CN1998019B - 用于安全地授权和分发储值卡数据的系统和方法 - Google Patents

用于安全地授权和分发储值卡数据的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN1998019B
CN1998019B CN200480025556.0A CN200480025556A CN1998019B CN 1998019 B CN1998019 B CN 1998019B CN 200480025556 A CN200480025556 A CN 200480025556A CN 1998019 B CN1998019 B CN 1998019B
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菲利普·克雷格·格拉夫
梅里尔·布鲁克斯·史密斯
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Abstract

提供了一种计算机化的系统和方法，用于通过通信网络安全地授权和分发储值卡数据。所述方法允许在数据库中存储包括针对每个储值卡的储值卡数据的多条记录以及用于识别储值卡激活请求的多个信任源和/或用于传输储值卡激活请求的多个信任通信网络的信息。传输步骤允许请求终端通过通信网络传输改变储值卡状态的请求。然后，中央处理器确定所述请求终端和/或所述通信网络是否是信任源。可以根据所述请求终端或通信网络是否是信任源或信任通信网络，来处理所述请求，并激活所述卡。还提供了一种用于建立信任源和信任通信网络的列表的方法。

Description

用于安全地授权和分发储值卡数据的系统和方法
相关申请
本申请要求2003年4月11日递交的美国申请No.10/411,971的优先权，美国申请No.10/411,971要求了2000年8月18日递交的美国申请No.09/641,363的优先权，美国申请No.09/641,363要求了1999年8月19日递交的美国临时申请No.60/149,740的优先权，将所有这些文档一并在此作为参考。本申请与2002年9月24日递交的美国申请No.10/253,243和2002年9月24日递交的国际申请No.PCT/US02/30281有关，这两个申请要求了2002年7月15日递交的美国临时申请No.60/396,404和2001年9月24日递交的美国临时申请No.60/324,333的优先权，将所有这些文档一并在此作为参考。
技术领域
本发明大体上涉及远程数据授权和分发。更具体地，本发明涉及一种系统和方法，用于通过通信网络、在多个用户与中央处理器之间安全地授权和分发储值卡数据。
背景技术
可以通过通信网络来授权和分发储值卡。通信网络的示例包括专用电话线、公用电话链路和因特网或其他联网通信。储值卡的数据与由卡的所有者或终端用户预付费的服务和/或产品有关。适用于储值卡数据的预付费服务的示例包括长途电话通信、无线通信、寻呼和因特网启用通信服务，包括无线网络接入。适用于储值卡数据的预付费服务和/或产品的其他示例包括礼品卡、预付费汽油/燃气卡、预付费零售卡、预付费娱乐卡、可下载铃音卡、可下载游戏卡、可下载音乐卡(使用MP3、MP4、WMV、WAV或其他音乐格式)、任何其他可下载软件卡、顾客回报卡、和针对可以由卡的所有者预付费的产品、服务或这二者的其他类型储值卡。
如预付费长途电话卡等储值卡通常用在电话产业中，以允许顾客预购长途呼叫时间。每张卡具有印制的标识号。可以将关联的标识信息磁性地存储在其中，或者印制在条码中。标识号也存储在由卡发行商维护的数据库中的文件内。在传统商业模型中，当卡被送往即将出售这些卡的零售场所时，激活数据库中的对应记录，从而允许顾客立即使用这些卡。为了使用作为预付费长途卡的卡，顾客拨打免费号码以接入卡发行商的系统，输入标识号，然后进行所需的长途呼叫。
这些现有技术的预付费电话卡系统具有一些缺点。例如，由于这些卡在零售场所的货架上时是有效的，卡可能被盗并轻易可以使用。用于解决现有技术的预付费电话卡系统的一些缺点的一种方法是安装预付卡发行商所特有的激活终端。这被称为“封闭系统”。授予Stimson等人的美国专利No.5,577,109公开了这种封闭系统。在Stimson的系统中，卡并未被预先激活。出售这些卡的每个零售场所均具有专用激活终端，允许零售商在出售时设置卡的价值。激活终端与卡发行商的系统相连，传递价值量，并请求激活所述卡。可以按照与其售出相同的方式对空卡重新充值。Stimson系统的严重缺点在于其需要在每个零售场所安装功能单一的专用硬件，从而导致非常不灵活和昂贵的系统。
Dorf的美国专利No.6,000,608提供了一种多功能卡系统，包括预付费电话卡激活系统，允许以可变的数额购买卡和对卡进行充值，而不需要使用封闭系统来处理交易。尽管Dorf声称通过使用与银行系统相连的销售点设备缓解了Stimson的一些缺点，可以确信的是Dorf未能验证卡激活请求的来源，以便在任何可接入大量用户的系统中增强可以确信的潜在安全分支的检测。
需要提供一种系统和方法，用于根据传输请求的通信网络，有选择地处理储值卡请求，如储值卡激活、失效和/或数值变化。此外，还需要提供一种系统和方法，用于根据请求的来源，有选择地处理储值卡请求，其中可以通过可用于未授权用户的多种通信网络接收这些请求。还需要提供一种方法，用于在做出激活请求之前或同时，确定分别被授权携带或做出有效请求的多个激活请求通信网络和多个激活请求源。
发明内容
一般来说，通过在一个典型实施例中提供一种用于通过通信网络安全地授权和分发储值卡数据的计算机化方法来满足前述需求。所述方法允许在数据库中存储包括针对每个储值卡的储值卡数据的多条记录和包括用于识别改变储值卡状态的请求的信任源的信息和/或用于识别已知用于传输有效请求的信任通信网络的信息的多条记录。信任源可以包括任何请求方，包括专用线路上的商户终端、特定或已识别电话号码的商户终端、和特定或已识别因特网IP地址的商户终端。将被识别为信任源的信任通信网络包括因特网(当请求方具有静态IP地址时)或如WAN或LAN等其他计算机网络、如专用电话线等专用数据线、和提供了自动号码标识(ANI)的公用交换电话网。传输步骤允许从请求终端通过通信网络向中央处理器传输改变储值卡状态的请求。这种通信网络包括如专用电话线等专用数据线、帧中继或X.25电路、如公用交换电话网络等公用电话链路、以及因特网，包括其中商户终端是WAN或LAN的一部分的网络。将中央处理器配置为通过一个或多个通信网络从商户终端接收请求，并确定相应终端是否是信任源和/或是否通过信任通信网络传输所述请求。处理步骤允许根据所述确定步骤来处理所述请求。
在本发明的另一方案中，本发明通过提供一种计算机可读介质来满足前述需求，以用于通过通信网络安全地授权和分发储值卡请求的计算机程序代码对所述计算机可读介质进行编码，所述程序代码使计算机执行包括以下步骤的方法：控制与中央处理器相连的数据库；在数据库中存储包括针对每个储值卡的储值卡数据的多条记录以及用于识别做出储值卡处理请求的信任源的信息和/或用于识别携带或传输储值卡处理请求的信任通信网络的信息；接收从请求终端通过通信网络传向中央处理器的储值卡处理请求；确定相应请求终端是否是处理请求的信任源和/或通信网络是否是携带或传输处理请求的信任通信网络；以及根据所述确定步骤，处理所述请求。
可以考虑其他实施例。
在本发明的另一方案中，本发明通过提供一种用于安全地授权储值卡交易的方法来满足前述需求。所述方法包括：识别步骤，用于识别储值卡处理请求的一个或多个信任源和/或携带和/或传输储值卡处理请求的一个或多个信任通信网络。分配步骤允许将标识符分配给每个已识别的信任源和信任通信网络。存储步骤允许将标识符存储在与处理器相连的数据库中，将所述处理器配置为接收储值卡处理请求，其中通过通信网络从用户终端接收所述请求。在另一步骤中，确定相应请求终端是否是处理请求的信任源和/或确定通信网络是否是携带或传输处理请求的信任通信网络。最后，所述方法允许根据所述确定步骤，处理所述请求。
可以考虑其他实施例。
在本发明的另一方案中，本发明通过提供一种用于在多个终端和中央处理器之间、通过通信网络授权储值卡请求的系统来满足前述需求。所述系统包括与中央处理器相连的数据库。所述系统还包括存储模块，配置为在数据库中存储包括针对每个储值卡的储值卡数据的多条记录以及用于识别做出储值卡处理请求的信任源的信息和/或用于识别携带或传输储值卡处理请求的信任通信网络的信息。所述系统还包括：数值模块，配置为在每个已存储记录中定义与每个相应储值卡的数值相对应的参数；第一处理模块，配置为处理从相应请求终端传向中央处理器的请求，将中央处理器配置为根据所述请求是否源自信任源和/或是否通过信任通信网络传输或携带所述请求来接受所述请求。
可以考虑其他实施例。
根据本发明的另一实施例，提供了一种用于安全地授权储值卡交易的方法。所述方法包括识别储值卡处理请求的一个或多个信任源和/或携带和/或传输储值卡处理请求的一个或多个信任通信网络。分配步骤允许将标识符分配给每个已识别的信任源和信任通信网络。存储步骤允许将标识符存储在与处理器相连的数据库中。接收步骤允许接收储值卡处理请求，其中通过通信网络从用户终端接收所述请求。确定步骤允许确定相应请求终端是否是处理请求的信任源和/或确定通信网络是否是携带或传输处理请求的信任通信网络。最后，处理步骤允许根据所述确定步骤，处理所述请求。
可以考虑其他实施例。
附图说明
图1-4分别是分别示出了如何通过通信网络将如图1-3所示的多种典型储值卡用户树与具体实现了本发明的远程储值卡数据管理系统相连的示意方框图；
图5是图1-3所示的电信卡数据管理系统的典型模块化体系结构；
图6是示出了可以由图5所示的系统实现的本发明的一个方案的典型流程图；
图7是示出了可以由图4所示的系统实现的本发明的另一方案的典型流程图；
图8A、8B和8C是示出了不同类型的通信网络的方框图；
图9是示出了典型用户树以及终端与中央处理器之间的储值卡请求的通信路径的方框图；以及
图10是示出了可以由图3所示的系统实现的本发明的另一方案的典型流程图。
在详细解释本发明的实施例之前，应当理解本发明并不局限于以下描述或附图所阐述的各个组件的结构和设置细节。本发明可以用于其他实施例并可以按照多种方式来实现。同样，应当理解的是，这里所使用的措辞和术语是为了描述的目的不应当看作限制。
具体实施方式
图1-4示出了可以得益于本发明的系统和技术的实体树的示例。为了简化，省略了顶部的顾客/销售商层。每个销售商可以具有下属和图示类型的结构。应当注意，在每种情况下，商户2处于顶部，场所层3紧邻终端层12的上方。
如图1到3所示，通过通信网络10，如公用交换电话网、无线网络、如专用电话线等专用数据电路、信用或借记卡网络、因特网、内联网等，通过其可以授权或拒绝信用或借记卡交易的网络，和/或销售点终端12，如信用或借记卡终端，用于向储值卡数据管理系统14发送授权请求，例如，储值卡数据管理系统14可以由本发明的受让人管理和操作。系统14包括与数据库18相连的中央处理器16。中央处理器16可以是具有接收交易并根据预设规则处理交易的软件应用程序的主机计算机、主机服务器、计算机系统，以及任何其他计算机系统。数据库18存储包括由本发明的受让人发布的针对每个储值卡的储值卡数据的多条记录。数据库也可以存储用于识别做出储值卡处理请求(如储值卡激活请求)的信任源的信息，此外，其可以存储用于识别携带或传输储值卡处理请求的信任通信网络的信息。标识信息可以是电话号、静态IP地址、口令、PIN、商户和/或终端ID或可以与特定用户、商户终端或通信网络相关联的其他惟一代码。所述代码可以由终端处的用户选择、随机分配或由中央处理器16从代码列表中选择并分配给终端。应当清楚，在信用或借记卡网络的情况下，期望平均地在大约2秒的特定时间段内处理每个储值卡交易请求，否则用户可能丧失使用该网络的信心。
使用通信网络10的各个请求终端可以通过适当的主机组(hostbank)20向中央处理器发送授权请求。可以直接将授权请求路由给通信网络10，而不通过主机组20。图1到3示出了通信网络和中央处理器(可选地通过主机组)之间的典型链路结构。即，链路结构允许从商户向通信网络、向主机组、然后向中央处理器通信卡相关数据，在一个典型实施例中，通信网络是针对Visa路由交易的Visa网络。应当清楚，可以实现其他链路结构，如主机对主机结构连接。在这种情况下，如专用链路或因特网等通信网络直接位于商户的“主机”系统和本发明的受让人的“主机”系统之间。因此，本发明并不局限于需要主机组的应用，主机对主机连接不需要任何主机组或Visa网络将卡相关数据传送到中央处理器。
授权请求可以包括与刷卡和用于刷卡的终端有关的信息，如该终端的电子签名、该终端的IP地址、该终端的电话号或由终端提供的口令。应当清楚，除了刷卡以外，可以使用其他方法来捕获卡的标识；例如，该信息可以是条码扫描的或在计算机的键盘处手动输入的。此外，商户终端12可以是能够通过通信网络传输卡标识符信息的任何系统。因此，商户终端12可以是电话、电子收银机、信用卡机、传真机、计算机或能够接收和传输信息的其他设备。
在本发明系统的另一方案中，如图3和4所示，可以将商户和终端划分为组，其成员关系根据分组环境是否是针对执行各个用户可以执行的一组动作中的任何特定动作的目的而改变，如卡激活、记帐、佣金支付、报告、库存管理等。例如，来自商户X的终端A可以与来自商户Y的终端B一起在激活组I中，但为了记帐的目的，两个终端可以处于不同的组中。同样，商户X可以接收终端A、B和C作为会员，因此将A、B和C分类在相同的组中。同样，可以将商户X与商户Y及其终端D、E和F分为一组。按照这种方式，例如，终端A-F可以处于相同的激活组中。可以预先配置中央处理器以根据请求方是否与被认为是信任源的另一终端或商户处于相同的组中来确定终端是否是信任源。
给定组中的终端可以共享通信网络。例如，给定组中的所有终端可以共享将其与中央处理器相连的专用数据线路。于是，在中央处理器识别出通过专用数据线路接收到请求并确定该专用数据线路是信任源时，可以授权该请求。类似地，给定组中的终端可以共享一组静态IP地址。在一个实施例中，在终端登录由与该组相关联的实体操作的服务器时，为其分配静态IP地址。服务器实体将从已定义IP地址组中选择的IP地址分配给终端。已定义组中的每个IP地址均为信任源，并因此具有存储在数据库中的识别信息。
这些组的管理和定义是被配置为在数据库中存储信任源和信任源通信网络的列表的模块的任务。数据库也可以包括表示各个用户可以从各个终端执行的动作组的表格。
图4示出了储值卡商户2的典型实体树。一个或多个商户终端12位于商户的特定场所3，如特定的商店场所。一个或多个场所3与储值卡商户2相关联。储值卡商户2可以接收其他储值卡商户2作为会员或者与其他储值卡商户2相关联，其他储值卡商户2可以与另一储值卡商户2具有会员关系。通过这种储值卡商户2网络，给定的商户2可以通过其他商户2与一个或多个场所3和终端12相关联。为了简化图示，在图4所示的用户实体树中并未示出表示储值卡数据管理系统的方框和其他关联方框。但是，应当清楚如图1到3所示，或者如这里进一步描述的那样，每个这种用户实体树将类似地与储值卡数据管理系统14互连。
图5详细地示出了与储值卡数据管理系统16之间的连接。如图5所示，中央处理器16包括存储控制模块34，允许在数据库18中存储包括针对每个储值卡的储值卡数据的多条储值卡记录37、用于识别做出储值卡处理请求的信任源的信息、以及用于识别携带或传输储值卡处理请求的信任通信网络的信息。关联模块36允许在每条已存储记录中将惟一匹配相应储值卡的相应标识符与相应的终端相关联，或者将卡或终端与其他关联标识符信息相匹配。卡数值模块35允许在每条已存储记录中定义与每个储值卡的数值相对应的参数。所述参数可以包括与每个储值卡的数值相对应的金额，或者这种参数可以包括与每个储值卡的数值相对应的时间单位，或者这二者。卡数值模块35也可以允许定义能够改变卡数值的参数或方法。
输入/输出模块33接收通过通信网络传输的储值卡数据，从而第一处理模块30可以处理从相应的请求终端传向中央处理器的储值卡激活请求。因此，中央处理器允许根据请求是否来自信任源或者请求是否通过信任通信网络传输，接受或拒绝激活请求或其他处理请求。
处理模块还可以包括用于改变数值、恢复数值、将数值切换到另一种产品、服务或货币或者改变储值卡的状态的模块。可以考虑其他处理模块。刷新模块可以将卡的数值变回卡的初始值。或者，刷新模块可以将卡的初始值与卡的现值相加。例如，通过刷新模块，可以根据刷新模块的类型，将现值为$15、初始值为$20的卡增加到$20(初始值)或$35(现值加初始值)。一般来说，可以按照预定的增量(如$10)或非预定的数量来改变这些数值。恢复模块可以将卡数值或卡数值的一部分退回给顾客，或者可以向顾客的帐户内提供金额或其他信用。也可以将卡数值转换为由商户、商户合作伙伴或与卡销售相关的其他实体(包括中央处理站点)提供的商品或服务。
在本发明的一个方案中，只有请求是由一组信任源中的任何一个做出或通过经由信任通信网络传播的通信做出的时，才可以授权储值卡。通过上述方式，可以通过关联模块36，将作为信任源的终端与相应的标识符相关联。但是，在给定的交易之前，信任源可能不具有任何关联标识符；代替地，可以通过这里所描述的方式，将信任源验证为信任源。
如图5所示，在I/O模块33处接收来自终端的数据。在一个实施例中，第一处理模块30可以根据在I/O模块33处接收到的请求信号的源，识别与用于进行请求的通信网络有关的信息。例如，专用数据线路可以具有位于I/O模块33的专用输入，因此将通过专用线路做出的请求识别为通过专用数据线路进行传输，因为其在I/O模块33处通过专用输入被接收。可选地，专用数据线路可以携带或添加标识信息作为对请求通信的补充。例如，可以预先配置专用数据终端在每个商户终端通信之前或之后传输序列号“1234567”，以便标识该商户终端通信正在通过专用数据线路传输。在本实施例中，中央处理器16可以通过分析识别了专用数据线路的信息确定请求时通过专用线路做出的。
配置为处理储值卡激活请求的第一处理模块30将分析此数据，并将授权或不同意发送回请求终端。例如，第一处理模块30可以通过I/O模块33访问数据库，并将终端的信息与存储在数据库中的信任源的列表进行比较。如果终端的信息与数据库中的信任源数据条目相匹配，将授权该请求。如果被授权，可以更新与中央处理器相连的数据库以反映任何授权或不同意。当通过信任通信网络接收到信息时，可以使用类似的处理。第一处理模块30识别用于进行请求的通信网络，如果确定通信网络是信任通信网络，则授权该请求。第一处理模块30可以通过其自身或者通过将通信网络的标识信息与存储在数据库18中的信任通信网络的列表进行比较来做出此确定。
如图5所示，第二处理模块31允许处理改变与相应储值卡相关联的数值的请求。从相应的请求终端通过通信网络向中央处理器传输该请求。因此，中央处理器还允许根据存储在针对要改变其关联数值的储值卡的记录中的相应标识符是否与由请求终端针对该储值卡和终端而实际传输的标识符相匹配，接受或拒绝改变数值请求。第三处理器模块32允许处理从相应请求终端传向中央处理器的储值卡失效请求。在这种情况下，将中央处理器配置为根据请求是否来自信任源或者请求是否通过信任通信网络传输，接受或拒绝失效请求。
图6示出了可以由具体实现了本发明的一个方案的储值卡数据管理系统实现的典型流程图100。优选地，在已经将关联标识符分配给请求终端时(如用在以下示例中的号码456)，使用此流程图中描述的方法。如步骤52所示，将储值卡序列号123与终端456相关联。在步骤53，处理用于激活储值卡序列号123的请求。在一个实施例中，可以如下进行处理，验证模块允许确定请求是否来自终端456，如步骤54所示。然后，验证模块确定是否已经将卡123分配给包含终端456的场所，如步骤55所示。如果验证模块确定实际上该请求由终端456产生，并且卡123已经被分配给终端456，则中央处理器将产生表示该请求已经被接受的消息，如步骤57所示。如果验证模块确定请求终端不是456号，或者如果卡未分配给该场所，则将发布拒绝交易的消息，如步骤56所示。
图7示出了可以由具体实现了本发明的一个方案的储值卡数据管理系统实现的典型流程图101。如图7中的步骤64和65所示，不具有关联标识符的终端做出用于改变具有典型序列号123的储值卡的状态的请求，该序列号未与任何终端相关联。于是，可以如下处理该请求。在步骤66中，验证和/或授权模块将允许确定该请求是否来自信任源，如在中央处理器的数据库中标识的源。验证模块的操作依赖于进行请求的通信网络的类型，如图8所示。如果请求并非来自信任源，则在步骤67中拒绝或保持或终止该请求。然后，可以采取适当的动作，如尝试识别或定位请求方或商户终端，或者使具有已识别序列号的储值卡无效。
如果确定请求来自信任源，则继续处理该请求。如步骤68所示，可以为未识别的商户终端分配标识符，然后，在步骤69中，将该标识符与储值卡标识符相关联。然后，在步骤70中，处理和/或接受该请求。
图8A、8B和8C示出了可以用于验证请求是由信任源做出的多种典型通信网络。在图8A中，商户数据信道接口12A通过商户与中央处理设备之间的专用数据信道(如专用电话线10A)与中央处理设备17进行通信，所述中央处理设备17可以是中央处理器、主机组或其他中央实体。因为通信网络是专用数据信道，只有商户和中央处理设备能够使用该通信网络(除了商户和中央处理设备授权使用通信网络的那些实体之外)。因此，中央处理器授权通过专用数据信道做出的所有请求，因为这些请求被视为来自作为可以访问专用线路的信任商户的成员的终端。在本实施例中，如果通过专用数据源接收请求，则中央处理设备确定该请求来自信任源。
应当清楚，中央处理单元16可以通过将识别信任源的信息存储在数据库18中，将请求方添加到信任源的列表中。这可以通过将诸如口令或代码之类的标识符分配给请求方并将所述标识信息存储在数据库18中作为信任源来实现。然后，如果请求方稍后通过未被看作信任通信网络的通信网络(如公用交换电话网)做出请求，则请求方可以在做出请求时通过网络来标识其自身。于是，中央处理器16可以确定请求方是信任源，并因此授权该请求。然后，可以将该请求方分类为针对随后交易的信任源，从而可以自动授权未来的请求。
处理器可以确定来自特定信任请求方的未来请求确实来自信任请求方的一种方式是在第一次将该请求方确定为信任源时将标识信息分配给该请求方。在本实施例中，处理器16通过通信网络10将标识信息通信给请求方，并将该信息存储在其数据库18中。当信任源通过任何通信网络做出随后的请求时，将标识信息包括在其对处理器16的请求中。处理器接收具有附加标识信息的请求。然后，可以将标识信息与存储在数据库18中的记录进行比较。通过将标识信息与存储在数据库18中的标识信息进行比较，处理器可以确定该商户是否是信任源。
在图8A的一个典型实施例中，ABC商业公司(“ABC”)(假定的信任源)具有用于将其一个或多个商户终端与中央处理设备相连的专用数据线路。ABC设立了新的ABC商店，新的ABC商店具有中央处理设备未知的新商户终端。具体地，ABC商店未被分配任何标识信息，并且数据库不包含具体识别此特定ABC商店的任何信息。新商店的未识别终端通过专用线路进行请求。尽管中央处理设备从未验证过新ABC终端的身份，中央处理设备将处理并授权该请求，因为其将通过ABC的专用线路做出的所有请求看作由信任源做出的请求。实际上，专用线路上的任何请求方自动成为信任源。可以考虑其他实施例。
但是，在另一典型实施例中，新的ABC商店必须在其请求可以被授权之前首先获得标识符。在接收到请求并确定该请求是通过作为信任源的专用线路接收的时，中央处理设备将标识符分配给该请求终端，并将标识符与储值卡的标识符相关联。然后，可以处理该请求，并激活所述卡。可以考虑其他实施例。
在另一实施例中，中央处理设备在请求之前设置标识符。例如，ABC通知中央处理设备即将设立新的ABC商店，并在新ABC商店处的终端做出请求的事件中，针对该新ABC商店保留了标识符。于是，在请求实体做出请求时，已经可以识别该请求实体。在这种情况下，可以处理该请求，而无需将标识符分配给新终端的步骤。但是，可以在第一次请求时，根据需要，添加和/或分配额外的标识。例如，可以向新商店发布缺省口令，然后，新商店可以在其对中央处理器进行第一次请求时请求和/或获得新口令。
在图8B中，具有惟一电话号的未识别商户12B通过公用交换电话线10B与中央处理设备17(如中央处理器16)通信针对储值卡的请求。这种通信可以使用调制解调器、交互语音响应系统(IVR)、或通过公用交换电话网进行通信的任何其他装置。中央处理设备可以根据常规电话呼叫上携带的DNIS和ANI号码来识别商户的惟一电话号。类似地，可以使用“呼叫方ID”特征来识别通过公用交换电话线与远程实体进行联系的实体的电话号。于是，中央处理设备可以通过将商户终端的电话号与存储在数据库18中的信任源的电话号进行比较，来确定已识别的电话号是否是信任源。如果中央处理设备17确定该电话号属于信任源，则中央处理设备17将处理并授权该请求。否则，可以拒绝该请求。
可以考虑识别商户终端的其他方法。
在图8B的实施例中，商户12B通过公用交换电话线10B与中央设备通信针对储值卡的请求。商户12B通过电话线输入口令或其他标识信息，例如通过在与中央处理设备17的电话呼叫期间传输一系列音调。可以考虑通过电话线通信标识信息的其他方法，如通过传真或因特网通信。然后，中央处理设备17将商户12B的标识信息与数据库18中所列举的信任源的标识信息进行比较。根据该比较，中央处理设备确定商户12B是否为信任源。如果中央处理设备17确定商户12B是信任源，则中央处理设备17将处理和授权该请求。否则，可以拒绝该请求。可以考虑其他实施例。
在图8C中，具有静态IP(因特网协议)地址的商户计算机终端通过因特网10C与中央处理设备17进行通信来提交请求。通过本领域公知的方法，商户计算机终端可以通过调制解调器、LAN、WAN、电缆连接或其他因特网连接与因特网相连。商户终端的因特网服务提供商(可以是商户、商户团体或另一服务提供商)为其分配了静态IP地址。商户终端12C通信对中央处理设备17的请求。通过本领域公知的方法，中央处理设备17根据接收到的电子通信，确定终端12C的静态IP地址。通过将静态IP地址与信任源的静态IP地址进行比较，中央处理设备17可以确定终端12C是否为信任源。如果是，则按照类似于以上针对图8A和8B所描述的方法，中央处理设备17处理该请求并激活所述卡。如果未被确定为信任源，则可以拒绝该请求。
在一个实施例中，该请求伴随有用于识别商户计算机终端12C的信息。例如，商户终端12C可以输入口令，从具有静态IP地址的商户计算机12C传输给中央处理设备17。通过上述方法，中央处理设备17可以根据该口令，确定商户计算机12C是否为信任源。如果商户计算机12C是信任源，则该IP地址可以成为信任源，例如，通过将该IP地址存储数据库中的信任源列表内。但是，因为在一些情况下，给定的商户计算机12C可能在下次登录因特网时具有不同的IP地址，中央处理设备17可以清除该静态IP地址，除非已知商户计算机12C具有永久静态IP地址。
在另一实施例中，中央处理设备17不将IP地址存储为信任源。在此实施例中，在请求开始时对标识进行验证已经足以授权该交易，而不需要其他授权步骤。可以考虑其他实施例。
在一个实施例中，由于商户终端12C的因特网服务提供商的安排，商户对于每次因特网会话具有相同的静态IP地址。中央处理设备17将此地址存储在数据库中，作为信任源的标识符。商户12C从相同的静态IP地址通过因特网做出请求，并且中央处理设备17在其识别出该请求源自信任静态IP地址(如商户终端12C的信任静态IP地址)之后，处理并授权该请求。
在另一实施例中，将一组静态IP地址(每一个均为信任源)之一分配给商户12C。于是，商户12C可以做出将被处理的请求，如上所述，因为其总是使用作为信任源的静态IP地址来做出这种请求。
图9示出了典型的用户树、以及商户终端与主机组和中央处理器之间的通信路径。如图9所示，销售点终端12可以通过首先与商户通信接口12D进行接口，与主机组和中央处理器进行通信。商户通信接口12D可以与任意数量的销售点终端12相连，销售点终端12可以与任意数量的商户相连。商户通信接口12D本身可以是销售点终端12。例如，销售点终端12和商户通信接口12D可以是连接在LAN(局域网)或WAN(广域网)上的计算机。来自多个终端12的通信可以在通信离开商户并通过其他通信网络(如因特网、专用线路或外部电话系统)之前，首先通过商户网络集线器。
可选地，在图9中，如图1和2所示，销售点终端可以直接与通信网络接口。
必须注意，在上述图7-9中，请求终端或其他请求实体在第一次请求之前不具有与之相关联的先验标识符。因此，在这一点上，中央处理器和主机组不能识别请求实体。但是，关于请求方的其他信息可能是已知的。在图8A所述的ABC示例中，数据管理系统14可能已经确定了请求方是ABC实体(如ABC商店终端)，因为只有ABC实体能够使用专用线路。应当清楚，可以完全去除将标识符与实现未识别的终端相关联的步骤。还应当清楚，这些方法可以等效地应用于通过电话线和因特网的请求/激活处理。
本领域普通技术人员还应当清楚，可以在购买或激活时，由用户选择服务提供商和/或卡数值，或者在任意时刻由用户选择。当诸如商户终端等请求实体请求卡或PIN时，请求实体请求具体的金额、分钟或所述卡的其他数值。然后，中央处理器可以简单地警告所述卡的现有记录(如果存在的话)，以便根据用户通过通信网络的请求，反映更高或更低的金额。例如，顾客可以请求将给定的金额(如$50)分配给特定的卡。在验证交易的处理期间，中央处理器可以编辑其记录，以反映新的卡数值。因此，卡数值是可变的。对于是否最初固定卡数值，或者是否直到销售点之前，仍未识别和未分配其数值而言，情况也是如此。类似地，在电信服务或可用于储值卡的其他任何种类的用户服务的情况下，用户可以在销售点选择服务提供商，或者稍后选择，如果稍后用户必须恢复卡的话。在用户与中央处理器进行交换时，该处理器具有修订和改变与卡相关联的标识符以及任何其他关联信息(如卡的现值或面值)的能力。
一个典型实施例中的储值卡数据管理系统启用了基于网络的、ID和口令保护应用程序，可用于具有因特网接入和适当的ID和口令的任何人。如上所述，系统包括针对卡产生、商户建立、场所建立、终端设置和商户和/或场所的存货分配的各个模块。所述系统还可以用于其他卡相关动作，如基于网络的激活、失效、数值改变、刷新和数值恢复。
可以按照计算机实现的处理和用于实现上述处理的设备的形式来具体实现本发明。也可以按照包含具体实现在有形介质中的计算机可读指令的计算机程序代码的形式来具体实现本发明，如软盘、CD-ROM、硬盘驱动器或任何其他计算机可读存储介质，其中当计算机加载并执行计算机程序代码时，计算机成为实现本发明的设备。可以按照计算机程序代码的形式来具体实现本发明，例如，无论是存储在存储介质中，由计算机加载和/或执行，或通过一些传输介质进行传输，例如电线或电缆、通过光纤、或通过电磁辐射，其中，当计算机加载并执行计算机程序代码时，计算机成为实现本发明的设备。当在通用计算机上实现时，计算机程序代码段配置计算机以创建具体的逻辑电路或处理模块。
图10是示出了可以由图3所示的系统实现的本发明的另一方案的典型流程图。在步骤71中，人、处理器、计算机或其他实体识别被授权做出储值卡请求的一个或多个信任源。在优选实施例中，信任源可以包括被授权请求PIN的商户的列表。类似地，在步骤72中，实体识别已知只携带或传输有效储值卡请求的一个或多个信任通信网络。在优选实施例中，信任通信网络可以包括识别了将授权商户或商户终端与中央处理器相连的多种专用数据线路的列表。分开描述了步骤71和72，但应当理解，这两个步骤不必顺序进行。此外，该系统应当在将新源和网络确定为信任源时，经常更新其信任源的列表。
在步骤73中，如中央处理器16等实体将标识信息分配给已识别的信任源和已识别的信任通信网络。标识信息可以是商户终端ID号或其他标识符，如静态IP地址或电话号。对于通信网络，所述标识符可以是用于识别特定通信网络的内部代码。例如，可以通过将不同的号码分配给不同的输入，来识别具有对处理器系统的不同输入的不同通信网络。在步骤74中，将标识符存储在数据库18中。应当注意，通信网络可能不具有一般意义上的标识符，并且这种标识符不适合于存储在数据库中。例如，可以借助于具有与非信任通信网络不同的对处理器的连接或输入，来识别信任通信网络，因此可以借助于分离的连接来识别。
在步骤75中，从商户终端接收请求。这里，商户终端可以表示向处理器提交请求的任何实体。在步骤76中，处理器确定该请求是否来自信任源，即请求商户终端是否是信任源。处理器可以根据识别请求方的信息做出确定。例如，可以通过电话网正确输入口令，将请求方验证为信任源。也可以通过确定请求方的电话号在数据库中被列举为信任源，来验证电话请求方。可以通过从信任静态IP地址或从已知先前提交过正确口令的静态IP地址做出请求，来验证通过因特网进行请求的请求方。处理器通过将如口令等标识符信息与存储在数据库18中的标识信息进行比较来验证所述源。
处理器还确定携带所述请求的通信网络是否是信任通信网络。如果请求携带有识别通信网络的标识符，则处理器可以将该标识符与数据库中的信任标识符进行比较。此验证处理也可以通过简单地确定请求如何到达处理器来进行。例如，如果输入#3是信任源，并且处理器确定请求通过输入#3到达，则处理器可以确定该请求由信任源做出。可以使用本领域公知的其他方法。
如果确定请求来自信任源或信任通信网络，则在步骤77中处理并授权该请求。如果未确定请求来自信任源或信任通信网络，则在步骤78中，可以拒绝该请求，可以进行其他验证方式，或者可以将该请求放入保持类中。
可以考虑其他实施例。例如，对于上述许多实施例，所述请求可以是任何请求，包括激活、无效、数值改变请求或其他请求。
应当理解，这里示出和描述的本发明的具体实施例只是示例。可以在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的前提下，本领域普通技术人员可以进行多种修改、改变、置换和等价替换。因此，倾向于仅将这里所描述和附图中所示的所有主题看作示例性的，而不是限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求惟一确定。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于通过通信网络、从商户终端安全地对储值卡交易进行授权的计算机化方法，所述方法包括：
在与中央处理器相连的数据库中存储多条记录，所述记录包括：
针对每个储值卡的储值卡数据，所述储值卡数据包括识别商户终端的信息和识别通信网络的信息，所述商户终端和所述通信网络被授权以对储值卡的处理请求进行处理，所述通信网络用于携带或传输储值卡处理请求，所述商户终端和通信网络中的每一个与标识符相关联；和
在中央处理器处接收针对特定储值卡的处理请求以及源商户终端或通信网络的标识符；
在中央处理器处确定接收到的源商户终端或通信网络的标识符是否与作为做出针对特定储值卡的处理请求的信任源而存储在所述数据库中的源商户终端或通信网络相匹配；
响应于确定接收到的标识符与作为信任源而存储在所述数据库中的信任商户终端相匹配，执行针对特定储值卡的处理请求；
响应于确定接收到的标识符与做出针对特定储值卡的处理请求的信任通信网络相关联：
执行针对特定储值卡的处理请求；以及
捕获通过所述通信网络发送的针对特定储值卡的处理请求所来自的源商户终端的标识符，基于其使用信任通信网络而将所述源商户终端视为信任源，并且如果尚未存储在数据库中，则将所捕获的源商户终端的标识符作为针对将来的储值卡的处理请求的信任商户终端而存储在所述数据库中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的计算机化方法，其特征在于所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求是从以下组中选择的：激活储值卡的请求、无效储值卡的请求、改变储值卡数值的请求、将储值卡的原始值与储值卡的现值相加的请求、和恢复储值卡数值或部分数值的请求。
3.根据权利要求1所述的计算机化方法，其特征在于所述执行针对特定储值卡的处理请求是从以下组中选择的：激活储值卡、无效储值卡、改变储值卡的数值、将储值卡的原始值与储值卡的现值相加、和恢复储值卡的数值或部分数值。
4.根据权利要求1所述的计算机化方法，其特征在于所述储值卡是从以下组中选择的：礼品卡、预付费汽油/燃气卡、预付费零售卡、预付费娱乐卡、用于下载铃音的卡、用于下载软件的卡、用于下载音乐文件的卡、和顾客回报卡。
5.根据权利要求1所述的计算机化方法，其特征在于所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求是通过因特网传输的，源商户终端由静态IP地址识别，以及确定步骤基于静态IP地址是否作为所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求的信任源而记录在所述数据库中。
6.根据权利要求1所述的计算机化方法，其特征在于源商户终端由静态IP地址识别，源商户终端输入口令以接入网络，其中所述口令基于或等同于静态IP地址，所述源商户终端利用静态IP地址与中央处理器进行通信，以及确定步骤基于静态IP地址是否作为所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求的信任源而记录在所述数据库中。
7.根据权利要求1所述的计算机化方法，其特征在于所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求是通过公用交换电话网传输的，以及通过执行从以下组中选择的步骤，确定源商户终端是信任源：识别源商户终端所使用的电话号，和与中央处理器通信可接受的口令或商户终端标识符。
8.根据权利要求1所述的计算机化方法，其特征在于存储在数据库中的每条记录还包括从以下组中选择的、对应于与每个相应储值卡相关联的数值的参数：表示预定时间单位的参数、和表示一个或多个预定金额的参数。
9.根据权利要求1所述的计算机化方法，其特征在于所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求是改变与相应储值卡相关联的数值的改变请求，将所述改变请求从相应的请求终端传向中央处理器，将中央处理器配置为根据存储在针对要改变其关联数值的储值卡的记录中的相应标识符是否与由请求终端针对该储值卡和终端而实际传输的标识符相匹配，接受所述改变请求。
10.一种用于通过通信网络、从商户终端对储值卡交易进行授权的系统，所述系统包括：
数据库；
存储模块，配置为在数据库中存储多条记录，所述多条记录包括：
针对每个储值卡的储值卡数据，所述储值卡数据包括识别商户终端的信息和识别通信网络的信息，所述商户终端和所述通信网络被授权以对储值卡处理请求进行处理，所述通信网络用于携带或传输储值卡处理请求，所述商户终端和通信网络中的每一个与标识符相关联；
处理模块，配置为：
处理从源商户终端传向处理模块的针对特定储值卡的处理请求，所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求包括所述源商户终端或通信网络的标识符，所述处理模块被配置为根据所接收到的标识符是否与作为做出所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求的信任源而存储在所述数据库中的商户终端或通信网络相匹配，来执行所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求；
响应于确定接收到的标识符与作为信任源而存储在所述数据库中的信任商户终端相匹配，执行针对特定储值卡的处理请求；
响应于确定接收到的标识符与做出针对特定储值卡的处理请求的信任通信网络相关联：
执行针对特定储值卡的处理请求；以及
捕获通过所述通信网络发送的所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求所来自的源商户终端的标识符，基于其使用信任通信网络而将所述源商户终端视为信任源，并且如果尚未存储在数据库中，则将所捕获的源商户终端的标识符作为针对将来的储值卡的处理请求的信任商户终端而存储在所述数据库中。
11.根据权利要求10所述的系统，其特征在于所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求是从以下组中选择的：改变储值卡状态的请求、激活储值卡的请求、无效储值卡的请求、改变储值卡数值的请求、刷新储值卡的请求、和恢复储值卡数值的请求。
12.根据权利要求10所述的系统，其特征在于所述执行针对特定储值卡的处理请求是从以下组中选择的：改变储值卡的状态、激活储值卡、无效储值卡、改变储值卡的数值、刷新储值卡、和恢复储值卡的数值。
13.根据权利要求10所述的系统，其特征在于所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求是通过因特网传输的，源商户终端由静态IP地址识别，以及确定步骤基于静态IP地址是否作为所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求的信任源而记录在所述数据库中。
14.根据权利要求10所述的系统，其特征在于所述针对特定储值卡的处理请求是通过公用交换电话网传输的，以及通过执行从以下组中选择的步骤，确定源商户终端是信任源：识别源商户终端所使用的电话号，和与中央处理器通信可接受的口令或商户终端标识符。
15.根据权利要求1所述的计算机化方法，其特征在于还包括：
接收来自顾客的、将储值与顾客帐户相加的请求，所述将储值与顾客帐户相加的请求包括第一标识符，其中第一标识符和储值与储值卡相关联，以及顾客帐户由提供商管理；以及
向顾客提供与提供商相关联的提供商标识符，其中提供商标识符有效地将关联储值添加到顾客帐户上。
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