodiment eight, and being still with the rail is benchmark, should notice that four leads 23 need be along the vertical setting of rail.Utilize lead 23 and guide 5 to cooperate, form vertical slide-and-guide and cross spacing, this moment, the matching surface of lead 23 and guide 5 was described spigot surface S.For prolonging the application life of product; Produced quick-wearing when preventing in the course of work relative base 1 slippage of guide 5; Set up the surperficial reinforcing element 37 that high-abrasive material is processed on the spigot surface surface of guide 5; It is specially the copper sliding guide sleeve, and guide 5 slides on the spigot surface of lead 23 through sliding guide sleeve.Move past big on when preventing that guide 5 from receiving uplift force or even break away from lead 23, two higher lead 23 tops also are provided with positive stop 50, and positive stop 50 utilizes securing member 51 and lead to be fixed together.Certainly can all fixedly install positive stop 50 on all lead tops in case of necessity.The backing plate that elastic supporting element 6 is processed for elastane for optimizing the rigidity and the elasticity of plate body, also is provided with the different size cavity in the plate body, horizontal along rail, cavity size by the plate body middle part to both sides diminishing gradually successively.

Equally also can also can play same effect on the spigot surface of lead 23 in that surperficial reinforcing element 37 is set.Based on this routine described know-why, except that the copper material of having mentioned, materials such as the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that surperficial reinforcing element can also adopt in the utility model, powdered metallurgical material or nylon are processed.Certain surperficial reinforcing element also can be provided with on the spigot surface of guide and base simultaneously.As a kind of special case, surperficial reinforcing element can also be to utilize technological means such as spraying, laser sintered or plating to be arranged on wear-resistant material layer on the spigot surface, thin, and said spigot surface comprises guide equally or/and the spigot surface of base.

This routine described technical scheme; Because base 1 is integrated in the sleeper; Reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness and sleeper need not to utilize anchor bolt to fix again, and assembling process is simpler, and the globality of system is better; And steel using amount still less, helps reducing producing and application cost comprehensively.

Embodiment 11

The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in Figure 17 and 18 is with the difference of embodiment one, also is provided with rail cant on the base 1, and the notion of described direction such as horizontal, vertical is benchmark with the rail.Adopt guide 5 shown in Figure 17, the part of base 1 is provided with along the vertical boss that raises up 36 of rail, and the inboard wall of boss and rail 9 rail wing outer matching surfaces constitute spigot surface, and this spigot surface upper edge is higher than rail 8 bottom surfaces.The stopper slot that rail 8 places on the guide 5, base 1 both sides spigot surface constitutes; Wherein guide 5 constitutes the described spigot surface of the utility model equally with the matching surface of base 1; Said stopper slot is provided with in that the bearing of trend of rail is open, therefore can water, need not to consider draining.In addition, between rail 8 and guide 5, also set up elastic damping pad 9, elastic damping pad 9 adopts the insulation elastic rubber material to process, and it can play certain buffer shock-absorbing effect on the one hand, can realize the effect of insulation protection on the other hand.Directly adopt the metal stamper spring as elastic supporting piece 6, elastic supporting piece 6 is arranged between guide 5 and the base 1, the corresponding positioning boss 39 that is provided for to elastic supporting piece 6 centerings location usefulness on the base 1, and the dish spring is set on the positioning boss 39.

Compare with cushion; Metal spring has that bearing capacity is strong, vertical stiffness is stable and be easy to characteristics such as design, long service life; Therefore use the elastic supporting piece of metal spring, help improving the application life and the performance of the utility model product as the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness.This routine described technical scheme shows; Elastic supporting piece 6 in the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness also can be made up of metal spring; Except that the dish spring, said metal spring also comprises helical spring, leaf spring or metal spring, as long as elasticity is fit to; Application life is enough, also can satisfy the needs of the utility model.

Embodiment 12

The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in figure 19; Be with the difference of embodiment 11,, also can between rail 8 and base 1, gauge spare 10 be set for the ease of adjustment rail spacing; The spigot surface that gauge spare 10 arranged outside and boss 36 cooperatively interact; This spigot surface is parallel to the vertical setting of rail, in order to increase the spigot surface area, also local being provided with along the vertical convexity that makes progress 56 of rail on the gauge spare 10; Convexity 56 constitutes spigot surface equally with the matching surface of boss 36, and the spigot surface total length is greater than 1/3rd of rail 8 height.

Because base 1 is provided with rail cant, the notion of described direction such as horizontal, vertical is benchmark with the rail, so comprises in the gauge spare 10 that the boss 36 and the spigot surface of base 1 contact matching all are parallel to the vertical setting of rail.When rail cant is arranged on the guide; Because the notion of described direction such as horizontal, vertical is benchmark with the base; Therefore comprise in the gauge spare 10 that the boss 36 and the spigot surface of base 1 contact matching should be parallel to the vertical setting of base, explanation hereby, accompanying drawing no longer in addition.

Embodiment 13

The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in figure 20; Be with the difference of embodiment two; The local setting on the guide 5 along the vertical boss 52 that extends downwards of rail; The inboard wall of boss 52 and the matching surface of base 1 constitute spigot surface S, and spigot surface S all is parallel to the vertical setting of rail.In addition, in order to improve anti-wear performance, also utilize the laser sintered high-abrasive material thin layer that is provided with on the spigot surface.Equally; In order to prevent that guide 5 from receiving external force upwards and doing the time spent; Displacement upwards is excessive even break away from base, and 1 sulfuration is connected with base with guide 5 respectively to utilize the upper and lower surface of elastic supporting piece 6 of elastomeric material, thereby guide 5 and base 1 are fixed together.

Similar with the operating principle of embodiment two; Guide 5 can be along relative base 1 slippage of spigot surface S; Owing to be provided with elastic supporting piece 6 between base 1 and the guide 5; Therefore can guarantee that the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness has good vertical elasticity; Again because guide 5 laterally receives the strictness constraint of base 1 at rail, thereby can guarantee that the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness having the higher vertical flexible while, has higher lateral stiffness and deflection stiffness.Through the concrete structure that adjustment guide and base cooperate, can realize spigot surface the vertical total length of rail greater than rail 8 highly 1/3rd.

Owing to rail cant still is set in this routine said technical scheme on base, the notion of therefore described direction such as horizontal, vertical is benchmark with the rail, in the practical application, also can be chosen in rail cant is set on the guide, can both realize same effect.Certainly, different according to the concrete needs in the practical application, in the reinforced rail clip of this routine described the utility model lateral stiffness rail cant can also be set.

Embodiment 14

The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in figure 21; Be that with the difference of embodiment 13 part is provided with positive stop 53 on boss 52, utilize positive stop 53 that base 1 and guide 5 are linked together; Like this; Elastic supporting piece 6 can be fixed together with base 1 and guide 5, and its selection range is wider, and the production technology of whole fastener system is also simpler.

Embodiment 15

The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in figure 22; Be with the difference of embodiment 13; In order to realize suitably regulating the purpose of lateral stiffness; Between the spigot surface of guide 5 and base 1, elastic shear deformable body 54 is set, forms elastic guide thereby make between guide 5 and the base 1.Based on the principle identical,, can realize fastener system is controlled at 1～2.5 to ratio of rigidity anyhow through the reasonable parameter design with embodiment four.Elasticity shear strain body 54 is processed by elastomeric material in this example, and its technological means and guide 5 and base 1 through sulfuration fuses.In addition, the backing plate that elastic supporting element 6 is processed for elastane, it independently is provided with.

Owing to be provided with elastic shear deformable body 54 in the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness; Only need select for use different flexible materials and size to process elastic shear deformable body 54 according to instructions for use; Just can reach and optimize the fastener system lateral stiffness; And then optimize the purpose of rail lateral stiffness, help improving the vibration and noise reducing performance of product.

Embodiment 16

The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in figure 23; Be with the difference of embodiment 15; Know-why based on embodiment five; The stiffener 55 that steel plate processes also can be set in elastic shear deformable body 54 improve lateral stiffness, stiffener 55 is parallel to the spigot surface setting, and firmly connects with the elastomeric material that constitutes elastic shear deformable body 54 on every side.Through stiffener is set, the elastomeric material that stiffener is adjacent suffers restraints in the vertical distortion of rail, and the ratio of lateral stiffness and vertical rigidity can be higher, uses the anti-beat ability of back track stronger.In addition; Through the stiffener of different-thickness or varying number is set in the elastic shear deformable body 54 of same size and material; Just can obtain to have the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness of different lateral stiffnesses, thereby satisfy the user demand of different operating modes.

Embodiment 17

In conjunction with embodiment 15 and embodiment six said correlation technique principles; The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness shown in figure 24; On guide 5, rail cant is set; The notion of described direction such as vertical, horizontal, vertical is benchmark with the base, and corresponding base is vertical, horizontal and vertical respectively.Fixedly install the connection backplate 55 that steel plate is processed in the sulfuration of elastic shear deformable body 54 both side surface; Connect backplate 55 and be parallel to the vertical setting of base, the connection backplate 55 of elastic shear deformable body 54 both sides is embedded in respectively in the locating slot that is provided with on the spigot surface of base 1 and guide 5.54 pairs of wearing and tearing of elasticity shear strain body are extremely insensitive in this technical scheme; Application life is very long; But in order to prevent that guide 5 from receiving external force upwards and doing the time spent; Displacement upwards is excessive even break away from base, still need utilize the elastic supporting piece 6 of elastomeric material to vulcanize with base 1 with guide 5 and be connected, thereby guide 5 and base 1 are fixed together.In addition; Owing to be provided with elastic shear deformable body 54 and elastic supporting element 6, can't directly transmit oscillation crosswise between guide and the base, in this case; The decay of oscillation crosswise does not rely on the elasticity of base lower bolster; Therefore the elasticity of backing plate 35 can be less, and the backing plate 35 in this example between base 1 and the sleeper 7 adopts the sisal hemp fabric to soak into the mechanical brakeman of processing behind the modified bitumen, and backing plate 35 more is the effect of playing protection sleeper 7 and preventing to produce the secondary noise; Its vertical stiffness influence for the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness is very little, is mainly used in track and heightens.

Certainly, can also in embodiment 16, in elastic shear deformable body 54, stiffener be set, to improve lateral stiffness based on this routine described know-why.

Know-why based on the foregoing description is set forth can be found out; The sharpest edges that the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness is compared existing fastener are; Whole lateral stiffness and the vertical stiffness of the utility model fastener system come by difference; Can adjust separately respectively, even perhaps lateral stiffness is relevant with vertical stiffness, the degree of correlation is also less relatively.The reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness can realize effectively reducing in the course of the work the lateral displacement of rail; Thereby horizontal slippage amplitude between the reduction wheel track; Also effectively suppressed the shimmy of rail simultaneously, transverse shakiness and vibration in the time of therefore train driving can being reduced, the comfortableness and the safety of raising train operation; Effectively solve the too fast wear problems of rail, even can alleviate or avoid the generation of ripple mill.In addition, according to different operating mode use needs such as bends, in the reinforced rail clip of the utility model lateral stiffness that the foregoing description is set forth, all can on guide or base, rail cant be set, or rail cant be set.

Claims (26)

1. reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness; Comprise base, anchor bolt, withhold spring and elastic supporting piece, base is fixed on the sleeper through anchor bolt, it is characterized in that also comprising guide; Guide is arranged between base and the rail; Be respectively equipped with the spigot surface that cooperatively interacts on guide and the base, spigot surface all is parallel to the vertical or vertical setting of base of rail, and elastic supporting piece is arranged between base and the guide.

2. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 1; It is characterized in that being provided with on the base at least two leads vertical along rail or base is vertical; Lead lays respectively at the rail both sides; Spigot surface is arranged on the side of lead around the lead center, corresponding through hole is set on the guide cooperates with lead.

3. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 1; It is characterized in that corresponding rail both sides are provided with the vertical or vertical boss that raises up of base along rail in the part at least on base; The inboard wall of boss constitutes spigot surface with rail rail wing outer matching surface or the inboard wall of boss cooperates the surface to constitute spigot surface with guide; Corresponding with the protrusion direction of boss, spigot surface is parallel to the vertical or vertical setting of base of rail.

4. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the vertical or vertical boss to lower convexity of base along rail being set the part at least at guide; The inboard wall of boss and the matching surface of base constitute spigot surface; Corresponding with the protrusion direction of boss, spigot surface is parallel to the vertical or vertical setting of base of rail.

5. according to claim 2, the reinforced rail clip of 3 or 4 described lateral stiffnesses, it is characterized in that being provided with between guide and the base positive stop that restriction upwards breaks away from.

6. according to claim 2 or the reinforced rail clip of 3 described lateral stiffnesses, it is characterized in that guide or/and the local spigot surface upper edge of base is higher than the rail wing plate.

7. according to claim 2, the reinforced rail clip of 3 or 4 described lateral stiffnesses, it is characterized in that spigot surface is vertical along rail or base is vertical maximum length is greater than 1/3 of rail height.

8. according to the reinforced rail clip of the described lateral stiffness of arbitrary claim among the claim 1-4; It is characterized in that guide or/and the spigot surface surface of base is provided with the surperficial reinforcing element that high-abrasive material constitutes, guide can be along slip relatively takes place between spigot surface and the base.

9. according to the reinforced rail clip of the described lateral stiffness of arbitrary claim among the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that guide or/and base is made up of high-abrasive material, guide can be along slip relatively takes place between spigot surface and the base.

10. according to the reinforced rail clip of the described lateral stiffness of arbitrary claim among the claim 1-4; It is characterized in that being provided with the elastic shear deformable body between the spigot surface of guide and base; The elastic shear deformable body the horizontal rigidity of rail be its at more than 2.5 times of the vertical rigidity of rail, relative motion can be through taking place between elastic shear deformable body and the base in guide.

11. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 10; It is characterized in that elastic shear deformable body surface is provided with the connection backplate; The elastic shear deformable body firmly connects with the connection backplate through the mode of sulfuration, bonding or cast cured explosive, connects between backplate and the spigot surface again through locating slot, location shoulder block, alignment pin or bolt.

12. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 10 is characterized in that the mode through sulfuration, bonding or cast cured explosive firmly connects between elastic shear deformable body and the adjacent spigot surface.

13. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 10 is characterized in that the convex-concave structure that cooperatively interacts is set between guide and the base, and the elastic shear deformable body is set in the labyrinth gap that constitutes between the convex-concave structure.

14. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 10 is characterized in that being provided with stiffener in the elastic shear deformable body, stiffener is parallel to the spigot surface setting, and firmly connects with the elastomeric material that constitutes the elastic shear deformable body on every side.

15. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 1 is characterized in that rail is set directly on the guide, and the elastic damping pad perhaps is set between rail and the guide.

16. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 15 is characterized in that between the rail wing plate outside and guide, gauge spare being set, and perhaps between the rail wing plate outside and the base gauge spare is set.

17. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 16; It is characterized in that the gauge spare arranged outside spigot surface between rail wing plate and the base; Corresponding with the spigot surface in the base, the spigot surface of gauge spare is parallel to the vertical or vertical setting of base of rail.

18., it is characterized in that withholding spring and be fixedly installed on base or the guide, and withhold on rail or gauge spare according to claim 1 or the reinforced rail clip of 15 described lateral stiffnesses.

19. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with on the guide counterweight.

20. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the guide or/and between guide and the base damping structure is set.

21. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 1 is characterized in that elastic supporting piece is a metal spring or by metal spring and the elasticity macromolecular material is compound constitutes, metal spring comprises helical spring, dish spring, leaf spring or metal spring.

22. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 1 is characterized in that elastic supporting piece is the cushion of the compression-type, shearing-type or the expansion type that are made up of the elasticity macromolecular material, the elasticity macromolecular material comprises rubber or elastic polyurethane.

23. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 1 is characterized in that along rail laterally, the unit area vertical stiffness at elastic supporting piece middle part is lower than the unit area vertical stiffness of elastic supporting piece both sides.

24. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 1 is characterized in that the spigot surface of guide is polygon continuous or that be interrupted, circle or oval along the vertical projected outline of rail.

25. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 1 is characterized in that on guide or the base rail cant being set.

26. the reinforced rail clip of lateral stiffness according to claim 1 is characterized in that base and sleeper integrated setting.

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