CN202178712U - 双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器 - Google Patents

双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器 Download PDF

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CN202178712U
CN202178712U CN201120306081XU CN201120306081U CN202178712U CN 202178712 U CN202178712 U CN 202178712U CN 201120306081X U CN201120306081X U CN 201120306081XU CN 201120306081 U CN201120306081 U CN 201120306081U CN 202178712 U CN202178712 U CN 202178712U
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黄文津
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Fu Ting Energy Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4225Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/338Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement
    • H02M3/3385Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M3/3387Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement with automatic control of output voltage or current in a push-pull configuration
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

一种双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器,包含一电源供应单元、一功因修正单元、一谐振式转换单元,及一同步整流单元,借由该功因修正单元是使用两个并联设置并同时受一主动式功因修正晶片电路控制导通及截止的电晶体,而能更有效地提高功率因数以降低虚功的消耗,同时借由该同步整流单元是使用一第一谐振桥式整流电路与一第二谐振桥式整流电路,来分别对该谐振式转换单元的一第二次侧端线圈所转换输出的正、负弦波的交流电压进行双同步的整流,而能有效提高该切换式直流电源供应器的使用效率,进而达到节能省电的效果。

Description

双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种切换式直流电源供应器,特别是涉及一种双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器。
背景技术
电源转换器是所有电子产品或设备运作所必须的动力来源,在亟需节约能源潮流的驱使下,电源转换器往往需要达到省能环保的设计。
参阅图1,为中国台湾公告第I309914号「半桥共振转换器」,包含一个一次侧绕组11,及一个二次侧绕组12,该二次侧绕组12具有一第一电子开关121、一第二电子开关122、一第一储能组件123,及一第二储能组件124。该第一电子开关121是由一MOSFET功率电晶体与一绕组结合,该第二电子开关122是由另一MOSFET功率电晶体与另一绕组结合,该第一储能组件123是由一滤波电感并联二极管与电阻串联的组合,该第二储能组件124是由另一滤波电感并联二极管与电阻串联的组合;借由上述第一电子开关121、第二电子开关122的设计能够达到同步整流的目的,同时利用该第一储能组件123、第二储能组件124可避免第一电子开关121、第二电子开关122因逆向偏压所造成的能量损耗。
不过,由于该半桥共振转换器往往会因为输出讯号的功率损耗或负载的电感性、电容性等影响,使输出讯号的电压与电流的相位差过大,而造成功率因数下降的问题,因此,如何能够提高功率因数便成为相关业者亟欲努力的目标。
发明内容
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种可提高功率因数及使用效率的双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器。
本实用新型双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器,包含一个电源供应单元、一个功因修正单元、一个谐振式转换单元,及一个同步整流单元。
该电源供应单元包括一个能够源引一交流电源的电源供应电路,及一个电连接该电源供应电路且可将该交流电源整流滤波成一直流电压输出的整流滤波电路。
该功因修正单元包括一个电连接该整流滤波电路的升压电路、一个电连接该升压电路的主动式功因修正晶片电路,及两个并联且电连接该主动式功因修正晶片电路的电晶体控制电路。
该谐振式转换单元包括一个电连接该升压电路的功率开关电路、一个电连接该功率开关电路而能交互切换该功率开关电路导通的谐振晶片电路,以及一个电连接该功率开关电路的电压转换电路,该电压转换电路具有一个与该功率开关电路电连接的第一次侧端线圈,以及一个耦接该第一次侧端线圈的第二次侧端线圈。
该同步整流单元包括分别电连接该谐振式转换单元的第二次侧端线圈两端的一个第一谐振桥式整流电路与一个第二谐振桥式整流电路,及一个电连接该第一谐振桥式整流电路、第二谐振桥式整流电路的供电电压输出电路。
本实用新型的目的及解决其技术问题还可采用以下技术措施进一步实现。
较佳地,前述的双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器,还包含一个电连接该供电电压输出电路的异常电压电流侦测单元,该异常电压电流侦测单元包括一个定电压定电流放大电路、一个电连接该定电压定电流放大电路的输出电压调整电路、分别与该定电压定电流放大电路电连接的一个第一光耦合器及一个第二光耦合器,该谐振式转换单元的谐振晶片电路具有一个能与该第一光耦合器进行光耦合的第一耦接器,该功因修正单元的主动式功因修正晶片电路具有一个能与该第二光耦合器进行光耦合的第二耦接器。
较佳地,前述的双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器,其中该电源供应单元还包括一个电连接在该电源供应电路与该整流滤波电路间的抗扰电路。
本实用新型的有益效果在于:借由该功因修正单元是使用两个并联设置并同时受主动式功因修正晶片电路控制导通及截止的电晶体,而能更有效地提高功率因数以降低虚功的消耗,同时借由该同步整流单元是使用该第一谐振桥式整流电路与该第二谐振桥式整流电路,来分别对该谐振式转换单元的第二次端侧线圈所转换输出之正、负半周的交流电压进行双同步的整流,而能有效提高该切换式直流电源供应器的使用效率,进而达到节能省电的效果。
附图说明
图1是一电路图,说明中国台湾公告第I309914号「半桥共振转换器」发明专利案的电路结构;
图2是一功能方块图,说明本实用新型双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器的较佳实施例的整体架构;
图3是一电路图,说明该较佳实施例的电源供应单元;
图4是一电路图,说明该较佳实施例的功因修正单元;
图5是一电路图,说明该较佳实施例的谐振式转换单元;
图6是一电路图,说明该较佳实施例的同步整流单元;
图7是一电路图,说明该较佳实施例的异常电压电流侦测单元。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本实用新型进行详细说明。
参阅图2,本实用新型双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器的较佳实施例,包含一电源供应单元2、一功因修正单元3、一谐振式转换单元4、一同步整流单元5,及一异常电压电流侦测单元6。
参阅图2、3,该电源供应单元2包括一可源引一交流电源Vac的电源供应电路21、一电连接该电源供应电路21且可将该交流电源Vac整流滤波成一直流电压Va输出的整流滤波电路23,及一电连接在该电源供应电路21与该整流滤波电路23间的抗扰电路22,该抗扰电路22为EMC(Electromagnetic Compatibility)电路,借以防止电磁干扰、辐射干扰或导线传导干扰而影响到电路的性能。
参阅图2、3、4,该功因修正单元3包括一电连接该整流滤波电路23的升压电路31、一电连接该升压电路31的主动式功因修正晶片电路32,及两个并联且电连接该主动式功因修正晶片电路32的电晶体控制电路33、34,该主动式功因修正晶片电路32可同时触发导通及截止该两电晶体控制电路33、34。
参阅图2、4、5,该谐振式转换单元4包括一电连接该升压电路31的功率开关电路41、一电连接该功率开关电路41而能交互切换该功率开关电路41导通的谐振晶片电路42,以及一电连接该功率开关电路41的电压转换电路43,该电压转换电路43具有一与该功率开关电路41电连接的第一次侧端线圈T1,以及一耦接该第一次侧端线圈T 1的第二次侧端线圈T2,该第二次侧端线圈T2是采用中间抽头整流方式电连接后端的同步整流单元5(显示于图6)。
参阅图2、5、6,该同步整流单元5包括分别电连接于该第二次侧端线圈T2两端的一第一谐振桥式整流电路51与一第二谐振桥式整流电路52,及一电连接该第一谐振桥式整流电路51、第二谐振桥式整流电路52的供电电压输出电路53。
参阅图2、6、7,该异常电压电流侦测单元6是与该供电电压输出电路53电连接,其包括一定电压定电流放大电路61、一电连接该定电压定电流放大电路61的输出电压调整电路62、与该定电压定电流放大电路61电连接的一第一光耦合器63及一第二光耦合器64;配合参阅图5,该谐振式转换单元4的谐振晶片电路42是电连接一能与该第一光耦合器63进行光耦合的第一耦接器PH1;配合参阅图4,该功因修正单元3的主动式功因修正晶片电路32是电连接一能与该第二光耦合器64进行光耦合的第二耦接器PH2。
请参阅图2、3、4,本实施例的切换式直流电源供应器于运作时,是借由该电源供应单元2的电源供应电路21将一般市电(70V~264V)的交流电源Vac源引进来,通过该抗扰电路22作防止电磁或幅射干扰后再经由该整流滤波电路23进行整流滤波而输出一直流电压Va,接着,该直流电压Va经该功因修正单元3的电阻R3、R4、R5、R6分压后输入该主动式功因修正晶片电路32的一功率因数(PFC)IC1,同时该直流电压Va另外经一个二极管D1再经电阻R8、R9、R10、R11、R12分压后,另输出一回授电压Vf而同样回授输入该PFC IC1,可使当远程负载改变时,经由该升压电路31所输出的高直流电压Vb仍能保持在固定的准位;再者,该二并联设置的晶体管控制电路33、34的源极端电压Vs是经由电阻R18回授输入该PFC IC1,使该PFC IC1就以该直流电压Va、该回授电压Vf的回授信号与该源极端电压Vs的回授信号来作比较并控制触发导通或截止该二并联设置的电晶体控制电路33、34中的MOSFET电晶体Q1、Q5的时间,借此达到将直流电压Va的电流波形整形以追上其电压相位的目的,以将其电压与电流的相位差缩小而相对修正提高其功率因数。
本实施例的功率因数的均值可维持于90%以上;另外,由于本实施例是使用两个并联设置并同时受该主动式功因修正晶片电路32的PFC IC1控制导通及截止的电晶体Q1、Q5,搭配该升压电路31的电感器L3的作用,因此当该二电晶体Q1、Q5同时导通时,能大幅增加流经该电感器L3的电流,相对地,当该二电晶体Q1、Q5截止时,便能大幅缩短经由该电感器L3所放电升压输出的高直流电压Vb(大约是380V~400V)的时间。
参阅图2、4、5,该谐振式转换单元4主要是要将该功因修正单元3所输出的高直流电压Vb转换到负载所需的电压,其主要是利用该谐振晶片电路42的一LLC IC2与该功率开关电路41的MOSFET功率电晶体Q3、Q4的寄生电容C17产生共振,而振荡产生两个各50%工作周期且能交互触发切换导通该二功率电晶体Q3、Q4的谐振频率讯号,且该LLC IC2能使该二功率电晶体Q3、Q4在零电压切换损失的状态下,可视负载的轻重而改变触发导通该二功率电晶体Q3、Q4的讯号切换频率,借以将该功因修正单元3所输出的高直流电压Vb转换成一弦波的电压输出至该电压转换电路43的第一次侧端线圈T1,并与第二次侧端线圈T2耦合变压后,转换成一具有正、负弦波的交流电压输出。当负载属于轻载时,触发导通该二功率电晶体Q3、Q4的讯号切换频率是高于谐振频率,以使增益降低,当负载处于重载时,触发导通该二功率电晶体Q3、Q4的讯号切换频率是低于谐振频率,以使增益提高,而在一般状况的负载时,是将触发导通该二功率电晶体Q3、Q4的讯号切换频率操作于谐振频率附近,以维持适当增益。
参阅图2、5、6,该谐振式转换单元4所转换输出的正、负弦波的交流电压,借由该同步整流单元5将其中的正弦波及负弦波的部分分别经过该第一谐振桥式整流电路51与第二谐振桥式整流电路52,利用其中的同步整流IC4、IC5能够同时将该具有正、负弦波的交流电压进行双同步地整流及滤波成一直流电压,再经该供电电压输出电路53的稳压后,就能转换成一最终输出的稳定直流电源Vdc,而能有效提高本实施例的切换式直流电源供应器的使用效率。
参阅图2、6、7,利用该异常电压电流侦测单元6的定电压定电流放大电路61,能够使该供电电压输出电路53所输出的直流电源Vdc稳定地供应给负载,同时,借由该输出电压调整电路62的可变电阻VR1的适当调整,能够设定该供电电压输出电路53所欲输出的直流电源Vdc的电压;再者,利用该定电压定电流放大电路61的微阻值金属电阻RS1,能够精密地侦测该供电电压输出电路53所输出的直流电源Vdc端的负载变化,并适时回授给该定电压定电流放大电路61,若侦测到直流电源Vdc端的负载有异常电压时,该定电压定电流放大电路61就会驱动该第一光耦合器63动作,而与电连接于该谐振式转换单元4的谐振晶片电路42上的第一耦接器PH1进行光耦合,而关闭该谐振晶片电路42;若该微阻值金属电阻RS1侦测到直流电源Vdc端的负载有异常电流时,该定电压定电流放大电路61就会驱动该第二光耦合器64动作,而与电连接于该功因修正单元3的主动式功因修正晶片电路32上的第二耦接器PH2进行光耦合,而关闭该主动式功因修正晶片电路32,以达到对本实施例的切换式直流电源供应器的保护作用。
本实用新型双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器,借由该功因修正单元3是使用两个并联设置并同时受主动式功因修正晶片电路32控制导通及截止的电晶体Q1、Q5,而能更有效地提高功率因数以降低虚功的消耗,同时借由该同步整流单元5是使用该第一谐振桥式整流电路51与第二谐振桥式整流电路52,来分别对该谐振式转换单元4的第二次侧端线圈T2所转换输出的正、负弦波的交流电压进行双同步的整流及滤波,而能有效提高该切换式直流电源供应器的使用效率,进而达到节能省电的效果。

Claims (3)

1.一种双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器,包含:
一个电源供应单元,包括一个能够源引一交流电源的电源供应电路,及一个电连接该电源供应电路且可将该交流电源整流滤波成一直流电压输出的整流滤波电路;
一个功因修正单元,包括一个电连接该整流滤波电路的升压电路,及一个电连接该升压电路的主动式功因修正晶片电路;
一个谐振式转换单元,包括一个电连接该升压电路的功率开关电路、一个电连接该功率开关电路而能交互切换该功率开关电路导通的谐振晶片电路,以及一个电连接该功率开关电路的电压转换电路,该电压转换电路具有一个与该功率开关电路电连接的第一次侧端线圈,以及一个耦接该第一次侧端线圈的第二次侧端线圈;
一个同步整流单元;
其特征在于:该功因修正单元还包括两个并联且电连接该主动式功因修正晶片电路的电晶体控制电路,而该同步整流单元包括分别电连接该谐振式转换单元的第二次侧端线圈两端的一个第一谐振桥式整流电路与一个第二谐振桥式整流电路,及一个电连接该第一谐振桥式整流电路、第二谐振桥式整流电路的供电电压输出电路。
2.根据权利要求1所述双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器,其特征在于:该双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器还包含一个电连接该供电电压输出电路的异常电压电流侦测单元,该异常电压电流侦测单元包括一个定电压定电流放大电路、一个电连接该定电压定电流放大电路的输出电压调整电路、分别与该定电压定电流放大电路电连接的一个第一光耦合器及一个第二光耦合器,该谐振式转换单元的谐振晶片电路具有一个能与该第一光耦合器进行光耦合的第一耦接器,该功因修正单元的主动式功因修正晶片电路具有一个能与该第二光耦合器进行光耦合的第二耦接器。
3.根据权利要求2所述双同步谐振切换式直流电源供应器,其特征在于:该电源供应单元还包括一个电连接在该电源供应电路与该整流滤波电路间的抗扰电路。
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