CN201473935U - Diversion tunnel stone-pit structure - Google Patents
Diversion tunnel stone-pit structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN201473935U CN201473935U CN2009201927052U CN200920192705U CN201473935U CN 201473935 U CN201473935 U CN 201473935U CN 2009201927052 U CN2009201927052 U CN 2009201927052U CN 200920192705 U CN200920192705 U CN 200920192705U CN 201473935 U CN201473935 U CN 201473935U
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- stone pit
- collection
- stone
- pit
- diversion tunnel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a diversion tunnel stone-pit structure. The utility model aims to provide a diversion tunnel stone-pit structure which has the advantages of simple structure and reasonable design, to inhibit the water current in the stone pit from whirling, improve the water current conditions, reduce the head loss, enhance the stone collection stability, facilitate the excavation and the concrete pouring in the stone pit construction period and realize the mechanized communication and the slag transportation during stone pit overhaul in the running period. The utility model has the technical scheme that the diversion tunnel stone-pit structure is provided with a group of stone pit chambers which are arranged on the bottom of the diversion tunnel in the water flow direction, wherein the stone pit chambers are separated by partition walls; and the top of each stone pit chamber is provided with a group of crossbeams. The utility model is characterized in that the diversion tunnel stone-pit structure has 4 to 6 stone pit chambers, the clear distance between every two the crossbeams on the upper part of each of the 3 to 4 stone pit chambers on the upper reach is 30 to 40 cm, and the clear distance between every two crossbeams on the upper part of each of the rest 1 to 2 stone pit chambers on the lower reach is 70 to 80 cm. The utility model is mainly used for diversion tunnels in hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of diversion tunnel collection stone pit structure, mainly is applicable in the diversion tunnel in the various Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineerings.
Background technology
To the long diversion tunnel in the Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, under the situation of geological conditions permission, often adopt not lining cutting or spray anchor as the permanent support form, have the quickening construction speed, reduce advantages such as construction investment.But, in long-time running, be subjected to the influence of internal water pressure and current scour, tunnel occurs that the base plate scour destroys, rock becomes flexible phenomenons such as piece, concrete spray coating peel off around the hole, start or the rock ballast that drops all can be deposited on the tunnel base plate, wherein current will increase local resistance towards motionless than ratchel, and by the stone that current are got excited, and then flow downstream and descend, enter in the hydraulic turbine, harm causes the accident.To western high concentration of sediment river course, though be provided with sand protection facilities in tunnel import department, a spot of medium and small gravel still might enter in the hole, flows to downstream into the hydraulic turbine and causes equipment damage.For avoiding accident harm, be everlasting diversion tunnel end and middle appropriate location are provided with the collection stone pit, and the interception rock ballast according to the irregular emptying tunnel of collection stone situation, overhauls and clears up then.Collection stone pit design mainly comprises position selection, form of structure, collection stone volume, scarfing cinder mode and traffic aisle and the forecast of collection stone etc., and total requirement is that collection stone is effective, local head loss is little, collection stone is stable and cleaning conveniently etc.Collection stone pit operated by rotary motion is advanced people's passage the most nearby in the permanent maintenance of distance diversion tunnel, so that the maintenance cleaning; Line last collection stone pit in full hole should be located at the end of last not lining cutting or pneumatically placed concrete lining cutting hole section.Engineering scraped out the rectangular set stone pit in the diversion tunnel base channel usually in the past, and interception is flowed and next rock ballast downstream.Early stage collection stone pit top is arranged to open type, but the operation practice shows that streamflow regime is not good, collection stone weak effect; Later stage improves after deliberation, sets up the crossbeam of certain altitude on collection stone pit top, and restriction current revolving in the collection stone pit rolled, and improves flow condition and collection stone stablizing effect.
Present domestic collection stone pit volume design is usually by every 1000m
2The lined tunnel surface area is not got 1.0m
3And multiply by certain safety factor consideration, and generally be divided into multicell, the hole is provided with concrete partition between the chamber.Collection stone pit one side (or both sides) is provided with the traffic sidewalk, so that staff and scarfing cinder vehicle arrangement are current.The scarfing cinder of collection stone pit considers that generally mechanical chipping is main, and the labor cleaning is auxilliary, but from numerous engineerings of having built, because project scale is little, tunnel section is less, adopts the certain difficulty of mechanical chipping existence, therefore many employing labor cleanings.
Built or in the engineering of building from present majority, also there is following some shortcomings part in the design of collection stone pit:
1, collection stone pit form of structure is similar substantially, is rectangle hole formula at the bottom of the hole, and per 5～7m is made as a Room, separates fully by concrete partition, lays drain hole on the partition wall.Concrete or steel work crossbeam are set up in collection stone pit top, but to the design of crossbeam spacing, exist than big-difference between each engineering.For each not lining cutting of engineering diversion tunnel, flow velocity generally all is controlled between 2.0m～3.0m, by the computational analysis of stone initial velocity, can should be more or less the same by the stone particle diameter that current drive, so the design of crossbeam spacing also should be similar.To building or in these engineerings of building, because factor such as project scale is less lacks hydraulic model test to support, the crossbeam spacing design that differs greatly certainly exists relative irrationality, no matter is collection stone effect, or all there is adverse effect in flow condition.
2, there is the contradiction of guaranteeing between collecting the stone effect passes through with tunnel maintenance traffic in collection stone pit design.In order to guarantee that tunnel does not interrupt tunnel maintenance traffic because of the collection stone pit is set, generally be the passage of reserving certain width in collection stone pit one side (or both sides), width then requires to decide according to the traffic of personnel or vehicle arrangement.Owing to be provided with traffic aisle, make the collection stone pit to arrange along whole tunnel bottom width, thereby can not tackle whole rock ballasts of upstream fully, and the part rock ballast probably enters the hydraulic turbine by the traffic aisle of reserving and causes security incident, usually have to significantly dwindle the traffic width this moment, reduce the traffic Capability Requirement, guarantee to collect the stone effect, therefore cause very inconvenience of long tunnel maintenance traffic.When scarfing cinder,, no matter be mechanical chipping or labor cleaning in addition, all must clear up that waste time and energy, it is very inconvenient to clear up in actual mechanical process to the vertical a dead lift that each indoor rock ballast carries out from top to down for rectangle hole formula collection stone pit.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is: the problem at above-mentioned existence provides a kind of diversion tunnel collection stone pit structure simple in structure, reasonable in design, revolve with current in effective inhibition collection stone pit and to roll, improve flow condition, reduce head loss, improve collection stone stability, can realize simultaneously excavation and the concrete pouring construction of convenient collection stone pit construction period, the mechanization traffic of runtime collection stone pit maintenance and scarfing cinder transportation.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopted is: diversion tunnel collection stone pit structure, has one group of collection stone pit chamber that is arranged in the diversion tunnel bottom along water (flow) direction, each collects between the stone pit chamber and separates by partition wall, and collection top, stone pit chamber is provided with one group of crossbeam, it is characterized in that: total 4-6 of described collection stone pit chamber, wherein Upstream section 3-4 clear spacing that collects between each crossbeam of top, stone pit chamber is 30-40cm, and the clear spacing between remaining last 1-2 each crossbeam of collection top, stone pit chamber of tract is 70-80cm.
The staff is current for convenience, and at least one side is provided with the walkway at collection top, stone pit chamber.
The oblique fuel dam of leading of Parallel to the flow direction is set on the described walkway, and it is indoor all to fall into the collection stone pit with the rock ballast that guarantees tunnel floor.
Tunnel turn(a)round mechanization scarfing cinder equipment is current for convenience, the slope that collection stone pit chamber, upstream upstream side is provided with Parallel to the flow direction and fuses with it, respectively collect simultaneously on the partition wall between the stone pit chamber and all offer the Yishanmen hole, adjacent two aperture of doors are staggeredly arranged, when guaranteeing respectively to collect the collection stone rate of stone pit chamber, make things convenient for staff and scarfing cinder equipment to enter the indoor enforcement operation of collection stone pit.
Described crossbeam is a cuboid, and its both ends of the surface are fixed in collection top, stone pit chamber, remaining four faces then with horizontal plane in angle of 45 degrees, not only reduced the impact force of upland water, and can effectively guarantee to enter the stable of the indoor stone of collection stone pit crossbeam.
Collect stone observation case indoor being arranged side by side two of downstream collection stone pit, the indoor collection stone amount of collection stone pit is monitored.
When the collection stone pit is positioned at construction hole upstream side, in the sidewall rock mass of collection stone pit hole section, offer a bypass hole, its two ends respectively with diversion tunnel collection stone pit hole section upstream and downstream UNICOM, and the pushing off the slag facility is set, to satisfy the current requirement of Vehicle By-pass collection stone pit at place, the hole, upstream in bypass hole.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the oblique 45 ° of crossbeam spacings of 3～4 of Upstream sections hole top, chamber Parallel to the flow direction that the utility model will collect stone pit are turned down and are 30-40cm, make it densely distributed, simultaneously last 1～2 oblique 45 ° of crossbeam spacing of hole top, chamber Parallel to the flow direction of tract remainder are transferred greatly 70-80cm, stone to different-grain diameter is tackled respectively, not only effectively having suppressed revolving of underground water stream rolls, has improved flow condition, reduced head loss, also effectively control simultaneously the starting once more of deposition rock ballast in the collection stone pit, improved collection stone stability.Collection stone pit upstream is provided with traffic and holds concurrently collection stone ramp for realizing that the convenient construction phase excavates, builds and the mechanical scarfing cinder of operating maintenance phase provides traffic easily, not only can realize the complete mechanical scarfing cinder, reduced the scarfing cinder difficulty, improve operating efficiency, and the volume of ramp itself also will become the part of collection stone pit volume, improved the collection stone scale of construction, realized the purpose that use more on a slope, what also feasible simultaneously collection stone pit can be tried one's best arranges along whole tunnel bottom width, guarantees the interception fully that slag is come in the upstream.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to sectional drawing.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, present embodiment is arranged four collection stone pit chambers 2 in diversion tunnel 1 bottom along water (flow) direction, and each collects between the stone pit chamber 2 and separates by partition wall 3, and whole collection stone pit volume calculations adopts domestic general design method, promptly every 1000m
2Lined tunnel (containing spray anchor hole section) surface area is not provided with 1.0m
3Volume is considered the amplification coefficient of certain safety allowance again.Collection stone pit general structure still is chamber, rectangle hole, and arranges along diversion tunnel 1 whole bottom width as far as possible.Each collection 2 top, stone pit chamber is provided with crossbeam 4, to strengthen collection stone effect and to improve flow condition.In this example, crossbeam 4 is a cuboid, and its both ends of the surface are fixed in collection 2 tops, stone pit chamber, remaining four faces then with horizontal plane in angle of 45 degrees, not only reduced the impact force of upland water, and can effectively guarantee to enter the stable of stones in the collection stone pit chamber 2 crossbeam 4.Generally, the less stone of particle diameter at first starts under flow action and defeated downstream moving easily in the diversion tunnel 1, thereby most of stone pit chamber 2 that collects, the upstream of collection stone pit is also at first full by small particle diameter rock ballast collection; To the bigger stone of particle diameter in the diversion tunnel 1, because factors such as its shape facility, under the continuous effect of current, also may start and slowly shift to the downstream, but the time that arrives the collection stone pit far lags behind the small particle diameter stone, and the collection stone pit chamber 2 that therefore collects the downstream of stone pit should finally be collected full by big particle diameter stone.According to above analysis and in conjunction with the collection stone pit model testing of correlation engineering, in this example, three spacings that collect between each crossbeam 4 of 2 tops, stone pit chamber of collection stone pit middle and upper reaches section are turned down, be provided with by 30～40cm clear spacing, the tiny rock ballast that flow velocity can start earlier in the assurance diversion tunnel 1 gets final product in dropping and cheating.Because dwindling of crossbeam spacing not only makes hydraulics improve, also corresponding being improved of rock ballast stability of deposition in cheating simultaneously.To a collection stone pit chamber 2 of tract in the collection stone pit, the clear spacing between each crossbeam 4 of its top then is provided with by 70～80cm, and the possible big particle diameter stone of guaranteeing to lag behind can drop in the hole, downstream, gives full play to collection stone effect.
Consider that diversion tunnel 1 need regularly overhaul, in collection stone pit one side walkway 9 is set, but all fall in the collection stone pit chamber 2 for the rock ballast that guarantees diversion tunnel 1 bottom simultaneously, the oblique concrete that Parallel to the flow direction is set on walkway 9 is led fuel dam 5, and the bank height is not advisable so that fluidised form is not produced big influence.
For adapting to modern construction of hydropower plant and operational management requirement, the collection stone pit answers emphasis to consider to avoid manpower transport's scarfing cinder, and adopts the mechanization scarfing cinder, and arranges with rational traffic structure for the operation of scarfing cinder vehicle provides suitable.Than requirement slow slope 6 is set by the vehicular traffic slope at collection stone pit upstream side, directly be communicated with between the collection stone pit chamber 2 of upstream side and the slope 6 and form an integral body, can enter the traffic problems that collect stone pit by fine solution scarfing cinder vehicle, personnel and scarfing cinder, the vehicle of slagging tap all can enter in the collection stone pit by slope 6 from tunnel floor easily implements the scarfing cinder operation, for realizing convenient construction phase excavation, build and the mechanical scarfing cinder of operating maintenance phase provides traffic easily, in addition, slope 6 volumes own also will become the part of collection stone pit volume, improved the collection stone scale of construction, realized the purpose that use more on a slope, what also feasible simultaneously collection stone pit can be tried one's best arranges along whole tunnel bottom width, guarantees the interception fully that slag is come in the upstream.Clear height in the collection stone pit chamber 2 should satisfy the mechanized operation space requirement of small-sized scarfing cinder equipment, generally be not less than 2.0m, respectively collect on the stone pit chamber concrete partition 3 simultaneously and all offer Yishanmen hole 10, in order to guarantee respectively to collect the collection stone rate of stone pit chamber 2 to greatest extent, adjacent two aperture of doors 10 front and back are staggeredly arranged, vehicle arrangement and personnel can collect 2 of stone pit chambers and have free passage by aperture of door 10 at each, for realizing that mechanical scarfing cinder provides traffic easily, not only can realize complete mechanicalization, and reduce the scarfing cinder difficulty, improved service work efficient.
The collection stone pit should be arranged in construction downstream, intersection, a hole tunnel section as far as possible under the situation of condition permission, plant equipment can directly enter in the collection stone pit chamber 2 by collection stone pit upstream side slope 6 after the permanent maintenance in the block section, hole enters aperture of door to enter diversion tunnel, and can be by the through downstream of the stone pits abutment wall that collects of the aperture of door offered on each partition wall 3 10.If the collection stone pit must be arranged in a construction upstream, hole and maybe need pass through when collecting stone pit to diversion tunnel 1 downstream, then in the sidewall rock mass of collection stone pit hole section, arrange the bypass hole 8 of detouring, its section satisfies current requirement of vehicle arrangement and gets final product, and at place, hole, 8 upstream, bypass hole the pushing off the slag facility is set.
In this example, being arranged side by side two in collection stone pit chamber, downstream 2 collects stone observation case 7, to do standby and the usefulness of checking mutually.Collection stone observation case 7 adopts the structural configuration pattern of double-layer stainless steel panel material, is divided into inside and outside case, and interior case is as collection stone observation usefulness, and outer container has the interference-free function of case in the protection.The interior case of each observation case has the reinforcing bar of reinforcing bar meter to be lifted on the crossbeam 4 on collection stone pit top by four root beads.When collection in the case has rock ballast, the deadweight that rock ballast produces in collection stone observation case passes to four reinforcing bar meters of suspention observation case, make the reinforcing bar meter produce tensile stress, by collecting the shown tensile stress sensing data of reinforcing bar meter value, whether operational management personnel in power station just can in time dynamically collect full analysis and judgement to the observation case.Collect stone observation box structure applicant and propose utility application on July 2nd, 2009 to State Intellectual Property Office, application number is 200920123520.6.Collection stone observation case 7 adopts a kind of simple and direct stress measurement mode in this example, problems such as the illumination of other complicated metering systems or durability have been solved, and can be by diversion tunnel 1 dress of the scene before water-filling stone test carrying out first reinforcing bar meter tensile stress parameter calibration, not only increased the reliability of collection stone observation data, also improved simultaneously the accuracy of observation data, perfect to a certain extent collection stone forecast system.In case the collection stone amount in the collection stone pit of confirming is about to reach the full degree of collection, will planned shutdown and emptying diversion tunnel 1 check and scarfing cinder.For guaranteeing to collect the sensitivity and the accuracy of stone observation case 7, after installing, the scene can carry out simulated test, the dependent observation parameter is carried out calibration, for later stage actual motion observation provides foundation.
Claims (10)
1. diversion tunnel collection stone pit structure, has one group of collection stone pit chamber (2) that is arranged in diversion tunnel (1) bottom along water (flow) direction, each collects between the stone pit chamber (2) and separates by partition wall (3), and collection top, stone pit chamber (2) is provided with one group of crossbeam (4), it is characterized in that: total 4-6 of described collection stone pit chamber (2), wherein the clear spacing between Upstream section 3-4 collection each crossbeam of top, stone pit chamber (4) is 30-40cm, and the clear spacing between remaining last 1-2 collection each crossbeam of top, stone pit chamber of tract (4) is 70-80cm.
2. diversion tunnel collection stone pit structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at least one side in described collection stone pit chamber (2) is provided with walkway (9).
3. diversion tunnel collection stone pit structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the oblique fuel dam (5) of leading that Parallel to the flow direction is set on described walkway (9).
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described diversion tunnel collection stone pit structures, it is characterized in that: the slope (6) that collection stone pit chamber, upstream (2) upstream side is provided with Parallel to the flow direction and fuses with it, respectively collect simultaneously on the partition wall (3) between the stone pit chamber (2) and all offer Yishanmen hole (10), adjacent two aperture of doors (10) are staggeredly arranged.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described diversion tunnel collection stone pit structures, it is characterized in that: described crossbeam (4) is a cuboid, and its both ends of the surface are fixed in collection top, stone pit chamber (2), remaining four faces then with horizontal plane in angle of 45 degrees.
6. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described diversion tunnel collection stone pit structures, it is characterized in that: being arranged side by side two in collection stone pit chamber, downstream (2) collects stone observation case (7).
7. diversion tunnel collection stone pit structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: being arranged side by side two in collection stone pit chamber, downstream (2) collects stone observation case (7).
8. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described diversion tunnel collection stone pit structures, it is characterized in that: in the sidewall rock mass of collection stone pit hole section, offer a bypass hole (8), its two ends respectively with diversion tunnel collection stone pit hole section upstream and downstream UNICOM, and the pushing off the slag facility is set at place, the hole, upstream of bypass hole (8).
9. diversion tunnel collection stone pit structure according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: in the sidewall rock mass of collection stone pit hole section, offer a bypass hole (8), its two ends respectively with diversion tunnel collection stone pit hole section upstream and downstream UNICOM, and the pushing off the slag facility is set at place, the hole, upstream of bypass hole (8).
10. diversion tunnel collection stone pit structure according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in the sidewall rock mass of collection stone pit hole section, offer a bypass hole (8), its two ends respectively with diversion tunnel collection stone pit hole section upstream and downstream UNICOM, and the pushing off the slag facility is set at place, the hole, upstream of bypass hole (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009201927052U CN201473935U (en) | 2009-08-19 | 2009-08-19 | Diversion tunnel stone-pit structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009201927052U CN201473935U (en) | 2009-08-19 | 2009-08-19 | Diversion tunnel stone-pit structure |
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| CN201473935U true CN201473935U (en) | 2010-05-19 |
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| CN2009201927052U Expired - Fee Related CN201473935U (en) | 2009-08-19 | 2009-08-19 | Diversion tunnel stone-pit structure |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102304912A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2012-01-04 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Sink-type top inflow sand flushing gallery structure |
| CN104912042A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-16 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Long water diversion tunnel stone collecting pit structure |
| CN105178266A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-12-23 | 中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Method for preventing stone in tunnel from entering water turbine in high-burial-depth, high-ground-temperature and high-ground-stress rockburst area |
-
2009
- 2009-08-19 CN CN2009201927052U patent/CN201473935U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102304912A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2012-01-04 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Sink-type top inflow sand flushing gallery structure |
| CN104912042A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-16 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Long water diversion tunnel stone collecting pit structure |
| CN105178266A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-12-23 | 中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Method for preventing stone in tunnel from entering water turbine in high-burial-depth, high-ground-temperature and high-ground-stress rockburst area |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100519 Termination date: 20180819 |